JP2807767B2 - Waste treatment method and equipment - Google Patents

Waste treatment method and equipment

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Publication number
JP2807767B2
JP2807767B2 JP2088893A JP8889390A JP2807767B2 JP 2807767 B2 JP2807767 B2 JP 2807767B2 JP 2088893 A JP2088893 A JP 2088893A JP 8889390 A JP8889390 A JP 8889390A JP 2807767 B2 JP2807767 B2 JP 2807767B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
dust
waste
melting furnace
solid
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2088893A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH03286916A (en
Inventor
岳 藤井
武志 常深
光矢 山田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OOSAKA GASU KK
Original Assignee
OOSAKA GASU KK
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OOSAKA GASU KK filed Critical OOSAKA GASU KK
Priority to JP2088893A priority Critical patent/JP2807767B2/en
Publication of JPH03286916A publication Critical patent/JPH03286916A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2807767B2 publication Critical patent/JP2807767B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、下水汚泥、都市ゴミなどの各種廃棄物を溶
融炉でスラグ化し、その廃棄物のスラグ化処理過程で発
生する燃焼ガス中のダストを捕集して無害化する廃棄物
処理方法、並びに、その方法に使用する装置に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to slag of various wastes such as sewage sludge and municipal garbage in a melting furnace. The present invention relates to a waste treatment method for collecting and detoxifying dust and an apparatus used for the method.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

従来、有害金属、及び、アルカリ金属塩などの低沸点
金属を含むダストを、セメント固化して埋立処分してい
た。
Conventionally, dust containing harmful metals and low-boiling metals such as alkali metal salts has been solidified into cement and landfilled.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problems to be solved by the invention]

しかし、セメント固化及び埋立処分に多くの経費を必
要とし、かつ、埋立処分後にアルカリ金属塩類とセメン
トの反応により有害重金属が溶出する可能性があった。
However, solidification and landfill disposal of cement require a lot of expense, and harmful heavy metals may be eluted by a reaction between alkali metal salts and cement after landfill disposal.

本発明の目的は、廃棄物の処理経費を十分に削減で
き、安全性の高い廃棄物処理を確実に実行できるように
する点にある。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to make it possible to sufficiently reduce waste disposal costs and to reliably execute waste disposal with high safety.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means for solving the problem]

本発明の特徴手段は、 廃棄物をスラグ化する溶融炉、又は、その溶融炉に廃
棄物の焼却残渣を供給する焼却炉からの燃焼排ガス中の
ダストを、水で溶解処理して、溶解処理したダスト−水
混合物を固液分離処理し、その固液分離処理で得た固形
分を前記溶融炉でスラグ化し、前記固液分離処理で得た
水溶液を放水又は回収することにあり、その作用効果は
次の通りである。
Characteristic means of the present invention is a melting furnace for converting waste into a slag, or a flue gas from a flue gas from an incinerator for supplying an incineration residue of the waste to the melting furnace, by dissolving and treating the dust with water. Solid-liquid separation treatment of the resulting dust-water mixture, slagging the solids obtained in the solid-liquid separation treatment in the melting furnace, and discharging or collecting the aqueous solution obtained in the solid-liquid separation treatment. The effects are as follows.

〔作 用〕(Operation)

ダスト中の低沸点金属は、ほとんどがアルカリ金属塩
であるため95%以上水に溶け、また、ダスト中の有害金
属、SiO2、CaOなどは水に溶解しない。
Most of the low-boiling metals in dust are soluble in water at 95% or more because they are mostly alkali metal salts, and harmful metals, SiO 2 , CaO and the like in dust are not dissolved in water.

したがって、ダストを水で溶解処理し、ダスト−水混
合物を固液分離処理すると、スラグに固定されない低沸
点金属をほとんど含まないで、スラグへの移行率が95〜
100%と非常に高い有害重金属、SiO2、CaOなどを含む固
形分、並びに、有害重金属を含まないで、無害な低沸点
金属を含む水溶液が得られる。
Therefore, when the dust is dissolved in water and the dust-water mixture is subjected to solid-liquid separation, the low-boiling point metal not fixed to the slag is hardly contained, and the transfer rate to the slag is 95 to 90%.
A solid content containing extremely high harmful heavy metals, SiO 2 , CaO, etc. as high as 100%, and an aqueous solution containing no harmful heavy metals and harmless low-boiling metals can be obtained.

上述の固形分を溶融炉でスラグ化すると、固形分のほ
とんどをスラグ中に固定でき、そのスラグはガラス状物
質であるため有害重金属の溶出が全く無いものであり、
道路材、建設資材などとして全く安全に利用できる。ま
た、固形物中のCaO、SiO2が溶融炉において融点降下剤
として作用するため、溶融炉の運転経費を十分に節減で
きる。
When the above solids are converted into slag in a melting furnace, most of the solids can be fixed in the slag, and since the slag is a glassy substance, there is no elution of harmful heavy metals,
It can be used completely safely as road material and construction material. Further, since CaO and SiO 2 in the solid material act as a melting point depressant in the melting furnace, the operation cost of the melting furnace can be sufficiently reduced.

上述の水溶液はそのまま放流しても全く無害であり、
必要によっては、回収した水溶液からアルカリ金属を工
業用材料とし回収することも可能である。
The above aqueous solution is completely harmless even if it is discharged as it is,
If necessary, alkali metals can be recovered from the recovered aqueous solution as industrial materials.

〔発明の効果〕〔The invention's effect〕

要するに、ダストの無害化処理を、前述従来技術のセ
メント固化に比して、はるかに安価な水による溶解と固
液分離と再溶融によって実現でき、有害重金属の溶出が
全く無い安全性において優れた状態で実現でき、スラグ
の埋立処理を大幅に減少又は不要にでき、さらに、溶融
に要するエネルギー経費を十分に節減でき、水溶液から
有価物を回収することも可能であり、全体として、経済
性及び安全性において一段と優れた廃棄物処理方法を確
立できた。
In short, the detoxification treatment of dust can be realized by far less expensive dissolution with water, solid-liquid separation and re-melting compared to the above-mentioned prior art cement solidification, and it is excellent in safety with no elution of harmful heavy metals. It can be realized in a state, slag landfill processing can be significantly reduced or unnecessary, furthermore, the energy cost required for melting can be sufficiently reduced, and it is also possible to recover valuable resources from the aqueous solution, as a whole, economical and economical A more excellent waste treatment method was established in terms of safety.

また、そのような優れた廃棄物処理を実行するに便利
な、請求項2に記載の廃棄物処理装置を提供できるよう
になった。
Further, it is possible to provide a waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, which is convenient for executing such excellent waste treatment.

〔実施例1〕 第1図に示すように、下水汚泥などの廃棄物を混合成
型器(1)で成型した後、適当な搬送手段で溶融炉
(2)に供給して、溶融炉(2)において、廃棄物中の
可燃分を燃焼させると共に、不燃物を溶融してスラグ化
し、スラグを溶融炉(2)から水冷式や徐冷式のスラグ
回収装置(3)に送る。
[Example 1] As shown in Fig. 1, waste such as sewage sludge is molded by a mixing molding machine (1), and then supplied to a melting furnace (2) by an appropriate conveying means. In), the combustibles in the waste are burned, and the incombustibles are melted to form slag, and the slag is sent from the melting furnace (2) to a water-cooled or gradually cooled slag recovery device (3).

溶融炉(2)からの排ガス路(4)に設けた乾式電気
集塵機(5)により燃焼廃ガス中のダストを捕集する。
尚、(6)は溶融炉(2)に供給する燃焼用空気の予熱
器であり、(7)は廃熱ボイラである。
Dust in the combustion waste gas is collected by a dry electric dust collector (5) provided in an exhaust gas path (4) from the melting furnace (2).
Incidentally, (6) is a preheater for combustion air supplied to the melting furnace (2), and (7) is a waste heat boiler.

電気集塵機(5)で回収したダストを適当な搬送手段
で水洗兼ろ過器(8)に供給し、水洗兼ろ過器(8)に
おいて、ダストを水で溶解処理して、ダスト中のNa、
K、Sを95%以上水側に移行させ、溶解処理したダスト
−水混合物を固液分離処理する。尚、溶解処理において
重量比でダスト1に対して水10程度の割合が望ましく、
また、一般にダストの50重量%以上は水側に移行する。
The dust collected by the electric precipitator (5) is supplied to the washing and filtering device (8) by a suitable transporting means, and the dust is dissolved in water in the washing and filtering device (8), so that Na in the dust,
K and S are transferred to the water side by 95% or more, and the dissolved dust-water mixture is subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment. In addition, in the dissolution treatment, a ratio of about 10 parts of water to one part dust is desirable by weight,
Generally, more than 50% by weight of the dust migrates to the water side.

固液分離処理で得た有害重金属、SiO2、CaOなどを含
む固形分を、適当な搬送手段で混合成型器(1)に送
り、水分40〜50%に調整された下水汚泥などの廃棄物と
固形分を混合形型器(1)で処理した後、溶融炉(2)
に固形分を成型物として供給してスラグ化する。この
時、スラグへの移行率はSiO2及びCaOで95〜100%、有害
重金属でほぼ100%になる。
The solids containing harmful heavy metals, SiO 2 , CaO, etc. obtained by the solid-liquid separation treatment are sent to the mixing and molding machine (1) by a suitable transport means, and waste such as sewage sludge adjusted to a water content of 40 to 50%. And solids are treated in a mixing mold (1) and then melted (2)
The solid content is supplied as a molded product into slag. At this time, the transfer rate to slag is 95 to 100% for SiO 2 and CaO, and almost 100% for harmful heavy metals.

溶融炉(2)で得たスラグは、有害金属の溶出が無く
て強度の大きいガラス状になり、必要に応じて道路材、
建設資材などに有効利用できる。
The slag obtained in the melting furnace (2) becomes a glass with high strength without leaching of harmful metals.
It can be used effectively for construction materials.

固液分離処理で得た水溶液は、無害であるためそのま
ま放水又は回収手段(9)で処理でき、必要に応じて水
溶液からKなどの工業用原料を回収できる。
Since the aqueous solution obtained by the solid-liquid separation treatment is harmless, it can be directly discharged or treated by the recovery means (9), and industrial materials such as K can be recovered from the aqueous solution as needed.

〔実施例2〕 次に、第2図により第2実施例を示すが、上述の第1
実施例と同様の処理を行う設備については、参照番号を
一致させて説明を省略する。
Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
For the equipment that performs the same processing as in the embodiment, the description is omitted by matching the reference numerals.

電気集塵機(5)に代えて水洗式スクラバー(10)を
設け、燃焼排ガス中に撒水してダストの回収と溶解処理
を一挙に行い、水洗兼ろ過器(8)に代えてろ過器(1
1)を設け、スクラバー(10)からのダスト−水混合物
を固液分離処理する。
A water-washing scrubber (10) is provided in place of the electric dust collector (5), and water is collected in the flue gas to collect and dissolve the dust at once. A filter (1) is used instead of the water-washing and filtering device (8).
1) is provided, and the dust-water mixture from the scrubber (10) is subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment.

〔実施例3〕 次に、第3図により第3実施例を示すが、上述の第1
実施例と同様の処理を行う設備については、参照番号を
一致させて説明を省略する。
Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
For the equipment that performs the same processing as in the embodiment, the description is omitted by matching the reference numerals.

溶融炉(2)に廃棄物の焼却残渣を供給する焼却炉
(12)を付加し、電気集塵機(5)を焼却炉(12)から
の焼却排ガス路(13)に配置し、焼却炉(12)からの燃
焼排ガスから回収したダストを処理する。尚、予熱器
(6)からの空気は溶融炉(2)及び焼却炉(12)の一
方又は両方に供給する。
An incinerator (12) for supplying the incineration residue of waste is added to the melting furnace (2), and an electric dust collector (5) is arranged in an incineration exhaust gas path (13) from the incinerator (12). The dust collected from the flue gas from (1) is processed. The air from the preheater (6) is supplied to one or both of the melting furnace (2) and the incinerator (12).

〔実施例4〕 次に、第4図により第4実施例を示すが、上述の第2
実施例と同様の処理を行う設備については、参照番号を
一致させて説明を省略する。
Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
For the equipment that performs the same processing as in the embodiment, the description is omitted by matching the reference numerals.

溶融炉(2)に廃棄物の焼却残渣を供給する焼却炉
(12)を付加し、スクラバー(10)を焼却炉(12)から
の燃焼排ガス路(13)に配置し、焼却炉(12)からの燃
焼排ガスから回収したダストを処理する。尚、予熱器
(6)からの空気は溶融炉(2)及び焼却炉(12)の一
方又は両方に供給する。
An incinerator (12) for supplying waste incineration residue is added to the melting furnace (2), and a scrubber (10) is arranged in the flue gas passage (13) from the incinerator (12). Treats the dust collected from the flue gas from coal. The air from the preheater (6) is supplied to one or both of the melting furnace (2) and the incinerator (12).

〔別実施例〕(Another embodiment)

次に別実施例を説明する。 Next, another embodiment will be described.

廃棄物の種類は如何なるものでもよく、廃棄物によっ
ては混合成型器(1)を省略して、廃棄物と固形分を各
別に、望ましくは固形分を成型して溶融炉(2)に投入
してもよい。
Any kind of waste may be used, and depending on the waste, the mixing and molding machine (1) may be omitted, and the waste and solids may be separately separated, preferably solids may be molded and put into the melting furnace (2). You may.

溶融炉(2)の型式は、例えばコークスベッド式、反
射炉式などの燃焼型、あるいは、アーク式などの非燃焼
型の公知のものから適当に選定できる。
The type of the melting furnace (2) can be appropriately selected from known combustion types such as a coke bed type and a reverberatory type, and non-combustion types such as an arc type.

焼却炉(12)の型式はストーカ式、浮遊流動式など公
知のものから適当に選定できる。
The type of the incinerator (12) can be appropriately selected from known types such as a stoker type and a floating flow type.

燃焼排ガス中のダストを捕集するに、遠心分離機など
公知の適当な手段を利用でき、それらをダスト捕集器
(5,10)と総称する。
Known suitable means such as a centrifugal separator can be used to collect dust in the combustion exhaust gas, and these are collectively referred to as dust collectors (5, 10).

ダストを水に溶解処理させるに、各種公知の溶解装置
を利用でき、それらをダスト溶解手段(8,10)と総称す
る。
Various known dissolving devices can be used to dissolve the dust in water, and these are collectively referred to as dust dissolving means (8, 10).

ダスト−水混合物を固液分離処理するに、例えば遠心
式などの各種公知の分離装置を利用でき、それらを分離
手段(8,11)と総称する。
For the solid-liquid separation treatment of the dust-water mixture, various known separation devices such as a centrifugal type can be used, and these are collectively referred to as separation means (8, 11).

ダスト捕集器(5,10)から溶融炉(2)に固形分を還
元供給するために、ダスト、ダスト−水混合物、固形分
の搬送に利用する搬送手段、並びに、分離手段からの水
溶液を放水又は回収するための手段は、公知のものを適
当に利用できる。
In order to reduce and supply the solid content from the dust collector (5, 10) to the melting furnace (2), the transport means used for transporting the dust, the dust-water mixture and the solid content, and the aqueous solution from the separation means are used. As a means for discharging or collecting water, a known means can be appropriately used.

尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を便利にする
為に符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は添付図面の構
造に限定されるものではない。
In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the attached drawings.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は本発明の第1実施例を示すフローシート、第2
図は本発明の第2実施例を示すフローシート、第3図は
本発明の第3実施例を示すフローシート、第4図は本発
明の第4実施例を示すフローシートである。 (2)……溶融炉、(4),(13)……燃焼排ガス路、
(5,10)……ダスト捕集器、(8,10)……ダスト溶解手
段、(8,11)……分離手段、(12)……焼却炉。
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a flow sheet showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a flow sheet showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flow sheet showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. (2) ... melting furnace, (4), (13) ... flue gas path,
(5,10) Dust collector, (8,10) Dust melting means, (8,11) Separation means, (12) Incinerator.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−80423(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6,DB名) F23J 1/00 F23G 7/00 103 B09B 3/00 303──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-80423 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) F23J 1/00 F23G 7/00 103 B09B 3 / 00 303

Claims (2)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】廃棄物を溶融炉(2)でスラグ化し、その
廃棄物のスラグ化処理過程で発生する燃焼ガス中のダス
トを捕集して無害化する廃棄物処理方法であって、 前記ダストを水で溶解処理して、溶解処理したダスト−
水混合物を固液分離処理し、 その固液分離処理で得た固形分を前記溶融炉(2)でス
ラグ化し、 前記固液分離処理で得た水溶液を放水又は回収する廃棄
物処理方法。
1. A waste treatment method for slagging waste in a melting furnace (2) and collecting and detoxifying dust in combustion gas generated in the process of slag conversion of the waste. Dissolved dust in water
A waste treatment method comprising subjecting a water mixture to a solid-liquid separation treatment, slagging the solid obtained by the solid-liquid separation treatment in the melting furnace (2), and discharging or collecting the aqueous solution obtained by the solid-liquid separation treatment.
【請求項2】廃棄物をスラグ化する溶融炉(2)、又
は、その溶融炉(2)に廃棄物の焼却残渣を供給する焼
却炉(12)の燃焼排ガス路(4),(13)にダスト捕集
器(5,10)を設けた廃棄物処理装置であって、 前記ダスト捕集器(5,10)で回収したダストを水で溶解
処理するダスト溶解手段(8,10)を設け、 前記ダスト溶解手段(8,10)からのダスト−水混合物を
固液分離処理する分離手段(8,11)を設け、 前記分離手段(8,11)で得た固形分を前記溶融炉(2)
に供給する搬送手段を設け、 前記分離手段(8,11)で得た水溶液を放水又は回収する
手段を設けてある廃棄物処理装置。
2. A flue gas passage (4), (13) of a melting furnace (2) for converting waste into slag or an incinerator (12) for supplying incineration residues of waste to the melting furnace (2). A waste disposer provided with a dust collector (5, 10) in the dust collector, wherein a dust dissolving means (8, 10) for dissolving the dust collected by the dust collector (5, 10) with water is provided. A separating unit (8, 11) for solid-liquid separation of the dust-water mixture from the dust dissolving unit (8, 10); and solidifying the solid obtained by the separating unit (8, 11) in the melting furnace. (2)
A waste treatment apparatus comprising: a conveying unit that supplies the aqueous solution obtained by the separation unit (8, 11);
JP2088893A 1990-04-02 1990-04-02 Waste treatment method and equipment Expired - Fee Related JP2807767B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2088893A JP2807767B2 (en) 1990-04-02 1990-04-02 Waste treatment method and equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2088893A JP2807767B2 (en) 1990-04-02 1990-04-02 Waste treatment method and equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03286916A JPH03286916A (en) 1991-12-17
JP2807767B2 true JP2807767B2 (en) 1998-10-08

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