JP2820936B2 - How to grow honenoki - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a new variety of edible enoki mushrooms, and isolates a strain produced by mutation from a long-standing normal white variety by tissue cultivation. The present invention relates to a method for cultivating a honeki mushroom using a fungi species of honoki brown JN-B-001, which can be industrially produced by dark room cultivation, fixed by repeated culture. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventional natural growing mushrooms grow slightly under natural light, so their color is slightly brown, and their shape is slightly larger than that of artificial cultivation. However, it is well known that when enoki mushrooms are artificially cultivated, fungal bed cultivation is performed in a dark room at a low temperature and the color is small with a white umbrella with a thin stem. On the other hand, products similar to native Enoki mushrooms have also been developed, and technology has been developed to efficiently produce brown Enoki mushrooms, but the bacterial species is the same as white Enoki mushrooms, but only by changing the culture conditions The color of the mushroom was changed, and the shape of the enoki mushroom could not be changed. [Means for Solving the Problems] Honenoki Brown JN-B-
The original species of 001, from the huge number of cultivation bottles of white enoki mushrooms, 25 years of cultivation history of the inventor, for the first time this time about half of the normal white enoki mushroom culture bed turned brown on one side,
In addition, it is due to a new bacterial species found to grow into an umbrella having a size several to several tens of times. Unlike the fungus species of natural enoki mushrooms, this funenoki brown JN-B-001 strain grows brown even in a dark culture that is not originally colored, and after three repeated cultures, Also, no change in the morphology was observed, and stable reproducibility was observed. Based on the rules of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry Notification No. 178 of 1981, the bacteria were deposited with the "Microorganisms and Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center" (deposit number, No. 9688, FERM P-9688). In other words, this Honoki Brown JN-B-001 is
A large umbrella with a brownish brown stem, thick stem and concave center in a dark room cultivation was isolated by tissue culture from a strain of white mushrooms parented by mutation from a normal white variety, and fixed by repeated culture. Have The inventor of the present invention has defined the depositor identification as "honenoki brown JN-B-001" and deposited a new strain, as described above. At present, colored mushrooms cannot be obtained in a dark room from the fungi of white mushrooms. [Example] Honenoki Brown JN- by the cultivation method according to the present invention
The process of fixing varieties by repetitive culture in B-001 will be described in detail below. The present inventor has been engaged in the cultivation, production and sales of enoki mushrooms since 1963, and the amount of production has now reached about 26,000 kg per month. In the meantime, the company has been working on improving the varieties of enoki mushrooms, and has been supplying the market with high quality thick and white long-lasting enoki mushrooms that meet the needs of the market. In the course of such an improvement study, the honenoki brown JN-B-001 of the present invention was one of a huge enoki mushroom cultivation bottle of about 30 million since the start of cultivation, and about
Table 1 shows the time lapse from the brown enoki mushroom to the confirmation of reproducibility of repetition, which occurred in a half area, and the state at the time of confirmation is as shown in FIG. The outline of the process of determining the cultivation method of the honoki brown JN-B-001 of the present invention will be described as follows. In a polyethylene bottle with a bottle diameter of 70 mm and a bottle capacity of 1400 cc, mix as the ogre medium a hardwood sawdust 3 and rice bran 1 in a volume ratio, add lime powder and water and mix to PH 7.2 to 7.4, water content 65
%, Packed with paper, steam sterilized at 120 ° C, cooled to about 15 ° C, and inoculated. Then 15 ℃
Culture the mycelium in a dark room for 25 days, scrape the surface and transfer to a germination room, and germinate at about 12 ° C for 10 days. Next, it is moved to a suppression room. Over a period of 10 days in a dark place, we hang about 200,000 bottles of paper. At this point, only one bottle in a large number of white agates has a part of its surface browned. An abnormal occurrence of the enoki mushrooms exhibiting this was observed. Fig. 1 is a sketch at that time, about half of the bottle mouth (1) is a normal white enoki mushroom (2), and the other half is a brownish-brown umbrella of about 1 yen aluminum coin size. It was a brown mushroom (3) with a stem about the thickness of a pencil. In the cultivation method of the present invention, tissue culture of the brown mushroom (3) was performed by the following method. That is, 300 cc of water is added to 50 g of an agar medium that can be purely cultivated and shredded onions, boiled down and filtered to obtain a broth of about 100 cc, and sugar 2
0 g, agar 15 g, water 420 cc, soy sauce 15 g, heat and dissolve 5
15 cc was placed in a 0 cc test tube, and sterilized at 100 ° C. under normal pressure for 3 days to prepare. The tissue of brown mushroom (3) was transplanted to the agar medium formed in the above test tube, covered with a cotton plug, and cultured at 15 ° C. for 15 days. Moved to The medium seed medium was cultured in a 500 cc glass bottle containing the above-mentioned ogre medium, left in a 15 ° C constant temperature room for 25 days, and cultured.
Inoculate the ogre medium in a 1400 cc polyethylene cultivation bottle,
After 30 days, the bacteria were scraped and the development test was started. At the time of germination, the entire bed had already been colored, and the umbrellas were large, completely unusually different from those of conventional white granules. Aside from the natural native enoki mushrooms, enoki mushrooms must be exposed to sunlight, incandescent or fluorescent lights to make them brown, but this is the first time they have been colored in a dark room culture. It was an experience. At present, ordinary enoki mushrooms are considered to be of good quality in white and thin, so that all artificial cultivation is generally performed in a dark room without any light, and germinates and suppresses and grows. Irrespective of such dark-room cultivation, umbrellas and stems were obtained, which were vividly colored brown and had a size several times larger than that of conventional umbrellas. And the center of the umbrella is dented,
Significant differences were also found in the shape. This dent is unique to this variety, which is not found in natural enoki mushrooms (No.
4,5). The coloration was confirmed for the third time on November 2, 1987, and the same process was followed as for the second time. Therefore, by the cultivation method of the present invention, complete cultivar fixation of brown enoki mushrooms can be achieved.
B-001 ". According to the cultivation method of the present invention, "Honenoki Brown JN-B"
-001 '' is a new breed of brown enoki mushrooms that is delicious as well as chewy, crisp and tasteful as edible enoki mushrooms. It is suitable for industrial production.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sketch diagram 10 days after germination of bacteria when a new species is confirmed. 2 to 5 are recorded photographs showing germination and growth during the second tissue culture, and FIG. 2 shows bacterial germination.
The state after 10 days is shown, wherein the upper two bottles are those of the honenoki brown JN-B-001 according to the cultivation method of the present invention, and the lower two bottles are those of the conventional enoki mushroom 10 days after germination. FIG. 3 is a comparison between the one shown in FIG. 2 and a conventional enoki mushroom just before harvesting. FIG. 4 shows “Honenoki Brown JN−” obtained by the cultivation method of the present invention.
Five days before the harvest of “B-001”, FIG. 5 is just before the harvest. (1) bottle mouth, (2) white enoki mushroom (conventional) (3) brown enoki mushroom ("honenoki brown JN-B-001" according to the cultivation method of the present invention)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] Honoki Brown JN-B with white enoki mushroom as parent
It has a large umbrella that is brownish, has thick stems, and has a depressed center if it is prolonged, characterized by cultivation of fungal beds in a dark room using a bacterial species of -001 (Microtechnical Laboratories No. 9688) ,
How to grow honoki.