JP3867018B2

JP3867018B2 - Agricultural machine

Info

Publication number: JP3867018B2
Application number: JP2002154137A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 雄二猪狩; 薫本多; 生夫村山
Original assignee: 松山株式会社
Priority date: 2002-05-28
Filing date: 2002-05-28
Publication date: 2007-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2022-05-28
Also published as: JP2003339219A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、圃場を前方に移動しながら、圃場に生育した細長状の農作物を圃場から連続的に搬送する農作業機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の農作業機としては、例えば特開平１０−８４７３０号公報に記載のものが知られている。
【０００３】
そして、この特開平１０−８４７３０号公報に記載された農作業機は、立ち姿勢の農作物を左右両側方から挟持した状態で斜め後上方に挟持搬送する左右一対の引抜ベルトと、この左右一対の引抜ベルトの搬送終端部から落下する農作物を水平面状の上面で受け取って倒伏姿勢のまま一側方に載置搬送する横送り用の平ベルトとを備えた構成となっている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の特開平１０−８４７３０号公報に記載された農作業機では、農作物が引抜ベルトから横送り用の平ベルト上に落下する際に農作物が一定の向きに倒伏しないため、平ベルトにて農作物が互いに異なる方向を向いた倒伏姿勢のまま載置搬送され、その結果、例えば農作物を適量ずつ束ねる束ね作業に手間取り、効率よく作業ができないおそれがある。
【０００５】
本発明は、このような点に鑑みなされたもので、効率よく作業ができる農作業機を提供することを目的とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１記載の農作業機は、圃場を前方に移動しながら、圃場に生育した細長状の農作物を圃場から連続的に搬送する農作業機であって、前後方向に沿って位置する一方側往路面部を有する回行可能な無端状の一方側搬送ベルトと、前記一方側往路面部に対向して前後方向に沿って位置する他方側往路面部および左右方向に沿って位置する支持用往路面部を有する回行可能な無端状の他方側搬送ベルトと、前下りに傾斜した支持面を有する支持体とを備え、農作物の搬送時には、前記一方側搬送ベルトと前記他方側搬送ベルトとが同期して回行し、立ち姿勢の農作物が前記一方側往路面部および前記他方側往路面部にて左右両側方から挟持された状態で斜め後上方に挟持搬送された後、立ち姿勢の農作物がその立ち姿勢のまま前記支持用往路面部にて前方から支持されかつ前記支持面にて下方から支持された状態で左右いずれか一側方に片側搬送されるものである。
【０００７】
そして、農作物の搬送時には、一方側搬送ベルトと他方側搬送ベルトとが同期して回行し、立ち姿勢の農作物が一方側往路面部および他方側往路面部にて左右両側方から挟持された状態で斜め後上方に挟持搬送された後、立ち姿勢の農作物がその立ち姿勢のまま支持用往路面部にて前方から支持されかつ支持体の支持面にて下方から支持された状態で左右いずれか一側方に片側搬送されるので、例えば農作物を適量ずつ束ねる束ね作業に手間取るようなことがなく、効率よく作業をすることが可能となる。
【０００８】
請求項２記載の農作業機は、請求項１記載の農作業機において、他方側搬送ベルトの支持用往路面部と略同一面上に位置する往路面部を有する回行可能な無端状の搬送ベルトを備え、農作物の搬送時には、一方側搬送ベルトと前記他方側搬送ベルトと前記搬送ベルトとが同期して回行し、立ち姿勢の農作物がその立ち姿勢のまま前記支持用往路面部および前記往路面部にて前方から支持されかつ前記支持面にて下方から支持された状態で左右いずれか一側方に片側搬送されるものである。
【０００９】
そして、他方側搬送ベルトの支持用往路面部と略同一面上に位置する往路面部を有する回行可能な無端状の搬送ベルトを備えるため、農作物を左右いずれか一側方に適切に片側搬送することが可能となる。
【００１０】
請求項３記載の農作業機は、請求項２記載の農作業機において、搬送ベルトは、立ち姿勢の農作物が側方に倒れるのを防止する凸部を有するものである。
【００１１】
そして、農作物の片側搬送の際に立ち姿勢の農作物が側方に倒れるのを搬送ベルトの凸部にて効果的に防止することが可能となる。
【００１２】
請求項４記載の農作業機は、請求項２記載の農作業機において、農作物に接触する接触部を外周側に有する回転可能な回転体を備え、この回転体の前記接触部と搬送ベルトとにて農作物が挟持搬送されつつその搬送方向が斜め後上方から一側方に変更されるものである。
【００１３】
そして、農作物に接触する接触部を外周側に有する回転可能な回転体を備えるため、農作物の搬送方向を斜め後上方から一側方に適切に変更することが可能となる。
【００１４】
請求項５記載の農作業機は、請求項４記載の農作業機において、回転体の接触部は、弾性変形可能な弾性部材にて形成されているものである。
【００１５】
そして、回転体の接触部を弾性変形可能な弾性部材にて形成したため、搬送方向の変更の際に農作物が損傷することを防止することが可能となる。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の農作業機の一実施の形態の構成を図面を参照して説明する。
【００１７】
図１および図２において、１は農作業機で、この片側作業型の農作業機１は、例えば走行車としての牽引車であるトラクタＴの後部に脱着可能に装着された牽引式のねぎ収穫機等で、この農作業機１は、例えばトラクタＴの走行（牽引動作）により圃場Ｈを前方（進行方向Ｘ）に移動しながら、圃場Ｈに生育した細長状の農作物Ｗを圃場Ｈから連続的に搬送して収穫するものである。
【００１８】
なお、圃場Ｈの農作物Ｗ、すなわち圃場Ｈに生育した略垂直状の立ち姿勢の収穫対象物である農作物Ｗは、図３に示されるように、例えば圃場Ｈに複数列状に凸設された畝Ｈ1に生育した細長状の長茎野菜、例えば長ねぎ等の根深ねぎで、上下方向に長手方向を有する細長状の本体部（茎葉部）Ｗ1を有し、本体部Ｗ1の下端側が畝Ｈ1内つまり土中に位置し、この土中の本体部Ｗ1の下端部から根部Ｗ2が延びている。
【００１９】
そして、農作業機１は、図１および図２に示すように、機体２を備え、この機体２は、トラクタＴの作業機昇降用支持装置である３点リンク機構Ｔ1に走行車連結手段である３点連結手段３を介して連結された固定機枠４を有している。
【００２０】
この固定機枠４には、可動機枠５が連結手段である平行リンク６を介して左右方向に移動可能に連結されている。この可動機枠５は、駆動源であるシリンダ７のロッド８の進退に基づく平行リンク６の回動に応じて円弧を描くように左右方向に移動する。
【００２１】
この可動機枠５の一側部、すなわち例えば進行方向Ｘ左側部（図１では上側）には、トラクタＴからの動力を入力する前後方向の入力軸10が回転可能に設けられ、この入力軸10はトラクタＴのＰＴＯ軸（図示せず）にユニバーサルジョイント等を介して連結されている。
【００２２】
また、可動機枠５の他側部、すなわち例えば進行方向Ｘ右側部には、互いに離間対向した左右一対の支持アームである回動アーム11が、可動機枠５から前方に向って突出した状態で左右方向に回動調節可能に設けられている。
【００２３】
そして、各回動アーム11には、それぞれ、上下方向の回転中心軸線αを中心として所定方向（図示イ方向）に駆動回転することにより、圃場Ｈの畝Ｈ1の農作物Ｗの側方の土（畝側壁形成土）を畝Ｈ1を崩すことで排除すると同時に農作物Ｗの所定部位、例えば根部Ｗ2の所定部分を切断（根切り）する排土切断体12が回転可能に設けられている。
【００２４】
すなわち、機体２の片側部である右側部には、上下方向の回転中心軸線αを中心として互いに異なる方向に同期して駆動回転することにより、圃場Ｈの畝Ｈ1の農作物Ｗの左右両側方の土を畝Ｈ1を崩すことで排除すると同時に農作物Ｗの所定部位、例えば根部Ｗ2の所定部分を切断する左右一対の前処理装置である排土切断体12が、互いに離間対向した状態で回転可能に設けられている。また、各排土切断体12は、対応する回動アーム11の回動調節により機体２に対して左右位置調節可能になっている。すなわち、左右一対の排土切断体12の離間距離が調節可能になっている。
【００２５】
ここで、各回動アーム11は、基端部が可動機枠５のアーム連結部14に上下方向の回動軸15を介して連結されたアーム部16を有している。このアーム部16の先端部には上下方向に長手方向を有する筒状の保持部17が一体的に設けられ、この保持部17によって排土切断体12が回転可能に吊下げ状態に保持されている。また、この保持部17には農作物Ｗが側方に倒れないよう農作物Ｗを側方から支持してガイドする曲線状のガイド体であるガイド棒18が取付アーム19を介して取り付けられている。
【００２６】
また、アーム部16の基端部には左右一対のボルト取付板21が突設され、各ボルト取付板21に取付具であるボルト22が螺着されて取り付けられている。このボルト取付板21に対するボルト22の取付位置の変更により、対応する回動アーム11の回動調節つまり排土切断体12の左右位置調節が可能となっている。
【００２７】
また一方、各排土切断体12は、回転中心軸線αを中心として所定方向（図示イ方向）に駆動回転する上下方向の軸状の回転部25を有し、この回転部25の上下端部を除く部分が、対応する回動アーム11の保持部17内に収容されている。
【００２８】
この回転部25の下端部からは、図３にも示されるように、畝Ｈ1の側壁部を切削して畝Ｈ1を崩す複数（例えば２つ）の細長板状の切削刃部である排土部26が上端から下端に向かうに従って徐々に回転中心軸線αから離反するように斜め下方に向って突出し、各排土部26の下端部からは、やや細長板状の切断刃部である切断部27が回転中心軸線αから離反する外側方に向って水平状に突出している。
【００２９】
すなわち、例えば金属製の細長い板状部材等にて一体に略Ｌ字状に形成された排土機能および切断機能をもつ一体の作用板28が、側面視略ハ字状の配置となるように、例えばボルト29にて各回転部25の下端部に脱着可能に取り付けられている。そして、各作用板28の下端部にて切断部27が構成され、各作用板28の回転部25の下端部から突出した部分にて排土部26が構成され、切断部27と排土部26とが一体となっている。
【００３０】
また、一方の排土切断体12の切断部27の移動領域と他方の排土切断体12の切断部27の移動領域とが重ならないように、一方の排土切断体12と他方の排土切断体12とは所定距離以上の離間距離をもった状態になっている。なお、各排土切断体12の回転部25の上端部は長孔31を介して伝動ケース32内に挿入され、各回転部25には入力軸10からの動力が第１伝動手段33を介して伝達される。
【００３１】
さらに、可動機枠５の右側部には、左右一対のガイド棒18によってくわえ込み位置に呼び込まれるようにガイドされてきたやや前傾した立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗの本体部Ｗ1の所定部分（例えば排土切断体12の排土により露出した部分である比較的硬い白い部分）を左右両側方から挟持した状態で斜め後上方に地上の所定高さ位置まで挟持搬送した後、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗをその立ち姿勢のまま前方および下方から支持した斜め後上方に取出可能な状態で左右いずれか一側方、例えば左側方に水平状に片側搬送する搬送手段35が設けられている。
【００３２】
ここで、搬送手段35は、平面視略直線状に配置された回行可能な一方側搬送ベルトである右搬送ベルト36と、平面視略Ｌ字状に配置された回行可能な他方側搬送ベルトである左搬送ベルト37とを備えている。
【００３３】
そして、右搬送ベルト36は、例えば軟質ゴム等にて無端状に形成され、駆動ローラ38および前端従動ローラ39に巻き掛けられている。この右搬送ベルト36は、前後方向に沿って位置する前低後高の傾斜状の一方側往路面部36aを有している。
【００３４】
一方、左搬送ベルト37は、例えば軟質ゴム等にて無端状に形成され、駆動ローラ40、複数の従動ローラ41、および、前端従動ローラ41aに巻き掛けられているとともに押圧ローラ42にて押圧されている。この左搬送ベルト37は、一方側往路面部36aに対向して前後方向に沿って位置する前低後高の傾斜状の他方側往路面部37aと、左右水平方向に沿って位置する支持用往路面部37bと、他方側往路面部37aおよび支持用往路面部37b間に位置し前後方向に対して左側方に向って傾斜した略く字状の屈曲部である中間往路面部37cとを有している。
【００３５】
また、搬送手段35は、前下りに傾斜した支持面43aを有する略矩形板状の支持体43を備えているとともに、左搬送ベルト37の支持用往路面部37bと略同一面上に位置する往路面部44aおよび中間往路面部37cと略同一面上に位置する挟持用中間往路面部44bを有する回行可能な無端状の搬送ベルト44を備えている。
【００３６】
そして、この搬送ベルト44は、例えば軟質ゴム等にて無端状に形成され、左搬送ベルト37と共通の駆動ローラ40および従動ローラ41に巻き掛けられ、左搬送ベルト37の下方位置においてこの左搬送ベルト37と並んだ状態に配置されている。
【００３７】
また、この搬送ベルト44の外周面側には、略全体にわたって分散して位置し立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗが側方に倒れるのを防止する複数の突起である凸部44cが互いに等間隔をおいて回行方向に並んだ状態に形成されている。なお、回行方向に隣り合う凸部44c間の間隙は、農作物Ｗの本体部Ｗ1が入り込む程度の大きさとなっている。
【００３８】
さらに、搬送手段35は、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗの本体部Ｗ1に接触する接触部45aを外周面側に有する回転可能な略円板状の複数（例えば３つの）の挟持用の回転体45を備えている。
【００３９】
各回転体45は、搬送ベルト44の挟持用中間往路面部44bと対向して並置され、コイルばね等の付勢手段47の付勢により挟持用中間往路面部44bの凸部44cに押し付けられている。また、この各回転体45の接触部45aは、農作物Ｗを傷付けないように弾性変形可能なスポンジ材等の弾性部材にて形成されている。そして、各回転体45は、搬送ベルト44側からの力で従動回転し、外周の接触部45aと搬送ベルト44の挟持用中間往路面部44bの凸部44cとにて農作物Ｗが挟持搬送されつつその搬送方向が斜め後上方から左側方にスムーズに変更されるようになっている。
【００４０】
なお、右搬送ベルト36の搬送始端部と左搬送ベルト37の搬送始端部との間には、農作物Ｗを傷付けずにくわえ込み位置でくわえ込むことができるように平面視略三角状の搬入用の空間部48が形成されている。また、各駆動ローラ38，40には、入力軸10からの動力が第２伝動手段34を介して伝達される。
【００４１】
また、搬送手段35は、操作ハンドル49の回動操作により左右方向の回動軸を中心として前端側が昇降するように上下回動調節可能で、搬送始端部の高さ位置（くわえ込み高さ位置）が調節可能になっている。なお、左搬送ベルト37の支持用往路面部37b、搬送ベルト44の往路面部44aおよび支持体43の支持面43aにて、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗを前方および下方のみから支持した状態で一時的にストックする断面略Ｌ字状のストック部50が構成されている。
【００４２】
また、可動機枠５の右側部には、排土切断体12の後方位置で立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗの根部Ｗ2の所定部分を先端側の掘取刃57で掬い上げるように掘り取った後、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗを搬送面58にて下方から支持した状態で、上方の搬送手段35とともに斜め後上方に持上げ搬送する前下り傾斜状の補助搬送手段である掘取コンベヤ61が設けられ、この掘取コンベヤ61は搬送手段35の搬送始端側の下方に配置されている。
【００４３】
この掘取コンベヤ61は、例えばコンベヤ本体62とこのコンベヤ本体62の搬送始端部に設けられ圃場Ｈの土中を移動する板状の掘取刃57とにて構成されている。
【００４４】
このコンベヤ本体62は、左右方向の駆動軸63および従動軸64を有し、駆動軸63および従動軸64のそれぞれの両端部には回転体であるスプロケット65が取り付けられている。また、これらスプロケット65には左右一対の回行体であるチェーン66が回行可能に巻き掛けられ、これら左右一対のチェーン66には左右方向の複数のロッド67が等間隔をおいて架け渡され、このコンベヤ本体62の上面にて搬送面58が構成されている。なお、駆動軸63には、入力軸10からの動力が第２伝動手段34を介して伝達される。
【００４５】
また、可動機枠５の右側部（機体２の片側部）には、図２および図４に示されるように、左右水平方向の回転中心軸線βを中心として所定方向（図示ロ方向）に駆動回転することにより、左右の搬送ベルト36，37にて挟持搬送中の農作物Ｗの下端部（例えば本体部Ｗ1の下端と切れ残り根部Ｗ2）に付着した付着土Ｓを、下方から除去すると同時に左右両側方から除去する土落し装置である土除去手段71が設けられており、この土除去手段71は搬送手段35の中間部の下方に配置されている。
【００４６】
この土除去手段71は、入力軸10からの動力が第２伝動手段34を介して伝達されて回転中心軸線βを中心として所定方向（図示ロ方向）に駆動回転する１本の左右水平方向の回転軸体72を有し、この回転軸体72の基端側が第２伝動手段34に連結され、この回転軸体72の先端部が自由端部となっている。
【００４７】
そして、この回転軸体72には、左右の搬送ベルト36，37にて挟持搬送中の農作物Ｗの真下の下方位置で回転して農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓを下方から除去する第１土除去体73が、回転軸体72と一体となって駆動回転するように固定して設けられている。
【００４８】
この第１土除去体73は、例えば回転軸体72の外周に固着された円筒状の取付ドラム74を有し、この取付ドラム74の外周面には、農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓの下面側に接触して土除去を行う複数の弾性突起である土除去突起75が外周面全体に分散した状態に取り付けられている。各土除去突起75は、例えば軟質ゴム或いは鉄等の金属材料等にて形成された略逆Ｖ字状をなすもので、取付ドラム74の回転方向に対して所定角度傾斜した状態に取り付けられている。
【００４９】
また、回転軸体72の第１土除去体73が設けられていない部分、例えば第１土除去体73の左右両側の部分には、左右の搬送ベルト36，37にて挟持搬送中の農作物Ｗの左右両側方位置で回転して農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓを両側方から除去する左右一対の第２土除去体77，77が、回転軸体72と一体となって駆動回転するように設けられ、各第２土除去体77は第１土除去体73と回転軸体72の軸方向に近接して並んで位置する。すなわち、第１土除去体73と第２土除去体77とは同軸上に配置され、共通軸線である回転中心軸線βを中心として回転する。
【００５０】
この各第２土除去体77は、回転軸体72の軸方向に沿ってスライド調節可能で、第１土除去体73との距離が調節可能になっている。すなわち、各第２土除去体77は回転軸体72に対して左右位置調節可能になっている。
【００５１】
そして、各第２土除去体77は、左右対称のもので、例えば回転軸体72の外周から径方向に沿って２方向に突出した長手状の取付アーム78を有し、この取付アーム78の長手方向両端部には、農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓの搬送方向に対する側面側に接触して土除去を行う弾性板である土除去板79が取り付けられている。
【００５２】
４つの土除去板79は、それぞれ例えば軟質ゴム等にて矩形板状に形成されたもので、短手方向一端側が取付板部81となっており、短手方向他端側が弾性変形する作用板部82となっている。この取付板部81は、取付アーム78の被取付板部78aに重なり合った状態で脱着可能に取り付けられている。この作用板部82の一方の面である回転方向側の面82aは、回転により農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓを断続的に叩いて農作物Ｗから付着土Ｓを分離除去する。
【００５３】
また、各土除去板79は、この土除去板79の長手方向が回転軸体72の径方向に対して所定角度θ（θは例えば約２０°）だけ傾斜した状態に取り付けられている。すなわち、互いに左右に離間対向した対をなす土除去板79は、略ハ字状（テーパー状）の配置となるように取付アーム78の被取付板部78aに取り付けられている。つまり、互いに左右に離間対向した対をなす土除去板79は、農作物Ｗの本体部Ｗ1との離間距離が所定値以上確保されてこの本体部Ｗ1の損傷が防止されるように、本体部Ｗ1側に向って離間距離が徐々に増大するよう略ハ字状（テーパー状）に配置されている。
【００５４】
さらに、各取付アーム78は、長手方向中央部に円筒状の挿通部84を有し、この挿通部84内に回転軸体72が挿通され、固定具であるボルト85によって取付アーム78が回転軸体72に対して解除可能に固定されている。このボルト85を緩めて取付アーム78の固定を一旦解除し、回転軸体72に対する取付アーム78の固定位置を変えることにより、第２土除去体77の回転軸体72の軸方向に沿ったスライド調節を行う。
【００５５】
さらに、図１に示されるように、可動機枠５の台取付部90には、搬送手段35の搬送終端部に隣接して位置し所定量の農作物Ｗを載置可能な略水平板状の農作物載置台である作業台91が着脱可能に取り付けられ、この作業台91上で農作物Ｗを適量ずつ束ねる束ね作業を行えるようになっている。
【００５６】
なお、可動機枠５の左右両側には可動機枠５を支持する回転可能な接地輪93が設けられている。また、排土切断体12、ガイド棒18、搬送手段35、掘取コンベヤ61および土除去手段71等にて作業手段98が構成されており、この作業手段98は、機体２の可動機枠５の左右移動により、トラクタＴの後方に位置する非作業状態とトラクタＴの走行部としての車輪である後輪Ｔ2よりも外側方に位置する作業状態とに切換え可能になっている。例えば、作業終了後、農作業機１を倉庫まで運搬する場合等には、作業手段98を可動機枠５の移動により非作業状態に切り換えかつ作業台91を可動機枠５から取り外してトラクタＴ側方への突出量を少なくする。また、３点連結手段３、固定機枠４、平行リンク６、可動機枠５および回動アーム11等にて機体２が構成されている。
【００５７】
次に、上記一実施の形態の動作を説明する。
【００５８】
トラクタＴの走行により、作業手段98が作業状態に設定された農作業機１が圃場Ｈを前方に移動すると、左右一対の回転中の排土切断体12の排土部26にて、畝Ｈ1の左右の側壁部が切削されて畝Ｈ1が崩され、畝Ｈ1に生育した農作物Ｗの左右両側方の土が排除され、農作物Ｗの本体部Ｗ1の略全体が露出した状態になる。
【００５９】
また同時に、左右一対の回転中の排土切断体12の切断部27にて、農作物Ｗの根部Ｗ2の所定部分が切断され、その根部Ｗ2の先端側部分が農作物Ｗから分離除去される。
【００６０】
そして、このように前処理された立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗは、左右一対のガイド棒18によって左右両側からガイドされながら、掘取コンベヤ61の掘取刃57で掘り取られた後、掘取コンベヤ61および搬送手段35にて立ち姿勢を崩すことなく地上の所定位置まで搬送される。
【００６１】
この農作物Ｗの搬送時には、搬送手段35の右搬送ベルト36と左搬送ベルト37と搬送ベルト44とが入力軸10側からの動力で互いに同期して回行し、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗが一方側往路面部36aおよび他方側往路面部37aにて左右両側方から挟持された状態で斜め後上方に挟持搬送された後、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗがその立ち姿勢のまま支持用往路面部37bおよび往路面部44aにて前方から支持されかつ支持体43の支持面43aにて下方から支持された状態で左側方に片側搬送される。この片側搬送時には、立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗは、後側を露出した状態で、前側の片側のみで支持されて搬送されるため、斜め後上方に容易に取出可能となっている。
【００６２】
なお、農作物Ｗの搬送方向の変更は、各回転体45の接触部45aと搬送ベルト44の挟持用中間往路面部44bとによる農作物Ｗの挟持搬送により農作物Ｗを傷めることなくスムーズに行われる。
【００６３】
また、右搬送ベルト36と左搬送ベルト37とによる挟持搬送の際には、搬送中の農作物Ｗの下方位置で回転中の第１土除去体73にて農作物Ｗに比較的硬く付着していた付着土Ｓが下方から除去され、また同時に、搬送中の農作物Ｗの左右両側方位置で回転中の左右一対の第２土除去体77にて、農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓが左右両側方から除去される。こうして、搬送中の農作物Ｗの下端部から付着土Ｓが分離除去され、圃場Ｈ上に落下する。
【００６４】
そして、作業が進むと、図５に示すように、農作業機１の後ろを追う作業者は、搬送手段35にて片側搬送中の所定量の農作物Ｗを後方に取り出すように持ち上げ、搬送手段35の近傍に配置された作業台91上に載置し、その後、作業台91上でこの作業台91上に載置された所定量の農作物Ｗを束ね、その１つに束ねた農作物Ｗを圃場Ｈ上に或いは近くに位置する搬送車の荷台上に置いていく。
【００６５】
すなわち、作業の進行により搬送手段35のストック部50にて、複数本の立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗが前方および下方のみから支持されて一時的に所定量ストックされた状態となる。すると、農作業機１の後ろを追う作業者は、ストック部50にストックされた立ち姿勢の所定量の農作物Ｗを、斜め後上方に取り出すように持ち上げ、作業台91上に広げてあったシート99上に倒伏姿勢にして載せかえる。次いで、その作業者は、倒伏姿勢の所定量の農作物Ｗをシート99で覆い、紐100を結んで束ね、その束ねた農作物Ｗを圃場Ｈ上に或いは近くに位置する搬送車の荷台上に置いていく。
【００６６】
上記一実施の形態によれば、圃場Ｈから取り上げられた立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗは、右搬送ベルト36の一方側往路面部36aおよび左搬送ベルト37の他方側往路面部37aにて左右両側方から挟持された状態で斜め後上方に挟持搬送され、回転体45の接触部45aと搬送ベルト44の挟持用中間往路面部44bとにて立ち姿勢のまま搬送方向が変更された後、左搬送ベルト37の支持用往路面部37bおよび搬送ベルト44の往路面部44aにて前方から支持されかつ支持体43の支持面43aにて下方から支持された状態で立ち姿勢のまま左側方に片側搬送される。このため、従来とは異なり農作物Ｗを適量ずつ束ねる束ね作業に手間取るようなことがなく、効率よく作業ができ、作業性を良好にできる。
【００６７】
また、搬送ベルト44が立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗが側方に倒れるのを防止する複数の凸部44cを有するため、農作物Ｗの片側搬送の際に立ち姿勢の農作物Ｗが不用意に側方に倒れることがなく、安定した片側搬送を実現できる。
【００６８】
さらに、農作物Ｗに接触する弾性変形可能な接触部45aを外周側に有する回転可能な複数の回転体45を備えるため、農作物Ｗの搬送方向を斜め後上方から一側方に適切に変更することができる。
【００６９】
また一方、搬送手段35の前方位置で所定方向に回転して圃場Ｈの農作物Ｗの側方の土を排除すると同時に農作物Ｗの所定部位を切断する排土切断体12を具備する構成であるから、例えば排土体および切断体をそれぞれ別々に設けた構成等に比べて、部品点数を少なくでき、構成を簡単にでき、製造コストを低減できる。
【００７０】
また、排土切断体12の左右位置を農作物Ｗに応じて調節することにより、排土切断体12によって農作物Ｗの側方の土を適切に排除でき、かつ同時に農作物Ｗの所定部位を適切に切断できる。
【００７１】
また、所定方向に回転して搬送中の農作物Ｗの下端部に付着した付着土Ｓを下方から除去すると同時に側方から除去する土除去手段71を具備する構成であるから、例えば第１土除去体73および第２土除去体77をそれぞれ別々に設けた構成等に比べて、部品点数を少なくでき、構成を簡単にでき、製造コストを低減できる。
【００７２】
また、土除去手段71の第２土除去体77の左右位置を農作物Ｗに応じて調節することにより、第２土除去体77によって農作物Ｗの付着土Ｓを側方から適切に除去できる。
【００７３】
なお、農作業機１は、農作物Ｗとしての根深ねぎの収穫に最も適したものであるが、根深ねぎ以外の他の農作物Ｗの収穫にも適用することができる。
【００７４】
また、農作業機１は、トラクタＴの後部に脱着可能に装着して使用する牽引式のものには限定されず、例えばエンジンで駆動する車輪を機体２に設けた自走式のものでもよい。
【００７５】
さらに、搬送手段35の搬送ベルト44は、平ベルトの外面に凸部44cを突設して形成したものには限定されず、例えば、図示しないが、凸部44cを有する波形ベルトにて形成したものでもよい。
【００７６】
さらに、農作業機１は、圃場Ｈの畝Ｈ1の農作物Ｗの左右両側方の土を畝Ｈ1を崩すことで排除すると同時に農作物Ｗの所定部位、例えば根部Ｗ2の所定部分を切断する左右一対の前処理装置である排土切断体12を備えたものには限定されず、例えば、切断機能を有さず、排土機能のみを有する前処理装置、すなわち例えば圃場Ｈの畝Ｈ1の農作物Ｗの左右両側方の土を畝Ｈ1を崩すことで排除する左右一対の略円板状の排土ディスクを備えたものでもよい。
【００７７】
【発明の効果】
請求項１の発明によれば、農作物の搬送時には、一方側搬送ベルトと他方側搬送ベルトとが同期して回行し、立ち姿勢の農作物が一方側往路面部および他方側往路面部にて左右両側方から挟持された状態で斜め後上方に挟持搬送された後、立ち姿勢の農作物がその立ち姿勢のまま支持用往路面部にて前方から支持されかつ支持体の支持面にて下方から支持された状態で左右いずれか一側方に片側搬送されるので、例えば農作物を適量ずつ束ねる束ね作業に手間取るようなことがなく、効率よく作業ができる。
【００７８】
請求項２の発明によれば、他方側搬送ベルトの支持用往路面部と略同一面上に位置する往路面部を有する回行可能な無端状の搬送ベルトを備えるため、農作物を左右いずれか一側方に適切に片側搬送できる。
【００７９】
請求項３の発明によれば、農作物の片側搬送の際に立ち姿勢の農作物が側方に倒れるのを搬送ベルトの凸部にて効果的に防止できる。
【００８０】
請求項４の発明によれば、農作物に接触する接触部を外周側に有する回転可能な回転体を備えるため、農作物の搬送方向を斜め後上方から一側方に適切に変更できる。
【００８１】
請求項５の発明によれば、回転体の接触部を弾性変形可能な弾性部材にて形成したため、搬送方向の変更の際に農作物が損傷することを防止できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の農作業機の一実施の形態を示す平面図である。
【図２】同上農作業機を示す側面図である。
【図３】同上農作業機の排土切断体の正面図である。
【図４】同上農作業機の土除去手段の正面図である。
【図５】同上農作業機による作業状況を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
１農作業機
35 搬送手段
36 一方側搬送ベルトである右搬送ベルト
36a 一方側往路面部
37 他方側搬送ベルトである左搬送ベルト
37a 他方側往路面部
37b 支持用往路面部
43 支持体
43a 支持面
44 搬送ベルト
44a 往路面部
44c 凸部
45 回転体
45a 接触部
91 農作物載置台である作業台
Ｈ圃場
Ｗ農作物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention is an agricultural work for continuously transporting an elongated crop grown on a field from the field while moving forward in the field.In machineRelated.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventionally, as this type of farm work machine, for example, the one described in JP-A-10-84730 is known.
[0003]
  The agricultural machine described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-84730 includes a pair of left and right pulling belts that sandwich and convey a crop in a standing posture from both the left and right sides, and a pair of left and right pulling belts. A horizontal feed flat belt is provided which receives crops falling from the belt conveying terminal portion on a horizontal surface and places and conveys the crops in one side in a lying posture.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  However, in the agricultural machine described in the above-mentioned conventional Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-84730, since the crop does not fall down in a certain direction when the crop falls from the pulling belt onto the lateral feed flat belt, As a result, the crops are placed and transported in a lying posture facing different directions, and as a result, for example, it takes time for the bundling work to bundle the appropriate amounts of the crops, and there is a possibility that the work cannot be performed efficiently.
[0005]
  This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and it aims at providing the agricultural machine which can work efficiently.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
ContractClaim1The described farming machine is a farming machine that continuously conveys an elongated crop grown on a field from the field while moving forward in the field, and has a one-side forward path surface portion positioned along the front-rear direction. An endless one-side conveyor belt that can be moved, a second-side forward surface portion positioned along the front-rear direction facing the one-side forward surface portion, and a supporting forward-path surface portion positioned along the left-right direction. An endless conveyor belt and a support having a support surface inclined forward and downward, and when the agricultural product is conveyed, the one conveyor belt and the other conveyor belt rotate synchronously and stand up. After the crop in the posture is sandwiched and conveyed obliquely and upwardly in a state where the crop in the posture is sandwiched from both the left and right sides on the one-side forward path surface portion and the other-side forward path surface portion, the crop in the standing posture remains in the standing posture and the supporting outbound path At the face Are those on one side conveyed to any one side left in a state of being supported from below by the support by and the supporting surface from the side.
[0007]
  When the crop is transported, the one-side transport belt and the other-side transport belt rotate synchronously, and the crop in a standing posture is sandwiched from the left and right sides by the one-side forward path surface portion and the other-side forward path surface portion. After being held and transported diagonally rearward and upward, the crop in a standing posture is supported from the front on the forward path surface portion for support in the standing posture and is supported from the lower side on the supporting surface of the support from the left or right side Since it is conveyed to one side, for example, it does not take time for a bundling operation for bundling an appropriate amount of agricultural products, and it is possible to work efficiently.
[0008]
  Claim2Agricultural implements listed are claims1In the agricultural work machine described in the above, it is provided with an endless transportable belt having a forward path surface portion that is positioned substantially on the same plane as a support forward path surface portion of the other-side transport belt, and when transporting the agricultural product, The other side conveyor belt and the conveyor belt rotate synchronously, and the crops in a standing posture are supported from the front by the supporting forward path surface portion and the forward path surface portion in the standing posture and from below by the supporting surface. In a supported state, it is conveyed on one side to the left or right side.
[0009]
  And since it has an endless transportable belt that has a forward path surface portion that is positioned substantially on the same plane as the support forward path surface portion of the other side transport belt, it properly transports the crop to one side of the left or right side. It becomes possible.
[0010]
  Claim3Agricultural implements listed are claims2In the described agricultural working machine, the conveyor belt has a convex portion that prevents the crop in a standing posture from falling sideways.
[0011]
  In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent the crops in the standing posture from falling to the side during the one-side conveyance of the crops by the convex portion of the conveyance belt.
[0012]
  Claim4Agricultural implements listed are claims2The agricultural machine described above includes a rotatable rotating body having a contact portion in contact with the crop on the outer peripheral side, and the transport direction of the crop is obliquely conveyed while the crop is sandwiched and transported by the contact portion and the transport belt of the rotating body. It is changed from the upper side to one side.
[0013]
  And since the rotatable rotating body which has the contact part which contacts a crop on the outer peripheral side is provided, it becomes possible to change the conveyance direction of a crop appropriately from diagonally upward to one side.
[0014]
  Claim5Agricultural implements listed are claims4In the described agricultural working machine, the contact portion of the rotating body is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed.
[0015]
  And since the contact part of the rotating body was formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed, it becomes possible to prevent the crops from being damaged when the conveyance direction is changed..
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  Hereinafter, the configuration of an embodiment of an agricultural machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0017]
  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an agricultural machine. The one-side working type agricultural machine 1 is, for example, a towing-type onion harvester that is detachably attached to a rear portion of a tractor T that is a towing vehicle as a traveling vehicle. Thus, the farm work machine 1 continuously conveys the elongated crops W grown on the field H from the field H while moving the field H forward (traveling direction X) by, for example, traveling (traction operation) of the tractor T. To harvest.
[0018]
  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the crops W in the field H, that is, the crops W that are harvested in a substantially vertical standing posture that are grown in the field H, are projected in, for example, a plurality of rows in the field H. Elongated long stalk vegetables grown on cocoon H1, for example, deep green onions such as long onion, etc., have an elongated main body part (stem and leaf part) W1 having a longitudinal direction in the vertical direction, and the lower end side of the main body part W1 is cocoon H1 The root W2 extends from the lower end of the main body W1 in the soil.
[0019]
  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the farm work machine 1 includes a machine body 2, and this machine body 2 is a traveling vehicle connecting means to a three-point link mechanism T <b> 1 that is a work machine lifting support device for the tractor T. It has a fixed machine frame 4 connected via a three-point connecting means 3.
[0020]
  A movable machine frame 5 is connected to the fixed machine frame 4 through a parallel link 6 serving as a connecting means so as to be movable in the left-right direction. The movable machine frame 5 moves in the left-right direction so as to draw an arc according to the rotation of the parallel link 6 based on the advance / retreat of the rod 8 of the cylinder 7 as a drive source.
[0021]
  An input shaft 10 in the front-rear direction for inputting power from the tractor T is rotatably provided at one side of the movable machine frame 5, that is, for example, the left side in the traveling direction X (upper side in FIG. 1). 10 is connected to a PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor T via a universal joint or the like.
[0022]
  In addition, on the other side of the movable machine frame 5, that is, for example, the right side of the traveling direction X, a rotating arm 11 that is a pair of left and right support arms that are spaced apart from each other protrudes forward from the movable machine frame 5 It is provided so as to be adjustable in the horizontal direction.
[0023]
  Each of the rotating arms 11 is driven and rotated in a predetermined direction (the direction indicated in the figure) around the rotation center axis α in the up and down direction, so that the soil (畝A side wall forming soil) is removed by breaking the ridge H1, and at the same time, a soil cutting body 12 that cuts (roots) a predetermined portion of the crop W, for example, a predetermined portion of the root W2, is rotatably provided.
[0024]
  That is, on the right side which is one side of the machine body 2, the left and right sides of the crop W of the basket H 1 in the field H are driven and rotated in synchronization with different directions around the rotation center axis α in the vertical direction. The soil is removed by breaking the ridge H1, and at the same time, a pair of left and right pre-treatment devices for cutting a predetermined portion of the crop W, for example, a predetermined portion of the root W2, can be rotated in a state of being opposed to each other. Is provided. In addition, each soil cutting body 12 can be adjusted in the left-right position with respect to the machine body 2 by adjusting the rotation of the corresponding rotation arm 11. That is, the separation distance between the pair of left and right soil cutting bodies 12 can be adjusted.
[0025]
  Here, each rotation arm 11 has an arm portion 16 whose base end portion is connected to an arm connection portion 14 of the movable machine frame 5 via a vertical rotation shaft 15. A cylindrical holding portion 17 having a longitudinal direction in the vertical direction is integrally provided at the distal end portion of the arm portion 16, and the soil removal cutting body 12 is rotatably held by the holding portion 17 in a suspended state. Yes. Further, a guide rod 18, which is a curved guide body that supports and guides the crop W from the side so that the crop W does not fall to the side, is attached to the holding portion 17 via an attachment arm 19.
[0026]
  In addition, a pair of left and right bolt mounting plates 21 project from the base end portion of the arm portion 16, and bolts 22 as mounting tools are screwed onto the respective bolt mounting plates 21. By changing the mounting position of the bolt 22 with respect to the bolt mounting plate 21, it is possible to adjust the rotation of the corresponding rotating arm 11, that is, to adjust the left-right position of the soil cutting body 12.
[0027]
  On the other hand, each soil cutting body 12 has a shaft-like rotating portion 25 in the vertical direction that is driven and rotated in a predetermined direction (the direction indicated in the figure) about the rotation center axis α, and the upper and lower ends of the rotating portion 25 The portions other than are accommodated in the holding portions 17 of the corresponding rotating arms 11.
[0028]
  As shown also in FIG. 3, from the lower end portion of the rotating portion 25, the earth removal is a plurality of (for example, two) elongated plate-like cutting blade portions that cut the side wall portion of the heel H1 to break the heel H1. As the portion 26 gradually moves away from the rotation center axis α as it goes from the upper end to the lower end, it protrudes obliquely downward, and from the lower end portion of each earthing portion 26 is a cutting portion that is a slightly elongated plate-like cutting blade portion 27 protrudes horizontally toward the outer side away from the rotation center axis α.
[0029]
  That is, for example, the integrated action plate 28 having a soil discharging function and a cutting function integrally formed in a substantially L shape by a metal elongated plate-like member or the like is arranged in a substantially C shape in a side view. For example, a bolt 29 is detachably attached to the lower end portion of each rotating portion 25. And the cutting part 27 is comprised in the lower end part of each action plate 28, and the earth removal part 26 is constituted in the part projected from the lower end part of the rotation part 25 of each action plate 28, and the cutting part 27 and the earth removal part 26 is united.
[0030]
  In addition, the one soil cutting body 12 and the other soil discharging body are arranged so that the movement region of the cutting portion 27 of one soil cutting body 12 and the movement region of the cutting portion 27 of the other soil cutting body 12 do not overlap. The cut body 12 is in a state having a separation distance of a predetermined distance or more. Note that the upper end of the rotating part 25 of each soil cutting body 12 is inserted into the transmission case 32 through the long hole 31, and the power from the input shaft 10 is passed through the first transmission means 33 to each rotating part 25. Is transmitted.
[0031]
  Further, on the right side of the movable machine frame 5, a predetermined portion (for example, a main portion W1 of the crop W in a slightly forward standing posture, which has been guided by the pair of left and right guide rods 18 to be brought into the holding position, for example, The crop W in a standing position after being transported to a predetermined height above the ground obliquely and upward in a state of sandwiching the relatively hard white part exposed by the soil removal of the soil cutting body 12 from both the left and right sides. A conveying means 35 is provided for horizontally conveying one side to the left or right side, for example, the left side in a state where it can be taken out obliquely and upwardly supported from the front and the lower side in the standing posture.
[0032]
  Here, the conveyance means 35 includes a right conveyance belt 36 which is a revolving one side conveying belt arranged in a substantially straight line shape in plan view, and a reversible other side conveyance arranged in a substantially L shape in a plan view. And a left conveying belt 37 which is a belt.
[0033]
  The right conveying belt 36 is formed in an endless shape, for example, with soft rubber or the like, and is wound around the driving roller 38 and the front end driven roller 39. The right conveyor belt 36 has a slanted one-side forward path surface portion 36a that is positioned along the front-rear direction and has a front, rear, and rear height.
[0034]
  On the other hand, the left conveying belt 37 is formed endlessly with, for example, soft rubber, and is wound around the driving roller 40, the plurality of driven rollers 41, and the front end driven roller 41a and pressed by the pressing roller 42. ing. The left conveyor belt 37 includes a front-rear and rear-height inclined other-side forward surface portion 37a facing the one-side outward-direction surface portion 36a and a supporting outward-direction surface portion positioned along the left-right horizontal direction. 37b, and an intermediate forward path surface portion 37c, which is a substantially square-shaped bent portion that is positioned between the other-side forward path surface portion 37a and the supporting forward path surface portion 37b and is inclined leftward with respect to the front-rear direction.
[0035]
  Further, the transport means 35 includes a substantially rectangular plate-like support body 43 having a support surface 43a inclined forward and downward, and the forward path located substantially on the same plane as the support forward path surface portion 37b of the left transport belt 37. An endless transport belt 44 capable of turning is provided, which has a clamping intermediate forward path surface portion 44b located on substantially the same plane as the surface portion 44a and the intermediate forward path surface portion 37c.
[0036]
  The conveyor belt 44 is formed, for example, in an endless shape with soft rubber or the like, and is wound around a driving roller 40 and a driven roller 41 that are common to the left conveyor belt 37, and the left conveyor belt 44 is positioned below the left conveyor belt 37. The belt 37 is arranged side by side.
[0037]
  Further, on the outer peripheral surface side of the conveyor belt 44, convex portions 44c, which are a plurality of protrusions that prevent the crop W in a standing position from being scattered over the entire side, are spaced apart from each other at equal intervals. It is formed in a state of being lined up in the turning direction. The gap between the convex portions 44c adjacent to each other in the turning direction is large enough for the main body W1 of the crop W to enter.
[0038]
  Furthermore, the conveying means 35 includes a plurality of (for example, three) rotatable rotating bodies 45 for holding a substantially circular disc having a contact portion 45a on the outer peripheral surface side that contacts the main body portion W1 of the crop W in a standing posture. I have.
[0039]
  Each rotating body 45 is juxtaposed facing the clamping intermediate forward path surface portion 44b of the conveyor belt 44, and is pressed against the convex portion 44c of the clamping intermediate forward path surface portion 44b by the biasing means 47 such as a coil spring. . Further, the contact portion 45a of each rotating body 45 is formed of an elastic member such as a sponge material that can be elastically deformed so as not to damage the crop W. Each rotating body 45 is driven and rotated by a force from the conveying belt 44 side, and the crop W is nipped and conveyed by the outer peripheral contact portion 45a and the convex portion 44c of the intermediate intermediate path surface portion 44b of the conveying belt 44. The conveying direction is smoothly changed from the diagonally upper side to the left side.
[0040]
  In addition, between the conveyance start end part of the right conveyance belt 36 and the conveyance start end part of the left conveyance belt 37, the plane W has a substantially triangular shape in plan view so that the crop W can be held at the holding position without being damaged. The space portion 48 is formed. Further, the power from the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the drive rollers 38 and 40 via the second transmission means 34.
[0041]
  Further, the conveying means 35 can be adjusted to rotate up and down so that the front end side moves up and down around the rotation axis in the left-right direction by the rotation operation of the operation handle 49, and the height position (holding height position of the conveying start end) is adjustable. ) Is adjustable. It is noted that the stock W is temporarily stocked in a state where the standing crop W is supported only from the front and below by the forward path surface portion 37b of the left conveyor belt 37, the forward path surface portion 44a of the conveyor belt 44, and the support surface 43a of the support body 43. A stock portion 50 having a substantially L-shaped cross section is configured.
[0042]
  Further, after excavating a predetermined portion of the root W2 of the crop W standing in the rear position of the soil cutting body 12 with the cutting blade 57 on the tip side, the right side of the movable machine frame 5 is A digging conveyor 61 is provided as an auxiliary conveying means that is inclined forward and downward, and is lifted and conveyed obliquely and upward together with the upper conveying means 35 while the standing crop W is supported from below by the conveying surface 58. The digging conveyor 61 is disposed below the conveyance start end side of the conveyance means 35.
[0043]
  The digging conveyor 61 includes, for example, a conveyor main body 62 and a plate-shaped digging blade 57 that is provided at the conveyance start end of the conveyor main body 62 and moves in the soil of the field H.
[0044]
  This conveyor body 62 has a drive shaft 63 and a driven shaft 64 in the left-right direction, and sprockets 65 that are rotating bodies are attached to both ends of the drive shaft 63 and the driven shaft 64, respectively. Further, a pair of left and right rotating bodies 66 are wound around these sprockets 65 so as to be able to rotate, and a plurality of left and right rods 67 are bridged at equal intervals between the pair of left and right chains 66. A conveying surface 58 is formed on the upper surface of the conveyor body 62. The power from the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the drive shaft 63 via the second transmission means 34.
[0045]
  Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the right side of the movable machine frame 5 (one side of the machine body 2) is driven in a predetermined direction (the direction shown in the figure) with the rotation center axis β in the horizontal direction as the center. By rotating the left and right conveyor belts 36 and 37, the attached soil S adhering to the lower end portion of the crop W (for example, the lower end of the main body portion W1 and the uncut root portion W2) being nipped and transported is removed from below and simultaneously left and right. A soil removing means 71 that is a soil removing device for removing from both sides is provided, and the soil removing means 71 is disposed below an intermediate portion of the conveying means 35.
[0046]
  This soil removing means 71 is transmitted in the left and right horizontal directions in which the power from the input shaft 10 is transmitted through the second transmission means 34 and is driven to rotate in a predetermined direction (b direction in the figure) around the rotation center axis β. The rotating shaft body 72 has a base end side of the rotating shaft body 72 connected to the second transmission means 34, and the distal end portion of the rotating shaft body 72 is a free end portion.
[0047]
  The rotating shaft 72 is rotated at a lower position just below the crop W being nipped and transported by the left and right transport belts 36 and 37, and removes the soil S attached to the crop W from below. 73 is fixedly provided so as to drive and rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 72.
[0048]
  The first soil removing body 73 has, for example, a cylindrical mounting drum 74 fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 72, and the outer peripheral surface of the mounting drum 74 is on the lower surface side of the soil S to which the crop W is attached. A plurality of elastic removal protrusions 75 that are in contact with each other and remove soil are attached in a state of being dispersed over the entire outer peripheral surface. Each of the soil removal protrusions 75 has a substantially inverted V shape formed of, for example, a soft rubber or a metal material such as iron, and is attached to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the rotation direction of the attachment drum 74. Yes.
[0049]
  Further, in the portion of the rotating shaft 72 where the first soil removing body 73 is not provided, for example, on the left and right sides of the first soil removing body 73, the crop W being sandwiched and transported by the left and right transport belts 36 and 37. A pair of left and right second soil removing bodies 77, 77 that rotate at both left and right side positions to remove the soil S attached to the crop W from both sides are provided so as to be driven and rotated integrally with the rotating shaft 72. The second soil removing bodies 77 are positioned adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the first soil removing body 73 and the rotating shaft body 72. That is, the first soil removing body 73 and the second soil removing body 77 are arranged coaxially and rotate around the rotation center axis β that is a common axis.
[0050]
  Each of the second soil removing bodies 77 can be slidably adjusted along the axial direction of the rotating shaft body 72, and the distance from the first soil removing body 73 can be adjusted. In other words, each second soil removal body 77 can be adjusted in the left-right position with respect to the rotating shaft body 72.
[0051]
  Each of the second soil removal bodies 77 is bilaterally symmetric, and has, for example, a longitudinal mounting arm 78 projecting in two directions along the radial direction from the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 72. At both ends in the longitudinal direction, soil removal plates 79, which are elastic plates that perform soil removal by being in contact with the side surface of the crop W attached soil S in the transport direction, are attached.
[0052]
  The four soil removal plates 79 are each formed in a rectangular plate shape, for example, with soft rubber or the like, and one end side in the short direction is a mounting plate portion 81, and the action plate is elastically deformed on the other side in the short direction. It is part 82. The mounting plate 81 is detachably mounted in a state of being overlapped with the mounted plate 78a of the mounting arm 78. The surface 82a on the rotation direction side, which is one surface of the action plate 82, separates and removes the adhered soil S from the crop W by intermittently hitting the adhered soil S of the crop W by rotation.
[0053]
  Each soil removal plate 79 is attached in a state where the longitudinal direction of the soil removal plate 79 is inclined by a predetermined angle θ (θ is about 20 °, for example) with respect to the radial direction of the rotary shaft 72. That is, the pair of soil removing plates 79 that are opposed to each other on the left and right sides are attached to the attached plate portion 78a of the attachment arm 78 so as to have a substantially C-shaped (tapered) arrangement. That is, the pair of soil removing plates 79 that are opposed to each other on the left and right sides are separated from the main body W1 of the crop W by a predetermined distance or more so that the main body W1 is prevented from being damaged. It is arranged in a substantially C shape (tapered shape) so that the separation distance gradually increases toward the side.
[0054]
  Further, each mounting arm 78 has a cylindrical insertion portion 84 in the central portion in the longitudinal direction, the rotary shaft 72 is inserted into the insertion portion 84, and the mounting arm 78 is rotated by a bolt 85 as a fixture. Removably fixed to the body 72. The bolt 85 is loosened to release the fixing of the mounting arm 78 and the fixing position of the mounting arm 78 with respect to the rotating shaft 72 is changed to slide the second soil removing body 77 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 72. Make adjustments.
[0055]
  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the base mounting portion 90 of the movable machine frame 5 is formed in a substantially horizontal plate-like shape that is located adjacent to the conveyance end portion of the conveyance means 35 and on which a predetermined amount of the crop W can be placed. A work table 91, which is a crop mounting table, is detachably attached, and a bundling operation for bundling an appropriate amount of the crop W on the work table 91 can be performed.
[0056]
  A rotatable grounding wheel 93 that supports the movable machine frame 5 is provided on both the left and right sides of the movable machine frame 5. Further, a working means 98 is constituted by the soil cutting body 12, the guide rod 18, the conveying means 35, the digging conveyor 61, the soil removing means 71 and the like, and this working means 98 is composed of the movable machine frame 5 of the machine body 2. The left and right movements can be switched between a non-working state located behind the tractor T and a working state located outside the rear wheel T2, which is a wheel as a traveling portion of the tractor T. For example, when the agricultural work machine 1 is transported to a warehouse after the work is finished, the working means 98 is switched to a non-working state by moving the movable machine frame 5 and the work table 91 is removed from the movable machine frame 5 to the tractor T side. Reduce the amount of protrusion to the direction. The machine body 2 is constituted by the three-point connecting means 3, the fixed machine frame 4, the parallel link 6, the movable machine frame 5, the rotating arm 11, and the like.
[0057]
  Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
[0058]
  When the farm work machine 1 with the working means 98 set to the working state is moved forward through the field H by the traveling of the tractor T, the pair of left and right rotating soil discharging cutting bodies 12 are disposed of The left and right side walls are cut and the ridge H1 is broken, the soil on the left and right sides of the crop W grown on the ridge H1 is eliminated, and substantially the entire main body W1 of the crop W is exposed.
[0059]
  At the same time, a predetermined portion of the root W2 of the crop W is cut at the cutting portions 27 of the pair of left and right rotating soil cutting bodies 12, and the tip side portion of the root W2 is separated and removed from the crop W.
[0060]
  Then, the pre-processed crop W in the standing posture is digged by the digging blade 57 of the digging conveyor 61 while being guided from both the left and right sides by the pair of left and right guide bars 18, and then the digging conveyor 61 Further, it is transported to a predetermined position on the ground without breaking the standing posture by the transport means 35.
[0061]
  When transporting the crop W, the right transport belt 36, the left transport belt 37, and the transport belt 44 of the transport means 35 rotate in synchronization with each other by the power from the input shaft 10 side, and the crop W in a standing posture is on one side. After being held and transported obliquely rearward and upward while being clamped from both the left and right sides by the forward path surface portion 36a and the forward path surface portion 37a, the standing crop W is supported in the standing posture while the forward path surface portion 37b and the forward path surface portion 44a are supported. Is supported from the front and is supported from below by the support surface 43a of the support 43, and is conveyed one side to the left. At the time of this one-side conveyance, the crop W in a standing posture is supported and conveyed only on one side of the front side with the rear side exposed, so that it can be easily taken out obliquely rearward and upward.
[0062]
  The change in the conveyance direction of the crop W is smoothly performed without damaging the crop W by the nipping and conveying of the crop W by the contact portion 45a of each rotating body 45 and the intermediate forward path surface portion 44b for nipping the conveyance belt 44.
[0063]
  Further, when nipping and transporting by the right transport belt 36 and the left transport belt 37, the first soil removing body 73 rotating at the lower position of the transporting crop W was attached to the crop W relatively hard. The attached soil S is removed from below, and at the same time, the attached soil S of the crop W is removed from both the left and right sides by the pair of left and right second soil removing bodies 77 rotating at the left and right sides of the transported crop W. Is done. In this way, the attached soil S is separated and removed from the lower end portion of the agricultural product W being conveyed, and falls onto the field H.
[0064]
  Then, as the work progresses, as shown in FIG. 5, the worker who follows the farm machine 1 lifts the conveying means 35 so as to take out a predetermined amount of the crop W during the one-side conveyance, and conveys the conveying means 35. Is placed on a workbench 91 arranged in the vicinity of the workbench, and then a predetermined amount of the crop W placed on the workbench 91 is bundled on the workbench 91, and the crop W bundled in one of them is farmed. Place it on the platform of the transport vehicle located on or near H.
[0065]
  That is, as the work progresses, a plurality of standing crops W are supported only from the front and below by the stock section 50 of the transport means 35, and a predetermined amount is temporarily stocked. Then, the worker who follows the farm machine 1 lifts the predetermined amount of the crop W stored in the stock section 50 so as to be taken out obliquely upward and spreads the sheet 99 on the work table 91. Place it in a lying position on top. Next, the worker covers a predetermined amount of the crop W in the lying position with the sheet 99, binds the string 100 and bundles them, and places the bundled crops W on the field H or on the platform of a transport vehicle located nearby. To go.
[0066]
  According to the above-described embodiment, the standing crop W picked up from the field H is sandwiched from the left and right sides by the one-side forward path surface portion 36a of the right transport belt 36 and the other-side forward path surface portion 37a of the left transport belt 37. In this state, it is nipped and conveyed obliquely rearward and the conveying direction is changed in the standing posture between the contact portion 45a of the rotating body 45 and the intermediate forward path surface portion 44b for nipping the conveying belt 44. It is supported on the forward path surface portion 37b for support and the forward path surface portion 44a of the conveyor belt 44 from the front, and is transported to the left side in a standing posture while being supported from below on the support surface 43a of the support body 43. For this reason, unlike the conventional case, there is no time and effort required for the bundling work for bundling the appropriate amounts of the crops W, so that the work can be performed efficiently and the workability can be improved.
[0067]
  Further, since the conveyor belt 44 has a plurality of convex portions 44c that prevent the crop W in the standing posture from falling sideways, the crop W in the standing posture inadvertently falls sideways when the crop W is conveyed on one side. And stable one-sided conveyance can be realized.
[0068]
  Furthermore, since the plurality of rotatable rotating bodies 45 having elastically deformable contact portions 45a in contact with the crops W are provided on the outer peripheral side, the conveyance direction of the crops W is appropriately changed from one obliquely upward to one side. Can do.
[0069]
  On the other hand, since it is configured to include a soil removal cutting body 12 that rotates in a predetermined direction at the front position of the conveying means 35 to remove the soil on the side of the crop W in the field H and simultaneously cuts a predetermined portion of the crop W. For example, the number of parts can be reduced, the configuration can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced as compared with a configuration in which a soil removal body and a cutting body are provided separately.
[0070]
  Moreover, by adjusting the left and right positions of the soil cutting body 12 according to the crop W, the soil on the side of the crop W can be appropriately removed by the soil cutting body 12, and at the same time, the predetermined part of the crop W is appropriately Can be cut.
[0071]
  Moreover, since it is the structure which comprises the soil removal means 71 which removes the adhesion soil S which rotated in the predetermined direction and adhered to the lower end part of the agricultural products W currently conveyed from the lower part from the lower side, for example, 1st soil removal Compared to the configuration in which the body 73 and the second soil removing body 77 are provided separately, the number of parts can be reduced, the configuration can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
[0072]
  Further, by adjusting the left and right positions of the second soil removal body 77 of the soil removal means 71 according to the crop W, the soil S attached to the crop W can be appropriately removed from the side by the second soil removal body 77.
[0073]
  The farm work machine 1 is most suitable for harvesting deep root onions as the crop W, but can also be applied to harvesting other crops W other than deep root onions.
[0074]
  Further, the farm work machine 1 is not limited to a traction type that is used by being detachably attached to the rear part of the tractor T, and may be a self-propelled type in which, for example, wheels driven by an engine are provided in the machine body 2.
[0075]
  Further, the conveying belt 44 of the conveying means 35 is not limited to the one formed by projecting the convex portion 44c on the outer surface of the flat belt. For example, although not shown, it is formed by a corrugated belt having the convex portion 44c. Thing may be.
[0076]
  Further, the agricultural machine 1 removes the soil on both the left and right sides of the crop W of the basket H1 of the farm field H by breaking the basket H1, and at the same time cuts a predetermined part of the crop W, for example, a predetermined part of the root W2 For example, a pretreatment device that does not have a cutting function and has only a soil discharging function, that is, for example, the left and right of the crop W of the basket H1 in the field H It may be provided with a pair of left and right substantially disc-shaped soil removing discs for removing the soil on both sides by breaking the heel H1.
[0077]
【The invention's effect】
ContractClaim1According to the invention, when the agricultural product is transported, the one-side transport belt and the other-side transport belt rotate synchronously so that the crop in the standing posture is sandwiched from both the left and right sides by the one-side forward path surface portion and the other-side forward path surface portion. In this state, the crops in the standing posture are supported from the front by the support forward path surface and from the lower side by the support surface of the support body from below. Since one side is conveyed to any one side, for example, it does not take time for the bundling work for bundling appropriate amounts of agricultural products, and the work can be performed efficiently.
[0078]
  Claim2According to the invention, since the reversible endless transport belt having the forward path surface portion that is positioned substantially on the same plane as the supporting forward path surface portion of the other-side transport belt is provided, the crop is appropriately disposed on either the left or right side. Can be transported on one side.
[0079]
  Claim3According to this invention, it is possible to effectively prevent the crops in the standing posture from falling sideways during the one-side conveyance of the crops by the convex portion of the transport belt.
[0080]
  Claim4According to this invention, since the rotatable rotating body which has the contact part which contacts agricultural products in the outer peripheral side is provided, the conveyance direction of agricultural products can be changed appropriately from diagonally upward to one side.
[0081]
  Claim5According to the invention, since the contact portion of the rotating body is formed by the elastically deformable elastic member, it is possible to prevent the crops from being damaged when the conveyance direction is changed..
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an agricultural machine according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the agricultural machine.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the soil cutting machine of the agricultural machine.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the soil removing means of the agricultural machine.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a work situation by the agricultural working machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
        1 Agricultural machine
        35 Transport means
        36 Right conveyor belt, one side conveyor belt
        36a Outward surface on one side
        37 Left conveyor belt, the other conveyor belt
        37a Outer road surface on the other side
        37b Outbound surface for support
        43 Support
        43a Support surface
        44 Conveyor belt
        44a Outward road surface
        44c Convex
        45 Rotating body
        45a Contact part
        91 Work table as a crop mounting table
        H field
        W crops

Claims

A farm working machine that continuously conveys an elongated crop grown on a field from the field while moving forward in the field,
An endless one-side transport belt capable of turning and having a one-side forward path surface portion positioned along the front-rear direction;
A reversible endless conveyance belt having a second forward path surface portion positioned along the front-rear direction and a forward support surface portion positioned along the left-right direction facing the one-side forward path surface portion;
A support body having a support surface inclined forward and downward,
When transporting the crop, the one-side transport belt and the other-side transport belt rotate synchronously, and the crop in a standing posture is sandwiched from both the left and right sides by the one-side forward path surface portion and the other-side forward path surface portion. After being held and conveyed diagonally rearward and upward in a state, the crop in a standing posture is supported from the front by the forward path surface portion for support in the standing posture and either from the left or right in a state of being supported from below by the supporting surface. Agricultural machine characterized by being transported to one side.

A reversible endless conveyance belt having a forward path surface portion located substantially on the same plane as the supporting forward path surface portion of the other-side conveyance belt;
When transporting the crops, the one-side transport belt, the other-side transport belt, and the transport belt rotate in synchronism, and the crops in a standing posture are moved forward in the standing forward path surface portion and the forward path surface portion in the standing posture. The agricultural working machine according to claim 1 , wherein the agricultural working machine is conveyed from one side to the left or right side while being supported from below and supported from below by the support surface.

The agricultural machine according to claim 2 , wherein the conveyor belt has a convex portion that prevents the crop in a standing posture from falling sideways.

A rotatable rotating body having a contact portion in contact with an agricultural product on the outer peripheral side is provided. While the agricultural product is sandwiched and conveyed by the contact portion and the conveying belt of the rotating body, the conveying direction is obliquely rearward and upward from one side. The agricultural machine according to claim 2 , wherein the agricultural machine is changed.

The agricultural working machine according to claim 4 , wherein the contact portion of the rotating body is formed of an elastic member that can be elastically deformed.