WO2012055160A1

WO2012055160A1 - Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method

Info

Publication number: WO2012055160A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/001751
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张先锋
Original assignee: Zhang Xianfeng
Priority date: 2010-10-24
Filing date: 2011-10-21
Publication date: 2012-05-03
Also published as: CN103261810A; CN102455062A

Abstract

A light-locking solar thermal collector and a light-locking solar thermal collecting method. The light-locking solar thermal collector comprises a mechanical tracking system, a concave mirror (3) and a heat absorbing device (5). The heat absorbing device (5) comprises a light locking device (51). The light locking device (51) is of a hollow structure and made of a heat absorbing material, and has an inner wall arranged with several light locking holes (511) on its surface. The light locking device (51) has an outer wall arranged with an incident light hole (512) through which sunlight reflected by the concave mirror (3) enters an empty cavity therein. The efficiency of photothermal conversion can be increased by using the light-locking solar thermal collector and the light-locking solar thermal collecting method.

Description

Description: Lock light solar collector and lock light solar collector method

The present invention relates to a light-locking solar collector using multiple reflection heat absorption after concentrating with a concave mirror and a heat collecting method using the same. Background technique

The existing solar collector is a device that utilizes solar energy by reflecting a concave mirror and focusing the sunlight to realize the conversion of solar thermal energy, thereby driving the concave mirror by a mechanical tracking device that rotates with the movement of the sun. In order to make the sunlight directly illuminate the concave mirror, the concave mirror focuses the sunlight on the focal point or the focal line of the concave mirror. At the focus and focal line of the concave mirror, the heat absorption of the high temperature resistant black composite light absorbing material is placed inside. The tube absorbs solar energy with a black light absorbing material to convert solar energy into heat and collect solar energy in thermal energy. However, the existing solar collectors have some defects. On a cloudless sunny day, the solar light energy density is extremely high. The sun spot of the focus of the existing solar collector's concave mirror can make the light absorbing material extremely high in an instant. The high temperature, while the cloud energy is greatly reduced due to the solar energy density, the temperature of the sun spot at the focus is extremely low, so that the high temperature performance of the material used to absorb the solar energy at the focus point and the adaptation to high and low temperature repeated changes Sex has very high requirements. The existing black light absorbing composite materials are extremely expensive, have insufficient high temperature resistance, have insufficient adaptability to repeated changes of high and low temperature, have very limited life, and are extremely expensive. The high temperature heat absorbing device has a difficult production process and a complicated process. In existing solar collectors, the way in which solar energy is absorbed is only one suction through the heat absorbing tube.

Confirmation However, since the solar light energy density focused by the concave mirror is large, the heat absorbing tube cannot be completely absorbed, and the remaining energy flow is reflected, so the heat collecting efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a light lock type solar collector, the heat absorbing device adopting a sun with high temperature resistance, high adaptability to high and low temperature repeated changes, long service life and low cost. Made of light energy absorbing material, the production process is simple, the production, installation and maintenance costs are extremely low, the life is extremely long, and it is easy to maintain. At the same time, the invention also provides a light-locking solar heat collecting method, which allows the sunlight to be repeatedly reflected and absorbed in the heat absorbing device, thereby greatly improving the light-to-heat conversion efficiency, and the light energy and heat energy conversion efficiency of the whole device can reach 60. %-80%, very practical.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a lock-up type solar collector, comprising a mechanical tracking system, a concave mirror and a heat absorbing device, wherein: the heat absorbing device comprises a light locker, and the light locker is hollow The structure is made of heat absorbing material, and the inner wall surface is provided with a plurality of light locking holes, and the outer wall of the light locker is provided with a light hole for the sunlight reflected by the concave mirror to enter the inner cavity thereof.

Preferably, a heat exchange device is disposed outside the light locker, the heat exchange device includes a heat pipe wound around the outer wall of the light locker, and the heat pipe is connected to the heat storage device through the heat insulating medium pipe; the temperature sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the light locker The temperature sensor is connected to the automatic control unit.

Preferably, the thermal lock device is provided with a thermal insulation device, and the thermal insulation device is a multi-layer composite structure, which is wrapped around the optical locker and the heat pipe, and is internally insulated from the inside to the outside. Insulation layer, inner heat insulation cavity, inner reflection layer, outer heat insulation layer, outer heat insulation cavity, outer reflection layer, outer casing and outer casing insulation layer, wherein the inner heat insulation cavity is supported by the inner heat insulation layer through the support structure and a cavity formed by connecting the inner reflection layer, the outer heat insulation cavity is formed by the outer heat insulation layer being connected with the outer reflection layer through the support structure a cavity; an opening is provided at a position corresponding to the light-emitting hole on the heat insulating device.

Preferably, a lens is disposed at a position corresponding to the light-emitting aperture on the heat absorbing device, and the lens may be a concave lens, a planar lens, a curved lens or a convex lens; and the heat absorbing device as a whole has a sealing structure.

Preferably, a mirror for reflecting the sunlight incident on the wall of the light-emitting aperture and the opening edge of the heat-insulating device into the cavity of the light locker is provided in the vicinity of the wall of the light-emitting aperture.

Preferably, the wall of the light-emitting aperture and the corresponding edge of the opening of the thermal insulation device are provided with a heat insulating layer. Preferably, the light locker is made of ductile iron or steel.

Preferably, the light locker is spherical, the concave mirror is a dish concave mirror, the light exit hole is a circular hole, and the focus of the concave mirror is located in the light exit hole.

Preferably, the light locker is tubular, the concave mirror is a trough concave mirror, the light exit hole is a strip hole, and the focal line of the concave mirror is located in the light exit hole.

A lock-up solar collector method, the specific steps include:

Step A: installing a lock-up solar collector, the lock-light solar collector includes a mechanical tracking system, a concave mirror and a heat absorbing device, the heat absorbing device includes a light locker, and the heat locker is provided with heat The switching device is a hollow structure, is made of a heat absorbing material, and has a plurality of light locking holes on the inner wall surface thereof, and the outer wall of the light locker is provided with a light emitting hole for the sunlight reflected by the concave mirror to enter the inner cavity thereof; Adjusting the distance between the concave mirror and the heat absorbing device and adjusting the position of the heat absorbing device relative to the concave mirror so that the focus of the concave mirror is just located in the light emitting hole of the heat absorbing device;

Step B: The mechanical tracking system drives the concave mirror and the heat absorbing device to rotate, so that the concave mirror is always facing the sun from the sunrise to the sunset, so that the concave mirror axis is in the sunshine, and the sun rays are reflected every moment and every moment. Parallel, to ensure that the sunlight always illuminates vertically onto the concave mirror; the sunlight that is incident on the concave mirror is reflected and focused by the concave mirror, and then enters the light locker in the heat absorbing device through the light-emitting hole, and enters the lock through the light-emitting hole. Inside the light The light, except for a small amount of light that is reflected again into the lock aperture, will not be reflected again to the outside of the light locker, but will be continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the inner wall of the locker. Once reflected, its energy is absorbed a part, the light energy is gradually weakened, until the light energy is finally absorbed by the light locker, and finally disappears; most of the light incident into the lock hole can not be reflected again to the lock Outside the aperture, the light is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed through the inner wall of the aperture.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the light locker in the heat absorbing device of the invention is black cast iron, black carbon fiber, etc., which is very common, very cheap, high temperature resistant, highly adaptable to high and low temperature repeated changes, and excellent in thermal conductivity. The material with extremely long service life can adapt to severe temperature changes without damage, and the heat absorption device is small in size, which is convenient for the design of thermal insulation device. The heat absorbing device using such an endothermic material and a light energy absorbing method has a simple production process, extremely low production, installation, and maintenance cost, and has an extremely long life and is easy to maintain. In this way, the weakness of the conventional composite heat absorbing material, such as insufficient high temperature resistance, low adaptability to high and low temperature repeated changes, short life, and high price, can be solved, and the production, installation, and maintenance cost of the heat absorbing device can be greatly reduced.

The heat absorption method of the invention is multiple absorption, and the sunlight that is irradiated onto the concave mirror is reflected and focused by the concave mirror, and then enters the light locker in the heat absorption device through the light-emitting hole, and enters the light locker through the light-emitting hole. The light, except for a small amount of light that is reflected again into the lock aperture, will not be reflected again to the outside of the light locker, but will be continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the inner wall of the locker. Once reflected, its energy is absorbed a part, the light energy is gradually weakened, until the light energy is finally absorbed by the light locker, and finally disappears; most of the light incident into the lock hole can not be reflected again to the lock Outside the aperture, the light is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the inner wall of the aperture, so that the light energy and thermal energy conversion efficiency of the heat absorbing device of the present invention can reach 60%-80%, and the light energy and heat of the whole device The conversion efficiency is extremely high.

The heat exchange device of the present invention can produce high when the heat exchange medium material in the heat pipe is made of water. Warm water steam is widely used in domestic heating and industrial heating at a lower cost. When the heat collector of the present invention is used as a heating and heating device, the light-to-heat conversion efficiency is 60%-80%, and the conversion efficiency is extremely high. The collector of the present invention can also be used as a heat source for a solar cooker for cooking food. For example, a medium material that exchanges heat energy with a heat absorbing device uses a material such as heavy oil having high heat storage capacity, high temperature resistance, and high boiling point, and heats a medium such as heavy oil or metal sodium flowing through the heat pipe through the heat absorbing device of the present invention. Above 700 degrees, use high-temperature vacuum pipes to transfer medium such as high-temperature heavy oil to the indoor cooktop, and heat the pot with high-temperature heavy oil and liquid metal sodium to cook food. Thus, the present invention can be used as a heat source for a solar cooktop. When the invention is used as a solar cooker heat source, the light-to-heat conversion efficiency is 60%-80%, and the conversion efficiency is extremely high.

The present invention can also be combined with a steam turbine, a Stirling generator, etc., to perform solar thermal power generation at a lower cost. At the same time, solar energy storage and heat generation can be carried out by using heat exchange medium materials with high heat storage capacity, high temperature resistance and high boiling point, combined with vacuum insulation technology and high heat storage materials. For example, the solar energy density per square meter is calculated according to 1.2 KW. The photothermal conversion efficiency of the whole device is estimated at 75%. The thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the power generation system is calculated at 35%. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the whole system can reach 26%, and the conversion efficiency is high. , low power generation cost, very practical. DRAWINGS

1 is a view showing the overall configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat sink according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of a ball locker according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a casing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural view of a bolt type pressure plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a view showing the overall structure of a second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a heat absorbing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural view of a heat pipe according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a structural view showing the assembly of the heat pipe and the light locker according to the embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic structural view of a casing according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

- Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the outer casing of the second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of a tubular locker according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description

As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, a light lock type solar heat collector includes a mechanical tracking system, a concave mirror 3 and a heat absorbing device 5, and the mechanical tracking system is The mechanical tracking system used in the solar collector is connected with the solar tracker and the automatic control device respectively, and can automatically adjust the position of the concave mirror 3 and the heat absorbing device 5 according to the change of sunlight, and the tracking motor of the east-west direction tracking motor 2 1. The tracking bracket, the rotating bracket and the vertical rotating shaft are arranged. The concave mirror 3 is fixedly mounted on the vertical rotating shaft. The axis line of the concave mirror 3 is perpendicular to the vertical rotating shaft, and the concave mirror 3 faces the vertical rotating shaft. The heat absorbing device 5 is connected to the focus of the concave mirror 3 through the support frame 4. The heat absorbing device 5 includes a light locker 51. The light locker 51 is provided with a heat exchange device. The light locker 51 has a hollow structure and is made of an opaque heat absorbing material, such as ductile iron or steel. In order to enhance the heat absorbing effect of the light locker 51, it is preferable to use black ductile iron or a surface oxide film to make black steel. The inner wall surface of the optical locker 51 is provided with a plurality of lock light holes 511, and the lock light holes 511 are distributed in a honeycomb shape on the inner wall of the light locker 51. The outer wall of the light locker 51 is provided with a light-emitting hole 512 for the sunlight reflected by the concave mirror 3 to enter the inner cavity thereof. In this embodiment, the light locker 51 is spherical and made of black ductile iron. Concave mirror 3 is a dish concave The light-emitting hole 512 is a circular hole. Of course, the light-emitting hole 512 may have other shapes such as an ellipse or a rectangle. The area of the light-emitting aperture 512 is slightly larger than the area of the focus of the dish-shaped concave mirror, and the focus of the dish-shaped concave mirror is located just inside the light-emitting aperture 512. Of course, the focus of the dish concave mirror can also be located in the cavity of the light locker 51, or located outside the light-emitting aperture 512 but close to the light-emitting aperture 512, as long as the sunlight can be largely reflected by the dish-shaped concave mirror. It is sufficient to enter the light locker 51 through the light-emitting aperture 512. The position of the heat absorbing device relative to the concave mirror 3 and the position of the light projecting hole 512 with respect to the concave mirror 3 can be adjusted by the support frame 4. In the present embodiment, preferably, the concave mirror 3 has a diameter of 2 m, is formed by molding a 0.5 mm thick aluminum plate, and is provided with a reinforcing rib for enhancing the strength of the overall structure. The inner surface of the concave mirror 3 is smooth and smooth, and can effectively reflect sunlight. . The size of the light locker 51, the light lock aperture 511 and the light-emitting aperture 512 is designed according to the amount of heat absorbed. In the present embodiment, preferably, the light locker 51 is cast and welded by black ductile iron, and the diameter is 500. The thinnest part of the inner wall is about 2-3 thick, the diameter of the lock light hole 511 is 60-80 legs, the depth of the lock light hole 511 is 60, and the diameter of the light-emitting hole 512 is 100 legs. Of course, the light locker 51, the light lock hole 511 and the light-emitting hole 512 can also be made into other sizes, and the size of the concave mirror 3 and the support frame 4 can be adjusted accordingly. The light locker 51 can also be made of ordinary steel or ordinary cast iron.

Since the inner wall of the light locker 51 is made of a material having strong light absorbing ability and blackness and opacity, the light locker 51 has only a small small hole, that is, the light exit hole 512 allows light to pass through, and the area of the light exit hole 512. The ratio of the total surface area of the inner wall of the optical locker 51 is extremely small, and the inner wall of the optical locker 51 is completely different in the direction of reflection of the different incident angle rays, and the light that enters the light locker 51 through the light-emitting aperture 512 is removed. Except for a small amount of light reflected into the light-locking aperture 511 again, most of the light is not reflected again to the outside of the light locker 51, but is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the black inner wall of the light locker 51. Each time it is reflected, its energy is absorbed a part, and the light energy is gradually weakened until the light energy is finally absorbed by the light locker 51 and finally disappears. Since a large number of light-locking holes 511 on the inner wall of the light locker 51 are concave, most of the light incident on the light-locking hole 511 cannot be reflected again to the outside of the light-locking hole 511, but only in the light-locking hole 511. The inner wall reflects, through the black inner wall of the lock light hole 511, the light is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed, thereby further improving the light energy absorption efficiency.

The heat exchange device includes a heat pipe 52 wound around the outer wall of the light locker. The heat pipe 52 is a pipe for flowing a liquid medium such as water for heat exchange with the light locker 51. The gap between the heat pipe 52 is filled with high temperature resistance. Heat storage medium materials with good thermal conductivity and high heat storage capacity, such as: high temperature resistant silica gel, iron filings, etc. In order to quickly transfer the heat of the light locker 51 to the heat pipe 52, and at the same time act as a storage body for collecting the solar energy amount by the light locker 51, the heat storage capacity of the heat absorbing device is improved. In the present embodiment, preferably, the heat transfer pipe 52 is a 12 mm stainless steel pipe, and the heat exchange medium flows in from one end of the stainless steel pipe and flows out through the other end. The heat exchange medium may be water, sodium metal, heavy oil or the like. In this embodiment, water is used as the heat exchange medium. The heat pipe 52 is connected to the heat storage device through the heat insulating medium pipe 6; the heat insulating medium pipe 6 is made of a material with poor thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, and the heat insulating medium pipe 6 is sealed and connected with the heat pipe 52 for heat supply. The exchange medium flows into and out of the interior of the heat absorbing device through the pipeline, and the heat insulating medium pipe 6 is connected to the heat absorbing device in a closed connection, so that the heat absorbing device forms a vacuum body, thus minimizing the heat of the light locker 51 through the heat pipe 52 and The surface of the heat insulating medium pipe 6 is conducted to the outside of the heat absorbing device, causing unnecessary waste without being damaged by the high temperature of the light locker 51.

Of course, according to different use requirements, the heat pipe 52 can also be connected to the high temperature resistant vacuum pipe. The heat exchange medium is made of heavy oil, liquid metal sodium, etc., through the high temperature resistant vacuum pipe, the high temperature heavy oil that absorbs the heat energy of the light locker 51, etc. The medium is transferred to the indoor cooktop, and the heat is heated by high-temperature heavy oil and liquid metal sodium to cook the food. The invention can also be combined with a steam turbine, a Stirling generator, etc. to perform solar thermal power generation at a lower cost. At the same time, it can also use heat storage capacity, high temperature resistance, high boiling point and other heat Exchange of dielectric materials, combined with vacuum insulation technology, high thermal storage materials, etc., to carry out solar thermal power generation. The outer wall of the optical locker 51 is provided with a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is two pairs of thermocouples for detecting the temperature of the light locker 51. The thermocouple connection wire is bonded to the heat pipe 52 and then led out to the outside of the heat absorbing device. For connection to automatic control devices. The automatic control device detects the temperature of the light locker 51 by using a temperature sensor embedded in the heat absorption device, and controls the switch of the water flowing into the valve according to the detected temperature, and controls the amount of water flowing in a unit time, so as to be in unit time. Steam with different yields and temperatures is produced inside. The water vapor generated by the apparatus of this embodiment can be used for domestic heating, industrial heating, and power generation.

The light locker 51 absorbs the solar light energy, and after the temperature reaches the required value, the electromagnetic valve for controlling the injection of the medium such as cold water is opened by the automatic control device, and the cold water or the like flows through the heat transfer pipe 52, and exchanges energy with the light locker 51. It is gradually heated until the required temperature is reached. After the temperature of the optical locker 51 is lowered to the predetermined temperature, the electromagnetic valve injected into the cold water or the like is closed by the automatic control device, so that the temperature after the sunlight is absorbed by the optical locker 51 reaches the predetermined temperature range again. According to the temperature of the light locker 51, the automatic control device is used to control the flow rate of cold water or the like per unit time, and the medium capacity heated by the predetermined temperature in a unit time can be controlled. Thus, the thermal energy exchange between the light locker 51 and the outside is achieved.

The thermal lock device 51 and the heat transfer tube 52 are provided with a thermal insulation device. The thermal insulation device is a multi-layer composite structure, which is wrapped around the optical locker 51 and the heat transfer tube 52, and is internally separated from the inside to the outside. Thermal insulation layer 53, inner thermal insulation chamber 55, inner reflection layer 56, outer thermal insulation layer 57, outer thermal insulation chamber 58, outer reflection layer, outer casing 59 and outer casing insulation layer, said inner thermal insulation layer 53 and outer The heat insulating layer 57 is a flexible material such as asbestos or a high temperature resistant cloth. In the present embodiment, aluminum silicate ceramic glass fiber cotton is preferably used. The surface of the inner heat insulating layer 53 and the outer heat insulating layer 57 are respectively provided with a shaped net 54 for fixing the shape of the inner heat insulating layer 53 and the outer heat insulating layer 57, thereby facilitating the formation of the cavity through the supporting knot. The inner heat insulating layer 53 and the outer heat insulating layer 57 can prevent the heat inside the heat absorbing device from being radiated outward, and the heat insulation is maintained. The temperature effect can also protect the external heat from damaging the heat sink.

The inner reflection layer 56 is made of an aluminum plate having a smooth surface, and the outer reflection layer is formed by coating a reflective material on the inner wall of the outer casing 59. In the present embodiment, it is formed by silver plating on the inner wall of the outer casing 59. The inner reflective layer 56 and the outer reflective layer function to reflect the heat radiated from the inner thermal insulation layer 53 and the outer thermal insulation layer 57 to reduce the heat loss of the heat absorbing device.

The outer casing 59 functions to support the overall weight of the heat absorbing device, and fixes the lens 591 and the mirror 592. And can withstand the pressure of vacuuming. In the present embodiment, the outer casing 59 is made of a 5 mm thick glass by heating, bending and welding. The outer casing insulation layer is formed by wrapping asbestos or a high temperature resistant cloth outside the outer casing 59.

The inner heat insulating cavity 55 is a cavity formed by the inner heat insulating layer 53 connected to the inner reflective layer 56 through a supporting structure, and the outer heat insulating cavity 58 is supported by the outer heat insulating layer 57 through the support structure and the outer layer. a cavity formed by connecting the reflective layer; the support structure may be a cage provided with a protrusion on the surface, or a part of the inner thermal insulation layer 53 and the outer thermal insulation layer 57 may be provided with a heat insulating material such as a ceramic sheet. In the embodiment, the heat insulating joint is formed by using a cage to separate the heat insulating layer and the reflective layer to form a heat insulating cavity, and the heat insulating cavity serves to reduce the heat insulating layer and the reflective layer. The contact area is used to reduce the heat transfer area to minimize the loss of heat energy generated by contact conduction.

An opening is provided in the thermal insulation device at a position corresponding to the light-emitting hole 512. The light-emitting aperture 512-hole wall and the corresponding heat-insulating device opening edge surface are provided with a heat insulating layer 593. The heat insulating layer 593 is also made of a flexible heat insulating material such as asbestos or a high temperature resistant cloth. In the present embodiment, it is preferably made of aluminum silicate ceramic glass fiber cotton.

A lens 591 is disposed at a position corresponding to the light-emitting hole 512 on the heat absorbing device. The lens 591 can be a concave lens, a flat lens, a curved lens or a convex lens. The lens 591 is made of glass with high temperature resistance and high light transmittance. to make. When a convex lens or a concave lens is selected, the horizontal distance between the lens 591 and the center of the concave mirror 3 is smaller than the focal length of the concave mirror 3; it is convenient for the concave mirror 3 to focus on the sun light again. At the time of installation, by adjusting the distance between the concave mirror 3 and the lens 591, the size of the spot formed on the surface of the lens 591 after the solar light is reflected by the concave mirror 3 is adjusted. By adjusting the distance between the lens 591 and the light-emitting aperture 512, the size of the spot on the inner wall of the light locker 51 after the solar light passes through the light-emitting aperture 512 is adjusted.

The flat lens and the curved lens do not have a focusing effect, but only for the purpose of allowing the heat sink to form a vacuum. The convex lens can focus the light reflected by the concave mirror 3 again. After the sun light is again focused by the convex lens, the spot area at the light exit hole 512 is smaller than the area of the light exit hole 512 to facilitate the sunlight entering the light locker 51 through the light exit hole 512. The cross-sectional area of the light-emitting aperture 512 on the light locker 51 is reduced to reduce the incident light and then reflected through the light-emitting aperture 512 to improve the solar energy collection efficiency. At the same time, since the convex lens has a certain absorption effect on the light energy, the temperature rises after the heat absorption, so that the spot area irradiated onto the concave mirror 3 can be enlarged, so as to reduce the solar energy absorbed by the convex lens unit area, and at the same time, the convex lens heat dissipation is facilitated. To reduce the high temperature requirements for the convex lens material.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable to use a concave lens having a diameter of 250 mm, and the concave lens is parallel to the end surface of the light-emitting hole 512. The advantage of the concave lens is that the light (the large spot) after the concave mirror 3 is focused becomes a smaller spot, and the light is more shifted into the light locker 51. The smaller the spot, the better the heat collection. At the same time, this allows the sun's rays to reflect the concentrated focus position through the concave mirror 3, which has a certain range of errors, and at the same time reduces the accuracy requirements of the sun tracking system.

In the completely cloudless sunny day, due to the great energy density of the sun light, the instantaneous temperature of the sunlight spot projected onto the inner wall of the light locker 51 after focusing is extremely high, and the temperature is low when there is a cloud layer. The size of the spot of the focused solar light projected onto the inner wall of the light locker 51 is proportional to the local high temperature that is instantaneously formed on the inner wall of the light locker 51. As long as the size of the spot of the sun light projected onto the inner wall of the light locker 51 is controlled, It is possible to control the local high temperature which is instantaneously formed on the inner wall of the light locker 51 when the focus is completely cloudless, and the heat absorbing material such as spheroidal graphite cast iron of the light locker 51 can withstand extremely high temperatures, and repeat high and low temperature. The adaptability is extremely strong, and the heat conduction performance is excellent. SP: The light locker 51 is not damaged by the instantaneous local high temperature, and is not damaged by repeated alternating changes in the temperature of the spot. At the same time, the temperature of the light locker 51 can be controlled to a certain range in combination with the amount of medium such as cold water for energy exchange which is injected per unit time.

The heat absorbing device as a whole has a sealed structure. The internal air of the heat absorbing device can be extracted to form a vacuum, which reduces the heat energy loss caused by the heat transfer of the heat absorbing device.

A light reflecting mirror 592 is provided in the vicinity of the wall of the 512 hole to reflect the sunlight that hits the hole of the light-emitting hole 512 and the opening edge of the heat insulating device into the cavity of the light locker 51. In this embodiment, a mirror 592 is disposed symmetrically, and the mirror 592 is disposed away from the hole wall of the light-emitting hole 512, and the mirror 592 is symmetric with each other. The sunlight reflected by the concave mirror 3 and the concave lens are diverged. In addition to the incident light hole 512, a part of the sunlight will be incident on the hole wall of the light-emitting hole 512 and the opening edge of the heat-insulating device. When the sunlight passes through the lens 591 and is directed to the hole of the light-emitting hole 512 and the opening edge of the heat-insulating device, The light passes through the reflection of the mirror 592, and is reflected by the mirror 592 which is symmetrical with each other, and then enters the inner wall of the light locker 51 through the light-emitting hole 512, so that more light enters the cavity of the light locker 51. , improve the efficiency of photothermal conversion. Both the concave lens 3 and the mirror 592 are coupled to the heat sink casing 59 via a bolt type pressure plate. The bolt platen and outer casing 59 are fully welded. The bolt type pressure plate is provided with a sealing plate, and the bolt type pressure plate and the sealing plate are connected by bolts, and a cushion is added in the middle, and is sealed with a high temperature resistant sealing glue.

The working principle of the invention is that after the installation of the invention is completed, the position of the sun is detected and the position signal of the sun is provided to the automatic control device by an ordinary sun tracker, and the motor rotation motion of the mechanical tracking system is controlled by the automatic control device to control the same. Rotating the bracket and rotating the vertical axis to adjust the concave mirror 3 The direction. Make the concave mirror 3 from sunrise to sunset, always facing the sun, to adapt to the changes in the angle between the earth's surface and the sun's rays per day due to the Earth's rotation. The concave mirror 3 axis line is parallel to the sun's rays every time and every day when there is sunshine, so as to ensure that the sunlight always shines vertically on the concave mirror.

The sunlight that has been incident on the concave mirror 3 is reflected and focused by the concave mirror 3, passes through the lens 591, passes through the light-emitting hole 512, enters the light locker 51 in the heat-absorbing device, and enters the light-locking device 51 through the light-emitting hole 512. The light, except for a small amount of light that is reflected again into the lock aperture 511, is not reflected again to the outside of the light locker 51, but is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the inner wall of the locker 51. Each time it is reflected, its energy is absorbed a part, and the light energy is gradually weakened until the light energy is finally absorbed by the light locker, and finally disappears; most of the light injected into the lock hole 511 cannot be |3⁄4 Reflecting again to the outside of the lock aperture 511, the light is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed through the inner wall of the lock aperture 511; the automatic control device detects the temperature of the locker 51 by using a temperature sensor embedded in the heat sink. According to the detected temperature, the switch of cold water flowing into the wide door is controlled, and the amount of water flowing in a unit time is controlled, so as to generate different yields and different temperatures in a unit time. Steam. The water vapor produced by the example device can be used for domestic heating, industrial heating, and power generation.

As shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 13 , in another embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the difference in size, the structural difference is that the light locker 51 has a tubular shape and absorbs heat. The outer casing 59 of the device is also tubular, and the heat absorbing device is connected to the support frame 4 via a U-bolt 8. The concave mirror 3 is a grooved concave mirror, and the light-emitting hole 512 is a strip-shaped hole, and may be an elliptical hole or the like. The width of the light-emitting aperture 512 is slightly larger than the width of the focal plane of the slotted concave mirror, and the focal line of the concave mirror is located within the aperture 512. Of course, the focal line of the trough concave mirror may also be located in the light locker 51 or at a position outside the light-emitting aperture 512 but close to the light-emitting aperture 512, as long as the sunlight that is reflected by the trough-shaped concave mirror can be mostly passed through the light. The hole 512 can be inserted into the light locker 51. In order to enhance the strength and rigidity of the heat sink, the outer casing 59 is provided with a reinforcing plate 9, Reinforcing plate 9: made of steel plate and fully welded to the outer casing 59. The other structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Claims

Claim

A lock-up type solar collector, comprising a mechanical tracking system, a concave mirror and a heat absorbing device, wherein: the heat absorbing device comprises a light locker, the light locker is a hollow structure, and adopts heat absorption The material is made of a plurality of light-locking holes on the inner wall surface thereof, and the outer wall of the light locker is provided with a light-emitting hole for the sunlight reflected by the concave mirror to enter the inner cavity.

2 . The light-locking solar collector according to claim 1 , wherein: the heat exchanger is provided with a heat exchange device, and the heat exchange device comprises a heat pipe wound around the outer wall of the light locker, and the heat pipe passes through The heat insulating medium pipe is connected with the heat storage device; the outer wall of the light locker is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected with the automatic control device.

The light-locking solar collector according to claim 2, wherein: the light locker and the heat pipe are provided with an insulation device, and the heat insulation device is a multi-layer composite structure, wrapped in the lock The outer part of the lighter and the heat pipe is an inner heat insulating layer, an inner heat insulating cavity, an inner reflection layer, an outer heat insulating layer, an outer heat insulating cavity, an outer reflection layer, an outer casing and an outer casing heat insulation layer from the inside to the outside. The inner heat insulation cavity is a cavity formed by the inner heat insulation layer being connected to the inner reflection layer through the support structure, and the outer heat insulation cavity is connected by the outer heat insulation layer and the outer reflection layer through the support structure. a cavity formed; an opening is provided at a position corresponding to the light-emitting hole on the heat insulating device.

The light-locking solar collector according to claim 3, wherein: the lens is disposed at a position corresponding to the light-emitting hole on the heat-absorbing device, and the lens may be a concave lens, a planar lens, a curved lens or a convex lens. The heat absorbing device as a whole has a sealed structure.

The light-locking solar collector according to claim 4, wherein: the sunlight is provided in the vicinity of the wall of the light-emitting aperture, and the sunlight that is incident on the wall of the light-emitting aperture and the opening edge of the thermal insulation device is reflected into the light locker. A mirror for the internal cavity.

The light-locking solar collector according to claim 5, wherein the light-emitting aperture wall and the corresponding insulating material opening edge surface are provided with a heat insulating layer.

The light-locking solar collector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light locker is made of ductile iron or steel.

The light-locking solar collector according to claim 7, wherein: the light locker is spherical, the concave mirror is a dish concave mirror, the light-emitting hole is a circular hole, and the focus of the concave mirror is Located in the light hole.

The light-locking solar collector according to claim 7, wherein: the light locker is tubular, the concave mirror is a grooved concave mirror, and the light-emitting hole is a strip-shaped hole, and the concave mirror is The focal line is located in the light hole.

10. '--type lock-type solar collector method, the specific steps include:

Step B: The mechanical tracking system drives the concave mirror and the heat absorbing device to rotate, so that the concave mirror is from sunrise to fall, always facing the sun, so that the concave mirror axis is in the sunshine, every time, every moment with the sun light Parallel to ensure that the sunlight always illuminates vertically onto the concave mirror; the sunlight that is incident on the concave mirror is reflected and focused by the concave mirror, and then enters the light locker in the heat absorbing device through the light-emitting hole, and is incident through the light-emitting hole. The light in the locker, except for a small amount of light that is reflected again into the lock aperture, will not be reflected again. The outside of the light locker is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed by the inner wall of the light locker, and each time the light is reflected, its energy is absorbed a part, and the light energy is gradually weakened until the light energy is finally blocked by the light locker. Absorbed, and finally disappeared; most of the light incident into the lock aperture can not be reflected again to the outside of the lock aperture, but the light is continuously and repeatedly reflected and absorbed through the inner wall of the lock aperture.