KR100395423B1 - The novel pleurotus nebrodensis-k7 and the culture method for thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to Emperor cypress- K7 (KCTC 0976BP), which is a superior variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis, and its cultivation method.

Greater than the common emperor larvae, the size of fruiting bodies and stems is greater than twice the size of the traditional echidna ( P. eryngii ), white, rich in meat, and soft in tissue, with good taste and aroma. This is provided, and the culture conditions and methods for the strain characteristics of the present invention is provided.

Description

Pleurotus eryngii-mythology and its cultivation method {THE NOVEL PLEUROTUS NEBRODENSIS-K7 AND THE CULTURE METHOD FOR THEREOF}

The present invention relates to Emperor cypress-K7 , which is a superior species of Pleurotus nebrodensis , and its cultivation method.

Emperor cluster is a kind of fungi belonging to the oyster mushrooms and (Pleurotaceae) oyster mushroom genus (Pleurotus) of the Basidiomycetes, fruiting body is white or the largest flavors from ttimyeo pale-back gray consideration large edible fungi than fresh and smell and good meat quality .

Pleurotus sp. Has been harvested wild from dead trees of various hardwoods for a long time and has been artificially cultivating a significant amount of production.

Oyster mushrooms are classified according to their classification criteria, and about 30 species are known throughout the world.

27 species of oyster mushrooms classified by NCBI in the US are shown in Table 1. In the US ATCC, a microorganism depositing institution, in addition to the species classified by NCBI, P. mutilis , P. serotius , and Pacekeria Pseudo ( P. passekerianus ) is added and registered.

On the other hand, P. nebrodensis was previously classified as P. eryngii in the genus Pleurotus eryngii , but its size and genetic properties are different. It is classified as a species (中國 農業 出版社, 福建 食用菌, 2001.1), and in China, it is called as a white horse or baekyounggo, but there is still no Korean name, so the present inventors have the characteristics of the size and shape It was named 'Emperor Song'.

In Korea, 9 varieties of Pleurotus ( P. ostreatus ), 2 varieties of P. sajor-caju , 2 varieties of P. floridanus , and 1 P. eryngii Varieties are grown and sold for food.

Existing oyster mushrooms also have good meat and flavor, but better development of new varieties is required.

Table 1. Species of Pleurotus eryngii

Pleurotus abalonus Pleurotus abieticola Pleurotus calyptratus Pleurotus citrinopileatus Pleurotus columbinus Pleurotus cornucopiae (cornucopia mushroom) Pleurotus cystidiosus Pleurotus djamor Pleurotus dryinus Pleurotus eryngii Pleurotus euosmus Pleurotus flabellatus Pleurotus floridanus Pleurotus fossulatus Pleurotus lampas Pleurotus levis Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) Pleurotus aff. ostreatus Pleurotus populinus Pleurotus pulmonarius Pleurotus purpureoolivaceus Pleurotus rattenburyi Pleurotus sajor-caju Pleurotus sapidus Pleurotus smithii Pleurotus tuberregium Pleurotus sp. GI766

* NCBI, Taxonomy Structure, Pleurotus, 2001. 2

Meanwhile, cultivation methods of oyster mushrooms include Korean patent application 1983-0003049 (fermented rice straw fermentation method for cultivating oyster mushrooms) and Korean patent application 10-1997-004316 (cultivation method of oyster mushrooms using paper by-products). The present invention relates to a method of cultivating mushrooms, and is not a method of cultivating mushrooms according to the characteristics of a particular species of oyster mushroom.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new strain having a larger size and better quality than the known mushrooms.

In addition, the present invention seeks to find the optimal conditions for growing newly selected mushrooms and to provide the method of cultivation.

Figure 1 is a photograph of the Emperor pine-K7 (KCTC0976) of the present invention

Figure 2 is a DNA band comparison picture of Emperor pine-K7 of the present invention

Figure 3 is a cultivation photo of Emperor Song-K7 of the present invention

Figure 4 is a photograph containing the emperor pine-K7 of the present invention in a paper box

The present invention is characterized by Emperor pine-K7 (KCTC 0976BP), which is a superior breed of Emperor pine.

It also provides a cultivation method according to the cultivation characteristics of the emperor matsutake.

The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of conducting research over various regions for a long time in order to develop a novel oyster mushroom variety which is larger in size than the known oyster mushroom, and has excellent meat quality and taste.

Selection process of the new strain of Emperor Hwangsong-K7 according to the present invention is as follows.

Ninety- five strains of P. nebrodensis , native to the rotten roots of the medicinal herb, Ferula assatoetida , were collected from five reflective zones in Tianshan, Xinjiang .

35 weeks were selected visually by observing the size and growth of the collected Emperor clusters. Thirty-five weeks were selected and 13 weeks were selected based on mycelial growth, mycelial density, bacterial incidence, and mushroom yield.

13 weeks of the second selection was incubated, and again four weeks were selected as the excellent candidates, and then cultured again for selection.

As shown in Table 2, the main characteristics of the four strains of the candidate strain were higher mycelial growth length and higher mycelial density, higher incidence rate and higher yield than the other strains.

Table 2. Main Characteristics of Emperor Strains by Strain

Strain number Mycelial growth length (mm / 14 days) Mycelial density Occurrence rate (%) (G /) of individuals Mushroom quantity (g / pot) K1 20 ++ 2 210 315 K3 14 ++ 2 170 255 K7 45 ++++ 0 320 480 K12 31 +++ 3 240 360

As for the cultivation characteristics of the four strains of the candidate strains, as shown in Table 3, compared to other strains, the K7 strains had shorter days of initiation until the first mushrooms occurred after the inoculation of the strains in the medium, and had a shorter diameter and length, It was heavy and was excellent.

Table 3. Cultivational Characteristics of Emperor Matsutake

Strain number Mycelial culture period (days) Days to begin Shade diameter (mm) Large length (mm) Quantity (g / pot) K1 42 84 40-54 70-125 325 K3 45 89 38-52 65-110 275 K7 39 83 40-50 75-135 480 K12 43 96 37-45 75-120 365 Great sedge 31 45 20 to 41 45-70 95

As mentioned above, Hwang-Jesong-K7, a strain superior to other Hwang-song, was selected for mycelial growth, mycelial density, bacterial incidence rate, and mushroom yield, and the Korea Biotechnology Research Institute, Gene Bank, a microbial international deposit institution for patent application. The deposit was made on February 29 with KCTC 0976BP.

The morphological characteristics of the selected Emperor Song-K7 are shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4 Morphological Characteristics of Emperor Song-K7

Mushroom area Size (mm) Remarks Lampshade diameter 40-50 Thickly attached to center of stem and eccentric Each thickness 10 to 38 The tip of the shade is thin, but the thicker the center Large length 75-135 Stand is white and stretches straight Large diameter 32 to 43 Thick belt with soft elasticity

* Figures are average of 50 fruiting bodies

On the other hand, the DNA band of the Emperor pine-K7 represents a band distinguished from the Great Flock or Great King Pine-K9 known as the late species, as shown in FIG.

Emperor Song-K7, as shown in Figure 2, formed a unique band different from genetically large locust mushroom in DNA analysis. In other words, the Greater Oyster mushroom has a total number of bands, of which two large bands are formed in the center and one in the lower layer, while the Emperor cypress is formed in a total of 13 and the large bands are formed only in the center. Showed.

The cultural characteristics of the selected Emperor Song-K7 were as follows.

(1) Optimum medium of Emperor pine-K7

The best medium for mycelial growth of Emperor pine-K7 is the one added with yeast + malt + sugar + calcium carbonate and the medium prepared with potato extract + sugar + calcium carbonate as shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Comparison of Mycelial Growth of Emperor Song-K7 by Different Media Types

Badge type Mycelial growth length (mm / 14 days) Mycelial density Mycelial state Yeast + Malt + Sugar + Calcium Carbonate 32 +++ Good Potato Extract + Sugar + Calcium Carbonate 40 +++ Good Willow Sawdust + Italian Poplar 18 ++ Good Oak sawdust 10 + usually

(2) Mycelial culture temperature

As shown in Table 6, the temperature is slightly lower than 25 ℃ compared to the normal culture temperature of mushrooms.

Table 6. Investigation of Mycelial Growth by Potentiation Temperature in Potato Extract Medium

Culture temperature (℃) Mycelial growth length (mm / 14 days) Mycelial density Mycelial Growth 15 42 +++ usually 20 61 +++ usually 25 75 ++++ Good 30 75 +++ usually 35 34 ++ Bad

(3) Optimal pH for mycelial culture

As a result of the liquid culture, it is the best at pH 5.5-6.5 as shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Mycelial Growth by pH in Potato Extract Medium

PH (pH) Mycobacterium Crab (mg / 18 days) Culture 4.5 41 Tuber formation 5.0 60 Bad 5.5 72 Good 6.0 75 Good 6.5 74 Good 7.0 46 usually

(4) optimal carbon source

The biggest influence on mushroom mycelial growth is the carbon source.

Table 8. Effect of Carbon Sources on Cultivation of Emperor Song-K7 Mycelia

Carbon source Mycobacterium Crab (mg / 20 days) Culture Glucose 32 Good Maltose 21 Good Sucrose 18 Good Dextrin 39 Good No treatment 6 Bad

(5) optimum nitrogen source

The best nitrogen source for mycelial growth of Emperor pine was L-Asparagine, as shown in Table 9.

Table 9. Effect of Nitrogen Source on Mycelial Culture

Nitrogen source Mycobacterium Crab (mg / 20 days) Mycelial state Urea 41 Good NH ₄ Cl 39 Good Casamin acid 52 Good L-Asparagine 43 Good No treatment 14 Bad

Hereinafter will be described the cultivation method of the Emperor Matsutake of the present invention

The cultivation of the Emperor pine can be done in various ways such as bottle cultivation, pot cultivation, fungus cultivation, etc. These cultivation methods have many similarities in basic medium production, sterilization and mycelial culture, but there are differences in management.

Therefore, in the present invention will be described on the basis of the vinyl pot growing method to describe the differences between each.

The entire cultivation process consists of (1) medium production, (2) media sterilization, (3) spawn inoculation and culture, (4) mushroom development control, and (5) mushroom growth management.

(1) medium production

The main material of the medium is a variety of materials with high fiber content, such as waste cotton, sawdust, crushed rice straw. However, in pot and bottle cultivation, cotton crust, sawdust, etc. are good among waste cotton, and in cotton or fungus cultivation, cotton wool, crushed rice straw are good. As a nutritional source, 20% of rice bran, corn cob (white corn), white sugar, and lime are added 1% each.

The medium moisture is 63 ~ 65%, which is a little low, and it is good to have a height of 100cm ~ 180cm in the open air, and then coated with vinyl to generate heat so that it is fermented at 60 ° C. for 7 days at high temperature. This softens the medium and evenly penetrates the moisture.

(2) medium sterilization

The medium made in (1) is put in a heat-resistant plastic bag or plastic bottle, and a stopper can be used for air circulation. In the case of fungus cultivation, it is granulated with vinyl on the surface of the fungus and recoated.

Moisture at this time is 65 to 68%, slightly higher than when the field fermentation.

The medium contained in various containers or vinyl pots is subjected to wet heat sterilization by steam. At this time, the holding temperature is carried out while exhausting for 2 hours at 98 ℃ 100 ℃ at 12 ℃, 121 ℃ at high pressure sterilization.

In normal cultivation, put vinyl on the lower layer, cover the upper layer, maintain at 60-65 ℃ for 24 hours, and then high temperature fermentation at 50-55 ℃ for 3-4 days so that there is no gas or odor in the medium.

(3) spawn inoculation and culture

Sterile vinyl pots are seeded on both sides and seeded only on the inlet surface of the bottle. In the case of fungal cultivation, the seed is mixed and inoculated, and then the vinyl is re-coated to prevent contamination of various germs.

At this time, the incubation temperature is important,

In the case of low temperature cultivation, the growth rate of mycelium is slow, but because the density of mycelium is dense and the mycelium can absorb various nutrient sources, it is advantageous. Incubate.

The air humidity of the culture room is 60 ~ 65%, and it is better to dry it a little. Indirect light is needed during the culture, which is characteristic of the Emperor matsutake.

(4) mushroom outbreak management

The characteristics of the Emperor cauliflower are characterized by the fact that mushroom development is slow and very difficult, and growers often fail in mushroom development. During the fungal development, even after the mycelial culture has been completed, it should be ripened again for 20 to 30 days with the vinyl or stopper covered.

The optimum temperature for mushrooms is 14 ℃ at night and 18 ℃ during the day, which gives 4 ℃ of change of temperature. The air humidity is maintained at 80 ~ 90% and the indirect light is supplied at 200 ~ 600lux.

In order to generate mushrooms, do not peel the vinyl from the vinyl pot or the fungus. If the above conditions are maintained for 10 to 15 days, the fruiting body like a walnut egg will be seen in the vinyl. Then, if you make a small plastic hole around it, it will grow there.

Alternatively, during mulching, vinyl mulching can also be cultivated, and at this time, the vinyl holes are drilled small with a diameter of 1-2 cm. Once mushrooms are generated, watering them or over-humidity condition will kill the mushrooms, so indirectly replenish humidity and provide ventilation.

(5) mushroom growth management

The generated mushrooms are kept at a low temperature of 10-14 ° C. while maintaining an air humidity of 80-90% and supplying indirect light at 300-800 lux.

The mushroom growth period takes about 20 days, during which time sufficient ventilation is provided and indirectly replenishes moisture rather than watering the pot surface directly.

If the mushroom shade grows large, increase the air humidity while reducing the ventilation amount, and if the temperature of the grower is high, the texture of the mushroom will be sluggish and the growth rate will be faster. In this case, lower the temperature below 14 ℃.

Hereinafter, the cultivation method of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples.

<Example>

(1) medium production

The main ingredients of the medium were 77 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of rice bran as nutrients, 1 kg of corn cob, white sugar, and lime, respectively, and evenly mixed with water.

The moisture of the medium is 63%, and it is slightly lowered, and the height is piled up 100cm in the open air, and then coated with vinyl to generate heat, and the medium is softened for 7 days at 60-65 ℃ to soften the medium and evenly penetrate moisture. It was made.

(2) medium sterilization

The produced medium was put in a plastic pot, and then wet heat sterilization was performed by steam.

At this time, according to the atmospheric sterilization method was carried out while maintaining the exhaust temperature for 12 hours while maintaining a temperature of 98 ~ 100 ℃.

(3) spawn inoculation and mycelial culture

Emperor Caesar-K7 spawn was inoculated on both sides of the sterilized vinyl pot.

After inoculation, the mycelial culture was kept at a low temperature of 20-22 ° C., and the air humidity of the culture chamber was kept at 60-65% to be slightly dried, and cultured for 39 days while supplying indirect light of 400 lux using a fluorescent lamp.

(4) mushroom outbreak management

After the mycelial culture is completed, the vinyl pot is not peeled off, and the mushrooms are kept at 14 ℃ for the day and 18 ℃ for 4 hours at room temperature. The air humidity is maintained at 80 ~ 90%. Indirect light on the order of lux was provided.

The above conditions were maintained for 12 days, and fruiting bodies, such as walnut eggs, were found in the vinyl. A small plastic hole was drilled around the place, causing it to grow there.

After the mushrooms were generated, they were indirectly supplemented with humidity and ventilated.

(5) mushroom growth management

After the mushrooms were generated, the generated mushrooms were kept at a low temperature of 10 to 14 ° C. while maintaining an air humidity of 80 to 90% and indirect light of about 500 lux.

The mushroom growth period took 20 days, during which time sufficient ventilation was provided and moisture was added indirectly without directly irrigating the pot surface.

In this way, a high quality emperor pine was harvested as shown in FIG.

By providing the newly developed Emperor Song-K7 in the present invention, the size of the fruiting body in the existing genus Pleurotuses is rich in meat, rich in texture, flexible in texture and good in flavor.

In addition, it is possible to produce a large amount of mushrooms of excellent quality by providing a cultivation method suitable for the characteristics of the Emperor pine-K7 of the present invention.

Claims (3)

Emperor matsutake-K7 (approximate accession number KCTC 0976BP) having a head diameter of fruiting body of 40-50 mm and a large length of 75-135 mm. In the cultivation method of Pleurotus nebrodensis , after spawn inoculation, the mycelial culture was incubated under indirect light of 200-500 lux while maintaining low temperature of 20-22 ° C. Giving a temperature of 4 ℃, the cultivation method of the Emperor matsutake, characterized in that to maintain the temperature of the generated mushrooms at a low 10 ~ 14 ℃. The method of cultivating the Emperor cluster according to claim 2, wherein the Emperor cluster is Emperor cluster-K7 (KCTC 0976BP).