JPH0889021A - Mud-removing part structure of crop seedling harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a mud-removing structure having more effective mudremoving function without causing the unnecessary lateral swinging motion of the seedling and exhibiting excellent performance such as the removal of mud from a part unable to clean by conventional method, decreased damage on the root and sure mud-removing work by providing a pair of right and left mudremoving claws and reciprocating the claws opposite to each other perpendicular to the transfer direction to effect the removal of mud. CONSTITUTION: This mud-removing structure is provided with a clamping and hoisting apparatus to transfer a dug-up seedling upward to the back in suspended state and a mud-removing transfer apparatus acting on the root of the seedling to apply a transfer force while removing the mud from the root. The mud-removing transfer apparatus 3 has a number of mud-removing claws 18 to be thrust into the root and attached to a circulating chain 19 in laterally movable state. The mud-removing claws 18 are oscillated by an oscillation driving mechanism 3B. The mud-removing transfer apparatus 3 is inclined to raise the back relative to the transfer belt 2B to increase the thrusting depth of the claw 18 into the root in the direction of the stalk toward the downstream side of the seedling transfer direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crop seedling harvesting machine that mechanizes a series of operations for digging and harvesting a mother plant of a root-rooting crop seedling such as straw grass. The technology for realizing the drop function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a crop seedling harvesting machine, the actual Kaihei 4-8
The one disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 0307 is already known. This publication discloses mechanization of a series of seedling harvesting processes from digging of straw grass in the ground to dropping it into a body and collecting it.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the above publication,
The lifting and conveying direction of the seedlings suspended by the sandwiching and lifting device (reference B) and the conveying direction by the mud-removing device (reference C) by the pair of protruding belts are relatively arranged, and
They are set so that their conveying speeds are equal to each other.

Although the above-mentioned conventional technique can obtain the characteristic that the posture of the seedlings is unlikely to change even after passing through the mud-removing device, it seems that there is room for improvement in terms of mud-removing. The reason is that the mud dropping claws rush into the root part from the lateral side, but the mud dropping claws become relatively stationary with respect to the root part except in the direction of entry, so that the mud can be effectively dropped. Is difficult. An object of the present invention is to obtain a crop seedling harvester capable of exhibiting a more effective mud removing effect by devising a mud removing device.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a sandwiching method for lifting and conveying a seedling excavated from the ground rearward and upward in a hanging posture with its stem portion sandwiched. Equipped with a lifting device and a sludge transporting device that acts on the roots of the seedlings transported by this and removes the mud at the roots while applying a rearward transport force along the sandwich lifting device. Attach the transport device to the endless rotation zone so that many of the mud dropping claws that can act on the root of the sandwiched seedlings can swing in the left-right direction with respect to the seedling transporting direction, and move the mud dropping claws to the left and right. It is equipped with a drive rocking mechanism that rocks in the direction of the direction, so that the amount of the nail plunging into the root of the mud dropping nail in the direction of the stump becomes larger toward the lower side of the seedling transport direction. It is characterized in that the sludge transporting device is relatively inclined.
In addition to the above-mentioned configuration, the drive swing mechanism is provided with an interlocking member extending over a plurality of mud dropping claws so as to be capable of reciprocating swing drive, and the interlocking member is slid by driving the endless rotation band. Set the sliding contact guide structure that allows the claws to move and swing in the left-right direction with respect to the conveying direction while allowing the claws to move, and change the contact points between the interlocking member and the muddy claws. Conveniently, the working position of the interlocking member can be moved and adjusted so that the swinging angle of the drop claw can be variably set.

[0006]

According to the structure of claim 1, the detailed description will be made in the embodiment, but since the mud dropping claws reciprocate laterally with respect to the seedlings to be conveyed, the mud dropping conveying device and the sandwiching and lifting device are provided. Regardless of the difference in the conveying speed, the mud-cleaning claws continuously exert the mud-cleaning action, and the mud-falling claws do not stand still with respect to the root as in the conventional case. And
Since the mud dropping claws move in the transport direction of the sandwiching and lifting device while swinging to the left and right, it is possible to apply a transport force to the root while sludge is being slid, and the transport of the root may be delayed or the mud dropping resistance It is possible to convey the stalk in a good hanging posture without causing any inconvenience that the stem is damaged by the pulling force due to.

[0007] Further, by slanting the sludge dropping conveying device with respect to the pinching and lifting device so that the amount of nail plunging in the direction of the plant body with respect to the root of the sludge dropping nail becomes larger toward the lower side of the seedling conveying direction. , The depth of digging into the root of the mud claw can be gradually deepened as it is conveyed, that is, the amount of bite per nail can be made uniform, and the impact of digging into the nail can be reduced compared to the case of sudden deep biting. As a result, the mud can be smoothly sloughed off without undesirably damaging the roots or causing the sideways shake to disturb the conveyance.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the interlocking member that swings the mud dropping claw that is being conveyed is a member that extends in the conveying direction, and the mud dropping claw is driven by a contact interlocking structure. Therefore, there is no hindrance to the transport movement or swing movement of the mud dropping claws, and there is no waste of driving and swinging the mud dropping claws in positions that do not act on the root portion.
Since the swinging angle of the mud dropping claw can be changed by adjusting the position of the interlocking member, for example, when the viscosity is low and the mud is relatively good, the swinging angle can be narrowed to minimize the damage to the root. When the viscosity is high and the mud removal is relatively poor, the rocking angle is widened to obtain an effective mud removal action. It will be possible.

[0009]

As a result, in the mud dropping structure according to the first aspect, the pair of left and right mud dropping claws are oscillated opposite to each other in the lateral direction with respect to the conveying direction so as to remove the seedlings unnecessarily. A more effective mud-removing function was obtained without rolling, and mud that could not be removed by conventional methods can be removed, and more reliable mud-removing operation with less damage to the roots could be provided. In addition to the above-mentioned effects, the mud dropping structure according to claim 2 has an advantage that the mud can be satisfactorily removed even if there is a difference in the soil quality of the planting site of the seedlings, or the mud dropping function can be further enhanced. is there.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a harvester for a straw seedling strain, which is an example of a crop seedling. An excavating device 1 for excavating a seedling M in the ground, a sandwiching and lifting device 2 for suspending the seedling M excavated by the excavating device 1 and lifting it backward and upward, and a sandwiching and lifting device 2
The traveling machine body 4 is provided with a mud-removing transporting device 3 that removes the mud of the seedlings M in a suspended transfer state by the traveling machine body 4, and the traveling machine body 4 has a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 5, 5, a driving unit 6, an engine 7, and the like. It is equipped with a straw harvester plant harvester.

The excavation device 1 is a lifting / lowering device in which a pair of left and right sleds 8 and 8 mounted on a work frame 10 and a pair of left and right plows 9 and a pair of left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 are arranged to face each other. It is composed of the front end portion 2a of the feeding device 2. The nip-lifting device 2 includes a front transport unit 2A having a steep rear upslope,
It is made up of a gentle rearward-inclined rear transport unit 2B, and both transport units 2A, 2B are paired with left and right transport belts 11, 11.
It is configured such that the front and rear rolling wheels 12 and 13 are supported by the work frame 10. The front and rear transport units 2A and 2B are
In order to ensure the delivery of the seedlings M, they are partially overlapped with each other in the front and back, and the rear transport section 2B extends to the vicinity of the rear end of the machine body 4 to hold the stems of the seedlings M over a long distance. And hang and transfer.

Explaining the excavation part 1 in detail, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the sled 8 is formed in a cross-section ∪ shape composed of left and right sled side surfaces 8A, 8A and a grounding surface 8B. The right sled 8 on the already cut side is formed on the ground contact surface 8B wider than the left sled 8 on the uncut side, and the ground contact area is increased as much as possible so that a stable sled action can be exhibited. The plow 9 is a front view L composed of a vertical plow part 9A and a horizontal plow part 9B.
It is formed in a letter shape, and is attached to a portion of the inner surface 8A of the sled 8 which is recessed inward.

A portion of the sled side surface 8A on the seedling side near the ground surface is formed on a flank side surface 8a inclined laterally outward, and a vertical plow portion 9A is a flank longitudinal surface inclined laterally outward. 9a. This is a seedling M as shown in FIG.
Has a sprout m and its root mn formed around the plant body, and has a downwardly swollen shape. Therefore, by adjusting the shapes of the sled 8 and the plow 9 to match them, the sled side surface 8A
The vertical guides 9A and the vertical plowed surface 9A prevent the shoots m from being scratched or chipped, and an effective guide action and cut K formation near the side of the plant can be performed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the seedling M starts to be sandwiched by the pair of conveyor belts 11 (specifically, the front and rear central portions of the stem and the rotation axis Y of the front wheel 12 are seen from a side view). In a matched state, the horizontal plow 9B is located at the front-rear intermediate portion of the root, and the plow 9 and the conveyor belt 11 pair are arranged relatively to each other so that the cut K is not completely formed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a weeding device 15 for weeding the planted seedlings M is provided in a state of being arranged above the sleds 8, 8 on the left and right. The vertical weeding device 15
It is composed of a winding drivable chain 17 having a weeding claw 16, and the weeding claw 16 is adapted to automatically switch between a protruding weeding action posture and a retracted retracted posture, and hang down. Or stalk while straightening the stem so that it can be easily pulled out.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the mud-dropping conveying device 3 shakes a large number of mud-dropping claws 18 that can act on the root portion n of the seedlings to be nipped and conveyed in the left-right direction with respect to the seedling-conveying direction. It is provided with a pawl transport mechanism 3A attached to a rotary chain (corresponding to an endless rotary band) 19 in a movable state, and a drive rocking mechanism 3B for rocking the mud dropping pawl 18 in the left-right direction. ing. Next, each mechanism will be described in detail.

The claw transport mechanism 3A is provided with front and rear sprockets 2.
A rotating chain 19 is wound around 0 and 20, and a horizontally elongated substrate 21 mounted on a chain link 19a is spaced at predetermined intervals so that it can swing around a front-rear axis P and has a substantially V-shaped sludge drop. The claws 18 are pivotally supported in two left and right rows. The mud dropping claw 18 is formed by bending a bar material, and in order to stabilize the conveyance posture of the wide substrate 21, a pair of left and right guide bars 2 that slidably contact the lower surfaces of the left and right bent ends of the substrate 21.
2 and 22 are provided.

The drive swing mechanism 3B has a pair of left and right support shafts 23a, 23 arranged immediately below it along the longitudinal axis P.
Operation bar 2 with a reverse U-shaped bar that is long in front and back in side view
The operated arms 2 which support the interlocking members 23 and 23 formed by fixing 3b and 23b and are attached to the respective support shafts 23a.
4 and the interlocking rod 26, which is bearing-fitted to the rotationally driven crankshaft 25, is pivotally mounted. The shaft center X of the support shaft 23a is parallel to the shaft center P of the mud dropping claw 18, and the operation bar 23b is located at the crotch of the mud dropping claw 18 on the rearward moving side, which is the upper side of the rotary chain 19, and the lower side. On the forward moving side, which is the side, the shaft 2 is attached to the crotch of the mud dropping claw 18.
3a is located.

When the rotational power is transmitted to the crankshaft 25,
The left and right interlocking members 23 reciprocally swing back and forth around the front-rear axis X to swing the mud dropping claw 18 on the upper side to the left and right within a predetermined angle range, and the lower side in a state of straddling the support shaft 23a. The mud dropping claw 18 at is moved forward without swinging left and right. Therefore, the claw transport mechanism 3 that drives the rotary chain 19 to transport the two rows of mud dropping claws 18, 18
When the drive rocking mechanism 3B is driven in the driving state A, the interlocking member 23 and the mud dropping nail 18 are slidably contactable with each other. Share M
It effectively loosens the root n of the rice and removes the mud.
That is, a pair of left and right mud dropping claws 18, 18 are arranged side by side to form a pair of claws.
The drive swing mechanism 3B functions so as to drive the eight so as to face each other so as to swing in mutually opposite directions.

That is, in the state in which the drive swinging mechanism 3B drives the reciprocating swinging movement of the interlocking member 23 extending along the conveying direction across the plurality of mud dropping claws 18 that move into the root n of the seedling M. In addition to being provided and configured, the interlocking member 23 is set to a sliding contact guide structure in which the mud dropping claws 18 are laterally abuttingly interlocked with each other while allowing the conveying movement of the mud dropping claws 18 that are moved by the drive of the endless rotation band 19. There is. As shown in FIG. 6, when the left and right mud dropping claws 18, 18 are swung toward the side closer to each other, each mud dropping claw 18, 1 is viewed in the transport direction.
Right and left mud dropping claws 18 and 1 so that the movement trajectories of 8 may interfere.
8 is displaced in the front-rear direction.

The sludge transporting device 3 is also supported by the work frame 10, and the work frame 10 has a fulcrum shaft 27 which will be described later.
It is swingable about its axis Q and can be driven up and down by the expansion and contraction movement of the hydraulic cylinder 14 installed over the work frame 10 and the machine body 6. That is, the entire harvesting work device A including the digging device 1, the sandwiching and lifting device 2, the sludge transporting device 3, etc. is mounted on the machine body 6 so as to be capable of being driven up and down, and the work frame 10 is lifted and lowered according to the ground situation. Even so, the relative positional relationship between the picking and lifting unit 2 and the mud-falling transport device 3 and the harvesting work device A does not change.

The transmission system will be briefly described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the output shaft 7a of the engine 7 and the counter shaft 28 at the front end of the machine body are belt-interlocked with each other, and from this counter shaft 28, the crawler traveling device 5 and the fulcrum. A belt is interlocked with the shaft 27. From the fulcrum shaft 27, the front crank shaft 25 and the front sprocket 20 of the pawl transport mechanism 3A are interlocked, and from the rotary shaft 20a of the front sprocket 20 to the relay shaft 2
The belt is linked to 9. The relay shaft 29 is interlocked with the sandwiching and lifting device 2 through the upper transmission shaft 30 and the weeding device 15 through the lower transmission shaft 31, and the rear wheel shaft of the front transport unit 2A. The shaft is transmitted from 32 to the rear transport unit 2B.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the mud dropping device 3 is supported by the work frame 10 via the movable frame 3F and rocks around the axis Q of the fulcrum shaft 27 with respect to the work frame 10. It is constructed so that it can be moved and maintained. That is, the movable frame 3F that supports the crank shaft 25, the rotating shaft 20a, and the like is supported by the fulcrum shaft 27 so as to be relatively rotatable with a bearing or the like, and the movable frame 3F and the work frame 10 are provided with the holes 34 and the nut portions 35. They are distributed and fixed by connecting bolts 36. The holes 34 are arranged at a plurality of locations on an arc around the axis Q, and the mud-dropping conveying device 3 can be tilted rearward relative to the conveyor belt 11 and the rearward inclination angle can be changed and set. I can do it. With the above configuration, the mud dropping nail 1
Reference numeral 8 is to gradually deepen the amount of nail penetration from below to the root portion of the seedlings conveyed by the conveyor belt 11 so that mud can be gradually dropped from the lower end without damaging the root.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of left and right guide members 37, 37 for transferring the seedlings sent from the holding and lifting device 2 to the conveyor belt 11 are provided, and these guide members 37, 37 are provided. Is designed to be applied by guiding it to the upper surface of the portion of the root portion that laterally extends from the stem, and the depth of the claw penetration into the root portion by the mud dropping device 3 is determined depending on the arrangement of the guide member 37. is there. Both guide members 37, 37 are rotatably supported (stopped by bolts or the like) around a lateral fulcrum Y provided on the front part thereof.
The depth of the mud dropping claw 18 can be changed and set.

Further, the operation bar 23b of the interlocking member 23
Is configured to be movable up and down with respect to the support shaft 23a, and an adjusting mechanism B is provided which can change the contact portion of the mud dropping claw 18 with respect to the swing support point P. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the operation bar 23b is attached to the front and rear fixing rods 3 fixed to the support shaft 23a.
9, 39 and the downwardly movable U-shaped movable pipe 38 are connected by pressure welding with bolts, and the adjusting mechanism B is constituted by a structure for operating the bolts to raise and lower the relative vertical positions of these two.

Next, a series of harvesting operations of this harvester will be described. With the progress of the aircraft, the left and right plows 9 and 9 create cuts K on the left and right of and below the planting Mushroom seedling strain M, while the right and left sleds 8 and 8 and the weeding device 15 divide the seedling M. The stalks of the seedlings M begin to be sandwiched between the conveyor belts 11 and 11 of the front conveying section 2A in the state where the cuts K are formed to facilitate excavation, and the seedlings M are pulled out from the ground by the conveying force. At the same time, the stalks are clamped and lifted backward and upward.

Then, in the state of being suspended and transferred by the rear transport unit 2B, the mud transport device 3 loosens the root portion to remove the mud. The transport speed by the rear transport unit 2B: V ₁ , Transport speed by the transport device 3: V ₂
Then, the respective drive speeds are set so that the relationship of V ₂ > V ₁ is established. By the way, V ₁ = 0.35m / s and V ₂ = 0.40m / s are set, and by this speed setting, the root part of the seedling M such as the rear part, the center part and the front part is spread over the whole root part. The effect of loosening mud is imparted. The seedlings M, for which the operation of the mud-dropping transport device 3 has been completed, fall and are collected by the collecting unit 33 at the rear of the machine body.

[Other Embodiments] The mud-removing device 3 may be configured to be movable up and down in parallel while maintaining a predetermined rearward rising inclination angle with respect to the rear transport section 2B.

It should be noted that reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Side view of the strawberries seedling harvester

[Fig. 2] Plan view of the strawberries seedling harvester

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the digging device.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the digging device.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing the structure of the sludge transporting device.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the sludge transporting device

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a mounting structure of a movable frame and a work frame.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a mounting state of the mud dropping claws.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Clamping and Lifting Device 3 Mud Dropping Transport Device 3B Drive Swing Mechanism 18 Mud Dropping Claw 19 Endless Rotating Band 23 Interlocking Member

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A sandwiching and lifting device (2) capable of lifting and transporting a seedling excavated from the ground rearward and upward in a hanging posture with the stem portion sandwiched, and seedlings transported by this. A sludge transporting device (3) which acts on the root part of the plant and gives a rearward transporting force along the sandwiching and lifting device (2), and removes mud on the root part. (3) A plurality of mud dropping claws (18) that can act on the roots of the seedlings that are nipped and conveyed can be swung in the left-right direction with respect to the seedling conveying direction, and the endless rotation band (1
9) and a drive swinging mechanism (3B) for swinging the mud dropping claw (18) in the left-right direction, the claw in the stock body direction relative to the root of the mud dropping claw (18). The mud dropping part of the crop seed harvesting machine in which the mud dropping conveying device (3) is relatively inclined with respect to the sandwiching and lifting device (2) so that the rush amount becomes larger toward the lower side in the seedling conveying direction. Construction. 2. The drive swing mechanism (3B) is configured by providing an interlocking member (23) extending over a plurality of the mud dropping claws (18) so as to be reciprocally swingable, and the interlocking member ( 23) is a slide for driving and swinging the mud dropping claw (18) by contacting the mud dropping claw (18) while allowing the transport movement of the mud dropping claw (18) by driving the endless rotation band (19). The contact guide structure is set, and the contact position between the interlocking member (23) and the mud dropping claw (18) is changed so that the swing angle of the mud dropping claw (18) can be variably set. The mud dropping structure of the crop stock harvester according to claim 1, wherein the working position of the interlocking member (23) is movable and adjustable.