JPS63196206A - Onion harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is directed to conveying onions dug up by a front-end digging section using a conveying means, and cutting off the leaf stem of the onion that protrudes from the conveying tool. The present invention relates to an onion harvesting machine comprising a cutting device.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in this type of onion harvesting machine, in order to facilitate cutting of the leaf and stem parts, the leaf and stem parts are suspended downward and the leaf cutting device is operated. Spiral-shaped scraping protrusions are provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of a pair of left and right rotating cylindrical members whose axes are aligned, and the leaf stems are scraped by the holding protrusions of both cylindrical members, and the leaves and stems are moved into the gap between the two cylinder members. It had a structure in which it was suspended from the
2-8674).

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

In such a spiral conveyance mechanism, as shown in FIG. (b) covers the other onion (a), and the double rotating cylindrical member (45) and the spiral protrusion (45A) of (45)
In some cases, the action of onion (a) did not reach the leaf and stem part (b), and the onion (a) was recovered without cutting the leaf and stem part (b).

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can reliably cut the leaves and stems by devising a conveyance process before cutting the leaves and stems.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The features of the present invention are: (1) providing a lifting and conveying means for receiving the onion dug up at the front end raising part and transporting it upward; (2) the lifting and conveying path; A rotating body that circulates and rotates a pair of openable and closable conveyors that hold onions in a cradling state at the upper part of the onion is provided with holding and conveying means arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch; The present invention has the following features: It is equipped with a leaf cutting device that cuts the leaf and stem portion of the onion that protrudes from between the ingredients, and its functions and effects are as follows.

[For production]

According to characteristic configuration (■), when the dug up onion is transferred by the lifting and conveying means, only the bulb part is received by this conveying means, so the transfer force acts only on the bulb part,
The leaf stem is transported backwards (downward) while being pulled by the bulb.
automatically droops. From the characteristic configuration (■), by holding the onion with the leaf and stem hanging downward in the holding and conveying means, the onion's posture relative to the conveyor is stably maintained, and the leaf and stem are not cut by the leaf cutting device. Maintain a constant posture and cut the leaves and stems.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Therefore, the posture of the onion to be cut is forcibly maintained in a predetermined posture by the holding and conveying means, and the conveying means (method of receiving and lifting the onion before holding)
By configuring the leaf cutting device to automatically maintain a constant posture, the leaf cutting device can be reliably applied to the leaf and stem portions, and errors in cutting off the leaf and stem portions can be reduced.

〔Example〕

As shown in Figure 3, the onion harvester (^) is operated by a tractor (
B) is connected to the rear end via a three-point linkage device (C),
It is composed of an excavation part (1) that digs up onions (a), and a conveyance and recovery part (2) that transports the dug up onions (a).

The digging section (1) includes a rake-like digging blade (3) that digs up and picks up onions (a) in the field, and a gauge wheel (
The excavation blade body (3) with the excavation depth set by
) is comprised of a frame (4) that supports the support frame (4) so as to be able to swing back and forth around the horizontal axis (X), and a drive frame (5) that swings and drives this support frame (4). )
To configure the transmission system to the harvester (A), the input transmission case (6) of the harvester (A) and the tractor (8) PTO shaft (7) are connected for transmission, and the input transmission case (6) is connected horizontally to the input transmission case (6). A transmission shaft (9) is provided protrudingly, and eccentric cams (not shown) are attached to both ends of this horizontal transmission shaft (9), and the base end of the drive frame (5) is removed from the eccentric cam. The drive frame (5) is driven by an eccentric cam to swing the support frame (4) back and forth, and the digging blade body (
3) While rocking, dig up the onion (a).

Next, the transport and recovery section (2) will be explained. This conveyance and recovery section (2) includes a first conveyor (10) that receives the dug onions (a) and conveys them rearward, and this first conveyor (10).
) A second lifting and transporting means (11) that receives the onion (a) from the container and transports it upward, and a holding and transporting means (12) that holds the onion (a) in a cradled state at the upper part of the lifting and transporting path (c). A conveyor (13), a leaf cutting device (14) for cutting the leaf and stem part (b) of the onion (a) held by the holding and conveying means (12), and collecting the onion (a) from which the leaves have fallen. and a recovery section (15).

The second conveyor (13) will be explained in more detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the second conveyor (13) has a lifting conveyance path (c) in an on-road position and a holding conveyance path (d) in a horizontal position.
), a chain (endless rotating body) serving as a rotating body (16) is tensioned in pairs on the left and right with appropriate tension applied by the tensioning mechanism (45), and this pair of left and right chains (16).

(16) over a number of horizontal conveying rods (17);
has been erected. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, these transport rods (17) are divided into two sets of three each, one set (17A), (17B), (17G).
) is arranged at the apex position of the abbreviated shape when viewed from the side and is fixed to the chains (16) and (16). This L
Three rods arranged in a shape (17A), (17
11).

(17G) constitutes a fixed conveyor (18) that receives and conveys the onion (a). To explain in detail the connection structure of this fixed conveyor (18) to the chain (16), as shown in Fig. 2, the plate member (41) is fixed to the first link (16A) of the chain (16). At the same time, the 10th node (17) extends between the left and right plate members (41), (41)
A) is constructed. For this 10th node (17A), there are two other second nodes at the apex positions of the L-shape to form an abbreviated shape when viewed from the side. 30th Tsudo (17B), (17
C), the 20th node (17B) is fixed to the 10th node (17A) at both bent ends, and the 30th node (17C) is fixed to the plate member (41) at both bent ends. By arranging this fixed conveyor (18) in parallel with the chain (16) at a predetermined pinch, it is configured as a lifting means (11) for receiving the onion (a) and transporting it upward. In addition, in this lifting means (11), the leaf stem part (b)
The posture regulating mechanism for hanging down towards the front is done using a separate technique. On the other hand, three transport rods (170), (1
Another set consisting of (17F) has three rods (170), (17E), (
17F) is arranged, and a bearing holder part (17F) is fixed to the second link (16B) of the chain (16).
42), both ends of the 40th node (170) are fitted and held therein. The 50th node (170) is connected to the 50th node (170) by connecting the disconnection curvilinear joint material (42A).
7E) and the 60th node (17F) are connected and fixed in a predetermined arrangement posture, and roller-shaped cam followers (43) are attached to both ends of the 60th node (17F). Said chain (16).

A cam rail (8) is provided protruding from the inner side of the side plates (20) and (20) that support the cam follower (43) to guide the cam follower (43). Therefore, by moving this cam follower (43) guided by the cam rails (8) provided along the conveyance paths (C) and (d), the 50th node (17E) and the 60th node (17F) are moved. A movable conveyor (19) is constituted by swinging around the axis of the 40th node (170). This movable carrier (19)
is located between the fixed conveying tools (18) and (18) arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch on the chain (16), and is paired with the fixed conveying tool (18) on the rear side in the conveying direction, and the onion (a) It constitutes a pair of transport tools that can be opened and closed to hold the

As shown in FIG. 1, this movable conveyor (19) is in an open position in the lifting conveyance path (c) because the cam follower (43) is held by a chain link, and the onion (
a) is supported and transported by a fixed conveyor (18).

When the onion (a) reaches the upper part of the lifting and conveying path (c), the cam follower (43) moves to a pair of upper and lower cam rails (8).
By passing through the guide portion (8a) formed by the movable carrier (19), the movable carrier (19) changes its posture and assumes a closed posture in which it holds the fixed carrier (18) and the onion (a) in a hugging manner. In the holding conveyance path (d), the cam rail (8) restricts the swinging of the cam follower (43) toward the open side, and the movable conveyor (19) moves from the closed position holding the onion (a) to the collecting section (15). It is maintained until the release position (e).

Although not shown here, a pair of upper and lower cam rails (
8) A cam follower (43) holding mechanism that swings the upper cam rail (8) around the syntax axis is provided, and while allowing the cam follower (43) to pass through, the onion (a)
It is strange that the movable carrier (19) is configured to prevent the posture change of the movable conveyance device (19) which returns to the open posture by coming into contact with the movable conveyor (19). This release position (e
), the guidance by the cam rail (8) is released and the support of the cam follower (43) is lost at this position, so the movable conveyor (19) swings toward the open side due to its own weight, and the onion (a) It is discharged onto a falling chute (34) which will be described later. These fixed carriers (18) and movable carriers (
19) are attached to the same chain (16) to constitute a holding and conveying means (12).

As shown in FIG. 3, the transmission structure for the first conveyor (10) and the second conveyor (13) is explained. The first chain transmission mechanism (2
4), and at the same time, the second chain transmission mechanism (26) is stretched across the drive shaft (23) of the first conveyor (10) and the drive shaft (25) of the second conveyor (13). be.

Next, the leaf cutting device (14) will be explained in detail. As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, a leaf cutting device (14)
is equipped with a clipper-shaped cutting blade (31), and is placed at the part where the leaf and stem part (b) of the onion (a) hangs down, and is used to cut the leaf and stem part (b) of the onion (a) that is being conveyed. It is configured as follows. The position where the leaf and stem part (b) of the onion (a) hangs down is the holding and conveying tool (18).

(19) is a return path corresponding portion that is upside down and moved to the downward return path. To explain the drive structure of this leaf cutting device (14), as shown in Figs. At the same time, an eccentric cam (29) is rotatably attached to this input shaft (28),
The connecting rod (
30) is loosely fitted into the cam (29). On the other hand, a drive rod (32) for driving and sliding the movable blade (31A) is provided on the leaf cutting device (14) side, and the drive rod (32) and the connecting rod (30) are connected via a bell crank (33). It is an interlocking connection.

The collecting section (15) is located on the conveying rear (tractor) side of the leaf cutting device (14), and collects onions (a) with the leaf and stem parts (b) cut off.
) (34) that catches the falling chute (34), and a collection box (35) that collects the onions (a) from this falling chute (34).
) and (35) are placed on several units (36) on both sides. The falling shoe) (34) is fixed to a support shaft (37) along the longitudinal direction of the aircraft, and by rotatably supporting the support shaft (37), the support shaft (34)
7) It is pivoted so that it can be vertically swung around the surroundings, and in the working position, it is installed in a downwardly inclined position to selectively throw onions (a) into one of the left and right collection boxes (35), and the opposite side collection box (35) )
When it is thrown into the water, the tilting position is artificially changed. A drive arm (38) having an eccentric cam hole is loosely fitted into the outwardly projecting end of the support shaft (37), and this drive arm (38) connects the bell crank (33) with the connecting rod (3).
9), the movable blade (31A) is branched to apply vibration to the falling shoe (34), thereby promoting the falling of the onion (a).

[Another example]

■ Fixed carrier (18) as holding and carrying means (12)
However, a dedicated transport device that can be freely opened and closed may be provided as the holding and transport means (12).

@ The drive means for the transport tool does not need to be a chain (16); instead, a drum-shaped rotating body is provided as a rotating body, and a large number of holding and transporting tools that can be opened and closed are provided on the outer circumferential surface of this drum-shaped rotating body. It is also possible to take a different configuration.

θ The leaf cutting device (14) is installed in the middle of the holding and conveying means (12) being turned upside down, so that the centrifugal force causes the leaf stem portion (b) to fall into the holding and conveying device (18).

It is also conceivable to cut it while it is being swung out from between (19).

■ The movable conveyor (19) can freely rotate relative to the chain (16), but the movable conveyor (19) can rotate freely with respect to the chain (16), but the movable conveyor (19)
16). In this case, a mechanism is required to forcibly open the movable carrier (19) at the release position.

■ The movable conveyor (19) operates to hold the onion (a) at the top of the lifting conveyance path (c), but after moving to the horizontal conveyance section (the holding conveyance path (d)), the onion (a) is It is possible to start the operation. However, if the leaf stem is very long (
In the case of onion (a) having b), its leaf and stem part (b)
In some cases, the onion (a) may overlap the preceding onion (a), and in this case, it is better to hold the onion (a) at the upper part of the lifting conveyance path (c) than to start holding it in the horizontal conveyance section. There is an advantage that the leaf stem part (b) can be switched to a downward hanging position as shown in FIG. 1 while being lifted forward by the movable carrier (19).

O The leaf cutting device (14) may be as follows. In other words, it is also possible to arrange a pair of left and right discs facing each other at a constant interval, and install a plurality of long cutting blades at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, extending over the outer peripheral surface of the side discs (generally, a reel mower type ). However, although the cutting blade may be straight, the cutting performance is higher if the cutting blade is attached to the side disk at a staggered position in the circumferential direction and is twisted in a spiral shape.

■ The leaf cutting device (14) may be as follows. In other words, a single transmission shaft is installed along the cutting width direction, and a plurality of discs are attached to this transmission shaft at equal intervals in the axial direction so as to be able to rotate together, and a plate-like plate is attached to the side of each disc. A plurality of cutting blades may be attached, and the working part of the cutting blade may be extended horizontally toward an adjacent disk so that there is almost no gap between the disk and the cutting blade (
(Generally called flail blade 2).

(2) A large number of disk-shaped cutters whose rotating surfaces are perpendicular to the leaf and stem portion (b) may be arranged in parallel over the entire width of the cutting blade.

Incidentally, although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenient comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the onion harvesting machine according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a principle diagram showing how onions are transported, Fig. 2 is a front view showing the connection structure between the transport rod and the chain, and Fig. FIG. 4 is an overall side view, FIG. 4 is an overall rear view, and FIG. 5 is a side view showing the conventional conveyance state of onions. (1)...Front end excavation part, (11)...
- Lifting and conveying means, (12)...Holding and conveying means, (14)...Leaf cutting device, (16)...
...Rotating body (endless rotating body), (18), (19)
・・・・・・Pair of opening/closing conveyors, (a) ・・・・・・
Onion, (b)...Leaf and stem part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Lifting and conveying means (11) for receiving onions (a) dug up by the front end digging part (1) and transporting them upward, and the upper part of the lifting and conveying path (c) A pair of transport tools (18) and (19) that can be opened and closed to hold the onion (a) in a cradled state.
) and a holding conveyance means (12) arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch to a rotating body (16) for circularly rotating the holding conveyance path (d).
A leaf cutting device (
14) An onion harvesting machine comprising: 2. The leaf cutting device (14) is installed in a conveyance path region where the leaf and stem portion (b) of the onion (a) to be carried while hanging down from between the two conveyance tools (18) and (19). An onion harvesting machine according to claim 1. 3. Lifting conveyance means (11) and holding conveyance means (12)
The onion harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the onion harvesting machine is constituted by a series of endless rotation bands (16). 4. One (18) of both carriers (18) and (19) is attached to the rotating body (16) in a fixed posture, and the other (19) can swing open and close with respect to one carrier (18). Rotating body (1
6) The onion harvesting machine according to claim 1, which is installed in the onion harvesting machine according to claim 1.