CN103261810A - Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method - Google Patents
Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103261810A CN103261810A CN2011800527067A CN201180052706A CN103261810A CN 103261810 A CN103261810 A CN 103261810A CN 2011800527067 A CN2011800527067 A CN 2011800527067A CN 201180052706 A CN201180052706 A CN 201180052706A CN 103261810 A CN103261810 A CN 103261810A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
- F24S30/452—Vertical primary axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
- F24S10/755—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. zig-zag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/60—Thermal insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S2023/88—Multi reflective traps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A light-locking solar thermal collector and a light-locking solar thermal collecting method are provided. The light-locking solar thermal collector comprises a mechanical tracking system, a concave mirror (3) and a heat absorbing device (5). The heat absorbing device (5) comprises a light locking device (51). The light locking device (51) is of a hollow structure and made of a heat absorbing material, and has an inner wall arranged with several light locking holes (511) on its surface. The light locking device (51) has an outer wall arranged with an incident light hole (512) through which sunlight reflected by the concave mirror (3) enters an empty cavity therein. The efficiency of photothermal conversion can be increased by using the light-locking solar thermal collector and the light-locking solar thermal collecting method.
Description
Specification locks light formula solar thermal collector and lock light formula solar heat collection method technical field
The lock light formula solar thermal collector and the heat collecting method using the lock light formula solar thermal collector absorbed heat the present invention relates to multiple reflections after a kind of utilization concave mirror optically focused.Background technology
Existing solar thermal collector realizes that the light and heat energy of sunshine is changed so as to utilizing solar device to be a kind of by concave mirror and by solar light focusing, pass through the mechanically tracking device rotated with solar motion, to drive concave mirror to rotate, so that sunshine vertical irradiation is to concave mirror, concave mirror is by the focus or focal line of solar light focusing to concave mirror, in the focus of concave mirror, at focal line, place the internal endothermic tube for scribbling high temperature resistant black composite light absorption material, absorbed solar energy using black light-absorbing material, so that solar energy is converted into heat energy, solar energy is collected in heat energy mode.But there are some defects in existing solar thermal collector, in cloudless fine day, sunray energy density is very big, the focal point solar facula of the concave mirror focus of existing solar thermal collector can make light absorbent produce high high temperature in moment, and because solar energy metric density is greatly reduced when having cloud layer, it is extremely low that focal point solar facula produces temperature, is used for the material resistance to elevated temperatures that absorbs solar energy at such focusing and has high requirement to the adaptability that high/low temperature changes repeatedly.Existing black light-absorbing composite cost is high, and resistance to elevated temperatures is not enough, and the adaptability changed repeatedly to high/low temperature is not enough, and the life-span is extremely limited, and cost is high.High temperature resistant heat sink production technology difficulty is big, complex process.Existing solar thermal collector, the absorption pattern of its solar energy is once inhaled merely by endothermic tube
Confirm this
Receive, and due to very big by the solar energy current density of concave mirror focus, endothermic tube can not be fully absorbed, remaining can stream be reflected, so collecting efficiency is very low.The content of the invention
The problem of existing for above-mentioned prior art, light formula solar thermal collector is locked the invention provides one kind, its heat sink is made of resistance to elevated temperatures is good, change the low solar energy heat-absorbing material of strong adaptability, service life length, cost repeatedly to high/low temperature, simple production process, production, cost of installation and maintenance are extremely low, life-span is extremely long, is easy to safeguard.Simultaneously light formula solar heat collection method is locked present invention also offers one kind, allow sunshine in heat sink by interreflection, absorption, photo-thermal conversion efficiency is substantially increased, the luminous energy and thermal energy conversion efficiency of whole device are very practical up to 60%-80%.
The technical scheme is that：One kind lock light formula solar thermal collector, including Mechanical tracking systems, concave mirror and heat sink, it is characterised in that：The heat sink includes lock light device, and the lock light device is hollow structure, is made of heat-absorbing material, and its inner wall surface is provided with some lock unthreaded holes, and lock light device outer wall, which is provided with, supplies the sunlight of concave mirror to penetrate unthreaded hole into its internal cavities.
Preferably, being provided with heat-exchange device outside lock light device, the heat-exchange device includes the heat conducting pipe for being wound in lock light device outer wall, and heat conducting pipe is connected by insulation medium pipeline with heat accumulation equipment；Lock light device outer wall is provided with temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is connected with automaton.
As preferred, heat insulating device is provided with outside lock light device and heat conducting pipe, the heat insulating device is multi-layer compound structure, it is wrapped in the outside of lock light device and heat conducting pipe, it is followed successively by inner heat insulation layer from inside to outside, interior heat-insulation chamber, internally reflective layer, outer heat insulation layer, outer heat-insulation chamber, outer reflective layer, shell and shell heat-insulation layer, the interior heat-insulation chamber be by inner heat insulation layer be connected by supporting construction with internally reflective layer after the cavity that is formed, the outer heat-insulation chamber be by outer heat insulation layer be connected by supporting construction with outer reflective layer after formed
Cavity；Position corresponding with penetrating unthreaded hole is provided with opening on heat insulating device.
Preferably, position corresponding with penetrating unthreaded hole is provided with lens on heat sink, the lens can be concavees lens, planar lens, curved lenses or convex lens；Heat sink generally sealing structure.
The sunlight for being mapped to unthreaded hole hole wall and heat insulating device edge of opening can be reflected into the reflective mirror of lock light device internal cavities preferably, penetrating and being provided near unthreaded hole hole wall.
Preferably, penetrating unthreaded hole hole wall and corresponding heat insulating device edge of opening surface is provided with thermal insulation layer.Preferably, the lock light device is made of spheroidal graphite cast-iron or steel.
Preferably, the lock light device is spherical, concave mirror is dish-style concave mirror, and the unthreaded hole of penetrating is circular port, and the focus of concave mirror, which is located at, penetrates in unthreaded hole.
Preferably, the lock light device is tubular, concave mirror is slot type concave mirror, and the unthreaded hole of penetrating is bar hole, and the focal line of concave mirror, which is located at, to be penetrated in unthreaded hole.
One kind lock light formula solar heat collection method, specific steps include：
Step A:Lock light formula solar thermal collector is installed, the lock light formula solar thermal collector includes Mechanical tracking systems, concave mirror and heat sink, the heat sink includes lock light device, heat-exchange device is provided with outside lock light device, the lock light device is hollow structure, it is made of heat-absorbing material, its inner wall surface is provided with some lock unthreaded holes, lock light device outer wall, which is provided with, supplies the sunlight of concave mirror to penetrate unthreaded hole into its internal cavities；The position of distance and adjustment heat sink relative to concave mirror of concave mirror and heat sink is adjusted, the focus of concave mirror is located just at the penetrating in unthreaded hole of heat sink；
Step B:Mechanical tracking systems drive concave mirror, heat sink rotation, make concave mirror from sun to sun, all the time just to the sun, make concave mirror axial line when there is sunshine, per when, often carve all parallel with sunray, with ensure sunshine all the time vertical irradiation on concave mirror；The sunshine on concave mirror is irradiated to, after concave mirror, focusing, by penetrating unthreaded hole into the lock light device in heat sink, is injected by penetrating unthreaded hole in lock light device
Light, in addition to a small amount of light being again reflected in lock unthreaded hole, exhausted major part will not be again reflected outside lock light device, but constantly, repeatedly reflected, absorb by lock light device inwall, and often reflect once, its energy is just predominantly absorbed some, and light ray energy gradually weakens, until light ray energy is finally all absorbed by lock light device, finally disappear；Injecting the light major part in lock unthreaded hole can not be again reflected outside lock unthreaded hole, but light constantly, is repeatedly reflected and absorbed by locking unthreaded hole inwall.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Lock light device in heat sink of the present invention using the very common, prices such as black spheroidal graphite cast-iron, black carbon fibre very cheap, high temperature resistant, change that adaptability is extremely strong, heat conductivity is fabulous repeatedly to high/low temperature, life-span extremely long material makes, it is adapted to dramatic temperature change, it will not damage, and heat sink small volume, it is easy to the design of heat insulating device.Using such heat-absorbing material and the heat sink of light energy absorption mode, simple production process, production, installation, maintenance cost are extremely low, and the life-span is extremely long, are easy to safeguard.So, just solve conventional composite heat-absorbing material resistance to elevated temperatures deficiency, change the adaptability not high weakness of strong, short life, price repeatedly to high/low temperature, the production, installation, maintenance cost of heat sink can be substantially reduced.
The heat absorption mode of the present invention is multiple absorbs, it is irradiated to the sunshine on concave mirror, through concave mirror, after focusing, by penetrating unthreaded hole into the lock light device in heat sink, by penetrating the light that unthreaded hole is injected in lock light device, in addition to a small amount of light being again reflected in lock unthreaded hole, exhausted major part will not be again reflected outside lock light device, but constantly, repeatedly reflected by lock light device inwall, absorb, and often reflect once, its energy is just predominantly absorbed some, light ray energy gradually weakens, until light ray energy is finally all absorbed by lock light device, finally disappear；Injecting the light major part in lock unthreaded hole can not be again reflected outside lock unthreaded hole, but light constantly, is repeatedly reflected and absorbed by locking unthreaded hole inwall, therefore the luminous energy of the heat sink of the present invention is with thermal energy conversion efficiency up to 60%- 80%, and the luminous energy and thermal conversion efficiency of whole device are high.
When the thermal energy exchange dielectric material in heat conducting pipe uses water, heat-exchange device of the invention can produce height
Heated steam, with relatively low cost, is widely used in life heating, industrial heating.The heat collector of the present invention is as heating, heating plant in use, photo-thermal conversion efficiency is in 60%-80%, and conversion efficiency is high.The present invention heat collector also can as solar cooker thermal source, for cook food.The dielectric material of thermal energy exchange is such as carried out with heat sink, using materials such as heat storage capacity strong, high temperature resistant, high boiling heavy oil, pass through the heat sink of the present invention, the media such as the heavy oil flowed through from heat conducting pipe, metallic sodium are heated to more than 700 degree, high temperature resistant vacuum pipe is used again, the media such as High Temperature and Heavy Oil are sent to the indoor kitchen range top, using High Temperature and Heavy Oil, the energy heats pan of liquid metal sodium, with cook food.So, the present invention can be used as the thermal source of solar cooker.The present invention is as solar cooker thermal source in use, photo-thermal conversion efficiency is in 60%-80%, and conversion efficiency is high.
The present invention can also combine steam turbine, stirling generator etc., with relatively low cost, carry out solar light-heat power-generation.Meanwhile, also using heat exchange medium materials such as heat storage capacity strong, high temperature resistant, higher boilings, with reference to vacuum heat-insulation technology, high heat-storing material etc., carry out solar energy heat-storage and generate electricity.As calculated per square meter solar energy metric density by 1. 2KW, whole device photo-thermal conversion efficiency is calculated by 75% estimation, the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of electricity generation system by 35%, the photoelectric transformation efficiency of whole system is up to 26%, conversion efficiency is higher, and cost of electricity-generating is low, very practical.Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the heat sink of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the ball catch light device of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the shell of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the heat conducting pipe of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the bolt type pressing plate of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 7 is the overall structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the heat sink of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the heat conducting pipe of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 10 is the heat conducting pipe of the embodiment of the present invention two and the structure chart after the device assembling of lock light；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the shell of the embodiment of the present invention two；
- Figure 12 is the sectional view of the shell of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the tube-lik lock light device of the embodiment of the present invention two.Embodiment
It is used as one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, one kind lock light formula solar thermal collector, including Mechanical tracking systems, concave mirror 3 and heat sink 5, the Mechanical tracking systems are Mechanical tracking systems used in existing solar thermal collector, its respectively with sun tracker, automaton is connected, concave mirror 3 and the automatic adjusting position of heat sink 5 can be driven with the change of sunlight, by East and West direction tracking motor 2, north-south tracking motor 1, track support, runing rest and vertical rotating shaft etc. are constituted, concave mirror 3 is fixedly installed on vertical rotating shaft, the axial line of concave mirror 3 and vertical rotating shaft are perpendicular, concave mirror 3 faces vertical rotating shaft.Heat sink 5 is connected to the focal point of concave mirror 3 by support frame 4.The heat sink 5 includes lock light device 51, heat-exchange device is provided with outside lock light device 51, the lock light device 51 is hollow structure, it is made of opaque heat-absorbing material, such as spheroidal graphite cast-iron or steel are made, in order to strengthen the endothermic effect of lock light device 51, the steel of black are made preferably with black spheroidal graphite cast-iron, or surface film oxide.The inner wall surface of lock light device 51 is provided with some lock unthreaded holes 511, and lock unthreaded hole 511 is in cellular distribution in the lock inwall of light device 51.The outer wall of lock light device 51 is provided with the sunlight reflected for concave mirror 3 and penetrates unthreaded hole 512 into its internal cavities.In the present embodiment, the lock light device 51 is spherical, is made of black spheroidal graphite cast-iron.Concave mirror 3 is that dish-style is recessed
Face mirror, the unthreaded hole 512 of penetrating is circular port, certainly, and penetrating unthreaded hole 512 can also be using oval, the other shapes such as rectangle.The area for penetrating unthreaded hole 512 is slightly larger than the area of dish-style concave surface mirror foci, and the focus of dish-style concave mirror, which is placed exactly in, penetrates in unthreaded hole 512.Certainly, the focus of dish-style concave mirror can also be located in the cavity of lock light device 51, or positioned at the outside of unthreaded hole 512 is penetrated but close to the position of unthreaded hole 512 is penetrated, as long as can guarantee that the solar ray energy after being focused on through dish-style concave mirror is most of enters lock light device 51 by penetrating unthreaded hole 512.Heat sink and is penetrated when unthreaded hole 512 can be installed relative to the position of concave mirror 3 by support frame 4 and adjusted relative to the position of concave mirror 3.In the present embodiment, preferably, a diameter of 2m of concave mirror 3, by the thick aluminium sheet die formings of 0. 5mm, and it is provided with the reinforcement of enhancing overall construction intensity, the inner surface flat smooth of concave mirror 3 can effective reflected sunlight.Lock light device 51, lock unthreaded hole 511 and penetrate the size of unthreaded hole 512 according to how much designs of endothermic heat, in the present embodiment, as preferred, light device 51 is locked using black spheroidal graphite cast iron casting, welding forming, its a diameter of 500 Let, inwall thinnest part thickness about 2-3 Let, lock a diameter of 60-80 leg of unthreaded hole 511, it is 60 pictures to lock the depth of unthreaded hole 511, penetrates a diameter of 100 leg of unthreaded hole 512.Certainly other sizes can also be made by locking light device 51, lock unthreaded hole 511 and penetrating unthreaded hole 512, the size of corresponding adjustment concave mirror 3 and support frame 4.Lock light device 51 can also be made from ordinary steel or plain cast iron.
Because the lock inwall of light device 51 is by with stronger absorbing ability, black, opaque material is constituted, lock the aperture of only one of which very little on light device 51, penetrating unthreaded hole 512 is available for light to pass through, and it is minimum to penetrate ratio of the area of unthreaded hole 512 compared with locking the inwall total surface area of light device 51, it is entirely different to the reflection direction of different injection angle light to lock the inwall of light device 51, by penetrating the light that unthreaded hole 512 is injected in lock light device 51, in addition to a small amount of light being again reflected in lock unthreaded hole 511, exhausted major part will not be again reflected to the outside of lock light device 51 and go, but constantly, repeatedly reflected by the black inwall of lock light device 51, absorb, and often reflect once, its energy is just predominantly absorbed some, light ray energy gradually weakens, until light ray energy is finally all absorbed by lock light device 51, finally disappear.
Because a large amount of lock unthreaded holes 511 on the lock inwall of light device 51 are indents, the outside of lock unthreaded hole 511 can not be again reflected by injecting the light major part of lock unthreaded hole 511, and can only be reflected between the inwall of lock unthreaded hole 511, light constantly, is repeatedly reflected and absorbed by locking the black inwall of unthreaded hole 511, light ray energy absorption efficiency is further improved.
The heat-exchange device includes the heat conducting pipe 52 for being wound in lock light device outer wall, heat conducting pipe 52 is the pipeline for supplying to carry out the liquid medium flows such as the water of thermal energy exchange with lock light device 51, space between heat conducting pipe 52 is filled with high temperature resistant, the heat-storage medium material that heat conductivity is good, heat storage capacity is strong, such as：Resistant to elevated temperatures silica gel, iron filings etc..In order to which the heat for locking light device 51 is transmitted to rapidly into heat conducting pipe 52, the memory bank that lock light device 51 collects solar energy is functioned simultaneously as, the heat storage capacity of heat sink is improved.In the present embodiment, preferably, the heat conducting pipe 52 is 12mm stainless steel tube, heat exchange medium is flowed into from one end of stainless steel tube, flowed out through the other end.The heat exchange medium can be using water, metallic sodium and heavy oil etc..In the present embodiment, it is as heat exchange medium using water.Heat conducting pipe 52 is connected 7 by insulation medium pipeline 6 with heat accumulation equipment;Insulation medium pipeline 6 uses thermal conductivity extreme difference, the materials such as resistant to elevated temperatures ceramics are made, insulation medium pipeline 6 is tightly connected with heat conducting pipe 52, heat supply exchange media is flowed into by pipeline, flow out inside heat sink, insulation medium pipeline 6 uses airtight connection with heat sink junction, in order to heat sink formation vacuum body, so, the heat of lock light device 51 is reduced as far as possible to be transmitted to outside heat sink by the surface of heat conducting pipe 52 and insulation medium pipeline 6, cause unnecessary waste, it will not be damaged again because of the high temperature of lock light device 51 simultaneously.
Certainly, Chinese pennisetum is according to different use requirements, heat conducting pipe 52 can also be connected with high temperature resistant vacuum pipe, heat exchange medium is using heavy oil, liquid metal sodium etc., pass through high temperature resistant vacuum pipe, the media such as the High Temperature and Heavy Oil of the heat energy of lock light device 51 will be absorbed and be sent to the indoor kitchen range top, using High Temperature and Heavy Oil, the energy heats pan of liquid metal sodium, with cook food.The present invention can also combine steam turbine, stirling generator etc., and carries out solar light-heat power-generation with relatively low cost.Meanwhile, also using heat such as heat storage capacity strong, high temperature resistant, higher boilings
Exchange media material, with reference to vacuum heat-insulation technology, high heat-storing material etc., carries out solar energy heat-storage and generates electricity.The outer wall of lock light device 51 is provided with temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is two pairs of thermocouples, to detect the temperature of lock light device 51, after thermocouple connecting line is bonded into one with heat conducting pipe 52, it is drawn out to outside heat sink, for being connected with automaton.Automaton utilizes the temperature sensor being embedded in heat sink, the temperature of detection lock light device 51, and the switch of water inflow valve is controlled according to the temperature detected, the size of inflow water in the unit interval is controlled, to produce the steam of different output, different temperatures within the unit interval.The water vapour that the present embodiment device is produced, available for life heating, industrial heating, generating.
Lock light device 51 absorbs solar energy, and temperature is reached after requirement numerical value, passes through automaton, open the magnetic valve of the medium injection such as control cold water, cold water etc. flows through from heat conducting pipe 52, and carries out energy exchange with lock light device 51, is gradually heated up and reaches requirement temperature.The temperature of lock light device 51 is reduced to after set point of temperature, and by automaton, the magnetic valve of the injection such as closing control cold water, to lock the temperature after light device 51 absorbs solar energy, reaches predetermined temperature range again.According to the lock temperature of light device 51, by automaton, the flow such as injection cold water in the control unit interval can control the dielectric capacity heated within the unit interval by set point of temperature ascensional range.So, lock light device 51 and outside thermal energy exchange are achieved that.
Heat insulating device is provided with outside lock light device 51 and heat conducting pipe 52, the heat insulating device is multi-layer compound structure, it is wrapped in the outside of lock light device 51 and heat conducting pipe 52, it is followed successively by inner heat insulation layer 53 from inside to outside, interior heat-insulation chamber 55, internally reflective layer 56, outer heat insulation layer 57, outer heat-insulation chamber 58, outer reflective layer, shell 59 and shell heat-insulation layer, the inner heat insulation layer 53 and outer heat insulation layer 57 are the flexible material such as asbestos or high temperature resistant dry goods, in the present embodiment, as preferred, it is to use aluminum silicate ceramic glass fibre cotton.Inner heat insulation layer 53 and 57 surface of outer heat insulation layer are respectively arranged with setting net 54, and the shape of fixed inner heat insulation layer 53 and outer heat insulation layer 57 is easy to by supporting knot to form cavity.Inner heat insulation layer 53 and outer heat insulation layer 57 can prevent heat sink internal heat from distributing outward, play heat-insulated protect
Temperature effect, can also play a protective role, and prevent external force from destroying heat sink.
Internally reflective layer 56 is made of the smooth aluminium sheet in surface, and outer reflective layer is to apply reflecting material in the inwall of shell 59 to be formed, and in the present embodiment, is utilized in the silver-plated mode of the inwall of shell 59. and is formed.The effect of internally reflective layer 56 and outer reflective layer is that the heat for radiating inner heat insulation layer 53 and outer heat insulation layer 57 is reflected back, to reduce the heat energy dissipation of heat sink.
The effect of shell 59 is the weight for supporting heat sink overall, and fixes lens 591 and speculum 592.And the pressure vacuumized can be born.In the present embodiment, shell 59 is to be made using 5mm heavy sheet glass by techniques such as heating, bending and welding.Shell heat-insulation layer is formed in the outside of shell 59 parcel asbestos or high-temperature-resistant cloth.
The interior heat-insulation chamber 55 be by inner heat insulation layer 53 be connected by supporting construction with internally reflective layer 56 after the cavity that is formed, the outer heat-insulation chamber 58 be by outer heat insulation layer 57 be connected by supporting construction with outer reflective layer after the cavity that is formed；The supporting construction can be provided with the retainer of projection using surface, or using the heat-insulated connected body being made in the local pad heat-barrier material such as ceramics of interior insulating 53 and 57 surface of outer heat insulation layer, in the present embodiment, as preferred, it is that insulating and reflecting layer are separated using retainer and heat-insulation chamber is formed, the effect of heat-insulation chamber is the contact area for reducing insulating and reflecting layer, to reduce heat transfer area, to reduce the heat energy dissipation by contacting conduction pattern and producing as far as possible.
On heat insulating device opening is provided with penetrating the corresponding position of unthreaded hole 512.Penetrate the hole wall of unthreaded hole 512 and corresponding heat insulating device edge of opening surface is provided with thermal insulation layer 593.Thermal insulation layer 593 is equally constituted using the flexible heat-insulating heat-barrier material of asbestos or high temperature resistant dry goods, in the present embodiment, preferably, being made of to use aluminum silicate ceramic glass fibre cotton.
Lens 591 are provided with penetrating the corresponding position of unthreaded hole 512 on heat sink, the lens 591 can be concavees lens, planar lens, curved lenses or convex lens；Lens 591 are using the high glass system of high temperature resistant, light transmittance
Into.When from convex lens or concavees lens, the horizontal range at lens 591 and the center of concave mirror 3 is less than the focal length of concave mirror 3；It is easy to concave mirror 3 to focus on sunray again.When mounted, by adjusting the distance of concave mirror 3 and lens 591, to adjust sunray after the reflection focusing of concave mirror 3, the spot size formed on the surface of lens 591.By the distance for adjusting lens 591 Yu penetrating unthreaded hole 512, to adjust sunray after penetrating unthreaded hole 512, the spot size on the inwall of lock light device 51 is irradiated to.
Planar lens does not play focussing force with curved lenses, is intended merely to the closed effect for allowing heat sink to form vacuum.The light that convex lens can reflect back concave mirror 3 is focused on again.After sunray is focused on again via convex lens, facula area at unthreaded hole 512 is being penetrated, less than the area for penetrating unthreaded hole 512, so that sunshine injects lock light device 51 by penetrating unthreaded hole 512.Reduce the cross-sectional area that unthreaded hole 512 is penetrated on lock light device 51, be reflected again by penetrating unthreaded hole 512 come raising solar energy collection efficiency with reducing injection light.Simultaneously because convex lens have certain absorption to luminous energy, temperature can rise after it absorbs heat, it can so expand and be irradiated to facula area on concave mirror 3, to reduce the solar energy of convex lens unit area heat absorption, simultaneously beneficial to convex lens radiating, to reduce the high temperature resistant requirement to convex lens material.
In the present embodiment, preferably, using concavees lens, a diameter of 250mm, concavees lens are parallel with the end face for penetrating unthreaded hole 512.The advantage of concavees lens is the light after concave mirror 3 is focused on（Big hot spot）Become smaller hot spot, light is more displaced in lock light device 51.Hot spot is smaller, and heat collection effect is better., there is a range of error the focal position that can so allow sunray to be reflected through concave mirror 3 after assembling simultaneously, and also just reduces the required precision to solar tracking system simultaneously.
In cloudless fine day completely, because of sunray energy density greatly, it is high to project instantaneous temperature at the sunshine hot spot of the inwall of lock light device 51 after focusing, and temperature is relatively low when having cloud layer.Sunray after focusing projects the facula area size of the inwall of lock light device 51, is directly proportional to its localized hyperthermia formed in the lock inwall moment of light device 51.As long as the sunray after control is focused on projects the facula area size for locking the inwall of light device 51,
Can just control completely it is cloudless when focus on after sunshine lock the inwall moment of light device 51 formed localized hyperthermia's size, and make the heat-absorbing materials such as the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of lock light device 51 and be resistant to high high temperature, change that adaptability is extremely strong repeatedly to high/low temperature, heat-conductive characteristic is fabulous, SP:Lock light device 51 will not be damaged because of the localized hyperthermia of moment, also will not alternately and repeatedly be changed because of temperature high/low temperature at hot spot and be damaged.Meanwhile, the medium amount such as cold water of progress energy exchange injected with reference to the control unit interval, so that it may by the temperature control of lock light device 51 to certain limit.
Heat sink generally sealing structure.Heat sink inner air can be extracted to form vacuum, reduce the heat energy dissipation that the outside heat transfer of heat sink is caused.
Penetrate to be provided near the hole wall of unthreaded hole 512 and the sunlight for being mapped to the hole wall of unthreaded hole 512 and heat insulating device edge of opening can be reflected into the reflective mirror 592 of the internal cavities of lock light device 51.In the present embodiment, using symmetrically arranged reflective mirror 592, reflective mirror 592 is dorsad set with penetrating the hole wall of unthreaded hole 512, between mutually symmetrical reflective mirror 592 at an angle, the sunlight for sunlight and the concavees lens diverging that concave mirror 3 reflects is in addition to penetrating entrance pupil 512, some can be mapped to the hole wall of unthreaded hole 512 and heat insulating device edge of opening, when sunlight penetrates the hole wall of unthreaded hole 512 and heat insulating device edge of opening through directive after lens 591, the reflection that light passes through reflective mirror 592, and by entering the inwall of lock light device 51 by penetrating unthreaded hole 512 after the reflection that is relatively multiple between symmetrical reflective mirror 592, more light are so allowed to enter the inner chamber of lock light device 51, improve photo-thermal conversion efficiency.Concavees lens 3 and speculum 592 are coupled by bolt type pressing plate with heat sink shell 59.Bolt type pressing plate and the full weld of shell 59.Sealing plate is provided with bolt type pressing plate, bolt type pressing plate is bolted with sealing plate, centre plus cushion pad are sealed with refractory seals glue.
The present invention operation principle be, after installation of the present invention, pass through common sun tracker, detection position of sun simultaneously provides position of sun signal to automaton, by the motor rotary motion of automaton control machinery tracking system, to control its runing rest, vertical rotating shaft to rotate, to adjust concave mirror 3
Direction.Make concave mirror 3 from sun to sun, all the time just to the sun, to adapt to daily middle angle between earth surface and sunray because the earth is often from the change for transferring to produce.The axial line of concave mirror 3 when there is sunshine, per when, often carve all parallel with sunray, with ensure sunshine all the time vertical irradiation on concave mirror.
It is irradiated to the sunshine on concave mirror 3, reflected through concave mirror 3, after focusing, pass through lens 591, by penetrating the lock light device 51 that unthreaded hole 512 enters in heat sink, by penetrating the light that unthreaded hole 512 is injected in lock light device 51, in addition to a small amount of light being again reflected in lock unthreaded hole 511, exhausted major part will not be again reflected outside lock light device 51, but constantly, repeatedly reflected by the inwall of lock light device 51, absorb, and often reflect once, its energy is just predominantly absorbed some, light ray energy gradually weakens, until light ray energy is finally all absorbed by lock light device, finally disappear；The light major part injected in lock unthreaded hole 511 can not | reflex to lock unthreaded hole 511 outside again, but light constantly, repeatedly reflected and absorbed by locking the inwall of unthreaded hole 511;Automaton utilizes the temperature sensor being embedded in heat sink, the temperature of detection lock light device 51, and the switch of the wealthy door of cold water inflow is controlled according to the temperature detected, the size of inflow water in the unit interval is controlled, to produce the steam of different output, different temperatures within the unit interval.The water vapour that the example device is produced, available for life heating, industrial heating, generating.
As shown in Fig. 7 to Figure 13, another embodiment of the invention, compared with the first implementation, in addition to the difference in terms of size, the lock light device 51 that is distinguished as in structure is tubular, the shell 59 of heat sink is also tubular, and heat sink is connected on support frame 4 by U bolt 8.Concave mirror 3 is slot type concave mirror, and the unthreaded hole 512 of penetrating is bar hole, or slotted eye etc..The width for penetrating unthreaded hole 512 is slightly larger than the width of slot type concave mirror focal line, and the focal line of slot type concave mirror, which is located at, to be penetrated in unthreaded hole 512.Certainly, the focal line of slot type concave mirror can also be located in lock light device 51, or positioned at the outside of unthreaded hole 512 is penetrated but close to the position of unthreaded hole 512 is penetrated, as long as can guarantee that the solar ray energy after being focused on through slot type concave mirror is most of enters lock light device 51 by penetrating unthreaded hole 512.Reinforcing plate 9 is provided with the strength and stiffness of heat sink, shell 59 to strengthen,
Reinforcing plate 9:It is made of steel plate, with the full weld of shell 59.The other structures of the present embodiment are same as Example 1.
Claims (1)
- Claims1. one kind lock light formula solar thermal collector, including Mechanical tracking systems, concave mirror and heat sink, it is characterised in that：The heat sink includes lock light device, and the lock light device is hollow structure, is made of heat-absorbing material, and its inner wall surface is provided with some lock unthreaded holes, and lock light device outer wall, which is provided with, supplies the sunlight of concave mirror to penetrate unthreaded hole into its internal cavities.2. the lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Heat-exchange device is provided with outside lock light device, the heat-exchange device includes the heat conducting pipe for being wound in lock light device outer wall, and heat conducting pipe is connected by insulation medium pipeline with heat accumulation equipment；Lock light device outer wall is provided with temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is connected with automaton.3. lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Heat insulating device is provided with outside lock light device and heat conducting pipe, the heat insulating device is multi-layer compound structure, it is wrapped in the outside of lock light device and heat conducting pipe, it is followed successively by inner heat insulation layer, interior heat-insulation chamber, internally reflective layer, outer heat insulation layer, outer heat-insulation chamber, outer reflective layer, shell and shell heat-insulation layer from inside to outside, the interior heat-insulation chamber be by inner heat insulation layer be connected by supporting construction with internally reflective layer after the cavity that is formed, the outer heat-insulation chamber be by outer heat insulation layer be connected by supporting construction with outer reflective layer after the cavity that is formed；Position corresponding with penetrating unthreaded hole is provided with opening on heat insulating device.4. lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Position corresponding with penetrating unthreaded hole is provided with lens on heat sink, the lens can for concavees lens, planar lens, arc ' lens or convex lens；Heat sink generally sealing structure.5. lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Penetrate to be provided near unthreaded hole hole wall and the sunlight for being mapped to unthreaded hole hole wall and heat insulating device edge of opening can be reflected into the reflective mirror of lock light device internal cavities.6. lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Penetrate unthreaded hole hole wall and corresponding heat insulating device edge of opening surface is provided with thermal insulation layer.7. the lock light formula solar thermal collector according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：The lock light device is made of spheroidal graphite cast-iron or steel.8. lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The lock light device is spherical, and concave mirror is dish-style concave mirror, and the unthreaded hole of penetrating is circular port, and the focus of concave mirror, which is located at, penetrates in unthreaded hole.9. lock light formula solar thermal collector according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The lock light device is tubular, and concave mirror is slot type concave mirror, and the unthreaded hole of penetrating is bar hole, and the focal line of concave mirror, which is located at, to be penetrated in unthreaded hole.10. '-kind of lock light formula solar heat collection method, specific steps include：Step A:Lock light formula solar thermal collector is installed, the lock light formula solar thermal collector includes Mechanical tracking systems, concave mirror and heat sink, the heat sink includes lock light device, heat-exchange device is provided with outside lock light device, the lock light device is hollow structure, it is made of heat-absorbing material, its inner wall surface is provided with some lock unthreaded holes, lock light device outer wall, which is provided with, supplies the sunlight of concave mirror to penetrate unthreaded hole into its internal cavities；The position of distance and adjustment heat sink relative to concave mirror of concave mirror and heat sink is adjusted, the focus of concave mirror is located just at the penetrating in unthreaded hole of heat sink；Step B:Mechanical tracking systems drive concave mirror, heat sink rotation, make concave mirror from sunrise to saying, all the time just to the sun, make concave mirror axial line when there is sunshine, per when, often carve all parallel with sunray, with ensure sunshine all the time vertical irradiation on concave mirror；It is irradiated to the sunshine on concave mirror, after concave mirror, focusing, by penetrating unthreaded hole into the lock light device in heat sink, by penetrating the light that unthreaded hole is injected in lock light device, in addition to a small amount of light being again reflected in lock unthreaded hole, exhausted major part will not be again reflected Lock outside light device, but constantly, repeatedly reflected, absorb by lock light device inwall, and often reflect once, its energy is just predominantly absorbed some, and light ray energy gradually weakens, until light ray energy is finally all absorbed by lock light device, finally disappears；Injecting the big portion ^ ^ of light in lock unthreaded hole can not be again reflected outside lock unthreaded hole, but light constantly, is repeatedly reflected and absorbed by locking unthreaded hole inwall.
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| CN2011800527067A CN103261810A (en) | 2010-10-24 | 2011-10-21 | Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method |
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| CN201010530993.5 | 2010-10-24 | ||
| CN2010105309935A CN102455062A (en) | 2010-10-24 | 2010-10-24 | Concave mirror reflective-concentrating sun-locking heat-absorption type solar heat energy collecting method and device |
| CN2011800527067A CN103261810A (en) | 2010-10-24 | 2011-10-21 | Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method |
| PCT/CN2011/001751 WO2012055160A1 (en) | 2010-10-24 | 2011-10-21 | Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method |
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| CN2011800527067A Pending CN103261810A (en) | 2010-10-24 | 2011-10-21 | Light-locking solar thermal collector and light-locking solar thermal collecting method |
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| CN103673316A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-26 | 上海新产业光电技术有限公司 | Solar photothermal receiver |
| CN102903287B (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2014-10-08 | 四川大学 | Temperature measuring device of light-induced temperature increment |
| ITRM20120676A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-01 | Innova Solar Energy S R L | SOLAR CONCENTRATOR |
| CN105258360B (en) * | 2014-06-21 | 2017-10-17 | 吴艳频 | Many curved surface groove type solar collecting systems |
| CN105864737A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 阿说伍机 | Device utilizing solar energy |
| CN107062634A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-08-18 | 北京顺风光热科技有限公司 | Dish-style Stirling photo-thermal power generation heat collector, system and the method for improving thermal absorptivity |
| CN110597299A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-12-20 | 刘星宇 | Design of flexible solar energy collection counterweight type tracking system based on sundial projection |
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| CN102455062A (en) | 2012-05-16 |
| WO2012055160A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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