JPH0456569B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an onion harvesting method and apparatus for harvesting onions by cutting off the leaf stems of dug up onions and recovering only the spherical parts of the onions.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as this type of onion harvesting method, as already filed by the present applicant as Japanese Patent Application No. 160292/1980, onions dug up by a digging device are harvested through an endless chain. Once lifted upward by a conveying device, at the end of the transfer to the conveying device,
Release the onions onto a swinging shelf located below,
In the process of repeatedly swinging the swinging shelf in the transport direction, the onion is turned over, and the turned onion is cut into a predetermined length by a cutting blade provided below the swinging shelf. Furthermore, an example of a device that draws the onion leaf and stem between mutually rotating tapping rollers and cuts the leaf and stem to a predetermined length is the one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 198015/1983, for example. There is.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, with the conventional harvesting method and device described above, it is extremely difficult to turn over all the onions on the swinging shelf, and the onions are collected in the container without cutting the leaves and stems. It was not possible to cut the leaves and stems reliably because of the amount of material being used. In addition, the method described in the above publication requires an air blower because it is difficult to turn the onions so that the leaves and stems face downward, and the leaves and stems cannot be removed without the help of the wind generated by the device. It had the disadvantage that it could not be made to hang down. Moreover, the device described in this publication had a problem in that the overall length was long because the tapping roller was provided in a manner that extended behind the lifting conveyor.

[Means for Solving the Problems] This invention is proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and employs the following methods and means.

First, as a first invention, after digging up an onion a buried in the soil and lifting it upwards, and further transporting it to the lower side in the conveying direction, the leaf and stem part c is moved against the bulbous part b. This method employs a method of inverting the onion so that it is facing downward and in the opposite direction of transport, and cutting the inverted leaf and stem c of the onion to a predetermined length while maintaining this state. Further, the second invention includes a digging means 2 for digging up the onion a, a first conveying means 3 for transporting the dug onion a upward, and a first conveying means 3 for transporting the onion a lifted up at the upper part of the lifting conveyance path. In an onion harvesting device equipped with a second conveying means 4 that transfers the onion to the downstream side in the conveying direction, at least at the end of the conveying path of the second conveying means 4, the onion a is supported with the spherical part a facing upward and the leaf and stem part c facing downward. An onion inversion support part H is provided, and on the terminal side of this onion inversion support part H,
The onion harvesting device is characterized in that a leaf and stalk cutting device 16 for cutting the leaf and stalk portion c into a predetermined length is provided within a width that overlaps the second conveying means 4 in a side view. be.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

First, the configuration will be explained. FIG. 1 shows a side view of the entire onion harvesting device 1 according to the present invention.
A digging means 2 that receives rotational power from a shaft and is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow A, a first conveying means 3 that transports the dug onion a upward (in the direction of arrow B), and this first
It consists of a second conveying means 4, etc., which receives the onion a thrown downward from the conveying end part of the conveying means and transfers it to the rear, and between the first and second conveying means 3 and 4, A sorting device 5 is provided for sorting the onions a discharged from the end of the conveying means 3 in the left and right directions.

The digging means 2 is driven by a chain and sprocket mechanism, and the first conveying means 3 is supported by the machine frame 7 in an oblique manner so that its upper end is tilted backwards when viewed from the side, and is driven by a transmission mechanism to be described later. It is configured so that rotation in the direction of arrow B is applied to the conveying section.

The first conveying means 3 is formed by attaching a plurality of rods 9, each having an onion a mounting portion, between the left and right chains 8, 8, and placing the spherical portion b of the onion a on the rods 9. Lift upwards.

A left/right sorting device 5 provided facing the end of the transfer of the first conveying means 3 includes a plurality of rollers 10.
. . ., rollers 10, 10 arranged in two stages, upper and lower, are supported at appropriate intervals in the left and right directions so as to be rotatable about respective axes in the front and rear directions. Therefore,
Onions a released from the upper end of the first conveyance means 3
is the roller group 10, 1 adjacent to each other in the left and right direction.
0... and then passed to the second conveyance means 4.

The second transport means 4 has an endless chain 11 as its transport section, and a box body 12, which is open only at the top, is provided on the top surface of the chain 11 and is fixed continuously in the transport direction. As shown in FIG. 2, each box 12 constituting the second conveying means 4 is provided in a positional relationship such that it passes between each roller 10 when viewed from above. (This example shows the configuration for digging up onions a planted in four rows.) 13... are onion leaves placed close to the left and right sides of the box body 12... and along the conveyance direction. Each guide body 13 is a guide body for the stem c, and each guide body 13 is a horizontal plate part 1.
3a and a vertical plate portion 13b that supports this,
The horizontal plate part 13a is located above the upper end of the box body 12 and is fixed substantially horizontally to the upper part of the vertical plate part 13b. As shown in FIG. 1, its terminal end extends forward in a detour around the bottom of the rear sprocket 14 around which the chain 11 of the second conveying means 4 is wound.

The height of the vertical portion 13b at the starting end of the guide body 13 is configured to be lower than the other portions, and the height of the adjacent horizontal plate portion 13 when viewed from a plane
The spacing between a and 13a is wide on the starting end side and gradually narrows.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the distance between the starting ends of the horizontal plate portions 13a and 13a is configured to be wide enough to allow the spherical portion b of the onion a to pass through, and the distance increases toward the rear side. is narrowed to a certain interval from the middle, and only the leaf and stem part c of the onion a can pass through the gap.

When the box body 12 carrying the onion a is transferred to the rear in this state, the box body 12 that went around the outer circumference of the rear sprocket 14 will eventually be reversed, and the onion a will also be reversed so that the leaf and stem portions c are facing downward. do.

Reference numeral 15 denotes an auxiliary guide body extending forward so as to be connected to the terminal end of the guide body 13. One auxiliary guide body 15 has a chevron-shaped cross section, and there is a space between the left and right auxiliary guide bodies 15. is the gap t through which only the leaf and stem part c can pass.
has been established. In this embodiment, the guide body 13
Onion a with the terminal end and auxiliary guide body 15,
An onion inversion support part H is configured to support the onion in such a manner that the leaf and stem part c of the onion is directed downward.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a leaf and stem cutting device having a rotary blade 17, and the rotary blade 17 is provided so as to face below the reversal support part H. A conveyor 18 is provided below the second conveying means 4 and in front of the auxiliary guide body 15 for conveying the onions a whose leaves and stems c have been cut outward in the left and right lateral directions. A container 20 for collecting a is placed on the machine frame 7.

Next, the transmission system of this device will be explained based on the power transmission diagram shown in FIG.

22 is a bevel gear box attached to the front part of the machine frame 7, on which the input shaft 23 is mounted facing forward;
A pulley 25 is fixed to the end of the shaft 24 taken out sideways. The reduction gear case 26 installed at the bottom of the machine frame 7 has two shafts 27, 2.
A two-stage pulley 29 is attached to the shaft 27, and a sprocket 30 is attached to the shaft 28.

31 is a belt wound between pulleys 25 and 29; 32 and 33 are a top shaft and an undershaft of the first conveying means 3, respectively;
Two sprockets 34 and 35 are fixed to one side of the shaft 2, and a sprocket 36 is fixed to the opposite side. Undershaft 33 of first conveyance means 3
There is a chain 8 between the sprocket 38 attached to the top shaft 32 and the sprocket 36 of the top shaft 32.
Furthermore, a chain 42 is extended between a sprocket 39 fixed to the outer end of the undershaft 33 and a sprocket 41 attached to the outer end of the top shaft 40 of the digging means 2. 4
Reference numeral 8 denotes a drive shaft for driving the second conveyance means 4, which has two sprockets 43 and 44 fixed to its ends, and is interposed between the sprocket 35 of the first conveyance means 3 and the sprocket 43 fixed to the drive shaft 48. The rotary power on the first conveyance means 3 side is transmitted to the second conveyance means 4 side by means of a chain 45 installed therein. Reference numeral 47 is a chain wound around the reduction gear case 26 between the sprocket 30 fixed to the shaft 28 and the sprocket 34 fixed to the end of the top shaft 32 of the first conveying means 3; 51 is a pulley fixed to the end of the shaft 50, and 52 is a connection between this pulley 51 and the reduction gear case 2.
The belt is wound around a two-stage pulley 29 attached to the end of a shaft 27 that is mounted on a shaft 6.

Note that reference numeral 55 in the figure is a transmission mechanism for driving the conveyor 18, which is driven by the power from the drive shaft 48, and further includes a chain.
The conveyor 18 is rotated in one direction via the sprocket mechanism 56.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When the onion harvesting device 1 is connected to and towed by a power vehicle such as a tractor and the machine moves forward while driving each rotating part, the conveying chain constituting the digging means 2 and the chain 8 of the first conveying means 3 are connected to each other as shown in FIG. The onion a is rotated in the directions of arrows A and B, thereby lifting the dug onion a upward one by one. When the onions a are discharged downward from the transfer terminal end of the first conveyance means 3, they fall continuously with the heavy spherical part b downward, and hit the upper rollers 10 of the onion a sorting device 5. While in contact with each other, they are dispersed and released in the right and left directions as appropriate, and are housed in the box 12 of the second conveying means 4 after passing between the rollers 10 . In this state, when the onion a is sent to the lower side in the conveyance direction (backward in this example), the leaf and stem part c, which is tilted or turned sideways, passes through the gap in the guide body 13. The directions are aligned, and the leaves and stems c are transferred to the cutting device 16 side while protruding upward from the gap.

FIG. 5 shows an onion a at the terminal end of the guide body 13.
The onion a is further sent to the auxiliary guide 15 in the inverted state. Then, the onions a are successively pushed forward by the onions a themselves that are sent from behind one after another, or by the box body 12 that is moving forward after being turned over, and during this time, the onions a are rotated below. The leaf and stem part c is cut into a predetermined length by the rotary blade 17 of the leaf and stem cutting device 16, and the onion a from which the leaf and stem part c has been cut is
is dropped onto the conveyor 18 and collected into the container 20.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following technical effects. That is, according to the first invention, the dug onion a is first lifted and further transferred to the downstream side in the conveyance direction, and then reversed so that the conveyance direction is reversed, and during this time, the leaf and stem portions c are The onion a is aligned so that it faces downward relative to the bulbous part b, and is cut to a predetermined length with the leaf and stem part c supported in a downward position.
The leaf and stem part c can be reliably cut without damaging the bulbous part b of the leaf. Further, according to the second invention, most of the onions a are supported with their leaf and stem parts c facing downward by the reversing support part H at the end side of the conveyance path, so that the blade of the leaf and stem cutting device 16 is Part c
It is possible to reliably act on this, and it is possible to reduce errors in cutting off the leaf and stem portions c. Moreover, this leaf and stem cutting device 16 is designed to
Since the device is provided on the terminal end side of the device so as to overlap with the device when viewed from the side, the overall length of the device does not become long and can be configured compactly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is an overall side view of the onion harvesting device, Fig. 2 is a partially omitted plan view, Fig. 3 is a power transmission diagram showing the power transmission system, and Fig. 4 is a power transmission diagram showing the power transmission system. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the main part. Explanation of the symbols: 1... Onion harvesting device, 2... Digging means, 3... First conveying means, 4... Second conveying means, 16... Leaf and stem cutting device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After digging up an onion a buried in the soil and lifting it upward, and further transporting it to the lower side in the conveyance direction, the leaf and stem part c faces downward with respect to the bulbous part b. A method for harvesting onions, characterized by inverting the onion so that the direction of transport is also reversed, and cutting the inverted leaf and stem part c to a predetermined length while maintaining this state. . 2. Digging means 2 for digging up onions a, and first conveying means 3 for transporting the dug onions a upwards.
In the onion harvesting apparatus, the onion harvesting device is equipped with a second conveyance means 4 for transferring the onion a lifted at the upper part of the lifting conveyance path to the lower side in the conveyance direction. An onion inversion support part H is provided in which the spherical part of a is supported upward and the leaf stem part c is downward, and on the terminal side of this onion inversion support part H, and the second
Within the width that overlaps the conveying means 4 in a side view, the leaf stem part c
An onion harvesting device characterized by being provided with a leaf and stem cutting device 16 that cuts the onion into a predetermined length.