JP2753988B2 - Solar collector and heat utilization equipment using it - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a solar heat collector and a heat utilization facility using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solar heat collectors for concentrating sunlight at one place have been developed. In this conventional solar heat collector, one transparent pipe is used as a heat collecting part, and a heat medium such as water flows inside the single pipe. Therefore, the heat medium at normal temperature is passed through the inside of the single pipe, and the heat medium absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy while passing through the single pipe, and the temperature of the heat medium rises. Thus, light energy is collected as heat energy.

[0003]

However, conventional solar heat collectors are of a large scale or have a low efficiency of collecting light energy of sunlight and converting the light energy into heat energy. There's a problem. In addition, power generation devices and heating devices developed using conventional solar collectors,
There is also a problem that utilization equipment such as a hot water supply device is also inefficient. Furthermore, when a heat medium is passed through this single pipe in a state where the single pipe of the heat collecting portion of the conventional solar heat collector is heated by heat, the heat medium inlet of the single pipe has high heat even though the single pipe has a high heat. Since the heat medium is at room temperature, the single pipe is cooled to near room temperature in an instant. This is because the single pipe dissipates heat, the heat medium absorbs the heat, and heat exchange occurs between the single pipe and the heat medium. For this reason, it takes time to raise the temperature of the portion near the heat medium inlet of the single pipe again. Therefore, there is a problem that steam cannot be continuously emitted, and steam can be generated only intermittently.

[0004] In view of such circumstances, the present invention is capable of compactly and efficiently collecting light energy of sunlight and storing the light energy as heat energy. This heat energy is efficiently converted to various energies and used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar heat collector capable of continuously generating steam and a heat utilization facility using the same.

[0005]

Solar collector according to claim 1 Means for Solving the Problems] is a mirror polished finish surface of the steel sheet, the mirror surface
The steel plate is curved in a parabolic shape with the
A mirror body part holding a curved shape by a frame, and the mirror surface is thick
A heat collecting part disposed at a position serving as a focal point for receiving the sunlight and condensing the reflected light, wherein the heat collecting part is a first pipe
And a second pipe concentric with it and surrounding the outer periphery, and concentric with it
With a third pipe surrounding the outer circumference with
One end of the first pipe communicates with the heat medium inlet, and the first pipe
A flow hole is formed between the other end of the pump and the other end of the second pipe.
A flow hole is formed between one end of the second pipe and one end of the third pipe
The other end of the third pipe communicates with the heat medium outlet,
The outer circumference of the multiple pipe is a vacuum pipe made of transparent tempered glass.
Enclosed, space between multiple pipes and vacuum pipes is reduced to low vacuum
The heat medium inlet has a two-phase flow from multiple pipes.
A check valve is installed to prevent the boiling heat medium from flowing back.
It is characterized by having been done . Heat utilization equipment of 請 Motomeko 2,
A closed circuit comprising the solar heat collector of claim 1 and a heat / energy converter connected to the solar heat collector, wherein the closed circuit includes the heat / energy converter and the solar heat collector. The heat medium circulates. In this specification,
"Heat utilization equipment" refers to any equipment that utilizes the heat energy stored by the solar heat collector, for example, a power generation device that converts heat energy into electric power, a room that raises the temperature of the room with the heat energy. Heating system,
It refers to a floor heating device that raises the temperature of the floor with thermal energy, a hot water supply device that raises the temperature of water with thermal energy and boil water into hot water, and the like.

[0006]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view according to an embodiment of the solar heat collector of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the same. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the solar heat collector 1 of the present embodiment has a mirror body 10 having a mirror surface 11 curved inward.
The heat collecting unit 20 is disposed at a position where the reflected light reflected by the sunlight shining on the mirror surface 11 of the mirror unit 10 is a focal point. As shown in FIG. 2, when sunlight shines on the inside of the mirror surface 11, the light is reflected and becomes reflected light, and the reflected light gathers and becomes a focal point. Of course, the light energy of sunlight concentrates on this focus.

[0007] The mirror section 10 is formed by bending a thin plate in the width direction.
The inside of this thin plate is a mirror surface 11. This mirror surface 11 is curved in a parabolic shape in side view. In order to maintain the curved shape of the mirror surface 11, both sides of the mirror surface 11 that are curved are held by the bow-shaped frame 12. In the figure, a frame 12 is attached to an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the mirror surface 11 to further reinforce the mirror body portion 10. The mirror surface 11 of the present embodiment has, for example, a thickness of 0.3.
mm steel plate is used, and the surface of the steel plate is sprayed with fine powder or polished with fine abrasive paper to finish the surface to make it easy to reflect sunlight. Also, since this steel plate is thin, it is easy to bend and light. For this reason, it is easy to mount it on the frame 12, which is preferable.

Next, a method of attaching the mirror surface 11 to the frame 12 will be described. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of an edge portion of the frame 12 of the mirror body portion 10, and FIG. 4 is a plan view of the fitting 16. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a reinforcing member 13 is fixed to an end of the bow-shaped frame 12, and a bolt hole (not shown) is formed in the reinforcing member 13. 16 is a metal fitting, 15 is a bolt, and 14 is a nut.
The lower portion of the neck of the bolt 15 is passed through a bolt hole (not shown) of the reinforcing member 13 via a nut 14, and the bolt 15 supports the mirror surface 11 via a bracket 16. of course,
Although not shown, the other end of the frame 12 has a similar structure.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
This is a metal fitting having a circular shape in a plan view, and has a slot 16b for fitting the edge of the mirror surface 11 on the lower surface, and a recess 16c for fitting the foot of the bolt 15 on the upper surface. And the side part 16a of the metal fitting 16 is formed flat.
For this reason, when the bolt 15 is screwed, a compressive force can be applied to the mirror surface 11 via the metal fitting 16. Moreover,
Even when the bolt 15 is screwed, the side portion 16a functions as a detent, so that the metal fitting 16 presses the mirror surface 11 without rotating and applies a compressive force to the mirror surface 11, thereby causing the mirror surface 11 to have the curved shape of the parabola. We can support while keeping.

Next, the heat collecting section 20 will be described. Figure 1 again
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 2, the heat collecting unit 20 is disposed at a position where a reflected light of sunlight on the mirror surface 11 of the mirror unit 10 is concentrated. For this reason, the light energy of sunlight concentrates on this heat collection part 20, and this light energy becomes heat energy, and the heat collection part 20 is heated. FIG.
3 is a side sectional view of the heat collecting section 20. FIG. As shown in the figure,
The heat collector 20 includes a heat medium inlet 2 for receiving a heat medium such as water, and a heat medium outlet 3 for sending out the heat medium.
The heat medium is introduced into the heat collection unit 20 from the heat medium inlet 2 of the heat collection unit 20, absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy inside the heat collection unit 20, and heats the heat of the heat collection unit 20. It is sent out from the medium outlet 3.

Further, the heat collecting section 20 is composed of a multiple pipe 24 concentrically stacked and a vacuum pipe 25 having a larger diameter than the multiple pipe 24. The multiplex pipe 24 is configured such that a heat medium flows therein. In FIG. 5, as an example, a first pipe 21, a second pipe 22, and a third pipe 23 are concentrically stacked. It is a heavy pipe. One end of the first pipe 21 is communicated with the heat medium inlet 2, and several flow holes 21 h are formed on the side peripheral surface at the other end of the first pipe 21. Is flowing. Several flow holes 22h are also formed on the side peripheral surface of the second pipe 22 at the end on the heat medium inlet 2 side, and the heat medium flows through the flow holes 22h. The space between the second pipe 22 and the third pipe 23 communicates with the heat medium outlet 3. As the vacuum pipe 25, a transparent tempered glass (Pyrex glass) is used. For this reason, it is preferable that the sunlight is transmitted through the vacuum pipe 25 and is not damaged even if the inside is in a low vacuum state. Further, since the multiple pipe 24 is composed of a plurality of pipes 21, 22, and 23, the amount of heat given to the outermost third pipe 23 is increased by heat conduction and convection of the heating medium. Further, it is sequentially transmitted to the inner first pipe 21. Therefore, the heat medium passing through the first pipe 21 is preheated by this heat.
Therefore, the rapid rise in temperature when the heat medium undergoes a phase transformation from liquid to vapor is alleviated, and the first temperature inside the multiple pipe 24 is reduced.
The pipe 21 is not quenched. Further, since the flow rate of the heat medium can be adjusted by the flow rate control valve 35 described later, rapid cooling of the first pipe 21 can be further suppressed.
Therefore, by constituting the heat collecting section 20 with the multiple pipes 24, there is an effect that steam can be continuously generated.

With the above configuration, the heat medium flows inside the multi-pipe 24 as follows. When the heat medium enters from the heat medium inlet 2, the heat medium moves through the inner pipe portion of the first pipe 21 (to the left in the drawing), and flows through the hole 21 h of the first pipe 21.
And reaches the space between the second pipe 22 and the first pipe 21. This heat medium moves through the space between the first pipe 21 and the second pipe 22 (to the right in the drawing), passes through the flow hole 22h of the second pipe 22, and The space reaches the space between the second pipe 22. Then, this heat medium moves through the space between the second pipe 22 and the third pipe 23 (to the left in the drawing), and reaches the heat medium outlet 3. That is, the heat medium flows inside the multi-pipe 24 while being folded in the longitudinal direction of the multi-pipe 24. Therefore,
The heat medium path can be lengthened three times as compared with a single pipe. In other words, there is an effect that the device can be made compact.

By the way, pipe holders 31, 32 are attached to the ends of all the pipes 21, 22, 23 and the vacuum pipe 25 of the multiplex pipe 24.
A communication hole 31a through which a heat medium can pass is formed at the center of the pipe holder 31, and the heat medium inlet 2 and the innermost first pipe 2 of the multiplex pipe 24 are formed by the communication hole 31a.
1 is in communication. A hole 31b is formed in the upper part of the pipe holder 31, and this hole 31b communicates with the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the third pipe 23 of the multiplex pipe 24. The check valve 33 is attached and sealed. The check valve 33 is mounted so that outside air does not enter the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the third pipe 23 from outside. The other pipe holder 32 is attached to the end on the heat medium outlet 3 side, and some communication holes 32 a are formed in this pipe holder 32. All the communication holes 32 a are the The space between the second pipe 22 and the third pipe 23 communicates with the heat medium outlet 3. The ends of the vacuum pipe 25 and the third pipe 23 on the heat medium outlet 3 side are closed by the pipe holder 32.

Although not shown, all fitting portions between the first pipe 21, the second pipe 22, the third pipe 23, and the vacuum pipe 25 of the multi-pipe 24 and the pipe holders 31 and 32 are not shown. Is interposed. O
The ring is used for exercise and for high temperature and vacuum. By interposing the O-ring, a relative error in the longitudinal direction due to a difference in material between the pipes 21, 22, and 23 of the multiplex pipe 24, the vacuum pipe 25, and the pipe holders 31 and 32 can be absorbed. Can be.
This relative error is caused by a difference in linear expansion coefficient due to a difference in material. In other words, the O-ring can prevent the occurrence of thermal stress, and can prevent vacuum breakage and leakage of the heat medium. With this configuration, a vacuum device (not shown) is attached to the check valve 33, and the vacuum device is operated to suck air in the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the third pipe 23, and the vacuum pipe 25 and the third The space between the pipe 23 is kept in a low vacuum state.

A check valve 34 is attached to the heat medium inlet 2. The check valve 34 prevents the heat medium having the two-phase flow boiling from flowing back when the heat medium has the two-phase flow boiling inside the multiple pipe 24. In the case of boiling when a fluid in a pipe is caused to flow by a pump, vapor bubbles generated from the fluid often flow in the fluid mixedly, and the boiling at this time is a two-phase flow boiling. For example, in a state where the heat medium does not flow into any of the pipes 21, 22, and 23 of the multiplex pipe 24 and the multiplex pipe 24 is at a high temperature,
When the heat medium flows into the heat medium inlet 2, the heat medium undergoes two-phase flow boiling. Therefore, a check valve 34 is attached to the heat medium inlet,
The check valve 34 prevents the two-phase boiling heat medium from flowing back. Numeral 35 denotes a flow control valve for adjusting the flow rate of the heat medium.
The purpose of this is to suppress excessively quenching and to regulate the amount of steam generated.

With the above configuration, the solar heat collector 1 of the present embodiment heats the heat medium as follows. The solar heat collector 1 of this embodiment is installed on, for example, a sunny roof. During the day, if the sun is coming out, the sunlight hits the mirror 10 of the solar heat collector 1. The sun's light hits the mirror surface 11 of the mirror unit 10 and is reflected to be reflected light. The reflected light is collected by the heat collecting unit 20. That is, the light energy of sunlight concentrates on the heat collecting unit 20. on the other hand,
The heat medium passes through the heat medium inlet 2 into the heat collecting section 20.
This heat medium moves through the inner pipe portion of the first pipe 21 of the multiplex pipe 24, passes through the flow hole 21 h of the first pipe 21,
The space between the pipe 22 and the first pipe 21 is reached. Then, this heat medium moves in the space between the first pipe 21 and the second pipe 22 and passes through the flow hole 22h of the second pipe 22 to the space between the second pipe 22 and the third pipe 23. Reach. The heat medium moves in the space between the second pipe 22 and the third pipe 23 and reaches the heat medium outlet 3. In other words, the heating medium divides the inside of the multiplex pipe 24 into the multiplex pipe 2.
4 and flows back in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, while the heat medium flows inside the multiple pipe 24, the heat medium absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy. The temperature of the heat medium that has absorbed the heat energy rises. As long as the heat medium passes through the multiple pipes 24, the temperature of the heat medium keeps rising because the light energy continues to be absorbed as heat energy. When the temperature of the heating medium reaches the boiling point of the heating medium, the heating medium starts to evaporate. When the heat medium is water, the heat medium starts to evaporate at the boiling point of water under the pressure, and becomes water vapor. The evaporated heat medium is sent from the heat medium outlet 3.

In addition, the heat medium is a multiple pipe 2 of the heat collecting section 20.
4, while moving while absorbing the light energy of sunlight, no air convection occurs in the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the third pipe 23 of the multiple pipe 24, so that the heat energy of the heat medium is reduced. This has the effect of preventing divergence to the outside. As described above, since the heat medium moves only in the region where the light energy of sunlight concentrates, the light energy can be efficiently absorbed as heat energy. In addition, since the heat medium can be folded back and moved in a region near the focal point where the light energy of sunlight concentrates, an effect that the device can be made compact can be obtained.

Next, a heat utilization facility to which the solar heat collector 1 of the present embodiment is applied will be described. It is preferable to install the solar heat collector 1 on a sunny roof, for example. FIG. 6 shows a power generator 4 as an example of heat utilization equipment.
0 is shown. The power generation device 40 uses a steam turbine 41 and a generator motor 44 as heat / energy conversion devices, converts heat into rotational kinetic energy, and converts rotational kinetic energy into electric power. The power generation device 40 includes a solar heat collector 1, a steam turbine 41, a condenser 4
2 and the pump 43 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. The solar heat collector 1, the steam turbine 41, the condenser 42, and the pump 43 are configured so that a heat medium such as water circulates through a closed circuit. A check valve 34 prevents a heat medium from flowing backward from the solar heat collector 1 to the pump 43. The condenser 42 includes a cooling chamber 42a and a circulation chamber 42b. The cooling pipe 4 is provided inside the cooling chamber 42a.
2P is looped around, and the upper end of the cooling pipe 42P is connected to the steam turbine 41 via a pipe.
The lower end penetrates the bottom of the cooling chamber 42a and is disposed above the circulation chamber 42b. On the other hand, the cooling chamber 42a receives cooling water from a water supply source (not shown) from above and drains water from below. This cooling water is for absorbing the heat of the heat medium flowing inside the cooling pipe 42P and lowering the temperature of the heat medium to liquefy it. The circulation chamber 42b of the condenser 42 is for storing the heat medium liquefied in the cooling chamber 42a,
The bottom is connected to the pump 43. And the circulation chamber 4
The upper portion of the side surface of 2b is connected to a vacuum pump 47, which will be described later in detail. With this configuration, when the evaporated high-temperature heat medium flows into the cooling pipe 42P of the cooling chamber 42a of the condenser 42, the heat medium inside the cooling pipe 42P is cooled by the cooling water of the cooling chamber 42a. Cooling pipe 42
Throughout the passage of P, the heating medium continues to cool, and the heating medium liquefies. The liquefied heat medium passes through the cooling pipe 42P of the cooling chamber 42a and is stored in the circulation chamber 42b.

A reducer 45 is attached to the steam turbine 41, and is connected by a rotatable coupling. The generator motor 44 is attached to the speed reducer 45 via an electromagnetic clutch 46. A control device (not shown) is attached to the electromagnetic clutch 46, and the electromagnetic clutch 46 is opened and closed by the control device. A vacuum pump 47 and the pump 43 are attached to the generator motor 44, and are connected to each other by a rotatable coupling. The vacuum pump 47 is connected to the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the multiple pipe 24 of the solar heat collector 1 via the check valve 33.
The pipe branches between the vacuum pump 47 and the check valve 33 and is connected to the upper part of the circulation chamber 42 b of the condenser 42. In the pipe connected to the vacuum pump 47, air flows instead of the heat medium. When the vacuum pump 47 is operated, the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the multiplex pipe 24 can be brought into a low vacuum state. Generator motor 44
Can function as a motor with an external power supply,
When the power of the external power supply is cut off, it functions as a generator. A control device (not shown) is attached to the generator motor 44, and the control device switches the functions of the motor and the generator. Further, since the air in the circulation chamber 42b of the condenser 42 is sucked, the space in contact with the liquid surface of the liquefied heat medium in the circulation chamber 42b can be kept in a low vacuum state. Since the circulation chamber 42b has a low vacuum, the cooling pipe 42P and the inside of the pipe between the cooling pipe 42P and the steam turbine 41 have a low pressure. Therefore, the steam turbine 41
The steam turbine 41 can be rotated by the pressure difference and the entropy difference between the heat medium inlet and the heat medium outlet.

With such a configuration, the power generator 40 supplies power as follows. First, the electromagnetic clutch 46 is kept open, and the rotation of the generator motor 44
Not to be transmitted. The generator motor 44 is started by an external power supply and used as a motor. When the generator motor 44 starts rotating, the pump 43 and the vacuum pump 47 are activated. The former pump 43 circulates the heat medium, and the latter vacuum pump 47 brings the space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the multiple pipes 24 of the solar heat collector 1 into a low vacuum state and heats the steam turbine 41. A pressure difference is created between the medium inlet and the heat medium outlet. First, the heat medium is sent to the heat medium inlet 2 of the solar heat collector 1 by the pump 43. This heat medium absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy while passing through the solar heat collector 1. Therefore,
The temperature of the heating medium rises. When the temperature of the heating medium rises and reaches the boiling point of the heating medium, the heating medium evaporates. Since water is used as a heat medium, when the boiling point of water under the pressure is reached, the water starts to evaporate to become steam.

This steam is sent to the steam turbine 41 through the heat medium outlet 3 of the solar heat collector 1. The steam impinges on the turbine impeller of the steam turbine 41 and rotates the turbine impeller. The rotational kinetic energy of the turbine impeller causes the reduction gear 45 to rotate through the coupling.
Is rotated. The rotation speed on the output side of the speed reducer is reduced to near the maximum rotation speed of the generator motor 44,
The torque on the output side of the speed reducer 45 has a value that allows the generator motor 44, the vacuum pump 47, and the pump 43 to rotate simultaneously. Next, the electromagnetic clutch 46 is closed, and the speed reducer 45 and the generator motor 44 are connected. Then, the supply of electric power from the external power supply to the generator motor 44 is cut off. Then, the generator motor 44 stops driving and stops functioning as a motor, but keeps rotating due to the rotational kinetic energy of the speed reducer 45. Of course, since the generator motor 44 is rotating, the pump 43 and the vacuum pump 47 continue to operate. The generator motor 44 stops functioning as a motor, and starts to function as a generator instead.
Therefore, power starts to be supplied by the generator motor 44. On the other hand, since the vacuum pump 47 continues to operate,
The space between the vacuum pipe 25 and the multiplex pipe 24 of the solar heat collector 1 can be maintained in a low vacuum state.
Further, the pressure difference between the heat medium inlet and the outlet of the turbine 41 can be continuously generated.

The heat medium is supplied to the cooling chamber 42a of the condenser 42.
Of the cooling pipe 42P. The heat medium in the evaporated state is cooled by the cooling water in the cooling chamber 42a. While the heat medium moves through the cooling pipe 42P, the heat medium continues to be cooled and becomes a liquid. The heat medium that has become liquid is supplied to the circulation chamber 42.
Store in b. The heat medium in the circulation chamber 42b is sucked up by the pump 43. Then, the heat medium continues to circulate through the closed circuit of the solar heat collector 1, the steam turbine 41, and the condenser 42 again by the pump 43, so that the generator motor 44 can continuously supply power. Meanwhile, condenser 42
The cooling water is hot water because it absorbs the heat of the heat medium by heat exchange, and this hot water can be used for hot water supply. When the sunlight shines on the solar heat collector 1 and the heat medium circulates through the closed circuit, the above operation is repeatedly performed, so that the generator motor 44 can generate electric power and continue to supply electric power. In other words, there is an effect that the thermal energy stored in the solar heat collector 1 is converted into electrical energy by the power generation device 40 of the heat utilization facility of the present embodiment, and power can be continuously supplied.

FIG. 7 shows a steam heating device 50 as a second example of the heat utilization equipment. The steam heating device 50 uses a steam heater 51 as a heat / energy conversion device, and heats the room by heat radiated from the steam heater 51. This steam heating device 50
A closed circuit is formed by connecting a steam heater 51, a condenser 52, and a pump 53 to the solar heat collector 1 in a ring shape. And solar collector 1, steam heater 51, condenser 5
2. It is configured such that a heat medium such as water circulates through a closed circuit of the pump 53. A check valve 34 prevents a heat medium from flowing backward from the solar heat collector 1 to the pump 53. The condenser 52 and the pump 53 are connected to the power generator 40.
Since they are substantially the same as the condenser 42 and the pump 43, detailed description is omitted, but the same effects are obtained. It is preferable to install the solar heat collector 1 on a place where sunlight is often applied, for example, on a roof.
Of course, the steam heater 51 is installed indoors.

With such a configuration, the steam heating device 50
Warms the room as follows. First, when the pump 53 is operated, the heat medium is sent to the heat medium inlet 2 of the solar heat collector 1 by the pump 53. This heat medium absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy while passing through the solar heat collector 1. Therefore, the temperature of the heating medium rises. When the temperature of the heating medium rises and reaches the boiling point of the heating medium, the heating medium evaporates. Since water is used as a heat medium, when the boiling point of water under the pressure is reached, the water starts to evaporate to become steam. The evaporated heat medium is sent to the indoor steam heater 51 through the heat medium outlet 3 of the solar heat collector 1. While passing through the inside of the steam heater 51, the heat energy of the heat medium diverges to heat the room. The heat medium that has lost the heat energy for warming the room returns to the condenser 52, is liquefied by the condenser 52, and is sent to the pump 53 again. On the other hand, since the cooling water of the condenser 52 absorbs the heat of the heat medium by heat exchange, it is hot water, and this hot water can be used for hot water supply.
When the sunlight hits the solar heat collector 1 and the heat medium is circulated by the pump 53 to the steam heater 51, the condenser 52, and the closed circuit of the pump 53, the above operation is repeatedly performed. The steam heating device 50 of the heat utilization equipment of the present embodiment has an effect that the room can be warmed. When the heat medium circulating in the closed circuit is sent to the pump 53 and the heat medium loses heat energy and is liquefied, the condenser 52 need not be provided.

FIG. 8 shows a floor heating device 60 as a third example of heat utilization equipment. The floor heating device 60 uses an underfloor pipe 61 as a heat / energy conversion device, and heats the floor with heat radiated from the underfloor pipe 61. In the floor heating device 60, an underfloor pipe 61, a condenser 62, and a pump 63 are connected to the solar heat collector 1 in a ring shape to form a closed circuit. Then, the heat collector such as water circulates through a closed circuit of the solar heat collector 1, the underfloor piping 61, the condenser 62, and the pump 63. 34 is a check valve,
This is to prevent the heat medium from flowing back from the solar heat collector 1 to the pump 63. The condenser 62 and the pump 63 are substantially the same as the condenser 52 and the pump 53 of the steam heating device 50, respectively, and therefore, detailed descriptions are omitted, but the same effects are obtained. Solar collector 1
Is preferably installed in a place where sunlight is well exposed, for example, on a roof. Then, the underfloor piping 61 is arranged under the floor of a desired room to be heated.

With such a configuration, the floor heating device 60 warms under the floor as follows. First, when the pump 63 is operated, the heat medium is sent to the heat medium inlet 2 of the solar heat collector 1 by the pump 63. This heat medium absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy while passing through the solar heat collector 1. Therefore, the temperature of the heating medium rises. When the temperature of the heating medium rises and reaches the boiling point of the heating medium, the heating medium starts to evaporate. Since water is used as a heat medium, when the boiling point of water under the pressure is reached, the water starts to evaporate to become steam. Well, this evaporated heat medium is
Through the heat medium outlet 3 of the solar collector 1, the indoor underfloor pipe 6
Sent to 1. While the heat medium passes through the inside of the underfloor pipe 61, the heat energy of the heat medium radiates and heats the underfloor. The heat medium that has lost the heat energy corresponding to the temperature under the floor is supplied to the condenser 6
2 and is liquefied by the condenser 62 and sent to the pump 63 again. On the other hand, since the cooling water of the condenser 62 absorbs the heat of the heat medium by heat exchange, it is hot water, and this hot water can be used for hot water supply. When the sunlight shines on the solar heat collector 1 and the pump 63 circulates the heat medium through the underfloor piping 61, the condenser 62, and the closed circuit of the pump 63, the above operation is repeatedly performed. By using the floor heating device 60 of the heat utilization facility, it is possible to warm the underfloor. When the heat medium circulating in the closed circuit is sent to the pump 63,
If the heat medium loses heat energy and is liquefied, the condenser 62
May not be provided.

FIG. 9 shows a water heater 70 as a fourth example of the heat utilization equipment. The hot water supply device 70 uses a heat exchanger 71 as a heat-energy conversion device, and heats water into hot water by the heat exchanger 71. The hot water supply device 70 includes a heat exchanger 71, a condenser 7
2 and the pump 73 are connected in a ring to form a closed circuit. And the solar heat collector 1, the heat exchanger 71, the condenser 7
2. It is configured such that a heat medium such as water circulates through a closed circuit of the pump 73. A check valve 34 prevents a heat medium from flowing backward from the solar heat collector 1 to the pump 73. The condenser 72 and the pump 73 are connected to the floor heating device 6.
Since they are substantially the same as the condenser 62 and the pump 63, respectively, the detailed description is omitted, but the same effects are obtained. The heat exchanger 71 is configured such that a heat pipe 71P is wrapped around a water storage tank 71B for storing water or hot water. The heat pipe 71P is one element constituting the closed circuit, and the heat medium flows through the inner pipe portion. And
A water receiving pipe 75 for pouring water from a water supply source (not shown) into the water storage tank 71B is connected to an upper portion of the water storage tank 71B. 76 is a water tap. A hot water supply pipe 77 is connected to a lower portion of the water storage tank 71B, and a cock 74 is attached to a tip of the hot water supply pipe 77 so as to be freely opened and closed. Therefore, water from a water source (not shown) can reach the cock 74 through the water receiving pipe 75 of the heat exchanger 71, the water storage tank 71B, and the hot water supply pipe 77. Of course, this cock 7
4 is installed in places where hot water is needed, such as baths and kitchens.

With such a configuration, the hot water supply device 70 can be operated as described below to boil water and supply hot water. First, when the pump 73 is operated, the heat medium is sent to the heat medium inlet 2 of the solar heat collector 1 by the pump 73.
This heat medium absorbs the light energy of sunlight as heat energy while passing through the solar heat collector 1. Therefore, the temperature of the heating medium rises. When the temperature of the heating medium rises and reaches the boiling point of the heating medium, the heating medium starts to evaporate. Since water is used as a heat medium, when the boiling point of water under the pressure is reached, the water starts to evaporate to become steam. The evaporated heat medium passes through the heat medium outlet 3 of the solar heat collector 1 and is sent to the heat pipe 71P of the heat exchanger 71. While the heat medium passes through the heat pipe 71P of the heat exchanger 71,
The heat energy of the heat medium dissipates via the heat pipe 71P. On the other hand, the water stored in the water storage tank 71B of the heat exchanger 71 absorbs the heat energy corresponding to the loss of the heat medium, so that the temperature keeps rising all the time the heat medium passes through the heat pipe 71P. It becomes boiling water. Therefore, when the cock 74 is opened, the hot water can be discharged from the bath or the kitchen.
The heat medium that has lost the heat energy returns to the condenser 72, is liquefied by the condenser 72, and is sent to the pump 73 again. The sunlight hits the solar heat collector 1 and the heat medium is pumped by the pump 73 into the heat pipe 71 </ b> P of the heat exchanger 71,
2. When circulating in the closed circuit of the pump 73, the water in the water storage tank 71B is always supplied to the heat pipe 71P of the heat exchanger 71.
Absorbs the heat energy of the heat medium passing through. Therefore, the hot water supply device 70 of the heat utilization facility of the present embodiment has an effect that hot water can be supplied from the cock 74 without interruption.

As described above, if the solar heat collector of the present invention is applied, as a heat utilization facility, a power generation device, a steam heating device,
A floor heating device and a hot water supply device can be configured. The heat utilization equipment is capable of efficiently converting heat energy into various kinds of energy and utilizing the energy. The heat utilization equipment includes not only a power generation device, a steam heating device, a floor heating device, and a hot water supply device, but also various types of equipment that can utilize the heat energy stored by the solar heat collector of the present invention. Can be adopted.

[0030]

The solar collector according to the first aspect has the following effects.
It works. A large amount of sunlight reflected by the mirror surface can be collected in the heat collecting section, and the light energy of the sunlight can be efficiently converted to heat energy by the multiple pipes . Even if the heat medium moves through the multiple pipes of the heat collection unit while absorbing the light energy of sunlight, no air convection occurs in the space between the vacuum pipe and the multiple pipes, so the heat energy of the heat medium Can be prevented from escaping to the outside. Since the mirror body is made of thin steel plate,
But it is easy to manufacture, cheap, and lightweight,
The place of use is not restricted. The inlet of the heating medium is at one end of the multiple pipe, and the outlet is at the other end.
The layout is divided at both ends. This
Therefore, the loss of momentum of the heat medium is small,
The medium can be removed. When the heat medium boils in a two-phase flow inside the multi-pipe,
Phase boiling heat medium can be prevented from that flow back, effectively operating
it can. According to the heat utilization equipment of claim 2 , the heat energy obtained by the solar heat collector can be efficiently converted into various kinds of energy and used for various kinds of equipment such as power generation, heating, and hot water supply. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view related to a solar heat collector 1 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view related to the solar heat collector 1 of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the mirror body 10. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a metal fitting 16;

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the heat collecting unit 20.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a power generation device 40 using the solar heat collector 1.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an indoor heating device 50 using the solar heat collector 1.

8 is a schematic perspective view of a floor heating device 60 using the solar heat collector 1. FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a hot water supply device 70 using the solar heat collector 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar heat collector 2 Heat medium inlet 3 Heat medium outlet 10 Mirror part 11 Mirror surface 20 Heat collecting part 21h Flow hole 22h Flow hole 24 Multiple pipes 25 Vacuum pipe 40 Power generation device 50 Steam heating device 60 Floor heating device 70 Hot water supply device

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. The surface of a thin steel plate is polished to a mirror surface,
The thin steel plate is curved in a parabolic shape with the mirror surface inside.
A mirror body holding the curved shape with a frame, and a heat collector disposed at a position where the mirror receives sunlight and is a focal point for concentrating the reflected light. , A first pipe and a
From two pipes and a third pipe concentrically surrounding the outer circumference
One end of the first pipe is connected to the heat transfer medium.
The other end of the first pipe and the other end of the second pipe
A flow hole is formed between one end of the second pipe and the third pipe.
A flow hole is formed between one end and the other end of the third pipe is heated
It communicates with the mouth, and the outer circumference of the multiple pipe is transparent and reinforced
Surrounded by glass vacuum pipes, multiple pipes and vacuum pie
The space between the pumps is evacuated to a low vacuum.
Is to prevent the two-phase flow boiling heat medium from flowing back from multiple pipes.
A solar collector, wherein a non- return valve for prevention is mounted . 2. The solar heat collector according to claim 1, comprising : a heat / energy conversion device connected to the solar heat collector; wherein the heat / energy conversion device and the solar heat collector are connected to each other. Heat utilization equipment characterized in that the heat medium circulates through a closed circuit including the heat medium.