JPH07322710A - Mud-removing structure of crop seedling harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a mud-removing transfer apparatus having a structure to remove attached mud by transferring a mud-removing claw in lateral direction relative to the transfer direction to attain sure and more effective mud- removing function such as the removal of the mud from a part unable to clean by conventional apparatus. CONSTITUTION:This harvester is provided with a clamping and hoisting apparatus 2 to hold a seedling dug out from the ground and lift and transfer the seedling backward in suspended state and a mud-removing transfer apparatus 3 receiving the seedling from the hoisting apparatus 2 and removing the mud of the root part while transferring the seedling backward. The mud-removing transfer apparatus 3 is composed of a transfer mechanism 3A to transfer the seedling backward and a mud-removing mechanism 3B driving and transferring a number of mud-removing claws 18 acting on the root part of the transferred seedling from under. An oscillation member 20 having a number of mud- removing claws 18 planted on the member is moved in interlocked state by a crank shaft 21 of the mud-removing mechanism 3B to apply an eccentric circular motion to the oscillation member on a plane along the transfer direction of the transfer mechanism 3A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crop seedling harvester that mechanizes a series of operations for extracting and harvesting a mother plant of a root-rooted crop seedling such as straw grass. The technology for realizing the drop function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a crop seedling harvesting machine, the actual Kaihei 4-8
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 0306 is already known. This publication discloses the mechanization of a series of seedling harvesting steps from the extraction of straw grass in the ground, the removal of mud, and the collection on the machine.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the above publication,
The seedlings are suspended and lifted by the sandwiching and lifting device (reference B), and the mud is dropped by the paired belts so that many protruding claws (reference 11) act on the roots of the suspended seedlings. The device (reference C) has a structure to sludge down, and the nip-lifting device (reference B) and the sludge removal device (reference C) are driven so that the transport directions thereof coincide with each other, and their transport speeds are mutually different. It is set to be equal.

[0004] With this technique, the posture of the seedlings is unlikely to change even after passing through the mud-removing device, but there seems to be room for improvement in terms of mud-removing. Because,
Although the protruding claws protrude from the lateral side to the root, the protruding claws have a loosening effect by opening the space between the adjacent protruding claws when passing around the periphery of the rear wheel body. However, it is in a relatively stationary state, and it is difficult to obtain an effective mud-removing action on the adhered mud. An object of the present invention is to obtain a crop seedling harvester capable of exhibiting a more effective mud removing effect by devising a mud removing device.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a sandwiching and lifting system for transporting seedlings dug from the ground rearward and upward in a hanging posture with the stems sandwiched. An apparatus and a sludge transporting device that transports the seedlings to be transferred backward while removing the mud at the root of the seedlings. Consists of a mud dropping mechanism that drives and moves a large number of mud dropping nails that act from below on the roots of transported seedlings.The mud dropping mechanism reciprocates the mud dropping nail laterally to the transport direction of the transport mechanism. It is characterized in that it is configured in a state in which

[0006]

According to the above-mentioned characteristic structure, as will be described in detail in the embodiments, since the mud dropping claws reciprocate laterally with respect to the seedlings being carried, the mud dropping carrying device and the sandwiching and lifting device carry it. Regardless of the speed difference, the mud dropping claws are constantly moved with respect to the root portion, and the mud dropping claws are not stationary with respect to the root portion as in the conventional case. In other words, the transfer movement of the seedlings and the lateral movement of the mud-dropping claws continuously exert the action of actively cleaning the adhering mud, and moreover, they can be exerted over the entire root part to effectively remove the mud. It comes to scrape. Also, since the mud dropping claws reciprocate, the seedlings hung down without being biased laterally to the side as in the case of providing the mud dropping claws that rotate and move in a fixed direction. Mud will be dropped in a stable state while maintaining the suspended posture.

[0007]

As a result, the mud dropping claws are moved laterally with respect to the transport direction so that the mud can be slid off in a portion which cannot be sludged by the conventional method. A drop conveyor was obtained.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a harvester for a straw seedling strain, which is an example of a crop seedling. An excavating device 1 for excavating a seedling M in the ground, a sandwiching and lifting device 2 for suspending and lifting the seedling M excavated by the excavating device 1 rearward and upward, and a sandwiching and lifting device 2
The traveling machine body 4 is provided with the mud-removing device 3 that removes the mud in the root n while transferring the seedlings M transferred from the rearward direction to the traveling machine body 4, and the traveling machine body 4 is provided with a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 5, 5. The strawberries seedling harvester is provided with the section 6, the engine 7, and the like.

The excavation device 1 comprises a pair of left and right sleds 8 and 8 attached to the work frame 10, a pair of left and right plows 9 and a pair of left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 which are arranged to face each other. It is composed of the front end portion 2A of the feeding device 2. The nip-lifting device 2 includes the conveyor belt 1 on the front and rear rollers 12, 13.
A pair of left and right windings of 1 is provided, and the conveyor belts 11 and 11 are arranged in close proximity to each other, and are supported by the work frame 10 at a relatively steep rearwardly inclined angle. That is, the seedlings M are lifted in a suspended posture in which the stem portion is sandwiched by the pair of conveyor belts 11.

The digging section 1 will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sled 8 has a cross-section ∪ shape composed of left and right sled side surfaces 8A, 8A and a grounding surface 8B. The right sled 8 on the already cut side is formed on the ground contact surface 8B wider than the left sled 8 on the uncut side, and the ground contact area is increased as much as possible so that a stable sled action can be exhibited. The plow 9 is a front view L composed of a vertical plow part 9A and a horizontal plow part 9B.
It is formed in a letter shape, and is attached to a portion of the inner surface 8A of the sled 8 which is recessed inward.

A portion of the sled side surface 8A on the seedling side near the ground surface is formed on a flank side 8a which is inclined laterally outward, and a vertical plow portion 9A is a flank vertical surface inclined laterally outward. 9a. This is a seedling M as shown in FIG.
Has a sprout m and its root mn formed around the plant body, and has a downwardly swollen shape. Therefore, by adjusting the shapes of the sled 8 and the plow 9 to match them, the sled side surface 8A
The vertical guides 9A and the vertical plowed surface 9A prevent the shoots m from being scratched or chipped, and an effective guide action and cut K formation near the side of the plant can be performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the seedling M starts to be sandwiched by the pair of conveyor belts 11 (specifically, the front and rear central portions of the stem and the rotation axis Y of the front wheel 12 are seen from a side view). In a matched state, the horizontal plow 9B is located at the front-rear intermediate portion of the root, and the plow 9 and the conveyor belt 11 pair are arranged relatively to each other so that the cut K is not completely formed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a weeding device 15 for weeding the planted seedlings M is provided in a state of being arranged above the sleds 8, 8 on the left and right. The vertical weeding device 15
It is composed of a winding drivable chain 17 having a weeding claw 16, and the weeding claw 16 is adapted to automatically switch between a protruding weeding action posture and a retracted retracted posture, and hang down. Or stalk while straightening the stem so that it can be easily pulled out.

The mud-dropping conveying device 3 includes a conveying mechanism 3A for conveying the seedlings M obliquely upward and rearward, and a large number of mud-dropping claws 18 acting on the roots n of the seedlings M conveyed by the conveying mechanism 3A from below. And a mud-removing mechanism 3B that drives and moves. The transport mechanism 3A is configured to sandwich the stalk portion between a pair of right and left sandwiching belts 19 and 19 which are arranged to face each other, and transfer the stem portion backward in the upward direction.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the mud dropping mechanism 3B
Is composed of a large number of claws that are cranked in a plane along the transport direction of the transport mechanism 3A. That is,
A large number of upward U-shaped sludge dropping claws 18 are arranged in a zigzag pattern in which they are arranged side by side by shifting to the left and right, and are planted in a rocking body 20, and this rocking body 20 has a vertical axis. The rocking body 20 is eccentrically rotated (plane circulation) by pivotally connecting the pair of front and rear crankshafts 21 and 21 and rotating the front and rear crankshafts 21 and 21 in conjunction with each other.
It is configured to exercise.

The mud dropping claws 18 are provided on the lateral rod portion 1 facing left and right.
The rocking body 20 is supported so as to be rockable in the front-rear direction (conveyance direction) about the axis 8a, and its rocking range is a position standing perpendicular to the rocking body 20 and a position shifted backward by a predetermined angle. It is set to the angle range θ1 between. That is, in the eccentric rotation range in which the oscillating body 20 has a component that moves rearward, a backward conveying force is applied to the seedlings M by the mud dropping claws 18 that are locked at the front limit position, and the swaying movement is caused. In the eccentric rotation range where there is a component in which the moving body 20 moves forward, the mud dropping claw 18 escapes backward and swings to allow the seedling M to pass through, so that the root n is not fed backward. There is. With this support structure for the mud dropping claws 18, the rocking body 20 is eccentrically moved in an eccentric circle to satisfactorily remove the mud while the root n
It has been devised so that it can be given a rearward conveying force.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 9, the clamping and lifting device 2
A pair of left and right guide members 23, 23 are provided so as to bridge the mud dropping device from the front and rear intermediate portions of the guide member 23, and the left and right distances between these guide members 23, 23 are allowed to pass through the stem portion of the seedling M. In addition, the dimensions are set so as to prevent passage of the root portion n. Each of the guide members 23 is provided with the sludge transporting device 3
It is made up of linear rods that are slanted in accordance with the rearward-increasing slant, and the sandwiching angle θ2 formed by the sandwiching and lifting device 2 and the front portions of the guide members 23, 23 becomes a rearward spread in a side view. It is set.

Therefore, when the seedlings M that have been suspended and conveyed approach the pair of guide members 23, the guide members 23 come into contact with the upper surface of the root portion of the root portion n that extends outward from the stem portion,
After that, the slidable contact transfer device 3 is moved in that state, and the sludge transfer device 3
The height correction function of aligning the height position of the root when it is delivered to the human body becomes constant. As a result, regardless of the pinching height position of the stalk, it is possible to make the mud fall in a predetermined posture, which contributes to a good mud dropping operation.

Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the guide member 2
3 is supported by one end of a support member 24 having an inclined front-rear axis Z, and has a tension spring 25 at the other end, and is rocked in a direction in which the left and right guide members 23, 23 approach each other. A biasing mechanism H having a movable guide member structure that is biased
Is configured. Due to this biasing structure, even if the size of the seedling M fluctuates and the thickness of the stem changes, the left and right guide members 23, 23 pinch the stem following the change, and always. A reliable guiding action will be exhibited.

In the portion of the holding and lifting device 2 where the guide members 23, 23 overlap with each other in the front-rear direction, the downward movement of the suspension M of the seedlings M to be hung and transferred becomes possible. The gripping force of the 11 pairs of conveyor belts is set. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the sandwiching and lifting device 2 has a structure in which a large number of rolling wheels 2t are arranged to face each other and are biased by springs in a direction in which they approach each other.
As shown in FIG. 9, the biasing spring 36 of the rolling wheel 2t on the rear side of the connecting point 2s is set to be weaker than the biasing spring 35 of the rolling wheel 2t on the front side of the connecting point 2s. is there. Therefore, during the suspension transfer of the stem portion sandwiching the plant, the peripheral portion of the root portion n protruding from the stem portion is a pair of guide members 2.
When contacting with 3, 23, the stem can move downward with respect to the conveyor belts 11, 11.

As shown in FIG. 1, the sludge transporting device 3 is also supported by the work frame 10. The work frame 10 is swingable about an axis Q of a fulcrum shaft 27, which will be described later, and also the work frame. It can be driven up and down by the expansion and contraction movement of the hydraulic cylinder 14 that is installed over 10 and the machine body 4. That is, the entire harvesting work device A including the digging device 1, the sandwiching and lifting device 2, the sludge transporting device 3, etc. is mounted on the machine body 4 so as to be capable of being driven up and down, and the work frame 10 is lifted and lowered according to the ground situation. Even so, the relative positional relationship between the picking and lifting unit 2 and the mud-falling transport device 3 and the harvesting work device A does not change.

The transmission system will be briefly described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the output shaft 7a of the engine 7 and the counter shaft 26 at the front end of the machine body are belt-linked, and the crawler is transmitted from the counter shaft 26 via the mission 31. Traveling device 5
And the belt is linked to the fulcrum shaft 27. The power of the fulcrum shaft 27 is transmitted to the front relay shaft 28 by being transmitted by a bevel shaft, and from the relay shaft 28 to the sandwiching and lifting device 2 via the upper transmission shaft 29 and the lower transmission shaft 30.
The fulcrum shaft 27 and the rear crankshaft 21 of the oscillating body 20 are interlocked with each other by being transmitted to the weeding device 15 via the. Further, the intermediate shaft 34 that is interlocked with the rear wheel shaft 32 of the gripping and lifting device 2 is interlocked with the front wheel shaft 33 of the transport mechanism 3A.

Next, a series of harvesting operations of this harvester will be described. While the left and right plows 9 and 9 make cuts K on the left and right of the planted lower part M
Seedling M is sown by sleds 8 and 8 and a weeding device 15 on the left and right, and a stalk portion of the seedling M is sandwiched by the conveyor belt 11 of the lifting and feeding device 2 in a state where a cut K is formed to facilitate excavation. The 11 pairs start to be sandwiched, and the seedlings M are pulled out from the ground by the sandwiching and conveying force of the strong urging springs 35, 35, and the stems thereof are lifted backward and upward in the sandwiched posture.

When the root portion n contacts the guide member 23, the stem portion and the conveyor belt 11 slip up and down, and the upper surface of the root portion n contacts the guide member 23 to maintain the sliding contact transfer state. In this state, the mud is dropped off and transferred to the transport device 3. In the mud-dropping conveyance device 3 part, the mud-dropping claw 1 that circulates in a plane while being horizontally transferred rearward by the conveyance mechanism 3A in a state where the lateral deflection of the lower end of the stalk is restricted by the pair of guide members 23.
8 acts on the root n from below to scrape off the mud.

[Other Embodiments] As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the sludge dropping conveying device 3 may be constructed. This is because of the large number of mud dropping claws 18 that can act on the roots of the seedlings that are nipped and conveyed,
The pawl transport mechanism 3A is attached to the rotary chain 38 so as to be swingable in the left-right direction relative to the seedling transport direction, and the drive swing mechanism 3B is configured to swing the mud dropping claw 18 in the horizontal direction. Has been done. Next, each mechanism will be described in detail.

The claw transport mechanism 3A is provided with front and rear sprockets 3.
A rotation chain 38 is wound around 9, 39, and a horizontally elongated substrate 40 mounted on a chain link 38a is arranged at predetermined intervals so that it can swing around a front-rear axis P and has a substantially V-shaped sludge drop. The claws 18 are pivotally supported in two left and right rows. The mud dropping claw 18 is formed by bending a bar material, and in order to stabilize the conveyance posture of the wide substrate 40, the pair of left and right guide bars 4 that slidably contact the lower surface of the left and right bent ends of the substrate 40.
1, 41 are provided.

The drive swing mechanism 3B has a pair of left and right support shafts 42a, 42 arranged immediately below it along the longitudinal axis P.
Operation bar 4 is a bar with an inverted U-shape that is long in front and back in side view.
The operated arms 4 which support the interlocking members 42 and 42 formed by fixing the 2b and 42b and are attached to the respective support shafts 42a.
3 and an interlocking rod 45 which is bearing-fitted to a crankshaft 44 which is rotationally driven. The axis X of the support shaft 42a is parallel to the axis P of the mud dropping claw 18, and the operation bar 42b is located at the crotch of the mud dropping claw 18 on the rearward moving side, which is the upper side of the rotary chain 38, and On the forward moving side, which is the side, the spindle 4 is attached to the crotch of the mud dropping claw 18.
2a is located.

That is, when the rotational power is transmitted to the crankshaft 44, the left and right interlocking members 42 reciprocally swing back and forth around the front-rear axis X, so that the upper mud dropping claw 18 moves right and left within a predetermined angle range. As the rocking operation is performed, the mud dropping claw 18 located below the support shaft 42a is moved forward without swinging left and right. Therefore, if the drive swinging mechanism 3B is driven in the driving state of the claw transport mechanism 3A in which the turning chain 38 is driven to move the two rows of mud claws 18, 18, the mud claws 18 and 18 are driven. Since the slidable claw 18 is freely slidable, the mud dropping claw 18 is moved rearward while swinging left and right to effectively loosen the root of the seedling M and slough it.

In short, in the case of the present invention, the mud dropping claw 18 is moved in the lateral direction with respect to the transport direction of the seedling M, and
It is essential to reciprocate the roots so that the roots are not biased to the side. In addition, a pair of mud dropping claws 18 are provided in a state of moving left and right in opposite directions, or the mud dropping claws 18 rotating in opposite directions are provided. Various structures are possible such as being provided to configure the sludge transporting device 3.

It should be noted that although reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Side view of the strawberries seedling harvester

[Fig. 2] Plan view of the strawberries seedling harvester

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the excavation device.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the excavation device portion.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the structure of the sludge transporting device.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing the swing structure of the mud dropping claws.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a mounted state of the mud dropping claws.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of transporting seedlings by a sandwiching and lifting device.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a biasing structure of a guide member.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing another structure of the sludge transporting device.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the sludge transporting device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Nip-lifting device 3 Mud-dropping transport device 3A Transport mechanism 3B Mud-drop transport mechanism 18 Mud-drop claw

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pinching and lifting device (2) for lifting and conveying a seedling, which has been dug from the ground, upward and rearward in a hanging posture with a stalk sandwiched between the seedling and a seedling transferred from the rear. A transport mechanism (3A) for transporting the seedlings backward, the transport mechanism (3A) comprising a sludge transporting device (3) for removing the mud at its root while transporting. ) Comprises a mud dropping mechanism (3B) that drives and moves a large number of mud dropping nails (18) that act from below on the roots of the seedlings that are transported in (1). 3A) is a mud-dropping structure of a crop seedling harvester configured such that the mud-dropping claws (18) reciprocate laterally with respect to the conveyance direction.