JP2878311B2 - Spherical grinding method - Google Patents
Spherical grinding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2878311B2 JP2878311B2 JP1140901A JP14090189A JP2878311B2 JP 2878311 B2 JP2878311 B2 JP 2878311B2 JP 1140901 A JP1140901 A JP 1140901A JP 14090189 A JP14090189 A JP 14090189A JP 2878311 B2 JP2878311 B2 JP 2878311B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tip
- grinding
- work
- swing
- grinding wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は棒状ワークの先端を球面状に研削する方法に
関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for grinding the tip of a rod-shaped work into a spherical shape.
（従来の技術） 被研削物（ワーク）の先端部を球面加工する方法とし
て特開昭58−126054号に開示されるものが知られてい
る。(Prior Art) A method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-1226054 is known as a method of spherically processing the tip of an object to be ground (work).
この方法はスピンドルによって軸廻りに高速回転する
ワークの先端を研摩ベルト表面に押付けるとともに、前
記軸を含む平面内でワークを旋回（揺動）せしめるよう
にしている。In this method, the tip of a work, which rotates at high speed around an axis by a spindle, is pressed against the surface of the polishing belt, and the work is turned (oscillated) in a plane including the shaft.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 上述したようにスピンドルによってワークを軸廻りに
回転せしめた場合、その回転速度は軸芯部では遅く、軸
芯から離れるに従って速くなる。このため単位時間当り
或いはワーク１回転当りに砥石によって研削される面積
も軸芯から離れた部分の方が大きくなり、研削率（ワー
ク１回転当りの研削量）も軸芯から外れるに従って大と
なる。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As described above, when the work is rotated around the axis by the spindle, the rotation speed is low at the shaft center portion, and increases as the work moves away from the shaft center. Therefore, the area to be ground by the grindstone per unit time or per rotation of the work becomes larger in the portion away from the axis, and the grinding rate (the amount of grinding per rotation of the work) increases as the distance from the axis increases. .
このためワークの軸芯から離れた部分を研削する際に
砥石の研削能力を超えてしまい、砥石の異常摩擦、研削
焼け、割れ更には加工精度の低下を招きやすい。また、
これらの不利を解消するにはワークの旋回速度を遅くし
て軸芯から外れた部分の研削率を小さくすることが考え
られるが、このようにすると全体の研削時間が長くなり
効率が悪い。For this reason, when grinding a portion of the work away from the axis, the grinding ability of the grinding wheel is exceeded, and abnormal friction, grinding burn, cracking of the grinding wheel, and further reduction in processing accuracy are likely to occur. Also,
In order to solve these disadvantages, it is conceivable to reduce the grinding rate of the portion off the axis by lowering the turning speed of the work. However, in this case, the entire grinding time becomes longer and the efficiency is lowered.
（課題を解決するための手段） 上記課題を解決するために本発明は、毎分Ｎ回転数で
回転し、先端に半径Ｒの球面を有する棒状ワークの先端
を研削砥石に押しつけ、先端から距離Ｒの点を中心にワ
ークの先端を研削砥石に対して相対的に揺動させること
で先端の球面を加工するに際し、先端の加工面積を加工
するに要するワークの予定総回転数で除すことでワーク
１回転当たりの平均加工面積A1を決め、前記距離Ｒを揺
動半径とし、その揺動角度をθとしたときに、A1/2πRs
inθ＝ｆの式に基づいて、研削砥石に対するワークの相
対的な揺動速度ｆを制御することで、揺動角度θに拘ら
ず研削率が一定になるようにした球面研削方法におい
て、 要求加工精度をΔＨとしたときに、２（Ｒ＋ΔＨ）２
−R2で得られる値を前記揺動速度ｆの上限値にして、前
記揺動速度ｆを制御することを特徴とした。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention rotates at N rotations per minute, presses the tip of a rod-shaped work having a spherical surface with a radius R at the tip against a grinding wheel, and moves the tip from the tip. When machining the spherical surface of the tip by swinging the tip of the workpiece relative to the grinding wheel around the point R, divide the machining area of the tip by the total expected number of rotations of the workpiece required for machining. The average processing area A1 per one rotation of the workpiece is determined by the above, and the distance R is defined as a swing radius and the swing angle is defined as A1 / 2πRs
In the spherical grinding method in which the grinding rate is kept constant regardless of the swing angle θ by controlling the relative swing speed f of the work with respect to the grinding wheel based on the equation of inθ = f, When the precision is ΔH, 2 (R + ΔH) 2
A value obtained by -R 2 in the upper limit value of the swing speed f, and wherein the controller controls the oscillation rate f.
（作用） A1/2πRsinθ＝ｆの式に基づいて、研削砥石に対する
ワークの相対的な揺動速度ｆを制御することで、揺動角
度θに拘らず研削率が一定にすることができ、研削砥石
が異常に摩耗したり、研削焼けや割れの発生する虞れが
無い。(Action) By controlling the relative swing speed f of the workpiece with respect to the grinding wheel based on the formula of A1 / 2πRsinθ = f, the grinding rate can be kept constant regardless of the swing angle θ, and the grinding can be performed. There is no fear that the grinding wheel will be abnormally worn or burnt or cracked.
ただし、A1/2πRsinθ＝ｆではθが０に近づくとsin
θも０に近づき、ｆが過大となり種々の不都合が発生す
る。そこで、ｆの上限値を規定することにより、不都合
の発生を未然に防止することができる。However, when A1 / 2πRsinθ = f, when θ approaches 0, sin
also approaches 0, f becomes excessive and various inconveniences occur. Therefore, by defining the upper limit value of f, occurrence of inconvenience can be prevented beforehand.
（実施例） 以下に本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明す
る。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図はワーク研削開始時の状態を示す図、第２図
（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）はワークの揺動角度と接触部の周長及
びワークの揺動角度（送り速度）の関係を示す図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state at the start of work grinding, and FIGS. 2A and 2B show a relationship between a work swing angle, a circumferential length of a contact portion, and a work swing angle (feed speed). FIG.
ワーク（Ｗ）はスピンドルによって軸（Ｚ）廻りに
（Ｎ）rpmの回転数で回転せしめられ、またワーク
（Ｗ）は軸（Ｚ）を含む平面内において、その先端が
（Ｃ）点を中心とした半径（Ｒ）の円弧に沿って（ｆ）
mm/revの速度で砥石（Ｇ）に対して揺動し、砥石（Ｇ）
と接触する先端面を研削代（ｔ）だけ研削するようにし
ている。尚、研削はワーク（Ｗ）の軸（Ｚ）が研削面に
対して直角となった時点、つまり揺動角（θ）が０゜と
なった時点で完了するが、ワーク（Ｗ）の揺動範囲は揺
動角（θ）が０゜の位置を基準として例えば左右に35゜
ずつとする。この揺動範囲の大きさは揺動中心点（Ｃ）
をどの位置にするかで決まる。The work (W) is rotated around the axis (Z) at a rotation speed of (N) rpm by the spindle, and the tip of the work (W) is centered on the point (C) in a plane including the axis (Z). Along an arc of radius (R)
Oscillating with respect to the grinding wheel (G) at the speed of mm / rev, the grinding wheel (G)
Is ground by the grinding allowance (t). The grinding is completed when the axis (Z) of the work (W) is perpendicular to the ground surface, that is, when the swing angle (θ) becomes 0 °. The moving range is, for example, 35 ° left and right with respect to the position where the swing angle (θ) is 0 °. The size of this swing range is the swing center point (C)
Is determined by the position.
ところで従来にあっては前記揺動速度（ｆ）を一定と
して研削を行っていたが、本発明にあっては揺動速度
（ｆ）を変数として研削を行う。そして揺動速度（ｆ）
は研削率つまりワーク１回転当りの研削面積が揺動角
（θ）にかかわらず常に一定になるように変化せしめ
る。ワークの揺動速度（ｆ）を変化せしめる手段として
はカム機構、シリンダユニット或いはNC制御等を採用す
る。By the way, in the related art, grinding is performed with the swing speed (f) being constant, but in the present invention, grinding is performed with the swing speed (f) as a variable. And the swing speed (f)
Is changed so that the grinding rate, that is, the grinding area per one rotation of the work, is always constant regardless of the swing angle (θ). As a means for changing the swing speed (f) of the work, a cam mechanism, a cylinder unit, NC control, or the like is employed.
次に揺動速度（ｆ）の具体的な算出方法を述べる。 Next, a specific calculation method of the swing speed (f) will be described.
先ずワーク１回転当りの平均加工面積を（A1）とす
る。（A1）はワーク加工総面積（先端部の面積）を純加
工時間内のワーク回転数で除することで得られる。First, the average processing area per rotation of the work is defined as (A 1 ). (A 1 ) is obtained by dividing the total work area of the work (the area of the tip) by the number of rotations of the work within the pure working time.
一方、揺動角（θ）における接触部の周長（Ｌ）mmは
以下の式から算出される。On the other hand, the peripheral length (L) mm of the contact portion at the swing angle (θ) is calculated from the following equation.
Ｌ＝２πRsinθ …… そして、このときのワーク１回転当りの加工面積（A
2）は以下の式で表される。L = 2πRsinθ ... And the machining area (A
2) is represented by the following equation.
A2≒Lf（mm2） …… 本発明にあってはA1＝A2とすることが要旨であるので
A1＝A2とすると、 A1＝Lf（mm2） …… したがって、 ｆ＝A1/L＝A1/2πRsinθ …… （０゜＜θ＜90゜） ただし単純に式のみから（ｆ）を求めると揺動角が
０゜に近づくと（ｆ）は増大し、第３図に示すように研
削面に段差（ΔＨ）が出来るため、揺動速度（ｆ）は要
求加工面精度（面粗さ等）に対する段差（ΔＨ）を考慮
した上で設定するのが好ましい。A 2 ≒ Lf (mm 2 )… In the present invention, it is essential that A1 = A2.
When A1 = A2, A 1 = Lf (mm 2) ...... Therefore, f = A 1 / L = A 1 / 2πRsinθ ...... (0 ° <theta <90 °) but simply only from equation (f) When the swing angle approaches 0 °, (f) increases, and a step (ΔH) is formed on the ground surface as shown in FIG. 3, so that the swing speed (f) is reduced to the required machining surface accuracy (surface roughness). It is preferable to set in consideration of the step (ΔH) with respect to the height.
ここで段差（ΔＨ）と揺動速度の上限値（fmax）との
関係は以下の式から算出される。Here, the relationship between the step (ΔH) and the upper limit value (f max ) of the swing speed is calculated from the following equation.
よってfmaxは 以上の如くして例えばＲ＝20（mm）、段差ΔＨ＝0.5
μ（面粗さ公差内）のワーク（Ｗ）のfmaxは ≒0.28（mm/rev）となり、この時の揺動角（θ）と揺動
速度との関係を求めたのが第４図のブラフである。 So f max is As described above, for example, R = 20 (mm), step ΔH = 0.5
f max of work (W) with μ (within surface roughness tolerance) ≒ 0.28 (mm / rev), and the relationship between the swing angle (θ) and the swing speed at this time was determined by the bluff in FIG.
第５図及び第６図は本発明の応用例を示す図である。 FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are diagrams showing application examples of the present invention.
即ち、第１実施例にあってはワーク（Ｗ）と砥石
（Ｇ）との接触部が変化しないため、当該接触分におい
て砥石が摩耗したり、肌荒れが生じ加工精度が低下す
る。That is, in the first embodiment, since the contact portion between the work (W) and the grindstone (G) does not change, the grindstone is worn or the surface is roughened in the contact portion, and the processing accuracy is reduced.
そこで、第５図に示す実施例にあっては、ワーク
（Ｗ）を左右方向に直線動せしめつつ研削するように
し、砥石（Ｇ）のワーク（Ｗ）との接触部を広げてい
る。Thus, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the work (W) is ground while moving linearly in the left-right direction, and the contact portion of the grindstone (G) with the work (W) is widened.
また第６図に示す実施例にあっては、１個又は所定数
のワーク毎に研削開始位置を少しずつずらすようにした
ものである。尚、第５図及び第６図に示す実施例にあっ
ては砥石の方を移動してもよい。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the grinding start position is slightly shifted by one or a predetermined number of works. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the grindstone may be moved.
（発明の効果） 以上に説明した通り本発明は、A1/2πRsinθ＝ｆの式
に基づいて、研削砥石に対するワークの相対的な揺動速
度ｆを制御することで、揺動角度θに拘らず研削率が一
定にすることができ、研削砥石が異常に摩耗したり、研
削焼けや割れの発生する虞れが無い。従って、高精度に
短時間のうちに研削加工を行える。なお、A1/2πRsinθ
＝ｆではθが０に近づくとsinθも０に近づき、ｆが過
大となり種々の不都合が発生する。そこで、ｆの上限値
を規定したので、不都合の発生を未然に防止することが
できる。安定した研削加工が持続できる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention controls the relative swing speed f of the work with respect to the grinding wheel based on the formula of A1 / 2πRsinθ = f, regardless of the swing angle θ. The grinding rate can be kept constant, and there is no fear that the grinding wheel will be abnormally worn or burnt or cracked. Therefore, grinding can be performed with high accuracy in a short time. A1 / 2πRsinθ
In the case of = f, when θ approaches 0, sin θ also approaches 0, f becomes excessive and various inconveniences occur. Then, since the upper limit value of f is specified, occurrence of inconvenience can be prevented beforehand. Stable grinding can be sustained.
第１図は本発明方法によってワークを研削する際の研削
開始点を示す図、第２図（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）はワークの揺
動角度と接触部の周長及びワーク揺動角度との関係を示
す図、第３図はワーク先端の拡大図、第４図はワーク揺
動角とワーク揺動速度との関係を示すグラフ、第５図及
び第６図は応用例を示す第１図と同様の図である。 尚、図面中Ｗは棒状ワーク、Ｇは研削砥石、Ｚはワーク
回転軸、Ｃはワークの揺動中心点、Ｒは揺動半径（球面
の半径）、θは揺動角、ｆは揺動速度である。FIG. 1 is a view showing a grinding start point when grinding a workpiece by the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (A) and (B) show the relationship between the swing angle of the workpiece, the peripheral length of the contact portion and the workpiece swing angle. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the tip of the work, FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the work swing angle and the work swing speed, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are application examples of FIG. FIG. In the drawings, W is a bar-shaped work, G is a grinding wheel, Z is a work rotation axis, C is a work swing center point, R is a swing radius (radius of a spherical surface), θ is a swing angle, and f is a swing angle. Speed.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭58−126054（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−52246（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B24B 11/00 B24B 13/00 B24B 13/04 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-58-12654 (JP, A) JP-A-60-52246 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) B24B 11/00 B24B 13/00 B24B 13/04
Claims (1)
面を有する棒状ワークの先端を研削砥石に押しつけ、先
端から距離Ｒの点を中心にワークの先端を研削砥石に対
して相対的に揺動させることで先端の球面を加工するに
際し、先端の加工面積を加工するに要するワークの予定
総回転数で除することでワーク１回転当りの平均加工面
積A1を決め、前記距離Ｒを揺動半径とし、その揺動角度
をθとしたときに、A1/2πRsinθ＝ｆの式に基づいて、
研削砥石に対するワークの相対的な揺動速度ｆを制御す
ることで、揺動角度θに拘らず研削率が一定になるよう
にした球面研削方法において、 要求加工精度をΔＨとしたときに、 で得られる値を前記揺動速度ｆの上限値にして、前記揺
動速度ｆを制御することを特徴とした球面研削方法。1. A tip of a rod-shaped workpiece having a spherical surface with a radius R at its tip is pressed against a grinding wheel, and the tip of the workpiece is centered on a point at a distance R from the tip with respect to the grinding wheel. When machining the spherical surface at the tip by relatively swinging, the average machining area A1 per work rotation is determined by dividing the machining area at the tip by the planned total number of rotations of the work required for machining. When R is a swing radius and the swing angle is θ, based on the formula of A1 / 2πRsinθ = f,
By controlling the relative swing speed f of the workpiece with respect to the grinding wheel, the spherical grinding method in which the grinding rate is constant regardless of the swing angle θ, when the required machining accuracy is ΔH, Wherein the value obtained in (1) is set as the upper limit of the swing speed f, and the swing speed f is controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1140901A JP2878311B2 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-06-02 | Spherical grinding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1140901A JP2878311B2 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-06-02 | Spherical grinding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0310752A JPH0310752A (en) | 1991-01-18 |
| JP2878311B2 true JP2878311B2 (en) | 1999-04-05 |
Family
ID=15279435
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1140901A Expired - Fee Related JP2878311B2 (en) | 1989-06-02 | 1989-06-02 | Spherical grinding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2878311B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112658875A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-16 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Spherical grinding method for centripetal thrust bearing ring with end surface orthodrome |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58126054A (en) * | 1982-01-25 | 1983-07-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Multispindle semi-sphere grinder |
| JPS6052246A (en) * | 1983-09-01 | 1985-03-25 | Mabuchi Shoten:Kk | Polishing machine |
-
1989
- 1989-06-02 JP JP1140901A patent/JP2878311B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0310752A (en) | 1991-01-18 |
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