JP2673955B2 - Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy - Google Patents

Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

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Publication number
JP2673955B2
JP2673955B2 JP62069882A JP6988287A JP2673955B2 JP 2673955 B2 JP2673955 B2 JP 2673955B2 JP 62069882 A JP62069882 A JP 62069882A JP 6988287 A JP6988287 A JP 6988287A JP 2673955 B2 JP2673955 B2 JP 2673955B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ring
alloy
wear
work
strength
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62069882A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63238248A (en
Inventor
英俊 阿久津
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Materials Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Priority to JP62069882A priority Critical patent/JP2673955B2/en
Priority to KR1019880002323A priority patent/KR910009871B1/en
Priority to DE3809994A priority patent/DE3809994C3/en
Publication of JPS63238248A publication Critical patent/JPS63238248A/en
Priority to US07/416,867 priority patent/US4995924A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2673955B2 publication Critical patent/JP2673955B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、特に相手部材との当り面の初期なじみ性
にすぐれ、かつ耐摩耗性にもすぐれたCu系合金製変速機
用同期リングに関するものである。 〔従来の技術〕 従来、一般に、変速機用同期リングは、第1図に斜視
図で例示されるように、内面1が回転するテーパーコー
ンとの当り面となり、この当り面に相手部材たるテーパ
ーコーンが高面圧下で断続的に面接触し、一方外周面に
はキーが嵌合するキー溝3が形成され、さらに、その外
縁にそって所定間隔おきに設けたチャンファ2が同じく
相手部材たるハブスリーブのチャンファとかみ合う機能
ももつことから、強度、耐摩耗性、および相手部材との
なじみ性を具備することが要求され、したがってその製
造には、これらの特性をもった高力黄銅が多用されてい
る。なお、同期リングには、この他にネジが外周側につ
き、この外周側で相手部材であるテーパーコーンと摩擦
する、通称ピンタイプのものがある。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかし、近年の変速機の高出力化に伴い、上記の従来
高力黄銅製同期リングにおいては、特に上記のテーパー
コーンやキー、さらにハブスリーブのチャンファのうち
の少なくともいずれかの相手部材との当り面は高面圧を
受けるようになるため、初期なじみ性が低下し、これに
よって輝面摩耗や凝着摩耗などによる異常摩耗が多発す
るようになり、使用寿命短命化の原因となっている。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 そこで、本発明者等は、上記のような従来高力黄銅製
変速機用同期リングのもつ問題点を解決すべく研究を行
なった結果、重量%で(以下%は重量%を示す)、 Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Tiおよび/またはZr:0.8〜3%、 Ni:0.1〜4%、Mn:0.1〜0.2%未満、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成を有す
るCu系合金で構成し、かつ相手部材との当り面の所要個
所、すなわちテーパーコーンやキー、さらにハブスリー
ブのチャンファのうちの少なくともいずれかの相手部材
との当り面に、ショットブラスト加工や冷間プレスを用
いる押付け加工などにより平均層厚で5〜300μmの加
工硬化層を形成したCu合金製変速機用同期リングにおい
ては、変速機の高出力化に伴う高面圧下での使用条件で
も、すぐれた初期なじみ性を示し、使用初期における異
常摩耗の発生が抑制されるようになるという知見を得た
のである。 この発明は、上記知見にもとづいてなされたものであ
って、成分組成および加工硬化層の平均層厚を上記の通
りに限定した理由を説明する。 (a) ZnおよびAl これらの成分は、合金の素地組織を決定する成分であ
って、素地の耐摩耗性を向上させると共に、同期リング
に必要な強度と靭性を付与し、さらに、疲労強度と耐力
にすぐれ、局部的高温加熱に伴う塑性流動による凝着
(焼付き)を防止し、もって初期異常摩耗を防止して、
初期なじみ性を向上させる加工硬化層をリング表面に形
成するのに不可欠な成分であるが、その含有量がZn:20
%未満およびAl:2%未満では、前記特性を確保すること
ができないばかりでなく、前記の特性を具備した加工硬
化層を形成するのが困難になり、一方その含有量がZn:4
0%およびAl:8%を越えると、靭性に低下するようにな
ることから、その含有量をZn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%と
定めた。 (b) TiおよびZrと、Ni Tiおよび/またはZrと、Niとは、素地に微細に分散す
る金属間化合物を形成して、同期リングに要求される強
度および靭性を損なうことなく、耐摩耗性を向上させる
作用があるが、その含有量が、それぞれ0.8%未満およ
び0.1%未満では前記作用に所望の効果が得られず、一
方その含有量がそれぞれ3%をおよび4%を越えると、
金属間化合物の量が多くなりすぎて、切削性が低下する
ようになることから、その含有量を、Ti,Zrについて0.8
〜3%、Niについては、0.1〜4%と定めた。 (c) Mn Mn成分には、素地に固溶して、これを強化すると共
に、金属間化合物を微細球状化し、もって耐摩耗性を向
上させる作用があるが、その含有量が0.1%未満では前
記作用に所望の向上効果が得られず、一方その含有量が
0.2%以上になっても前記作用に著しい向上効果が現わ
れないことから、その含有量を0.1〜0.2%未満と定め
た。 (d) 加工硬化層 加工硬化層は、上記のようにショットブラストやサン
ドブラスト加工、さらに例えばリングのテーパーコーン
摩擦面だけに設ける場合には、鋼製ダイスを用いて、冷
間プレスにて押付け加工を行なうことなどにより形成で
き、このように形成した加工硬化層は、これのもつ成分
組成と合まって、すぐれた疲労強度と耐力をもつように
なることから、局部的高温加熱に対してすぐれた耐塑性
流動性を示し、この結果焼付けなどが抑制されることか
ら初期異常摩耗が防止され、すぐれた初期なじみ性を示
すようになるが、その平均層厚が5μm未満では所望の
効果が得られず、一方300μmを越えた平均層厚にして
も効果を確保することができないことから、その平均層
厚を5〜300μmと定めた。 〔実施例〕 つぎに、この発明の同期リングを実施例により具体的
に説明する。 通常の高周波炉を用い、それぞれ第1,2表に示される
成分組成をもったCu系合金溶湯を調製し、金型鋳造に
て、直径:200mmφ×長さ:400mmのビレットを形成し、こ
のビレットを押出しプレスにて直径:60mmφの丸棒に押
出し、この丸棒を所定の長さに切断した後、切断片に60
0〜750℃の範囲内の温度にて熱間鍛造を施し、さらに切
削加工を施し、引続いて大気中で、直径:10〜300μmの
SiC製ビーズと鋼製ビーズの混合ビーズ(SiC:50容量
%)を用いて、ショットブラスト加工を施して、同じく
第1表に示される平均層厚の加工硬化層を表面全体に形
成することによって、内径:58mmφ×厚さ:4mmの寸法を
もち、かつチャンファ数:36個の本発明同期リング1〜1
2および比較同期リング1〜8をそれぞれ製造した。 なお、比較同期リング1〜8は、成分組成および加工
硬化層の平均層圧のうちいずれかの条件(第2表に※印
を付したもの)がこの発明の範囲から外れたものであ
る。 つぎに、この結果得られた各種の同期リングについ
て、 相手部材たるテーパーコーンの回転数:1200r.p.m.、 押付け荷重:55kg、 油:80番ミッションオイル、 油温:75℃、 テーパーコーンの作動:0.2〜0.3秒の同期時間で20000
回、 の条件でシンクロ耐久試験を行ない、リング内面におけ
る落ち込み量(摩耗量)、凝着摩耗の有無、初期(500
回まで)および後期(安定期)の摩擦係数をそれぞれ測
定および観察し、さらに、 相手部材たるテーパーコーンの回転数:2000r.p.m.、 押付け荷重:90kg、 油:80番ミッションオイル、 油温:70℃ テーパーコーンの作動:0.25〜0.3秒の同期時間で5000
回、 の条件でシンクロ耐久試験を行ない、リングにおけるワ
レおよび変形の有無を観察した。これらの効果を第3表
に示した。 〔発明の効果〕 第1〜3表に示される結果から、本発明同期リング1
〜12は、いずれも高強度および高靭性を有し、特に高面
圧条件にもかかわらず、実用初期におけるなじみ性にす
ぐれ、異常摩耗の発生もなく、すぐれた耐摩耗性を示す
のに対して、比較同期リング1〜8に見られるように、
構成要件のうちのいずれかの要件でもこの発明の範囲か
ら外れると、前記特性のうち少なくともいずれかの特性
が劣ったものになることが明らかである。なお、ピンタ
イプの同期リングでも同様な結果が得られることは勿論
である。 上述のように、この発明のCu系合金製変速機用同期リ
ングは、高強度と高靭性を有し、特に初期なじみ性にす
ぐれ、変速機の高出力化に伴う苛酷な条件下で実用に際
しても、輝面摩耗や凝着摩耗などの異常摩耗の発生がな
く、すぐれた耐摩耗性を著しく長期に亘って発揮するの
である。
Description: [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a synchronizing ring for a transmission made of Cu-based alloy, which is particularly excellent in initial conformability of a contact surface with a mating member and is also excellent in wear resistance. It is a thing. [Prior Art] Conventionally, generally, in a transmission synchronization ring, as shown in a perspective view in FIG. 1, an inner surface 1 serves as a contact surface with a rotating tapered cone, and a taper as a mating member is attached to the contact surface. The cones make surface contact intermittently under a high surface pressure, and on the other hand, a key groove 3 into which a key is fitted is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and chamfers 2 provided at predetermined intervals along the outer edge are also counterpart members. Since it also has the function of engaging with the chamfer of the hub sleeve, it is required to have strength, wear resistance, and compatibility with the mating member. Therefore, high-strength brass having these characteristics is often used for its manufacture. Has been done. In addition, there is another type of the synchronous ring having a so-called pin type in which a screw is provided on an outer peripheral side and friction occurs with a tapered cone as a mating member on the outer peripheral side. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with the recent increase in output of transmissions, in the above conventional high-strength brass synchronizing ring, among the above tapered cones and keys, and chamfers of hub sleeves. Since the contact surface with at least one of the mating members will be subjected to high surface pressure, the initial conformability will decrease, and this will cause abnormal wear due to bright surface wear, adhesive wear, etc. This is the cause of shortening the life. [Means for Solving Problems] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention conducted research to solve the problems of the conventional high-strength brass transmission synchronizing ring as described above, and as a result, The following% indicates% by weight), Zn: 20 to 40%, Al: 2 to 8%, Ti and / or Zr: 0.8 to 3%, Ni: 0.1 to 4%, Mn: 0.1 to less than 0.2%, Consists of a Cu-based alloy having a composition of Cu and the rest consisting of unavoidable impurities, and at least one of the required points on the contact surface with the mating member, that is, the taper cone or key, and the chamfer of the hub sleeve. In a Cu alloy transmission synchronizing ring made of a Cu alloy, the work hardened layer having an average layer thickness of 5 to 300 μm is formed on the contact surface with the mating member by shot blasting or pressing using a cold press. Excellent initial condition even under high operating pressure conditions Shows the bleeding resistance, it was obtained a finding that occurrence of abnormal wear in initial use is suppressed. The present invention was made based on the above findings, and the reason why the component composition and the average layer thickness of the work-hardened layer are limited as described above will be explained. (A) Zn and Al These components are components that determine the base metal structure of the alloy, improve the wear resistance of the base material, impart the strength and toughness required for the synchronizing ring, and further improve the fatigue strength. It has excellent proof strength and prevents adhesion (seizure) due to plastic flow due to local high temperature heating, thus preventing initial abnormal wear.
Zn: 20 is an essential component for forming a work-hardened layer on the ring surface that improves initial conformability.
% And Al: less than 2%, not only the above properties cannot be secured, but it becomes difficult to form a work-hardened layer having the above properties, while its content is Zn: 4
When the content exceeds 0% and Al: 8%, the toughness is deteriorated. Therefore, the content is defined as Zn: 20-40% and Al: 2-8%. (B) Ti and Zr, Ni Ti and / or Zr, and Ni form an intermetallic compound that is finely dispersed in the base material, and wear resistance without impairing the strength and toughness required for the synchronizing ring. However, if the content is less than 0.8% and less than 0.1%, the desired effect cannot be obtained, and if the content exceeds 3% and 4%, respectively.
Since the amount of the intermetallic compound becomes too large and the machinability comes to decrease, the content is set to 0.8 for Ti and Zr.
.About.3%, and for Ni, 0.1 to 4%. (C) Mn The Mn component has a function of forming a solid solution in the matrix to strengthen it and to make the intermetallic compound fine spheroidizing, thereby improving wear resistance, but if the content is less than 0.1% The desired improving effect cannot be obtained in the above action, while the content is
Even if the content is 0.2% or more, the effect is not significantly improved, so the content is set to 0.1 to less than 0.2%. (D) Work-hardened layer The work-hardened layer is shot-blasted or sand-blasted as described above, and when it is provided only on the taper cone friction surface of the ring, for example, it is pressed by a cold press using a steel die. The work-hardened layer formed in this way has excellent fatigue strength and proof strength in combination with the component composition of the work-hardened layer. It exhibits excellent plastic flow resistance, and as a result, seizure is suppressed, so that initial abnormal wear is prevented and excellent initial conformability is exhibited. However, if the average layer thickness is less than 5 μm, the desired effect is obtained. However, even if the average layer thickness exceeds 300 μm, the effect cannot be secured. Therefore, the average layer thickness is set to 5 to 300 μm. [Embodiment] Next, the synchronization ring of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to an embodiment. Using a normal high-frequency furnace, to prepare a Cu-based alloy molten metal having the composition shown in Table 1 and 2, respectively, by die casting, to form a billet of diameter: 200mm φ × length: 400mm, This billet is extruded into a round bar with a diameter of 60 mm φ by an extrusion press, cut into a predetermined length, and then cut into 60 pieces.
Hot forging is performed at a temperature within the range of 0 to 750 ° C, further cutting is performed, and subsequently in the atmosphere, the diameter is 10 to 300 μm.
By using a mixed bead of SiC beads and steel beads (SiC: 50% by volume), shot blasting is performed to form a work-hardened layer having the average layer thickness shown in Table 1 on the entire surface. , Inner diameter: 58 mm φ × thickness: 4 mm, and the number of chamfers: 36 according to the present invention synchronization ring 1-1
2 and comparative sync rings 1-8 were manufactured respectively. In the comparative synchronizing rings 1 to 8, any one of the component composition and the average layer pressure of the work-hardened layer (the one marked with * in Table 2) is out of the range of the present invention. Next, for each of the various synchronization rings obtained as a result of this, the rotation speed of the taper cone that is the mating member: 1200 rpm, pressing load: 55 kg, oil: 80 mission oil, oil temperature: 75 ° C, operation of the taper cone: 20000 with 0.2-0.3 seconds sync time
Synchro durability test is performed under the conditions of, and the amount of depression (wear amount) on the inner surface of the ring, the presence or absence of adhesive wear, and the initial (500
Friction coefficient in the second period (stable period) and in the latter period (stable period), respectively. ° C Taper cone operation: 5000 with synchronization time of 0.25-0.3 seconds
The synchro durability test was performed under the following conditions, and the presence or absence of cracks and deformation in the ring was observed. These effects are shown in Table 3. 〔The invention's effect〕 From the results shown in Tables 1 to 3, the present invention synchronization ring 1
Nos. 12 to 12 have high strength and high toughness, and have excellent wear resistance in the initial stage of practical use, no abnormal wear, and excellent wear resistance despite the high surface pressure condition. Then, as seen in the comparison synchronization rings 1-8,
When any of the constituents is out of the scope of the present invention, it is clear that at least one of the above characteristics becomes inferior. It is needless to say that a similar result can be obtained with a pin type synchronous ring. As described above, the Cu-based alloy transmission synchronizing ring of the present invention has high strength and high toughness, is particularly excellent in initial conformability, and is put into practical use under severe conditions associated with higher output of the transmission. However, no abnormal wear such as bright surface wear and adhesive wear occurs, and excellent wear resistance is exhibited over a long period of time.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第1図は変速機用同期リングを例示する斜視図である。 1……テーパーコーン摩擦面(内面)、 2……チャンファ、3……キー溝。[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a synchronous ring for a transmission. 1 ... Tapered cone friction surface (inner surface), 2 ... Champha, 3 ... Keyway.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 1.Zn:20〜40%、Al:2〜8%、 Tiおよび/またはZr:0.8〜3%、 Ni:0.1〜4%、Mn:0.1〜0.2%未満、 を含有し、残りがCuと不可避不純物からなる組成(以上
重量%)を有するCu系合金で構成され、かつ相手部材と
の当り面の所要個所に、加工硬化層を5〜300μmの平
均層厚で形成してなるCu系合金製変速機用同期リング。
(57) [Claims] Zn: 20 to 40%, Al: 2 to 8%, Ti and / or Zr: 0.8 to 3%, Ni: 0.1 to 4%, Mn: 0.1 to less than 0.2%, and the rest Cu and unavoidable impurities Made of a Cu-based alloy having a composition of (at least by weight), and a work-hardened layer is formed at a required position on the contact surface with the mating member with an average layer thickness of 5 to 300 μm Sync ring for aircraft.
JP62069882A 1987-03-24 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy Expired - Lifetime JP2673955B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62069882A JP2673955B2 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy
KR1019880002323A KR910009871B1 (en) 1987-03-24 1988-03-05 Cu-alloy ring
DE3809994A DE3809994C3 (en) 1987-03-25 1988-03-24 Synchronizer ring based on a copper alloy for use in speed controllers
US07/416,867 US4995924A (en) 1987-03-24 1989-10-04 Synchronizer ring in speed variator made of copper-base alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62069882A JP2673955B2 (en) 1987-03-25 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63238248A JPS63238248A (en) 1988-10-04
JP2673955B2 true JP2673955B2 (en) 1997-11-05

Family

ID=13415573

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP62069882A Expired - Lifetime JP2673955B2 (en) 1987-03-24 1987-03-25 Synchronous ring for transmission made of Cu alloy

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2673955B2 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6086236A (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-15 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Cu-alloy for slide member
JPS6086237A (en) * 1983-10-18 1985-05-15 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Cu-alloy for slide member
JPS60114545A (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-06-21 Kobe Steel Ltd Wear resistant copper alloy
JPS60149754A (en) * 1984-01-13 1985-08-07 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The Manufacture of corrosion and fatigue resistant copper and copper alloy pipes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63238248A (en) 1988-10-04

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