JP2896360B2 - Self-propelled excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for digging holes of a required depth at predetermined intervals in the ground for planting plants.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a field for producing seedlings such as plants, for example, tractors are used to cultivate the entire field to soften the topsoil and to make preparations for reducing the overall height difference. In such a field, the moving conditions of the mechanical device are naturally poor, and it is very difficult to drill a hole of a predetermined depth in a predetermined direction while maintaining an accurate interval and pitch. When performing this excavation, especially for the implementation of an underground container cultivation method using a pot, mark the entire field with ropes and lime etc. marked according to the planting interval and pitch, and It is necessary to clearly indicate the location (planting location). However, preparation of the marked rope and marking in the field are time-consuming operations.

Conventionally, a digging machine used for the above-mentioned purpose is a hand-held digging machine shown in FIG. 4 of Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-48405, which has a conventional auger driven by an engine. is there. In a so-called hand auger, one hole / 30 seconds is a standard work amount, and the limit of the work amount is about 500 holes per day due to severe working conditions. Therefore, the invention and the invention disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 2-57306 and JP-A-7-107813 have been proposed. However, they are proposed only and are not embodied as products. For example, one
Although it is possible to excavate earth and sand, the earth and sand cannot be sufficiently taken out, and those having only wheels cannot be moved even in a tilled field. Furthermore, it must be said that it is hopeless to dig holes without marking the fields.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its object is to dig a hole in a field with high working efficiency. This makes it possible to dig a hole in the ground, especially in a tilled field, etc., based on the positional relationship.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises an endless track 11 provided on a main body 10 as a propulsion means for moving a cultivated field. 12 and a hydraulic device 13 are mounted on the main body, and a lifting / lowering cylinder device 14 driven by the hydraulic device 13 is installed on the main body, and is driven by the hydraulic device on left and right frame bodies 15 provided to be able to move up and down by the cylinder device. the hydraulic rotary machine 16 respectively attached to, digging holes by auger 17 to be attached to the rotating machine 16, and to release the sediment out of the hole, the speed required for digging
A means for rotating the auger 17 at high speed at double speed is taken.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A self-propelled excavator according to the present invention
This is a device for digging a hole h of a required depth at a predetermined interval in a field F in order to plant a plant. Field F here
The term includes those cultivated and those not tilled.

[0007] As the propulsion means, it is necessary to be able to reliably move the cultivated field F, so the endless track 11 is indispensable in the present invention. Endless track 11 is
It is intended to be a crawler or the like commonly called, the power of the. Endless track 11 having respectively provided with drive wheels 20 'and the driven wheel 20' pass over the track 20 between the structure on the left and right of the body 10, for example an internal combustion A prime mover 12 such as an engine is mounted on the main body 10. A hydraulic device 13 is also mounted on the main body 10.
A power source for generating hydraulic pressure may be provided independently or supplied from the outside, but it is also possible to use the power of the prime mover 12 of the propulsion means.

In the illustrated embodiment, a high-output gasoline engine is used for the prime mover 12, and the output is used for the driving system and the power source of the hydraulic system. The power source of the traveling system is input to the transmission via a traveling clutch for connecting / disconnecting power to / from the driving wheels. On the other hand, the prime mover 12 drives a hydraulic pump for the power of the hydraulic system. As the hydraulic power, a first hydraulic pump 21 for auger rotation and a second pump 22 mainly for auger elevating can be used. FIGS. 5 and 6 show examples of circuit diagrams of the hydraulic system. For example, a high pressure is generated for a hydraulic motor 23 for auger rotation, and a low pressure is generated for a hydraulic cylinder 24 for auger elevation. Reference numeral 25 denotes a switching valve for the hydraulic motor 23, and reference numeral 26 denotes a switching valve for a hydraulic cylinder. The oil tank 27 is disposed at the front and rear ends of the main body 10 for weight distribution with the auger 17. P1 and P2 in FIG. 5 are connected to P1 and P2 in FIG.

A feature of the present invention resides in that the problem of residual soil in a conventional excavator has been solved. In the case of the aforementioned power drilling machine for semi-human power (so-called hand auger), if it is used as it is, it cannot be sufficiently excavated, and it is necessary to experience the handling of lifting excavated earth and sand to take it out. was there. In a power digging machine that cannot perform such operations, more than half of the earth and sand remains in the digged hole, and the subsequent excavation is difficult. As a result of pursuing this cause, it was found that the earth and sand did not sufficiently rise in the conventional machine despite the rotation of the auger, and fell from the gap. Therefore, in the present invention, the prime mover 12 has a large output, and
7 is increased from the conventional 100 to 150 rpm to a double speed of 250 to 300 rpm, and the worker is mounted on the main body floor plate 28 in order to protect the worker from the earth and the sand that bounce off the auger 17 and the auger 17 that rotates at a high speed, and A structure, such as a frame, is arranged in between to form a shield 29 from the earth and sand that is splashed off. As a result of these measures, it was possible to raise the excavated earth and sand almost completely and out of the hole by increasing the speed and torque without changing the structure of the auger itself. That is, although there was a difference depending on the soil properties, there was no problem in the post-process. In addition, auger 1
Since 7 aims at bouncing off the earth and sand after excavating it, high-speed rotation means a rotation speed that achieves this purpose. Thus the rotational speed is illustrative only and may change depending on the light weight of Shenzhen and sediment hole.

In the drawing, reference numeral 30 denotes a driver's seat on which an operator sits,
An operation panel 31 includes a traveling system including a traveling clutch operation section 32, a transmission operation lever 33, a side clutch 34, and a main throttle lever 35;
It has a throttle 36, a clutch 37, and an operating lever 38 of the hydraulic cylinder 24 for raising and lowering the auger. Reference numeral 39 denotes an elevating lever of a direction maintaining device to be described later, reference numeral 40 denotes a counter, and reference numeral 41 denotes a reset button for measuring a moving distance L of the machine by the propulsion means. This distance L is necessary for determining the distance between the front and rear holes. For example, the actual distance is calculated by calculating the number of rotations of the rotating shaft of the traveling system, and sound or light is displayed for each set value.

Auger 17 for excavating and discharging earth and sand
Are driven by hydraulic rotating machines 16 attached to the left and right frames 15, 15 respectively, and rotate to dig holes.
At the same time, it can be moved up and down. In order to mount the auger hydraulic rotary machine 16, the frame body 42 is installed at one end of the main body 10, in the illustrated example, at the rear end. The frame body 42 has a vertical guide rail 43 and a vertical moving frame 44 provided to be vertically movable along the guide rail 43. Since the frames 15 are provided on the left and right sides of the vertical moving frame 44, respectively, the lifting and lowering cylinder device 14 mounted on the frame 42 is provided.
, The piston 45 expands and contracts, and the left and right frames 15 move up and down together with the vertical moving frame 44 to which the piston tip is connected. The amount of ascending and descending, particularly the lower limit and the upper limit, is detected by a limit switch or other detecting means, and the depth of the hole can be controlled to be constant. This can also be controlled automatically.

In order to adjust the distance between the left and right frames 15, a width adjusting guide rail 46 projecting in the left and right directions of the vertical moving frame 44 is provided, and the left and right frames 15 are movably supported in the left and right directions. I do. The screw 4 is parallel to the guide rail 46.
7 is rotatably mounted, and nut portions 47 ′ for screwing with the screw portions are provided on the left and right frames 15, and the positions of the left and right frames 15 are adjusted by operating the handle 48. Third in the center
Frame 15 'can be provided. This is the vertical frame 4
Attach directly to 4. Each frame 15, 15, 15 '
The hydraulic rotating machines 16, 16, 1
6 'is installed, and an auger 17 is detachably attached to each of the rotating machines 16, 16, 16'. The center hydraulic rotating machine 16 'can be completed by relocating either the left or right hydraulic rotating machine 16, but a dedicated machine may be provided and only the auger may be attached and detached.

At the rear end of the main body 10, two sets of augers 17 are provided.
Are arranged side by side in the left-right direction, which is orthogonal to the front-back direction of the main body. The target 18 can be attached to either the left or right side. The survey mark 18 is for adjusting the position of its own machine, that is, the digging position of the auger 17 with the mark indicating the existing hole or the hole position, so that it is located on the outward extension of the line connecting the rotation axis of the auger 17. An extendable extension rod 49 extending from the helical frame 42 and a vertical rod 19 provided with a mark 18 at its tip are provided. The vertical rod 19 can be movable up and down.

Further, a direction maintaining device 50 for keeping the moving direction of the main body 10 constant can be provided in the main body 10.
This is a kind of steering device, and the example shown is particularly for obtaining straightness in a cultivated field. The device 50
Is a long and narrow blade 51 that is cut into the soil of the field F, a support cylinder 52 that supports the blade 51 so as to be able to move up and down, and a spring 5 that presses the blade 51 against the soil of the field F.
3, and a cylinder device 54 for raising the blade 51 when not in use and lowering the blade 51 when in use. In addition, in order to prevent the earth and sand released during digging from filling the existing holes, a sediment inflow prevention mechanism to surround or cover the holes, or a slope to incline the auger to dig a vertical hole in the sloped ground It is also possible to provide a device or the like.

In the apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration, in order to dig a hole in the field F, the distance W between the adjacent left and right holes is determined by the measurement target 18 and the distance L between the front and rear holes, ie, the pitch L Is set by operating the counter 40. FIG. 4 shows an example of digging holes h at a constant pitch and interval from the upper right corner to the bottom in the figure. The depth of the holes can be controlled to be constant by the aforementioned detection means such as a limit switch. In particular, in the apparatus of the present invention, the driver's seat 30 is oriented sideways with respect to the main body moving direction, specifically, the direction of the target 18, so that the operator can change the direction of the existing holes, the direction of the rows, the moving direction, and The situation around the main unit can be checked sufficiently.

[0016]

Since the present invention is constructed and operates as described above, it is possible to dig two holes at the same time on the left and right sides of the field. The related holes can be dug in orderly and at a constant depth. In particular, the rotation speed of the auger 17 is set to a high speed, and the position of the operator is set to the auger 17.
And the interposition of the shielding body 29 between the two, the excavated earth and sand can be almost completely discharged to the outside of the hole. Could be completely commercialized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear view showing one embodiment of a self-propelled excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the above device.

FIG. 3 is also a plan view partially omitted.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing a situation of a digging operation by the digging machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for rotating and elevating the auger.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram on the same hydraulic power source side.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an operation panel unit.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An apparatus for digging holes of a required depth at a predetermined interval in the ground for planting a plant, comprising an infinite body provided as a propulsion means for moving a cultivated field. A right and left frame body which is equipped with a track and has a motor and a hydraulic device of the propulsion means mounted on the main body, and a lifting / lowering cylinder device driven by the hydraulic device is installed on the main body, and is provided so as to be able to move up and down by the cylinder device. wherein with the hydraulic rotary machines respectively attached that is driven by a hydraulic system, in order to release digging holes by auger to be attached to the rotating machine, and drilling Rikuzushi was sediment the outside of the hole,
A self-propelled drilling machine characterized by rotating the auger at high speed twice the speed required for drilling. 2. An apparatus for digging holes of a required depth at predetermined intervals in the ground for planting a plant, wherein a high-power internal combustion engine is used for a prime mover, and the output is controlled by a traveling system and a hydraulic system. The self-propelled excavator according to claim 1, which is used as a power source of the device. 3. An apparatus for digging holes of a required depth at predetermined intervals in the ground for planting plants, wherein the rotation speed of the auger is increased to twice the speed required for digging, and 2. The self-propelled vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the worker is mounted on the floor plate of the main body to protect the worker from the splashing earth and sand, and a structure such as a frame is arranged therebetween to form a shield from the splashing earth and sand. Excavator. 4. An apparatus for digging holes of a required depth at a predetermined interval in the ground for planting a plant, wherein the position of the own machine is adjusted to an existing hole or a mark indicating a hole position. 2. The self-propelled excavator according to claim 1, wherein a driver's seat for the operator is provided sideways with respect to the body moving direction.