【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業Ｌの利用分舒］
この発明は、掘り取った玉ねぎの葉茎部を切断して玉ね
ぎの球状部のみを回収する玉ねぎ収穫装置に関する．
［従来技術］
従来、この種の玉ねぎ収穫装置としては，実願昭６０−
３３７４１号として既に本出願人が出願しているように
、掘取装置によって掘り取られた玉ねぎを無端チェンか
らなる搬送装置によって一旦上方へ持ち上げ、搬送装置
の移送終端部において、その下方に位置する揺動棚上に
玉ねぎを放出し、揺動欄を搬送方向に繰返し揺動させる
過程で玉ねぎを反転させ、この反転された玉ねぎを揺動
棚下方に設けられた切断刃により所定長さに切断し、こ
れを機体後部のコンテナに回収する構成を採用していた
．
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］
ところで、上記した従来の装置では、揺動棚上で玉ねぎ
を往復揺動させながら後方へ移送する間にこれを反転さ
せ、揺動棚の桟から下方へ乗れた玉ねぎの葉茎部を回転
刃で切断する方式を採っていたため、玉ねぎの中には葉
茎部が下向き状態に反転せず，葉茎部が残ったままの状
態で回収されるものがあり，確実に葉茎部を切断するこ
とができなかった．
［問題を解決するための手段］
この発明は前記した問題点に鑑みて提案するものであっ
て、以下のような手段を講じた．即ち．掘り取られた玉
ねぎａを搬送する手段３、４と，搬送途中の玉ねぎａの
葉茎部Ｃを切断する葉茎切断手段１６とからなる玉ねぎ
収穫装置において、前記葉茎切断手段１６は玉ねぎａの
搬送方向が略反転状態に変更される地点を越えた箇所の
近傍に配設したことを特徴とする玉ねぎ収穫装置の構成
とするものである．
［実施例］
以下、図面に基づいてこの発明の実施例を説明する．
まず，構或から説明する．第１図は、この発明に係る玉
ねぎ収穫装置１全体の側面を示すものであって，玉ねぎ
収穫装置１はトラクターのＰＴＯ軸から回転動力を得て
矢印Ａ方向に回転駆動される掘取手段２，掘り取られた
玉ねぎａを上方（矢印Ｂ方向）へ搬送する第１！ＩＩ送
手段３，この第１搬送手段の搬送終端部から下方へ放て
きされた玉ねぎａを受けてこれを後方へ移送する第２搬
送手段４等からなり、第１、第２搬送手段３、４の間に
は、第１搬送手段３の端部から放出される玉ねぎａを左
右横方向に振り分ける振り分け装置５が設けられている
．
前記堀取手段２はチェン、スプロケット機構にて駆動さ
れ，また、第１搬送手段３は側面から見ると上端が後傾
するように斜めにして機枠７に支持され、後述する伝動
機構により、矢印Ｂ方向の回転が搬送部に与えられるよ
うに構威している．第ＩＩＩＩＩ送手段３は、玉ねぎａ
の載置部が形成された複数個のロッド９・・・を左右の
チェン８、８間に取付けて形威され、とのロッド９・・
・に玉ねぎａの球状部ｂを載せて上方へ持ち上げる．第
１搬送手段３の移送終端部に臨ませて設けられた左右振
り分け装置５は、複数個のローラ１０・・・からなり、
上下２段にしたローラｌＯ、１ｏを左右横方向に適当間
隔をあけて各々前後方向の軸芯廻りに回転自在に支持し
ている．したがって、第１搬送手段３の上端部から放出
された玉ねぎａは、この左右横方向に隣接するローラ群
１０、１０・・・の間を通って第２搬送手段４に受け継
がれる．第２搬送手段４は、無端チェン１１にてその移
送部が構成され、チェン１１の上面には、上方のみ開放
された箱体１２を移送方向に連続状に固着して設けてい
る．第２搬送手段４を構成する１つひとつの箱体１２は
第２図に示すように、平面から見ると、各ローラ１０と
ローラ１０との間を通過する位置関係に設けられている
．（この実施例では４条植えされた玉ねぎａを掘り取る
場合の構戊を示している．）
ｌ３・・・は箱体１２・・・の左右に近接させ、かつ搬
送方向に沿うようにして設けられた玉ねぎ葉茎部Ｃの案
内体であって、各案内体１３は水平板部１３ａとこれを
支える垂直板部１３ｂとからなり、水平板部１３ａは箱
体１２の上端より上方に位置する状態で垂直板部１３ｂ
の上部に略水平状に固着されている．そして、その終端
部は第ｌ図に示すように第２搬送手段４のチェン１１を
巻き掛けている後側のスプロケット１４の下方を廻り込
んで前方へ向かうように迂回延出させている．案内体ｌ
３の始端部における垂直部１３ｂの高さはそれ以外の部
分よりも低く構成されるとともに，平面から見たときの
隣接する水平板部１３ａ、１３ａの間隔は始端側が広く
、徐々に狭くなるように構成している．
即ち、第２図及び第４図に示すように、水平板部１３ａ
、１３ａの始端部の間隔は玉ねぎａの球状部ｂが通過で
きる程度に広く構威し、後側に至るにしたがって間隔を
狭め、途中から一定間隔となし、その間隙には玉ねぎａ
の葉茎部Ｃだけが通過できる間隙を設けている．
この状態で玉ねぎａを載せた箱体１２が後方へ移送され
ると、後側のスプロケット１４の外周を回った箱体１２
はやがて反転し、玉ねぎａｔ＋４Ｊ茎部Ｃが下向きとな
るように反転する．この場合、このコーナ一部を玉ねぎ
ａが通過するときには、玉ねぎａの球状部ｂは、箱体１
２と案内体ｌ３との協働作用によって落下しない状態に
保持され、葉茎部Ｃのみが遠心力の働きで大きく外側へ
振られる．このため、葉茎部Ｃはここを通過した途端に
葉茎部Ｃが下向きとなる垂下姿勢に維持される．この姿
勢で搬送された玉ねぎａは案内体１３の前方に連設した
断面山型状の補助案内体１５にそのまま受け継がれる．
１６は回転刃１７を有する葉茎切断装置であって，前記
反転部の近傍にその回転刃１７の先端が臨むようにか設
けられている．第２搬送手段４の下方かつ補助案内体１
５の前方には、葉茎部Ｃが切断された玉ねぎａを受け止
めてこれを左右横方向外側へ向けて送る搬送手段として
のコンベア１８を設け、このコンベア１８の端部には玉
ねぎａを回収するコンテナ２０を機枠７上に載置してい
る．
次に第３図の動力伝達線図に基づいて，この装置の伝動
系を説明する．
２２は機枠７の前部に取付けられたべベルギャボックス
で、前方へ向けて入力軸２３を軸架し、横向きに取り出
したシャフト２４の端部にはプーリ２５を固着している
．機枠７の下部に設置された減速ギャケース２６には２
本のシャフト２７、２８を水平横向きに突出軸架し、シ
ャフト２７には２段プーり２９を、また、シャフト２８
にはスプロケット３０を取付けている．
３１はプーり２５、２９間に巻き回されたベルト、３２
、３３は夫々第１搬送手段３のトップシャフトとアンダ
ーシャフトで、トップシャフト３２の一側には２個のス
プロケット３４，３５が固着され、反対側にはスプロケ
ット３６が固着されている．第１搬送手段３のアンダー
シャフト３３に取り付けたスブロケット３８と前記トッ
プシャフト３２のスプロケット３６との間にはチェン８
を掛け回し、また，アンダーシャフト３３の外端に固着
したスプロケット３９と堀取手段２のトップシャフト４
０外端に取り付けたスプロケット４８
ｌとの間にはチェン４２を掛け回している．４３は前記
第２搬送手段４を駆動する鄭動シャフトで、端部に２個
のスプロケット４３、４４を固着し、第１搬送手段３の
スプロケット３５と前記駆動シ３
ヤフト４Ｑに固着したスプロケット４３間に介装したチ
ェン４５により，第１搬送手段３側の回転動力を第２搬
送手段４側へ伝達すべく構成している．符号４７は減速
ギヤケース２６のシャフト２２
♀に固着したスプロケット３０と第１ｖａ送手段３のト
ップシャフト３２端部に固着したスプロケット３４との
間に巻き回されたチェン，５０は葉茎切断装置１６に回
転動力を伝える駆動シャフト、５１はそのシャフト５０
端部に固着されたプーリ、５２はこのプーり５１と減速
ギヤケース２６に軸架されたシャフト２７端部に取り付
けられた２段プーり２９との間に巻き回されたベルトで
ある．５５は前記駆動コンベア１８を駆動するためのｇ
伝動機構であって前記駆動シャフト４遮から回転動力を
得て駆動され、その回転はさらにチェン・スブロケット
機構５６によってコンベア１８側に伝えられ、コンベア
ｌ８を一方向に回転する．次にこの実施例の作用を説明
する．
玉ねぎ収穫装置１をトラクター等の動力車両に連結牽引
して各回転部を駆動しながら機体を前進させると，堀取
手段２を構成する搬送チェンと第１搬送手段３のチェン
８は第１図の矢印Ａ．Ｂ方向に回転し、これにより、掘
り取った玉ねぎａを順次上方へ持ち上げて行く．そして
，第１搬送手段３の移送終端部から玉ねぎａが下方へ落
下放出されると、重い球状部ｂを下方として連続状に落
下する玉ねぎａは振り分け装［５のローラ１０・・・に
当接しながら適宜左右横方向に分散放てきされ、各日ー
ラ１０・・・間を通って第２搬送手段４の箱体ｌ２内に
納められる．この状態で玉ねぎａが搬送方向下手側（こ
の実施例では後方）へ送られると、傾いたり、あるいは
横向きとなった葉茎部Ｃは案内体１３の隙間を通過する
間に葉茎部Ｃの向きが揃えられ、葉茎部Ｃを案内体１３
の隙間から上方へ突出させながら切断装置１６側へ移送
される．玉ねぎａが第２搬送手段４の終端側に至り、箱
体１２が反転し始めると、葉茎部Ｃに大きな遠心力が作
用し、このため、反転を終了する間に葉茎部Ｃは案内体
１３の隙間から勢いよく飛びだすことになる．この飛び
だした葉茎部Ｃは，垂下姿勢に保持されたまま、第５図
に示すようにさらに補助案内体１５へ送られる．そして
，次々に後方から送られてくる玉ねぎａ自体によって、
あるいは前方へ移動している箱体工２によって玉ねぎａ
は順次前方へ押し出され、この間、その下方で回転して
いる葉茎切断装置１６の回転刃１７により、その葉茎部
Ｃは所定長さに切断される。そして、葉茎部Ｃが切断さ
れた玉ねぎａはコンベア１８上に落とされて機体の横方
向外側まで搬送され、機枠７に載置されたコンテナ２０
に回収されるものである．
［発明の効果］
この発明は前記の如く構威したので、次の技術的効果を
奏する．即ち、玉ねぎａの葉茎部Ｃを切断する葉茎切断
手段１６は、搬送方向が反転する地点を越えた箇所の近
傍に設けられているため、遠心力が作用して大きく振り
回され一方向に揃えられた直後の葉茎部Ｃに切断刃を確
実に作用させることができるので，葉茎部Ｃの切り落と
しミスを減少させることができる．DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Utilization of Industry L] This invention relates to an onion harvesting device that cuts the leaf and stem portions of dug onions and collects only the spherical portions of the onions. [Prior art] Conventionally, this type of onion harvesting device was developed in the 1980s.
As already filed by the present applicant as No. 33741, onions dug up by a digging device are once lifted upward by a conveying device consisting of an endless chain, and positioned below at the transfer end of the conveying device. The onions are released onto the swinging shelf, the onions are turned over during the process of repeatedly swinging the swinging column in the transport direction, and the turned onions are cut into a predetermined length by a cutting blade installed below the swinging shelf. This was then collected in a container at the rear of the aircraft. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional device, while the onions are being transferred backwards while being reciprocated on the swinging shelf, the onions are reversed, and the onions are moved downward from the crosspiece of the swinging shelf. Because the method used was to cut off the leaves and stems of the onions that had fallen on top of them using a rotating blade, some onions were collected with the leaves and stems intact instead of turning them downwards. Therefore, it was not possible to reliably cut the leaves and stems. [Means for solving the problem] This invention was proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the following measures were taken. That is. In an onion harvesting device comprising means 3, 4 for conveying the dug onion a, and a leaf and stem cutting means 16 for cutting the leaf and stem part C of the onion a during conveyance, the leaf and stem cutting means 16 is configured to cut the onion a. The onion harvesting device is characterized in that the onion harvesting device is disposed near a point beyond the point where the conveyance direction of the onion is changed to a substantially reversed state. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. First, I will explain the structure. FIG. 1 shows a side view of the entire onion harvesting device 1 according to the present invention, in which the onion harvesting device 1 has a digging means 2 which is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow A by obtaining rotational power from the PTO shaft of a tractor. , the first one transports the dug onion a upward (in the direction of arrow B)! II conveying means 3, a second conveying means 4 for receiving the onion a thrown downward from the conveying terminal end of the first conveying means and conveying it rearward, and the like, the first and second conveying means 3, 4, there is provided a sorting device 5 for sorting the onions a discharged from the end of the first conveying means 3 in the left and right directions. The digging means 2 is driven by a chain and sprocket mechanism, and the first conveying means 3 is supported by the machine frame 7 in an oblique manner so that its upper end is tilted backwards when viewed from the side, and is driven by a transmission mechanism to be described later. It is designed so that rotation in the direction of arrow B is applied to the conveying section. The third feeding means 3 is an onion a
A plurality of rods 9... having mounting portions formed thereon are attached between the left and right chains 8, 8, and the rods 9...
・Place the bulbous part b of the onion a on top and lift it upward. The left/right sorting device 5 provided facing the end of the transfer of the first conveyance means 3 is composed of a plurality of rollers 10...
Rollers 10 and 1o arranged in two stages (upper and lower) are supported at appropriate intervals in the left and right directions so as to be rotatable about their respective axes in the front and rear directions. Therefore, the onion a discharged from the upper end of the first conveyance means 3 passes between the roller groups 10, 10, . The second conveying means 4 has an endless chain 11 as its conveying section, and a box body 12 which is open only at the top is provided on the upper surface of the chain 11 and is fixed continuously in the conveying direction. As shown in FIG. 2, each box 12 constituting the second conveyance means 4 is provided in a positional relationship such that it passes between each roller 10 when viewed from above. (This example shows a configuration for digging up onions a planted in four rows.) l3... are placed close to the left and right sides of the box body 12... and along the conveyance direction. Each guide body 13 is composed of a horizontal plate part 13a and a vertical plate part 13b supporting the onion leaf stem part C, and the horizontal plate part 13a is located above the upper end of the box body 12. Vertical plate part 13b in the state of
It is fixed almost horizontally to the top of the. As shown in FIG. 1, the terminal end of the chain 11 of the second conveying means 4 is wrapped around the rear sprocket 14, and extends forward in a detour manner. Guide l
The height of the vertical portion 13b at the starting end of No. 3 is configured to be lower than the other portions, and the interval between adjacent horizontal plate portions 13a, 13a when viewed from above is wide on the starting end side and gradually narrows. It is structured as follows. That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the horizontal plate portion 13a
, 13a are wide enough to allow the spherical part b of the onion a to pass through, and the interval narrows toward the rear, becoming a constant interval from the middle.
A gap is provided through which only the leaf and stem C can pass. When the box body 12 carrying the onion a is transferred rearward in this state, the box body 12 goes around the outer circumference of the rear sprocket 14.
Eventually, the onion at+4J will be reversed so that the stem C is facing downward. In this case, when the onion a passes through a part of this corner, the spherical part b of the onion a
2 and guide body 13 to keep it from falling, and only the leaf and stem part C is swung outward by the action of centrifugal force. For this reason, as soon as the leaf and stem part C passes through this point, the leaf and stem part C is maintained in a hanging posture in which the leaf and stem part C points downward. The onion a transported in this posture is transferred as it is to the auxiliary guide body 15 which is connected in front of the guide body 13 and has a chevron-shaped cross section. Reference numeral 16 denotes a leaf and stem cutting device having a rotary blade 17, which is installed so that the tip of the rotary blade 17 faces near the reversal section. Below the second conveying means 4 and the auxiliary guide body 1
A conveyor 18 is provided in front of the conveyor 18 as a conveying means for receiving onions a whose leaf and stem parts C have been cut and sending them outward in the left and right lateral directions. A container 20 is placed on the machine frame 7. Next, the transmission system of this device will be explained based on the power transmission diagram in Figure 3. Reference numeral 22 denotes a bevel gear box attached to the front of the machine frame 7, on which an input shaft 23 is mounted facing forward, and a pulley 25 is fixed to the end of the shaft 24 taken out sideways. The reduction gear case 26 installed at the bottom of the machine frame 7 has two
The shafts 27 and 28 of books are mounted horizontally with protruding shafts, and the shaft 27 is equipped with a two-stage pulley 29, and the shaft 28 is
sprocket 30 is attached to. 31 is a belt wound between pulleys 25 and 29, 32
, 33 are the top shaft and undershaft of the first conveying means 3, respectively. Two sprockets 34 and 35 are fixed to one side of the top shaft 32, and a sprocket 36 is fixed to the opposite side. A chain 8 is disposed between the sprocket 38 attached to the undershaft 33 of the first conveying means 3 and the sprocket 36 of the top shaft 32.
The sprocket 39 fixed to the outer end of the undershaft 33 and the top shaft 4 of the digging means 2
A chain 42 is threaded between the sprocket 48 and the sprocket 48 l attached to the outer end of the chain. Reference numeral 43 denotes a moving shaft for driving the second conveying means 4, which has two sprockets 43 and 44 fixed to its ends, and a sprocket 43 fixed to the sprocket 35 of the first conveying means 3 and the shaft 4Q of the drive shaft 3. The structure is such that rotational power from the first conveyance means 3 side is transmitted to the second conveyance means 4 side by a chain 45 interposed therebetween. Reference numeral 47 indicates a chain wound between the sprocket 30 fixed to the shaft 22♀ of the reduction gear case 26 and the sprocket 34 fixed to the end of the top shaft 32 of the first VA feeding means 3, and 50 indicates the chain wound around the leaf and stem cutting device 16. A drive shaft that transmits rotational power, 51 is the shaft 50
A pulley 52 fixed to the end is a belt wound between this pulley 51 and a two-stage pulley 29 attached to the end of the shaft 27 which is mounted on the reduction gear case 26. Reference numeral 55 denotes a transmission mechanism for driving the drive conveyor 18, which is driven by obtaining rotational power from the drive shaft 4 block, and its rotation is further transmitted to the conveyor 18 side by a chain block mechanism 56, and the rotation is transmitted to the conveyor 18 side by a chain block mechanism 56. Rotate in one direction. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When the onion harvesting device 1 is connected to and towed by a power vehicle such as a tractor and the machine moves forward while driving each rotating part, the conveying chain constituting the digging means 2 and the chain 8 of the first conveying means 3 are arranged as shown in FIG. arrow A. It rotates in direction B, thereby lifting the dug onions a one by one upward. Then, when the onions a are dropped downward from the transfer end of the first conveyance means 3, the onions a falling continuously with the heavy spherical part b downward hit the rollers 10 of the sorting device [5]. While in contact with each other, they are dispersed and released in the left and right directions as appropriate, and are housed in the box l2 of the second conveying means 4 after passing between each roller 10. In this state, when the onion a is sent to the lower side in the conveyance direction (backward in this example), the leaf and stem part C, which is tilted or turned sideways, passes through the gap between the guide members 13. The orientation is aligned, and the leaf stem part C is guided by the guide body 13
It is transferred to the cutting device 16 side while protruding upward from the gap. When the onion a reaches the terminal end of the second conveyance means 4 and the box 12 begins to be reversed, a large centrifugal force acts on the leaf and stem portion C, and therefore, the leaf and stalk portion C is guided while the inversion is completed. It will fly out from the gap in the body 13 with great force. This protruding leaf and stem part C is further sent to the auxiliary guide body 15 as shown in FIG. 5 while being held in a hanging position. Then, by the onion a itself, which is sent one after another from behind,
Or onion a by box worker 2 moving forward.
are successively pushed forward, and during this time, the rotary blade 17 of the leaf and stem cutting device 16 rotating below cuts the leaf and stem portion C into a predetermined length. Then, the onion a whose leaf and stem portions C have been cut is dropped onto the conveyor 18 and transported to the outside of the machine in the lateral direction, and the container 20 placed on the machine frame 7
It is collected in [Effects of the Invention] Since this invention is constructed as described above, it has the following technical effects. That is, since the leaf and stalk cutting means 16 for cutting the leaf and stalk part C of onion a is provided near a point beyond the point where the conveying direction is reversed, centrifugal force acts and the leaf and stalk part C is swung around in one direction. Since the cutting blade can be reliably applied to the leaf and stem portions C that have just been aligned, errors in cutting off the leaf and stalk portions C can be reduced.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]
図はこの発明の実施例を示し、第１図は玉ねぎ収Ｎ装置
の全体側面図、第２図は一部を省略した平面図，第３図
は動力伝動系を示す動力伝達線図、第４図、第５図は要
部の斜視図である．符号の説明
玉ねぎ収穫装置
堀取手段
第１搬送手段
第２Ｗｉ送手段
葉茎切断装置The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is an overall side view of the onion storage and nitrogen device, Fig. 2 is a partially omitted plan view, Fig. 3 is a power transmission diagram showing the power transmission system, and Fig. 3 is a power transmission diagram showing the power transmission system. Figures 4 and 5 are perspective views of the main parts. Description of symbols Onion harvesting device Digging means First conveying means Second Wi conveying means Leaf and stem cutting device