JP3578812B2 - Self-propelled root vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a transport unit of a self-propelled root vegetable harvester that excavates root vegetables such as radishes and carrots from the soil, transports them, and stores them in a storage container, and a configuration of a lifting mechanism thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, root vegetable harvesters such as radish are known, and a hoe-shaped excavator arranged at the tip is inserted into the soil, excavated from the soil below the root vegetables, and Extending the pulling conveyor upward and backward from the upper rear, holding the root portion of the root vegetable from both sides with the belt of the pulling conveyor, transporting the root vegetable diagonally upward, disposing a cutter at the rear end of the transport unit, A technique of cutting the root of a root vegetable leaf by the cutter and storing the root in a storage container is known. For example, the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-54613 is also known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in conventional root cropping machines, the excavator and the pulling and conveying device are configured to move up and down separately, so that they are lifted each time they rotate, so that the height of each must be adjusted at the start of the next operation. And the relative height also changes, making adjustments cumbersome. In addition, it was difficult to maintain the root at an appropriate height with respect to changes in the growing state of the root vegetables and the height of the field scene. In addition, since the drawing and conveying device is configured linearly from the front end to the rear end, if the drawing and conveying device and the elevating device of the excavator are arranged at the side, the length in the width direction becomes long, and if the drawing and conveying device is arranged at the bottom, the overall height is increased. And the inclination of the pull-out conveying device becomes steep, the working length of the pull-out becomes short, and the pull-out device cannot be pulled out reliably.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention uses the following means in order to solve the above problems.
In claim 1, the pulling conveyor B is projected forward and downward from the traveling machine so as to be able to ascend and descend, the pulling conveyor B is inclined upward and rearward, and a placing conveyor D having a triangular shape in a side view is arranged below the rear portion thereof. The root conveyor is housed in a storage container F, and the drawing conveyor B is formed in a "-" shape in plan view. Path N, the straight conveying path M is displaced inward to a position where it does not overlap with the loading conveyor D in plan view, and the inclined conveying path N crosses above the loading conveyor D having an appropriate width. , A lifting link mechanism T is disposed in a space in front of the inclined transport path N in parallel with the straight transport path M, and a digging device A is disposed at a front end of the lifting link mechanism T. during the direct conveying path M and the lifting link Organization T, the withdrawal conveyor B It is obtained by a conveyor lifting cylinder 29 for later placed.
[0005]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the self-propelled root vegetable harvesting machine according to the first aspect, a hydraulic cylinder 19 that raises and lowers the pulling conveyor B at the same time as the excavating device A at the portion of the lifting link mechanism T in front of the inclined conveyance path N. Is arranged .
[0006]
[Action]
By using the means as described above, align the pulling conveyor with the root vegetable on the ridge, dig from the side of the ridge, insert the tip of the claw into the soil below the pulling conveyor, and move forward with the root vegetable. The roots of the root vegetables are pulled out by the pull-out conveyor while nipping the roots of the root vegetables and transporting them backwards.When the extracted root vegetables are in the direct transport path, the lower end of the root vegetables does not interfere with the upper surface of the loading conveyor. , And can be pulled up in a proper and orderly posture without disturbing the hanging posture.
Then, starting from the skewed conveying path, the lower part of the transfer root vegetable abuts on the slope part of the loading conveyor, and the posture is changed in the lateral direction while moving on the slope part of the loading conveyor. The leaf is released, and the leaf is cut by the leaf cutting device at the time of rearward conveyance in the flat placing portion, and the cut leaf is dropped on the ridge by the shooter, and the leaf is moved. The cut root is further transported rearward and stored in the storage container. The relative distance between the excavating claw and the pull-out conveyor can be finely adjusted independently of the elevating movement of the excavating device by extending and retracting the elevating cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder can be moved up and down simultaneously with the extracting conveyer and the excavating claw.
[0007]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is an overall side view of the self-propelled root vegetable harvester of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a front view thereof, FIG. 4 is a side view of a pull-out conveyor and a placement conveyor, and FIG. It is.
[0008]
The overall configuration of the self-propelled root vegetable harvester will be described with reference to FIGS. First, a front crawler traveling device 2L, 2R and a rear crawler traveling device 3L, 3R are disposed below the horizontal main frame 1, and the front crawler traveling device 2L, 2R is operated by an upper operation. The steering can be performed by a steering operation using a steering handle 5 arranged in the section G. The operation unit G is formed on the right front of the main frame 1 and above the right crawler traveling device 2R.
That is, an operation column 4 is erected on the upper right front of the main frame 1, and a steering handle 5 is protruded above the operation column 4. An engine room 6 is provided behind the operation column 4, and an engine E is built in the engine room 6, and a driver's seat 7 is provided on the engine room 6. Further, a fuel tank is mounted on the main frame 1 at a position behind the engine room 6.
[0009]
A series of devices for harvesting root vegetables that are digged, conveyed, cut off the leaf portion, and accommodated are arranged from the front left side of the main frame 1 (the side opposite to the operation portion G) to the rear side. First, a digging device A for digging up root vegetables in the soil from the left front portion of the main frame 1, and a pulling-out conveyor for holding and transporting a leaf portion of the digged root vegetables from a rear portion of the digging device A. B, a loading conveyor D, a leaf cutting device C outside the loading conveyor D, and a storage container F behind the loading conveyor D are mounted below the rear end of the loading conveyor D.
[0010]
Each of such a series of root vegetable harvesting apparatuses will be specifically described. First, in the excavating device A, a turning fulcrum shaft 14 is horizontally provided at a front end portion of the main frame 1, and a rear portion of the lower link 13 is pivotally supported by the turning fulcrum shaft 14. An elevating frame 15 is erected, and a top link supporting shaft 15a is provided at an upper end of the elevating frame 15, and a rear end of the top link 16 is pivotally supported by the top link supporting shaft 15a. As described above, the lifting link mechanism T is disposed on the front side of the pulling conveyor B.
Further, the front end of the top link 16 and the front end of the lower link 13 are pivotally supported by the mounting body 12. On the front side of the lifting link mechanism T, that is, on the front end of the mounting body 12, a hoe-shaped excavating claw 9 formed in a substantially L-shape in a front view is disposed. A mounting portion for the gauge wheel 11 that determines the height of the claw is provided on the front side surface.
[0011]
The upper part of the excavating claw 9 is attached to the distal end of the crank arm 10 so as to be adjustable in the vertical position. The middle part of the crank arm 10 is pivotally supported by the distal end of the mounting body 12, and the rear end is composed of a pair of plate bodies. The eccentric cam is fixed to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor M1 fixed to the side surface of the mounting body 12, and the cam is rotated by the hydraulic motor M1 to rotate the cam. The crank arm 10 performs a crank motion, whereby the excavating claw 9 swings back and forth to dig up in the soil.
[0012]
An elevating arm 17 is fixed to a rear end of the lower link 13, and a tip of the elevating arm 17 is pivotally connected to a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 19, and the hydraulic cylinder 19 is expanded and contracted to thereby rotate the fulcrum. The lower link 13 rotates about the shaft 14 so that the excavating claw 9 provided on the mounting body 12 can be moved up and down, and the pulling conveyor B can be moved up and down.
[0013]
And the pulling conveyor B which is a main part of the present invention is provided to be inclined upward and backward, and the pulling conveyor B is formed in a “く” shape in plan view, forming a bent portion P in the middle, The front part of the bent portion P is arranged at a substantially central portion in the lateral direction of the machine in parallel with the traveling direction, and the rear portion of the bent portion P is defined as a skew transport path N, which is located outside of the center portion. ). The pull-out conveyor B has pulleys 23, 23,... Disposed at the front and rear ends of the transfer frames 21L, 21R and the bent portion P, and the holding belts 25L, 25R are wound around these pulleys, and guided at the bent portion P.
The axis of the left and right rear pulleys 23 is a rotary drive shaft, and a transmission 26 is provided at the upper end of the rotary shaft and is interlocked with a bevel gear via a horizontal shaft to rotate the left and right pulleys in opposite directions. The holding belts 25L and 25R can be transported rearward. Further, a frame 20 is erected on a middle portion of the main frame 1, and a turning shaft 27 is horizontally laid on an upper end portion of the frame 20. The turning shaft 27 serves as a turning fulcrum of the pull-out conveyor B and is driven. It is also driven by a hydraulic motor, and is disposed behind a bent portion H of a loading conveyor D described later.
[0014]
Also, the transfer frames 21L and 21R arranged side by side are integrally connected by connecting frames 22 and 22. A conveyor lifting cylinder 29 is interposed therebetween, and when the conveyor lifting cylinder 29 is not extended or retracted, when the hydraulic cylinder 19 is raised and lowered, the drawing conveyor A and the pulling conveyor B are also raised and lowered, and the conveyor lifting cylinder By independently driving 29, the pull-out conveyors B can be individually raised and lowered in accordance with the height of the ridge surface, the root of root vegetables, the height of leaves, and the like. The conveyer elevating cylinder 29 and the elevating link mechanism T are arranged in a space in front of the skewing conveyance path N, and utilize the space effectively.
[0015]
At the front end of the pull-out conveyor B, a divider 30 is detachably provided, and the divider 30 is provided with scraping belts 32, 32 protruding from the tines 32a, 32a,. It is transmitted from the pulley 23 of the conveyor B. A tail cutting device 31 for root vegetables is disposed below the drawing conveyor B at the rear.
[0016]
A loading conveyor D is disposed below the rear part of the pulling conveyor B in the front-rear direction. That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the loading conveyor D is raised and located behind the bent portion P of the conveyor B, at a position where it does not overlap with the direct transport path M, and outside the direct transport path M. In other words, the straight conveying path M is disposed so as to be displaced more inward than the loading conveyor D, and the inclined conveying path N is disposed so as to obliquely cross over a slope J described later. .
[0017]
The specific configuration of the loading conveyor D is formed in a triangular shape in a side view, and the rollers 33, 34, and 35 are pivotally supported on the respective vertices, the transport belt 36 is wound, and the rollers 33 are positioned at the lower front. The roller 35 is disposed above the storage container F, the roller 34 is positioned between the roller 33 and the roller 35, and the portion of the roller 34 is defined as a bent portion H, and the space between the roller 33 and the roller 34 is inclined forward. , And the space between the roller 34 and the roller 35 is substantially horizontal at substantially the same height to form a flat mounting portion K. The rear end of the drawing conveyor B is positioned above the flat mounting portion K.
[0018]
On the right side of the rollers 33 and 34 on the support shafts 44 and 45, sprockets 37 and 38 are provided, respectively. A sprocket 39 is provided, a transport chain 40 is wound between the sprockets 37, 38, and 39 in a triangular shape, and sprockets 41 and 42 are similarly provided on the left side of the support shaft 45 and the support shaft 46. The transport chain 43 is wound only on the flat mounting portion K. The transport chains 40, 43 are provided with tines 40a, 43a,... At predetermined intervals, respectively, so as to protrude only when the upper portion of the loading conveyor D is rotated. Are retracted at the rear of the vehicle, and a roller 35 is disposed behind the tine 40a.
[0019]
Further, pulleys 47 and 48 are fixed to the right side of the sprockets 37 and 38 on the support shafts 44 and 45, and an auxiliary transport belt 49 is wound around the pulleys 47 and 48. A guide roller 50 is rotatably arranged below the pulling conveyor B diagonally right forward of the loading conveyor D. Then, power is transmitted from the rotation shaft 27 to the support shaft 45 of the roller 34, and the transport belt 36, the transport chains 40 and 43, and the auxiliary transport belt 49 are driven.
[0020]
Further, a leaf cutting device C is disposed outside (on the left side of) the middle of the flat mounting portion K, and an upper opening of the shooter S is disposed below the leaf cutting device C. Is provided with a detachable support frame 52 on the side of the loading conveyor D, a chain case 53 over the support frame 52, a hydraulic motor M2 disposed on the rear side surface of the chain case 53, and a chain. The cutting blade 54 is arranged on the front side surface of the case 53, and the cutting blade 54 is rotated by the power of the hydraulic motor M2 to cut the leaves while the root vegetables are being conveyed. The lower part of the shooter S is extended downward in the center, so that the cut leaf portion falls into the shooter S and falls on the ridge from which the root vegetables have been extracted.
[0021]
In such a configuration, the excavation claw 9 is adjusted to a predetermined depth by the gauge wheel 11, and the divider 30 located at the tip of the pull-out conveyor B is located at the upper part of the ridge, and When the conveyor elevator cylinder 29 is extended and retracted and adjusted so as to be able to hold the part, and the work is performed while moving forward, the root vegetables are excavated and lifted by the rocking of the claws 9, and the leaves of the root vegetables are brought to the center by the divider 30. The leaf portion is pinched by the pinching belts 25L and 25R, and is pulled out while being conveyed backward by the direct conveyance path M.
[0022]
Then, the root lower end of the root vegetable is cut by the tail cutting device 31 during the upward transport, the root portion of the root vegetable comes into contact with the guide roller 50 from near the bent portion P in the middle of the drawing conveyor B, and the leaf portion is inclined. N, the roots are inclined obliquely rearward, the roots are inclined, and while being conveyed rearward, the roots ride on the auxiliary conveyance belt 49 of the loading conveyor D, enter between the tines 40a, 40a of the conveyance chain 40, and are conveyed. The sheet is placed on the belt 36 and gradually conveyed upward on the slope J while being horizontally turned in the horizontal direction.
Then, when reaching the flat placing portion K, the leaves are released from the pull-out conveyor B, fall on the placing conveyor D, and enter between the tines 43a of the transport chain 43. The root vegetables are sent rearward in a horizontal state at the flat mounting portion K, and extra leaves are cut off by the leaf cutting device C on the way. At this time, the root vegetables are displaced by being pinched by the tines 43a. The leaves fall from the shooter S onto the ridge. Thereafter, the root vegetables are released from the tines 43a, 43a, and conveyed only by the conveyor belt 36 at the rear end, and fall into the storage container F without being caught by the tines 43a, 43a at the rear end, and are stored.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects. That is, when the extracted root vegetables are in the direct conveyance path, since the root vegetables are pulled out without interfering with the upper surface of the placing conveyor, the root vegetables are pulled up without disturbing the hanging posture, Regardless of the length of the root vegetables, and regardless of the vertical movement of the pull-out conveyor, the pull-up conveyor can be pulled up in a suitable posture while being held in the hanging posture. Then, starting from the skewed conveyance path, the lower part of the transfer root vegetables is brought into contact with the slope portion of the loading conveyor, the posture is changed in the lateral direction while moving on the slope portion of the loading conveyor, and the whole is pulled out. The root vegetables can be transported and changed in posture smoothly and without any damage.
In addition, since the conveyor lifting cylinder 29 for raising and lowering the pulling conveyor B is provided, it is possible to adjust the height of the pulling conveyor B during the work so that it can easily be adjusted to the height of the irregularities on the ridge upper surface and the height of the root vegetables extending to the ground surface. You can do it.
[0024]
With the configuration as described in claim 2, the relative distance between the excavating device A and the drawing conveyor B is finely adjusted by the conveyor elevating cylinder 29, so that the excavating device A can be moved independently of the elevating and lowering operation. Only the height of the pulling conveyor can be adjusted inside .
Further, since both the excavating device A and the drawing conveyor B can be moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinder 19 that moves the excavating device A and the drawing conveyor B at the same time, the positioning can be easily performed at the time of traveling.
In addition, the conveyor lifting cylinder 29, the hydraulic cylinder 19 for raising and lowering the drawing conveyor B at the same time as the excavating device A, and the lifting link mechanism can all be accommodated in the bent portion of the drawing conveyor. It is possible to keep the overall configuration compact by keeping it low.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a self-propelled root vegetable harvester of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the same.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a drawing conveyor and a placing conveyor.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the same.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List A Excavating device B Pull-out conveyor D Loading conveyor F Storage container P Bending section M Straight conveying path N Inclined conveying path 1 Main frame 9 Digging claw 12 Mounting body 13 Lower link 16 Top link 29 Conveyor elevating cylinder

Claims (2)

The pull-out conveyor B is protruded forward and downward from the traveling machine body so that the pull-out conveyor B can be inclined upward and rearward, and a placement conveyor D formed in a triangular shape in a side view is arranged below the rear portion thereof to store root vegetables. F, wherein the draw-out conveyor B is formed in a “C” shape in plan view, a straight transport path M is provided in front of the bent portion P in the central portion, and an inclined transport path N is provided in the rear portion. The conveying path M is displaced inward to a position where the conveying path M does not overlap with the placing conveyor D in plan view, and the inclined conveying path N is arranged to cross over the placing conveyor D having an appropriate width, and An elevating link mechanism T is arranged in the space in front of the transport path N in parallel with the direct transport path M, and a digging device A is disposed at the front end of the elevating link mechanism T, and Conveyor lifting and lowering pulling conveyor B between link mechanism T Self-propelled root vegetable harvester, characterized in that a Linder 29. 2. The self-propelled root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a hydraulic cylinder 19 for raising and lowering the pulling conveyor B simultaneously with the excavating device A is arranged at a portion of the lifting link mechanism T in front of the inclined conveyance path N. A self-propelled root vegetable harvester.

Images