CN111981710B - Tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity - Google Patents
Tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111981710B CN111981710B CN202010452068.9A CN202010452068A CN111981710B CN 111981710 B CN111981710 B CN 111981710B CN 202010452068 A CN202010452068 A CN 202010452068A CN 111981710 B CN111981710 B CN 111981710B
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
- F24S70/225—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption for spectrally selective absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/70—Sealing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity, which comprises a heat absorbing screen, wherein the heat absorbing screen is vertical and circumferentially arranged around the center of the heat absorber, and comprises an upper header, a lower header and heat absorbing pipes fixedly connected with the upper header and the lower header through connecting pipes in a row; the heat absorption screen is also provided with a heat storage and insulation device, the heat storage and insulation device comprises a header insulation device and a heat absorption pipe heat storage and insulation device, and the header insulation device surrounds the upper header, the lower header and the connecting pipe; the heat-absorbing pipe heat-storage and heat-preservation device is arranged on the backlight side of the heat-absorbing pipe. The heat storage and insulation device is provided with the heat storage and insulation device, and can respectively insulate the upper and lower headers and the heat absorption pipe, and the heat storage and insulation mode of the heat storage and insulation device by combining thermochemical and electric tracing ensures that the heat absorber has stronger adaptability to weather changes, prevents the blockage caused by condensation of molten salt in a pipeline, improves the reliability and the service life of the whole heat absorber, and reduces the maintenance and use cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of research and development of tower type solar heat absorbers, in particular to a tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity.
Background
In a tower solar thermal power generation system, a wide field is required to arrange a large number of heliostats. Each heliostat realizes real-time tracking of the sun and reflects the sunlight to the heat absorber. A heat absorber positioned on the high tower absorbs the high heat flux radiant energy reflected by the heliostat system and converts the high heat flux radiant energy into high temperature heat energy to be transferred to the heat transfer working medium. The high-temperature heat transfer working medium is transferred to a steam generator positioned on the ground through a pipeline to generate high-pressure superheated steam so as to push a conventional steam turbine to generate electricity. Because of the high tower focusing, a typical tower solar thermal power generation system can realize a focusing ratio of more than 1000; the local heat flux density projected to the tower top heat absorber can be up to more than 1000kW/m < 2 >.
The heat absorber is core equipment of a tower type solar thermal power generation system, and the heat absorbing capacity is key for realizing heat energy conversion from solar energy to heat transfer working media. The heat absorber may be divided into a tube type heat absorber and a volumetric type heat absorber according to the structure of the heat absorber. For the tubular heat absorber, a heat transfer working medium flows in a metal or ceramic tube, the outer wall of the tube is coated with a high-temperature resistant selective absorption coating, the incident solar energy is focused to raise the temperature of the outer wall surface of the tube in a radiation mode, and then heat is transferred to the heat transfer working medium in the tube in a heat conduction and convection mode through the tube wall. The tube bundles are typically closely arranged to resemble flat plate heat absorbing screens, and then a block of heat absorbing screens is mounted on the outer surface of the cylinder (exposed tube absorber) or on the inner surface of the cavity (cavity tube absorber).
At present, most of heat absorbers of the tower type solar thermal power stations which are commercialized are exposed tube type heat absorbers, and most of heat transfer working media are molten salts. For the heat absorber, the light receiving surface of the heat absorbing screen not only receives solar radiation reflected by the heliostat field, but also is in direct contact with the external environment, so that larger heat dissipation loss exists. The change of weather conditions greatly affects solar radiation, and further affects the temperature of the heat transfer working medium at the outlet of the heat absorber. For example, when a cloud layer floats over the heliostat field, the solar radiation received by the heat absorber can be drastically reduced, even to zero; at this time, the heat absorber's height Wen Guanbi radiates heat to the outside in the form of radiation and convection, resulting in a rapid decrease in wall temperature. And in severe cases, solidification of molten salt working medium in the heat absorber can be caused. In addition, after the cloud layer leaves the heliostat, the solar radiation received by the heat absorber is increased sharply; because the temperature of the pipe wall is lower at this moment, the wall temperature of the heat absorber is increased sharply, the weather condition changes to cause the wall temperature of the heat absorber to change drastically, the service life of the heat absorber is shortened, and even the heat absorbing pipe bursts to cause safety accidents. There is a need to develop a heat absorber with better adaptability to weather changes, longer service life and better safety, which can prevent the blockage caused by the condensation of molten salt in the heat absorber pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides the tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity, which is provided with the heat storage and insulation device, and can be used for respectively insulating the upper header, the lower header and the heat absorption pipe, so that the heat absorber has stronger adaptability to weather changes due to a heat storage and insulation mode of thermochemical and electric heat tracing matching, the blockage caused by condensation of molten salt in a pipeline is prevented, the integral reliability and the service life of the heat absorber are improved, and the maintenance and use cost is reduced.
The tower type solar heat absorber with the heat storage capacity comprises a heat absorbing screen, wherein the heat absorbing screen is vertical and circumferentially arranged around the center of the heat absorber, and comprises an upper header, a lower header and heat absorbing pipes fixedly connected with the upper header and the lower header through connecting pipes in a row; the heat absorption screen is also provided with a heat storage and heat preservation device, the heat storage and heat preservation device comprises a header heat preservation device and a heat absorption pipe heat storage and heat preservation device, the header heat preservation device surrounds the upper header, the lower header and the connecting pipe, the header heat preservation device is divided into four layers from outside to inside, and the four layers are a shell, a heat insulation layer, a sealing layer and a wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate in sequence; the heat absorption tube heat storage and insulation device is arranged on the backlight side of the heat absorption tube and comprises a heat absorption tube heating component which is closely attached to the wall of the backlight surface of the heat absorption tube and a heat absorption tube heat storage component which is arranged between adjacent heat absorption tubes.
Compared with the prior art, the tower type solar heat absorber with the heat storage capacity has the following remarkable improvements:
1) The shell, the heat insulation layer and the sealing layer of the header heat preservation device can play roles in slowing down heat dissipation and preventing external rainwater from flowing in, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate is fixed on the sealing layer through the metal bracket, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate is electrified before the preheating of the heat absorber begins, and the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate can transmit radiation energy to the header and the connecting pipe in an infrared mode to play a role in heating and heat preservation;
2) The back of the heat absorption tube is provided with a heat absorption screen heat preservation element which can uniformly heat the heat absorption tube and the heat storage unit, and when the sunlight reflected by the fixed day mirror field irradiates the light receiving surface of the heat absorption screen, the sunlight irradiates thermochemical substances, so that the thermochemical substances are heated to reach the temperature at which chemical reaction occurs, and the solar radiation energy is converted into the chemical energy of the thermochemical substances, thereby realizing the heat storage effect;
3) When the weather changes and the heat flux density received by the heat absorber is reduced, the temperature of the heat absorber pipe wall is reduced, and when the temperature of the thermochemical substances is reduced to a certain value, the thermochemical substances undergo oxidation reaction to release the chemical energy stored previously and heat the heat absorber pipe and the molten salt in the heat absorber pipe, so that the temperature reduction rate of the pipe wall is reduced, and the time of the temperature reduction of the molten salt is prolonged.
As optimization, the cross section of the heat absorption screen is provided with W-shaped double rows of adjacent heat absorption pipes, a first row of heat absorption pipes is arranged close to the light receiving surface, the other row of heat absorption pipes is a second row of heat absorption pipes, the number of the second row of heat absorption pipes is one more than that of the first row of heat absorption pipes, the distance X between the axes of the adjacent heat absorption pipes in each row is 1.5-2.5 times of the outer diameter of the heat absorption pipes, the longitudinal distance Y between the axes of the first row of heat absorption pipes and the axes of the adjacent second row of heat absorption pipes is 1-1.5 times of the outer diameter of the heat absorption pipes, the pipe wall of the back surface of the second row of heat absorption pipes is in contact with a heat absorption pipe heating assembly, two adjacent heat absorption pipes in the second row and the first row of heat absorption pipes positioned between the two heat absorption pipes form a cavity structure, and the heat absorption pipe heat storage assembly is arranged in the cavity structure, and the adjacent heat absorption pipe heat storage assemblies are not in contact.
According to the optimization scheme, the heat absorption pipes are arranged in a W-shaped double row mode, cavities are formed among the heat absorption pipes, and heat dissipation loss of the heat absorber can be reduced by using a cavity effect; the space between the heat absorption pipes is reasonably controlled to increase the light receiving area as much as possible and reduce heat dissipation loss, and the heat absorption pipe heat storage component is arranged in the cavity between the heat absorption pipes, so that when the sunlight reflected by the fixed day mirror field irradiates the light receiving surface of the heat absorption screen, the sunlight irradiates the heat absorption pipe heat storage component, the heat absorption pipe heat storage component heats up to the temperature at which chemical reaction occurs, and then the solar radiation energy is converted into chemical energy of thermochemical substances, thereby realizing the heat storage effect.
Further, as optimization, the heat absorption pipe heat storage component comprises a thermochemical module and a clamping support, wherein the clamping support is positioned at the lower end of the heat absorption pipe heat storage component and is positioned outside the header heat preservation device, and the cross section shape of the clamping support is consistent with that of the thermochemical module.
According to this optimization, the card supports the function of preventing the thermochemical substances from falling off.
As an optimization, the thermochemical modules are independent block structures which are placed on the clamping support and gradually build up along the vertical direction of the heat absorption pipe.
According to the optimization scheme, the thermochemical module is of an independent block structure, and is convenient to manufacture, assemble, disassemble and replace.
As optimization, a high-temperature-resistant selective absorption coating is arranged on the light-receiving surface of the heat absorption tube.
According to the optimization scheme, when the heat absorber pipe is irradiated by sunlight, the surface temperature is rapidly increased, and the high-temperature-resistant selective absorption coating is coated on the one hand, so that the light-heat conversion of the heat absorber is facilitated, and on the other hand, the damage of the high temperature to the coating can be prevented.
As optimization, the heat absorption pipe heating assembly comprises three layers from outside to inside, namely a heat preservation layer, a heating cable and a metal plate.
According to the optimization scheme, the metal plate is good in heat conductivity, the heat transfer efficiency of the heating cable to the heat absorption pipe can be improved by being arranged on the back of the heat absorption pipe, and the heat insulation cotton layer is covered outside to reduce heat loss.
Preferably, the heating cable is arranged in a wave-shaped bend above the metal plate.
According to the optimization scheme, the heating cable heats the heat absorption pipe more uniformly when being arranged in a wave shape.
As optimization, the heat preservation layer is fixedly connected with the metal plate, and an aluminum silicate material with the heat conductivity coefficient smaller than 0.12W/(m.K) is adopted.
According to the optimization scheme, the aluminum silicate material has small heat conductivity coefficient and little heat dissipation, and can play a better heat preservation effect.
As optimization, the cross section of the header heat preservation device is polygonal, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate is parallel to the side face of the header heat preservation device, the working face surrounds the upper header, the lower header and the connecting pipe, and the back of the working face is fixedly connected with the shell.
According to the optimization scheme, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate is parallel to the side face of the header heat preservation device, the inner space of the header heat preservation device can be reasonably utilized, the area of the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate is increased as much as possible, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate and the header are oppositely arranged and can be used for heating the header, the connecting pipe is correspondingly arranged with the position of the connecting pipe and can be used for heating the connecting pipe, and molten salt condensation blockage is prevented.
Preferably, the sealing layer is provided with a high-reflection coating on the surface side facing the header.
According to the optimization scheme, the high-reflection coating on the surface of the sealing layer is used for reflecting infrared rays emitted by the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate, so that the heating effect of the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a single absorber screen of a tower solar absorber with heat storage capability of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the tower solar heat absorber of fig. 2 having heat storage capability.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a clip of a tower solar heat absorber with heat storage capability according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic of a post-stack thermochemical module of the tower solar heat absorber of the present invention having heat storage capacity.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an arrangement structure of a heat absorption tube of a tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-Heat absorbing screen, 11-upper header, 12-lower header, 13-heat absorbing pipes, 131-first row of heat absorbing pipes, 132-second row of heat absorbing pipes and 14-connecting pipes; 2-heat storage and insulation device, 21-header heat insulation device, 211-shell, 212-heat insulation layer, 213-sealing layer, 214-wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate, 22-heat absorption pipe heat storage and insulation device, 221-heat absorption pipe heating component, 2211-heat insulation layer, 2212-heating cable, 2213-metal plate, 222-heat absorption pipe heat storage component, 2221-thermochemical module and 2222-card support.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following description of the present patent application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description (examples), which are presented herein for purposes of illustration only and not of limitation.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a tower solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity, comprising a heat absorbing screen 1, said heat absorbing screen 1 being upstanding and circumferentially arranged around the centre of the heat absorber, characterized in that: the heat absorbing screen 1 comprises an upper header 11, a lower header 12 and heat absorbing pipes 13 which are fixedly connected with the upper header 11 and the lower header 12 through connecting pipes 14 and are arranged in rows; the heat absorption screen 1 is also provided with a heat storage and heat preservation device 2, the heat storage and heat preservation device 2 comprises a header heat preservation device 21 and a heat absorption pipe heat storage and heat preservation device 22, the header heat preservation device 21 surrounds the upper header 11, the lower header 12 and the connecting pipe 14, the header heat preservation device 21 is divided into four layers from outside to inside, and comprises a shell 211, a heat insulation layer 212, a sealing layer 213 and a wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 in sequence; the heat-absorbing pipe heat-storing and heat-preserving device 22 is arranged on the backlight side of the heat-absorbing pipe 13, and comprises a heat-absorbing pipe heating component 221 which is closely attached to the wall of the backlight surface of the heat-absorbing pipe 13, and a heat-absorbing pipe heat-storing component 222 which is arranged between adjacent heat-absorbing pipes 13.
Referring to fig. 3, as a specific embodiment:
In the heat absorbing screen 1, the number of the second heat absorbing pipes 132 is one more than that of the first heat absorbing pipes 131, the distance X between the axes of the adjacent heat absorbing pipes 13 in each row is 2 times the outer diameter of the heat absorbing pipes 13, the longitudinal distance Y between the axes of the first heat absorbing pipes 131 and the adjacent second heat absorbing pipes 132 in each row is 1 time the outer diameter of the heat absorbing pipes 13, the pipe wall of the back surface of the second heat absorbing pipes 132 contacts with the heat absorbing pipe heating assembly 221, the two adjacent heat absorbing pipes 13 in the second row and the first heat absorbing pipes 131 positioned between the two heat absorbing pipes 13 form a cavity structure, the heat absorbing pipe assembly 222 is arranged in the cavity structure, and the adjacent heat absorbing pipe assemblies 222 are not contacted.
The heat absorbing pipes 13 in the embodiment are arranged in a W-shaped double row manner, a plurality of cavities are formed between the heat absorbing pipes 13, and the heat absorbing pipe heat storage components 222 are arranged in the cavities between the heat absorbing pipes, so that on one hand, the heat dissipation loss of the heat absorber can be reduced by utilizing the cavity effect, on the other hand, when the sunlight reflected by the solar field irradiates the light receiving surface of the heat absorbing screen, the sunlight irradiates the heat absorbing pipe heat storage components 222, so that the heat absorbing pipe heat storage components 222 are heated, and when the temperature of chemical reaction is reached, the solar radiation energy can be converted into chemical energy of thermochemical substances for storage, so that the heat storage effect is realized; in addition, the reasonable control of the distance between the heat absorption pipes 13 can increase the light receiving area as much as possible, and reduce the heat dissipation loss.
Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the heat storage assembly 222 of the heat absorption pipe includes a thermochemical module 2221 and a card holder 2222, the card holder 2222 is located at the lower end of the heat storage assembly 222 of the heat absorption pipe and is located outside the header insulation device 21, and the cross-sectional shape of the card holder 2222 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the thermochemical module 2221. The card holder 2222 functions to prevent the thermochemical substances from falling off.
Still further, the thermochemical modules 2221 are individual block structures that are placed on the card holder and gradually build up vertically along the heat absorbing pipe 13. The thermochemical module 2221 is of a self-contained block-like construction that facilitates manufacturing, assembly, disassembly, and replacement.
Meanwhile, a high-temperature resistant selective absorption coating is arranged on the light receiving surface of the heat absorption tube 13. When the heat absorption tube 13 receives sunlight irradiation, the surface temperature rises sharply, and the high-temperature-resistant selective absorption coating is coated to facilitate the photo-thermal conversion of the heat absorber on the one hand and prevent the damage of the coating caused by high temperature on the other hand.
As a specific example:
The heat absorption tube heating assembly 221 is divided into three layers from outside to inside, namely a heat insulation layer 2211, a heating cable 2212 and a metal plate 2213. The metal plate 2213 has good thermal conductivity, is mounted on the back of the heat absorption tube 13, can improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heating cable 2212 to the heat absorption tube 13, and the heat insulation layer 2211 covers the heating cable 2212 and the metal plate 2213, so that heat loss can be reduced.
Further, the heating cable 2212 is arranged above the metal plate 2213 in a wave-shaped bend, and the heating cable 2212 heats the heat absorbing pipe 13 more uniformly in a wave-shaped arrangement.
In addition, the heat insulation layer 2211 is fixedly connected with the metal plate 2213, and an aluminum silicate material with a heat conductivity coefficient smaller than 0.12W/(m.K) is adopted, the heat insulation layer 2211 is fixedly connected with the metal plate 2213, so that the heating cable 2212 can be clamped in the middle to achieve the effects of fixing, protecting and heat insulation, the aluminum silicate material is small in heat conductivity coefficient and small in heat dissipation, and a better heat insulation effect can be achieved.
As a specific example:
The cross section of the header insulation device 21 is polygonal, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 is parallel to the side surface of the header insulation device 21, the working surface surrounds the upper header 11, the lower header 12 and the connecting pipe 14, and the back of the working surface is fixedly connected with the shell 211. The wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 is parallel to the side surface of the header heat preservation device 21, so that the inner space of the header heat preservation device 21 can be more reasonably utilized, the area of the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 is increased as much as possible, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 and the header are oppositely arranged to heat the header, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 and the connecting pipe 14 are correspondingly arranged to heat the connecting pipe 14, and molten salt condensation blockage is prevented.
The sealing layer 213 is provided with a highly reflective coating on the side facing the header surface. The highly reflective coating layer on the surface of the sealing layer 213 is used to reflect infrared rays emitted from the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214, enhancing the heating effect of the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214.
Referring to fig. 6, as one specific embodiment:
The heat absorption pipes 13 are arranged in a single row, and heat absorption pipe heat storage components 222 are arranged between adjacent heat absorption pipes 13.
The heat absorption tubes 13 of the embodiment have simple arrangement structure, no shielding exists between adjacent heat collection tubes 13, and the heat absorption efficiency is high.
The tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity provided by the invention has the following characteristics in use:
the tower type solar heat absorber with heat storage capacity is provided with a heat absorption screen for heating and heat preservation, and a heat absorption pipe is blocked, and the functions are mainly realized through a header heat preservation device 21 and a heat absorption pipe heat storage and preservation device 22.
After the heat absorber is started, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 in the header insulation 21 and the heat absorption tube heating assembly 221 of the heat absorption tube heat storage insulation 22 are started synchronously.
The wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 transmits radiant energy in the form of infrared rays to the header and the connection pipe 14, heating the header and the connection pipe 14; the housing 211, the heat insulating layer 212 and the sealing layer 213 can play roles in slowing down heat dissipation and preventing external rainwater from flowing in, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate 214 is fixed on the housing 211 through a metal bracket, the connection is stable, and the connection between the heat insulating layer 212, the sealing layer 213 and the housing 211 is facilitated to be reinforced.
The heat absorption tube heating component 221 at the back of the heat absorption tube 13 can uniformly heat the heat absorption tube 13 and the heat absorption tube heat storage component 222, when the sunlight reflected by the solar field irradiates the light receiving surface of the heat absorption screen, the sunlight irradiates the heat absorption tube heat storage component 222, so that the heat absorption tube heat storage component 222 is heated to the temperature at which chemical reaction occurs, and then the solar radiation energy is converted into chemical energy of thermochemical substances, thereby realizing heat storage; when the weather changes and the heat flux density received by the heat absorbing screen is reduced, the wall temperature of the heat absorbing pipe 13 and the temperature of the heat absorbing pipe heat storage component 222 are reduced, and when the temperature of the heat absorbing pipe heat storage component 222 is lower than the temperature required by chemical reaction, thermochemical substances in the heat absorbing pipe heat storage component 222 are subjected to oxidation reaction, and the chemical energy stored previously is released in the form of heat energy to heat the heat absorbing pipe 13 and molten salt in the heat absorbing pipe 13, so that the temperature drop rate of the wall of the heat absorbing pipe 13 is reduced, the temperature drop time of the molten salt is prolonged, and the condensation and blockage of a pipeline are prevented.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that in the foregoing embodiments, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The technical solutions claimed in the claims of the present application can be basically implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the above embodiments. Accordingly, in actual practice, various changes may be made in the form and details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. Tower solar heat absorber with heat storage ability, including heat absorbing screen (1), heat absorbing screen (1) stand up and around the central circumference of heat absorber arrangement, its characterized in that:
The heat absorbing screen (1) comprises an upper header (11), a lower header (12) and heat absorbing pipes (13) fixedly connected with the upper header (11) and the lower header (12) through connecting pipes (14) in a row; the heat absorption screen (1) is also provided with a heat storage and insulation device (2), the heat storage and insulation device (2) comprises a header heat insulation device (21) and a heat absorption pipe heat storage and insulation device (22), the header heat insulation device (21) surrounds the upper header (11), the lower header (12) and the connecting pipe (14) in the interior, the header heat insulation device (21) is divided into four layers from outside to inside, and comprises a shell (211), a heat insulation layer (212), a sealing layer (213) and a wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate (214) in sequence; the heat absorption pipe heat storage and insulation device (22) is arranged at the backlight side of the heat absorption pipe (13) and comprises a heat absorption pipe heating component (221) which is closely attached to the wall of the backlight surface of the heat absorption pipe (13) and a heat absorption pipe heat storage component (222) which is arranged between the adjacent heat absorption pipes (13),
The heat absorbing screen (1) is characterized in that adjacent heat absorbing pipes (13) are arranged in W-shaped double rows, a first row of heat absorbing pipes (131) is arranged close to a light receiving surface, the other row of heat absorbing pipes (132) is arranged in the second row of heat absorbing pipes (132), the number of the second row of heat absorbing pipes (132) is one more than that of the first row of heat absorbing pipes (131), the distance X between the axes of the adjacent heat absorbing pipes (13) in each row is 1.5-2.5 times the outer diameter of the heat absorbing pipes (13), the longitudinal distance Y between the axes of the first row of heat absorbing pipes (131) and the adjacent second row of heat absorbing pipes (132) is 1-1.5 times the outer diameter of the heat absorbing pipes (13), the pipe wall of the back surface of the second row of heat absorbing pipes (132) is in contact with a heat absorbing pipe heating assembly (221), two adjacent heat absorbing pipes (13) in the second row and the first row of heat absorbing pipes (131) arranged between the two heat absorbing pipes (13) form a cavity structure, the heat absorbing pipe assembly (222) is arranged in the cavity structure, and the heat absorbing pipe assembly (222) is not in contact with the adjacent heat absorbing pipes (222).
2. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 1, wherein:
The heat absorption pipe heat storage assembly (222) comprises a thermochemical module (2221) and a clamping support (2222), the clamping support (2222) is located at the lower end of the heat absorption pipe heat storage assembly (222) and is located outside the header heat preservation device (21), and the cross section shape of the clamping support (2222) is consistent with that of the thermochemical module (2221).
3. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 2, wherein:
the thermochemical modules (2221) are independent block structures which are placed on the card support and gradually build up along the vertical direction of the heat absorption pipe (13).
4. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 1, wherein:
a high-temperature resistant selective absorption coating is arranged on the light-receiving surface of the heat absorption tube (13).
5. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 1, wherein:
The heat absorption tube heating assembly (221) comprises three layers from outside to inside, namely a heat insulation layer (2211), a heating cable (2212) and a metal plate (2213) in sequence.
6. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 5, wherein:
The heating cable (2212) is arranged in a wave-shaped bend above the metal plate (2213).
7. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 5, wherein:
The heat insulation layer (2211) is fixedly connected with the metal plate (2213), and an aluminum silicate material with a heat conductivity coefficient smaller than 0.12W/(m.K) is adopted.
8. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 1, wherein:
the cross section of the header heat preservation device (21) is polygonal, the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate (214) is parallel to the side face of the header heat preservation device (21), the working face of the wall-mounted electric heat radiation plate surrounds the upper header (11), the lower header (12) and the connecting pipe (14), and the back of the working face is fixedly connected with the shell (211).
9. The tower solar heat absorber with thermal storage capability of claim 1, wherein:
the sealing layer (213) is provided with a highly reflective coating on the surface side facing the header.
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