JP2786784B2 - Digger and harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a digging and harvesting machine for digging and harvesting crops such as onions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in an onion digging and harvesting machine, a comb-shaped digging member is provided at the front of the body, a lifting conveyor is provided behind the digging member, and the onion is further lifted and transported behind the digging member. A processing conveyor is provided, the onion is turned upside down via a reversing mechanism at the rear of the processing conveyor, the foliage which is drooped by the inversion is cut by a foliage cutting device, and then the onion is configured to fall on a horizontal feeding conveyor. I have.

[0003] The processing conveyor forms a carrier for holding harvested onions by rotating a receiving device and a holding device in opposition to each other, and is configured by arranging a large number of such carrying devices in left and right chains. The onion is turned upside down by being rotated by a reversing mechanism while being conveyed, and the onion holding state is maintained by guiding the inverted conveyer by a guide rail until the onion substantially passes over the foliage cutting device.

[0004] In addition, the reversing mechanism has a sandwiching plate provided on the rotation shaft of the processing conveyor in a cross shape so that a pair of sandwiching plates can sandwich a carrying tool in an onion holding state, and until the carrying tool is guided by a guide rail. , So as not to open.

[0005]

In the above-mentioned prior art, a light onion can be cut and cut and its foliage can be normally held above the traversing conveyor by a carrier, but the chain of the processing conveyor has some slack. For this reason, heavy onions may push and open the carrier, and mechanical vibrations may cause the carrier to be disengaged from the guide rails, causing the onion to fall on the foliage cutting device and being damaged. is there.

According to the present invention, by providing a deep pressing portion at the end of a pair of sandwiching plates for sandwiching the transporting device of the reversing mechanism, the tip of the sandwiching plate on the rear side in the rotating direction, the inverted transporting device can be substantially moved on the foliage cutting device. An object of the present invention is to provide a digging and harvesting machine that can be prevented from opening until it passes.

[0007]

A concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is to rotate a receiving tool 44A and a hugging tool 44B opposite to each other to transport a tool 44 holding a harvested crop 13 to a left and right chain 43. And a reversing mechanism 19 for turning the crop 13 up and down while transporting the conveyors 44 of the processing conveyor 17.
And a foliage cutting device 20 for cutting the foliage 13a hanging down by reversing, and a guide rail 64 for maintaining the inverted carrying tool 44 in a crop holding state until the reversing tool 44 substantially passes over the foliage cutting device 20. Reference numeral 19 denotes a digging and harvesting machine in which a sandwiching plate 62 is provided on the rotating shaft 39 of the processing conveyor 17 in a cross shape so that a pair of sandwiching plates 62 can sandwich the crop holding device 44. Of the pair of sandwiching plates 62 sandwiching the rotating plate 44,
2 is provided with a deep pressing portion 63A for preventing the opening operation until the inverted conveyance tool 44 substantially passes over the foliage cutting device 20.

[0008]

The onion 13 harvested from the ridges 12 is supplied onto the open receiving device 44A and the holding device 44B.
The onion 13 is held by closing the holding member 4B and the holding member 44B, and is turned upside down by the turning mechanism 19 while being conveyed in that state. The foliage 13a of the onion 13 is turned upside down so that its foliage 13a hangs down. In this state, the foliage 13a is supplied to the foliage cutting device 20, where the foliage 13a is cut while leaving a stem of a certain size. Transverse conveyor 22 passing above
It is transported up and dropped.

The reversing mechanism 19 has a deep pressing portion 63A provided at the tip of a pair of sandwiching plates 62 sandwiching the carrier 44, which is located at the end of the sandwiching plate 62 on the rear side in the rotation direction. Even after the inverted transport device 44 reaches the upper side of the cutting device 20, the deep pressing portion 63A pushes the hugging device 44B to prevent the opening operation of the transport device 44 until the transport device 44 substantially passes over the foliage cutting device 20.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 3 and 4, the digging and harvesting machine 1 has an engine 2
A self-propelled work vehicle having a crawler-type traveling device 3 driven by a vehicle, having a digging portion 5 at a front portion of a traveling machine body 4 and a processing portion 6 from a middle portion to a rear portion, and a right side of the processing portion 6. The section has a control section 7 on the front side and an unloading section 8 on the rear side.

The excavating part 5 is composed of a pair of right and left dividers 1.
1 and a ridge 12 disposed between the left and right dividers 11.
A comb-shaped digging member 14 for digging an onion (crop) 13 therein, a lifting conveyor 15 for lifting the onion 13 digged up by the digging member 14 rearward and upward, and an onion 13 disposed above the lifting conveyor 15 And the first foliage aligning means 16 for aligning the direction of the foliage 13a and for removing attached soil.

The processing unit 6 receives the onion 13 from the lifting conveyor 15 and transports it while holding it.
7, a second foliage aligning means 18 disposed above the processing conveyor 17, an inverting mechanism 19 for inverting and transporting the onion 13 from the upper horizontal transport section 17A to the lower horizontal transport section 17B, and a lower horizontal transport section. A foliage cutting device 20 arranged below the portion 17B, a foliage lowering device 21 for forcibly hanging down the foliage 13a of the onion 13 at the time of inversion, and an onion 1 after foliage cutting
3 for receiving the feed 3 from the processing conveyor 17
And

A cradle 25 of a container 24 of the unloading section 8 is fixed to the right side of the traveling body 4. The container receiving table 25 is located above the groove between the ridges 12, and a stay 28 to which an operation panel 26 of the control section 7 and a driver's seat 27 are attached is fixed to a front portion thereof. In FIGS. 1 to 6, the lifting conveyor 15 is disposed in a rear-upward inclined shape, and a number of horizontal rails 33 are connected between a driving sprocket 31 and a driven sprocket 32 supported by left and right side plates 30 of the body 4. A pair of left and right chains 34 are wound around the onion 13, and the onion 13 dug and scooped up from the ridge 12 by the excavating member 5 is loaded, transported upward and transferred to the processing conveyor 17.

The first and second foliage aligning means 16 and 18
Is provided so as to be able to adjust the vertical position in each halfway of the lifting conveyor 15 and the processing conveyor 17, and is formed by a brush that is in sliding contact with the onion 13 being conveyed, and turns the horizontal foliage 13 a backward in the conveyance direction. To align. The processing conveyor 17 of the processing unit 6 includes a frame 3 having left and right side plates.
6, a drive sprocket 38 of a drive shaft 37 supported by
A pair of left and right chains 43 are wound around a driven sprocket 40 of the driven shaft 39 and idle sprockets 41 and 42, and a transport tool 44 is provided between the left and right chains 43 at a constant pitch.

The transporter 44 receives a bulb of the onion 13.
A and the hugging device 44B embrace and convey, and the receiving device 44A and the hugging device 44B have a substantially symmetrical shape, and are pivotally supported so as to be rotatable in the opposite direction by a pivot 46 connected to the left and right chains 43, It is formed of a trapezoidal body 47 having a trapezoidal shape in a side view, which is pivotally supported on the pivot 46 in the longitudinal direction, and a receiving rod 48 fixed to the bent portion and the tip of the body 47.

The left and right ends of the tips of the receiving members 44A and the holding members 44B are fixed to the frame 36 by guide rails 49A,
49B, etc., open at the end of the return transport section 17C of the processing conveyor 17, and lift and transport the transport section 17D.
The onion 13 is received and closed at the start end, and is temporarily opened in the middle of the lower horizontal transport section 17B above the horizontal feed conveyor 22.

Above the processing conveyor 17, a plurality of foliage guide rods 53 are arranged in the width direction of the conveyor. The foliage guide rod 53 is formed of a round bar, a pipe, or a rod having an arcuate upper surface, and a mounting rod 54 is fixed to the rear upper part of the way. The foliage guide rod 53 has a front portion lifted at a lower front portion of the frame 36 and attached to the frame 36 below the conveyor 15 via a bracket 55, and an intermediate portion is attached to a horizontal rail 56 constituting the frame 36 via an attachment rod 54. Are linked. The rear end of the foliage guide rod 53 is a free end, but may be connected to the second foliage alignment means 18 or the frame 36 via a connecting member.

Although three foliage guide rods 53 are provided in the width direction of the conveyor, a plurality of foliage guide rods other than three may be provided, and the interval is larger than the spherical part of the onion 13 and the distance between the spherical part of the onion 13 and the foliage 13a. The dimensions are set to be sufficiently shorter than the sum of the lengths. Therefore, when the onion 13 is transferred from the lifting conveyor 15 to the conveyance tool 44 of the processing conveyor 17, the onion 1
When the leaf 3 is in the horizontal position, the foliage 13 a is lifted from the carrier 44 on the foliage guide rod 53, and is given an opportunity to come into contact with the second foliage aligning means 18. Foliage 13a
Are moved rearward in the transport direction and aligned.

A reversing mechanism 19 is provided between the end of the upper horizontal transport section 17A where the driven sprocket 40 is located and the start end of the lower horizontal transport section 17B. The reversing mechanism 19 is configured such that a reversing body 60 having a cross shape in a side view is fixed to a driven shaft 39 so as to be integrally rotatable. The reversing body 60 is displaced by approximately 90 degrees on the outer periphery of the driven shaft (rotating shaft) 39 to fix the band-shaped sandwiching plate 62, and a pair of sandwiching plates 62 at opposing positions.
The push plate 63 is fixed by bolts, and the outer end of the push plate 63 is bent in a U-shape so as to extend rearward in the rotation direction to form a deeply pressed portion 63A. Note that the sandwiching plate 62 on the rear side in the rotation direction of the pair of sandwiching plates 62 that sandwich the conveying tool 44 may be formed such that the distal end is long and bent into a U-shape to form the deeply pressed portion 63A.

The pushing plate 63 (or the sandwiching plate 62) having the deep pushing portion 63A and the sandwiching plate 62 on the leading side in the rotation direction come into contact with the outer surface of the shape retaining member 47 and follow while holding one set of the transporting members 44. The carrier 44 is turned around the shaft 39, and is turned from the upward posture to the downward posture while holding the onion 13. The inverted transport device 44 is the holding device 4
4B is guided by the lower guide rails 64A and 64B, the receiving member 44A is pressed by the deep pressing portion 63A, and the closed posture is maintained so as to hold the onion 13 in cooperation with the holding member 44B, that is, the carrier. It does not open until 44 reaches the traverse conveyor 22.

That is, the inverted transport device 44 is
A and the hugging device 44B are guided by the inclined portion 64b at the rear end of the lower guide rail 64B, so that the lower guide rails 64A, 64B
In the middle, the foliage 13 is cut by the foliage cutting device 20 on the way.
is cut, and is pushed and moved by the sandwiching plate 62 even after cutting the foliage, so that the roller 44b at the tip of the holding member 44B is inclined so as to contact the lower surface of the lower guide rail 64A.

The transport device 44 is a roller 44b of the hugging device 44B.
Abuts against the lower guide rail 64A, and the receiving member 44A is pressed by the sandwiching plate 62, thereby preventing the release on the foliage cutting device 20. Further, the deep pressing portion 63A keeps pressing the receiving member 44A for a long time to incline. Posture foliage cutting device 2
0, and the deep pressing portion 63A is
4A, the support closing the transporter 44 is lost, and the transporter 44 is opened above the traverse conveyor 22 to drop the onion 13.

The foliage cutting device 20 is of a reciprocating type in which a movable blade 66 is reciprocated right and left with respect to a fixed blade 65 fixed to the frame 36.
Is cut leaving a certain length. The cut onion 13 is dropped when it comes on the horizontal conveyor 22,
Container 2 on cradle 25 by traverse conveyor 22
4 is harvested.

The foliage lowering device 21 is disposed between the transporting tool 44 inverted by the reversing mechanism 19 and the foliage cutting device 20, and the foliage 13a of the onion 13 held by the transporting tool 44 and inverted is used. This corrects the posture so that it is supplied to the foliage cutting device 20 in the correct hanging posture. In the foliage lowering device 21, a crank arm 68 is fixed to a rotating shaft 67 rotatably supported by a frame 36, and a comb tooth 69 is rotatably supported on the crank arm 68. The pivot arm 70 pivotally connected to the frame 36 pivotally supports the frame 36 via a pivot shaft 71. The comb-tooth body 69 is formed in a fork-like shape with metal or plastic.

The rotary shaft 67 is capable of transmitting power from the engine 2 via a chain transmission means 72. The rotation of the crank arm 68 causes the comb-tooth body 69 to swing.
And the tip thereof pivotally moves from the vicinity of the carrier 44 to the vicinity of the foliage cutting device 20 while drawing a locus 73 shown in FIGS. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified. For example, the present invention can be applied to the digging and harvesting of crops such as carrots, garlic, turnips, radish, etc., in addition to onions.

[0026]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the reversing mechanism 19 is configured such that the inverted transport device 44 is provided at the tip of the sandwiching plate 62 on the rear side in the rotation direction among the pair of sandwich plates 62 that sandwich the transport device 44. Since the deep pressing portion 63A for preventing the opening operation until it almost passes over the foliage cutting device 20 is provided,
4 can be prevented from opening until it almost passes over the foliage cutting device 20, and the crop 13 can be prevented from falling onto the foliage cutting device 20 and being damaged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional side view of the main part.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the entire digging and harvesting machine.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the entire digging and harvesting machine.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a processing conveyor.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a reversing mechanism, a foliage cutting device, and a foliage lowering device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Digging and harvesting machine 6 Processing part 13 Onion (crop) 13a Foliage 15 Lifting conveyor 17 Processing conveyor 19 Inverting mechanism 20 Foliage cutting device 39 Follower shaft (rotating shaft) 43 Chain 44 Transporter 44A Receiver 44B Hugging plate 62 Holding plate 63A deep pressing part 64 guide rail

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A conveyor (44) for holding a harvested crop (13) by rotating a receiving tool (44A) and a hugging tool (44B) in opposition to each other. 17) and the processing conveyor (17)
Rotating while transporting the transporter (44) of the crop (13)
Reversing mechanism (19) for reversing upside down, and foliage cutting device (20) for cutting foliage (13a) hanging by reversal
And a guide rail (64) for maintaining the crop holding state until the inverted conveyance tool (44) substantially passes over the foliage cutting device (20). The reversing mechanism (19) includes a processing conveyor (17). In a digging and harvesting machine in which a sandwiching plate (62) is provided in a cross shape on a rotary shaft (39) of the above, and a pair of sandwiching plates (62) can sandwich a transporter (44) in a crop holding state, the reversing mechanism ( 19) is a foliage cutting device (2) provided with an inverted conveyance tool (44) at the tip of a rotation-direction rear sandwiching plate (62) of a pair of sandwiching plates (62) sandwiching the conveyance tool (44).
0) A digging and harvesting machine characterized by having a deep-pressing portion (63A) for preventing the opening operation until it substantially passes above.