JP3205273B2 - Waste incineration ash treatment method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating waste incineration ash generated when waste is incinerated in an incineration plant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for treating waste incineration ash as described above, a method of converting slag with an electric melting furnace is conventionally known. However, since waste incineration ash contains heavy metals such as lead and zinc, it is desirable to use slag as a harmless one that does not contain heavy metals and to effectively use the slag and collect these valuable heavy metals.

FIG. 2 shows a conventional flow for this purpose. Waste incineration ash is first melted in an electric melting furnace 21 and turned into slag. When melting is performed in the electric melting furnace 21, a part of the heavy metal in the incineration ash volatilizes and moves to the exhaust gas side, and a part moves to the slag side in the form of salt. Therefore, the slag is pulverized by the granulating conveyor 22 to transfer heavy metal salts to the water side to detoxify the slag, and then recrystallized in the recrystallization furnace 28 to form a high-strength slowly cooled slag. Water containing heavy metal salts discharged from the granulating conveyor 22 is subjected to chelation treatment in an advanced wastewater treatment facility. On the other hand, the melting furnace 21
After the temperature of the exhaust gas is adjusted in the cooling tower 23, the molten fly ash is collected by the bag filter 24. Since the molten fly ash contains heavy metals, it is sent to a chemical heavy metal recovery facility 25 to recover heavy metals such as lead and zinc as lead products 26 and zinc products 27.

However, this conventional method has the following problems. Since the water flowing out of the granulating conveyor 22 contains heavy metals, advanced wastewater treatment is required and the wastewater treatment cost increases. A recrystallization furnace 28 is required in order to obtain a slow-cooled slag with high strength, which increases running costs. When the incinerated ash is melted in the electric melting furnace 21, since the liquid level is thickly covered with a blanket made of unmelted incinerated ash, the exhaust gas temperature is as low as about 300 to 600 ° C., and dioxin is not easily decomposed.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems and can improve the purity of recovered lead products and zinc products, does not require advanced wastewater treatment, and recrystallization. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for treating waste incineration ash that can obtain a high-strength slowly cooled slag without passing through a furnace and that can completely decompose dioxin.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. The present invention first melts waste incineration ash generated when waste is incinerated in a combustion type melting furnace. At the same time as slag, the heavy metals in the waste incineration ash are transferred to the molten fly ash side in the exhaust gas , and the entire amount of the exhaust gas is targeted.
Then, the molten fly ash contained therein is collected and melted in a volatilizing furnace, and the melt in the volatilizing furnace is returned to the combustion type melting furnace, while the heavy metal volatilized from the molten fly ash is contained in the volatilizing furnace. The exhaust gas is sent to a chemical heavy metal recovery facility to recover heavy metals. Note that it is preferable to use any one of an electric melting furnace such as a plasma melting furnace, a resistance melting furnace, and a high-frequency melting furnace as the volatilizing furnace.

[0007] The combustion type melting furnace is of a type in which the waste incineration ash is surface-melted by burning a burner, and the liquid level is not covered with a blanket unlike an electric melting furnace. For this reason, most of the heavy metals in the waste incineration ash move to the molten fly ash side, and the slag contains almost no heavy metals. Therefore, it is not necessary to granulate the slag for removing salts and heavy metals, and the slag can be directly cooled and recrystallized.
Furthermore, the molten fly ash from the combustion type melting furnace is collected and melted in a volatilization furnace, and the melt mainly composed of Si, Ca, etc. is returned to the combustion type melting furnace. The amount of Si, Ca and the like mixed into the recovered lead products and zinc products is small. Therefore, lead products and zinc products with high purity can be obtained.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a combustion-type melting furnace, in which waste incineration ash is melted by a burner such as a gas burner or an oil burner to form slag. When melted in the combustion type melting furnace 1 as described above, the heavy metals in the waste incineration ash volatilize, and most of them move to the molten fly ash side in the exhaust gas. For this reason, since the molten slag contains almost no heavy metal, it can be cooled as it is without being granulated as in the prior art, and a high-strength and safe slowly cooled slag can be obtained. Therefore, the conventional advanced wastewater treatment is not required, and a recrystallization furnace is not required.

Further, the exhaust gas of the combustion type melting furnace 1 is 1000
Since the temperature is higher than or equal to ° C., dioxins generated in the furnace can be decomposed. This high-temperature exhaust gas is temperature-adjusted through a heat exchanger 2, a boiler 3, a gas temperature controller 4 and the like, if necessary, and then sent to a dust collector 5 such as a bag filter, where molten fly ash in the exhaust gas is discharged. Is collected. This molten fly ash contains Si, Ca and the like as main components and contains heavy metals.

[0010] The molten fly ash is melted in the volatilization furnace 6. The volatilizing furnace 6 may be any type of furnace that can volatilize heavy metals from the liquid surface, and for example, any of a plasma melting furnace, a resistance melting furnace, and a high-frequency melting furnace can be used. Si, Ca, and the like in the molten fly ash are melted in this volatilization furnace 6 to form slag, and the heavy metal is volatilized again and moves to the exhaust gas side.
The slagged Si, Ca and the like are returned to the combustion type melting furnace 1 and melted again together with the waste incineration ash.

Fly ash in the exhaust gas from the volatilization furnace 6 contains a high concentration of volatile heavy metals. This fly ash is collected by a dust collector 7 such as a bag filter and sent to a chemical heavy metal recovery facility 8. In the chemical heavy metal recovery equipment 8, the heavy metals contained in the fly ash are pickled and alkali-coagulated to remove the lead product 9 from the fly ash.
And zinc product 10. Since Si, Ca, and the like, which are impurities of heavy metals, are separated in the volatilization furnace 6, the purity of the obtained lead product 9 and zinc product 10 is increased, and the lead product 9 and zinc product 10 can be sold to a collection company at a high price.

The exhaust gas from the dust collector 5 is treated by the scrubber 11 together with the exhaust gas from the dust collector 7 and then discharged to the atmosphere. Since harmful heavy metals are scarcely contained in the scrubber effluent from the scrubber 11, normal effluent treatment may be performed.

As described above, according to the present invention, safe and high-strength de-cooled slag and high-purity lead products 9 and zinc products 10 can be obtained from waste incineration ash containing heavy metals. Can also be used effectively. In addition to the above, the only effluent from the process of the present invention is clean effluent, and the conventional advanced effluent treatment is unnecessary. Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

[0014]

EXAMPLE Waste incineration ash generated when general waste was incinerated was melted at a rate of 100 T / D in a combustion type melting furnace 1 using a heavy oil burner. The slag extracted from the lower part of the furnace was cooled as it was to obtain a gradually cooled slag of 85 T / D. The temperature of the exhaust gas from the combustion type melting furnace 1 was adjusted, and 10 T / D molten fly ash was collected by a bag filter type dust collector 5. This molten fly ash was melted in a volatilizing furnace 6 (high-frequency melting furnace), and slagged Si, Ca and the like were returned to the combustion type melting furnace 1.

The exhaust gas from the volatilizing furnace 6 was sent to a bag filter type dust collector 7, and 6T / D fly ash containing heavy metals was collected. The fly ash is sent to the chemical heavy metal recovery facility 8 and the fly ash is collected.
A 3 T / D lead product 9 and a 0.2 T / D zinc product 10 were recovered. The purity of the obtained lead product 9 is about 20%,
The purity of the zinc product 10 was about 70%.

[0016]

As described above, according to the method for treating waste incineration ash of the present invention, it is possible to economically obtain high strength and safe slow cooling slag from waste incineration ash containing heavy metals. In addition, highly pure lead products and zinc products can be obtained. In addition, the conventional advanced wastewater treatment is unnecessary, the wastewater treatment cost is reduced, and there are many advantages such as the ability to decompose dioxin generated from waste incineration ash.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Combustion type melting furnace, 2 heat exchanger, 3 boiler, 4 gas temperature controller, 5 dust collector, 6 volatile furnace, 7 dust collector, 8
Chemical heavy metal recovery equipment, 9 lead products, 10 zinc products,
11 Scrubber, 21 Conventional electric melting furnace, 22
Granulation conveyor, 23 cooling tower, 24 bag filter, 2
5 Chemical heavy metal recovery equipment, 26 Lead products, 27 Zinc products, 28 Recrystallization furnace

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A waste incineration ash generated when a waste is incinerated is first melted in a combustion type melting furnace to form slag, and heavy metals in the waste incineration ash are transferred to a molten fly ash side in the exhaust gas. Transfer, the entire amount of the exhaust gas, the molten fly ash contained therein is collected and melted in a volatilization furnace, and the melt in the volatilization furnace is returned to a combustion-type melting furnace, while A method for treating waste incineration ash, comprising sending an exhaust gas containing heavy metals volatilized from molten fly ash to a chemical heavy metal recovery facility to recover the heavy metals. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein an electric melting furnace is used as the volatile furnace.