JP3344120B2 - Copper alloy synchronizer ring for automotive transmission with excellent seizure resistance - Google Patents
Copper alloy synchronizer ring for automotive transmission with excellent seizure resistanceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3344120B2 JP3344120B2 JP27582294A JP27582294A JP3344120B2 JP 3344120 B2 JP3344120 B2 JP 3344120B2 JP 27582294 A JP27582294 A JP 27582294A JP 27582294 A JP27582294 A JP 27582294A JP 3344120 B2 JP3344120 B2 JP 3344120B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- synchronizer ring
- weight
- copper alloy
- seizure resistance
- hardness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/025—Synchro rings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、耐焼き付き性の優れ
た自動車変速機の銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングに関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy for an automobile transmission having excellent seizure resistance.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、Ｚｎ：３５〜３９重量％、Ａｌ：
２．５〜３．５重量％、Ｎｉ：２．０〜３．０重量％、
Ｔｉ：１．０〜２．０重量％、Ｍｇ：０．１〜０．５重
量％を含有し、残りがＣｕおよび不可避不純物からなる
組成を有する銅合金は知られており、かかる銅合金は自
動車変速機のシンクロナイザーリングの部材として使用
されることも知られている（特開昭６４−５５３４７号
公報）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, Zn: 35 to 39% by weight, Al:
2.5-3.5% by weight, Ni: 2.0-3.0% by weight,
Copper alloys containing 1.0 to 2.0% by weight of Ti and 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of Mg and having a balance of Cu and unavoidable impurities are known. It is also known to be used as a member of a synchronizer ring of an automobile transmission (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-55347).
【０００３】この銅合金を部材とした従来のシンクロナ
イザーリングは、前記成分組成を有する銅合金のインゴ
ットを作製し、このインゴットを押し出し加工して円筒
材に成形し、この円筒材を所定の長さに切断し、切断片
を６００〜７５０℃の範囲内の所定の温度にて熱間鍛造
してシンクロナイザーリング形状に成形し、さらに切削
加工して所定の精密寸法を有するシンクロナイザーリン
グに仕上げることにより製造される。このようにして製
造された従来の銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングは、通
常、摺動面のビッカース硬さが２４０Ｈｖを越えてい
る。In a conventional synchronizer ring using this copper alloy as a member, a copper alloy ingot having the above-mentioned composition is prepared, and the ingot is extruded and formed into a cylindrical material. Then, the cut piece is hot forged at a predetermined temperature within a range of 600 to 750 ° C. to form a synchronizer ring shape, and further cut to finish a synchronizer ring having a predetermined precision dimension. It is manufactured by The conventional copper alloy synchronizer ring manufactured in this manner usually has a Vickers hardness of the sliding surface exceeding 240 Hv.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一方、近年、エンジン
はますます高出力化し、それに伴い、自動車変速機のシ
ンクロナイザーリングも高荷重および高回転など過酷な
条件の運転を強いられている。ところが、従来の銅合金
製シンクロナイザーリングは、耐摩耗性に優れているも
ののかかる高荷重および高回転の運転条件下では、相手
部材であるテーパーコーンとの間に焼き付きが発生しや
すく、これが原因で摩耗が進行し、比較的短時間で使用
寿命に至るなどの問題が生じていた。On the other hand, in recent years, the output of engines has become increasingly higher, and accordingly, synchronizer rings of automobile transmissions have been required to operate under severe conditions such as high load and high rotation. However, conventional copper alloy synchronizer rings have excellent abrasion resistance, but under high load and high rotation operating conditions, seizure easily occurs with the counterpart taper cone. Wear has progressed, and problems such as a short service life have been caused in a relatively short time.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者等は、
かかる観点から高荷重および高回転など過酷な条件の運
転を強いられても焼き付きが発生しない自動車変速機の
銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングを得るべく研究を行っ
た結果、最終的に切削加工して精密な寸法に仕上げられ
た従来の銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングをさらに焼鈍
し、ビッカース硬さ：１９０〜２１０Ｈｖに下げると、
耐焼き付き性が大幅に向上するという知見を得たのであ
る。Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present inventors have
From this point of view, we conducted research to obtain a copper alloy synchronizer ring for an automobile transmission that does not cause seizure even when forced to operate under severe conditions such as high load and high rotation. The conventional copper alloy synchronizer ring finished to various dimensions is further annealed to reduce the Vickers hardness to 190 to 210 Hv.
It was found that the seizure resistance was greatly improved.
【０００６】この発明は、かかる知見にもとづいてなさ
れたものであって、Ｚｎ：３５〜３９重量％、Ａｌ：
２．５〜３．５重量％、Ｎｉ：２．０５〜３．０重量
％、Ｔｉ：１．０〜２．０重量％、Ｍｇ：０．１〜０．
５重量％を含有し、残りがＣｕおよび不可避不純物から
なる組成を有する銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングにお
いて、前記銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングの摺動面の
ビッカース硬さが１９０〜２１０Ｈｖの範囲内にある耐
焼き付き性に優れた自動車変速機の銅合金製シンクロナ
イザーリングに特徴を有するものである。The present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and it has been found that Zn: 35 to 39% by weight and Al:
2.5 to 3.5% by weight, Ni: 2.05 to 3.0% by weight, Ti: 1.0 to 2.0% by weight, Mg: 0.1 to 0.
In a synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy containing 5% by weight and a balance of Cu and unavoidable impurities, the Vickers hardness of the sliding surface of the synchronizer ring made of the copper alloy is in the range of 190 to 210 Hv. The present invention is characterized by a synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy of an automobile transmission having excellent seizure resistance.
【０００７】自動車変速機の銅合金製シンクロナイザー
リングのビッカース硬さが１９０〜２１０Ｈｖであると
耐焼き付き性が向上する理由として、最終的に切削加工
して精密な寸法に仕上げられた従来の銅合金製シンクロ
ナイザーリングの表面には、仕上げ切削加工により厚
さ：０．１〜０．５ｍｍの加工歪みによる硬化層が形成
され、かかる硬化層が存在すると片当りが発生しやす
く、片当りが発生すると、局部的に極めて高い面圧とな
って焼き付きが発生するが、切削加工により仕上げられ
た銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングに、さらに焼鈍を施
すと、加工歪みによる硬化層が消滅し、片当りが防止さ
れて耐焼き付き性が向上するものと考えられる。When the Vickers hardness of the synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy of an automobile transmission is 190 to 210 Hv, the reason why the seizure resistance is improved is that a conventional copper finished to a precise size by being finally cut. On the surface of the synchronizer ring made of alloy, a hardened layer due to processing strain having a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm is formed by finish cutting. When it occurs, the surface pressure becomes extremely high locally and seizure occurs, but if further annealing is performed on the copper alloy synchronizer ring finished by cutting, the hardened layer due to processing distortion disappears and Is considered to be prevented and seizure resistance is improved.
【０００８】つぎに、この発明の耐焼き付き性に優れた
自動車変速機のシンクロナイザーリングを構成する銅合
金の成分組成および硬さを上記のごとく限定した理由に
ついて説明する。Next, the reason why the component composition and hardness of the copper alloy constituting the synchronizer ring of the automobile transmission having excellent seizure resistance according to the present invention are limited as described above will be described.
【０００９】ＺｎおよびＡｌ これら成分には、Ｃｕに共存して固溶し、合金の硬さを
向上させる作用があるが、その含有量がそれぞれＺｎ：
３５重量％未満およびＡｌ：２．５重量％未満では所望
の硬さを確保することができず、一方、これら含有量が
それぞれＺｎ：３９重量％およびＡｌ：３．５重量％を
越えて含有すると、合金が硬くなり過ぎ、耐焼き付き性
が劣化するので好ましくない。したがって、Ｚｎ：３５
〜３９重量％、Ａｌ：２．５〜３．５重量％に定めた。Zn and Al These components coexist with Cu to form a solid solution and have an effect of improving the hardness of the alloy.
If the content is less than 35% by weight and Al: less than 2.5% by weight, the desired hardness cannot be ensured. On the other hand, these contents exceed 39% by weight of Zn and 3.5% by weight of Al, respectively. Then, the alloy becomes too hard, and the seizure resistance deteriorates, which is not preferable. Therefore, Zn: 35
３９39% by weight, Al: 2.5-3.5% by weight.
【００１０】ＮｉおよびＴｉ これら成分は、共存した状態で、ＺｎおよびＡｌととも
に結合し、素地中に均一に分散する金属間化合物を形成
し、耐焼き付き性を向上させる作用があるが、その含有
量がそれぞれＮｉ：２．０５重量％未満およびＴｉ：
１．０重量％未満では所望の効果が得られず、一方、こ
れら含有量がそれぞれＮｉ：３．０重量％およびＴｉ：
２．０重量％を越えて含有すると、耐焼き付き性が劣化
するので好ましくない。したがって、Ｎｉ：２．０５〜
３．０重量％、Ｔｉ：１．０〜２．０重量％に定めた。Ni and Ti These components combine with Zn and Al in a coexisting state to form an intermetallic compound that is uniformly dispersed in the substrate, and have an effect of improving seizure resistance. Is less than 2.05% by weight of Ni and Ti:
If the content is less than 1.0% by weight, the desired effects cannot be obtained, while the contents are 3.0% by weight of Ni: and 3.0% by weight, respectively.
If the content exceeds 2.0% by weight, the seizure resistance deteriorates, which is not preferable. Therefore, Ni: 2.05-
3.0% by weight and Ti: 1.0 to 2.0% by weight.
【００１１】Ｍｇ Ｍｇは、素地に固溶して、硬さを改善する作用を有する
が、その含有量が０．１重量％未満ではその効果が得ら
れず、一方、０．５重量％を越えて含有すると、合金が
硬くなり過ぎるので好ましくない。したがって、Ｍｇの
含有量は、０．１〜０．５重量％に定めた。Mg Mg has a function of improving the hardness by forming a solid solution in the matrix, but if its content is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect cannot be obtained. Exceeding the content is not preferable because the alloy becomes too hard. Therefore, the content of Mg is set to 0.1 to 0.5% by weight.
【００１２】硬さ 合金の硬さは、自動車変速機のシンクロナイザーリング
の構造部材としてある程度必要であるが、摺動面の硬さ
が２１０Ｈｖを越えると、相手部材であるテーパーコー
ンとの間に片当りが発生しやすく、片当りが発生すると
局部的に極めて高い面圧が発生し、焼き付きが発生しや
すくなる。また、合金の硬さがビッカース硬さで１９０
Ｈｖ未満となるような比較的高温度で焼鈍を行うと脱Ｚ
ｎ現象が発生し、耐焼き付き性が劣化するので好ましく
ない。したがって、シンクロナイザーリングを構成する
銅合金の硬さは、ビッカース硬さで１９０〜２１０Ｈｖ
に定めた。Hardness The hardness of the alloy is necessary to some extent as a structural member of the synchronizer ring of the automobile transmission, but when the hardness of the sliding surface exceeds 210 Hv, the hardness between the mating member and the tapered cone is increased. One-side contact is likely to occur, and if one-side contact occurs, an extremely high surface pressure is locally generated, and image sticking is likely to occur. Also, the hardness of the alloy is 190 Vickers hardness.
If annealing is performed at a relatively high temperature below Hv, Z
This is not preferable because the n phenomenon occurs and the seizure resistance deteriorates. Therefore, the hardness of the copper alloy constituting the synchronizer ring is 190 to 210 Hv in Vickers hardness.
Determined.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】低周波溶解炉にて溶製して得られた溶湯を半
連続鋳造法にて鋳造し、表１〜表３に示される成分組成
を有し直径：２００ｍｍの寸法を有する銅合金ビレット
を作製した。この銅合金ビレットを７５０℃で熱間押し
出し加工して外径：５７ｍｍ、内径：４５ｍｍの寸法を
有する円筒体を作製し、この円筒体を輪切りにして外
径：５７ｍｍ、内径：４５ｍｍ、厚さ：１０ｍｍの寸法
を有するリング素材を切り出し、これらを７５０℃の温
度で熱間型鍛造し、仕上げ切削加工して外径：６２ｍ
ｍ、内径：５０ｍｍ、厚さ：６ｍｍの寸法を有するシン
クロナイザーリング試験片を作製した。EXAMPLE A molten metal obtained by melting in a low-frequency melting furnace was cast by a semi-continuous casting method, and a copper alloy having a component composition shown in Tables 1 to 3 and having a diameter of 200 mm was obtained. A billet was prepared. The copper alloy billet is hot-extruded at 750 ° C. to produce a cylindrical body having an outer diameter of 57 mm and an inner diameter of 45 mm, and this cylindrical body is cut into a circle to form an outer diameter: 57 mm, an inner diameter: 45 mm, and a thickness. : A ring material having a size of 10 mm is cut out, and these are subjected to hot die forging at a temperature of 750 ° C. and finish-cut to perform an outer diameter of 62 m.
A synchronizer ring test piece having dimensions of m, inner diameter: 50 mm, and thickness: 6 mm was prepared.
【００１４】この切削加工したシンクロナイザーリング
試験片を、さらに表１〜表２に示される温度で焼鈍し、
本発明シンクロナイザーリング試験片１〜１１および比
較シンクロナイザーリング試験片１〜１１を作製した。
一方、比較のために、焼鈍しないままのシンクロナイザ
ーリング試験片を従来シンクロナイザーリング試験片１
〜１１として用意した。これら本発明シンクロナイザー
リング試験片１〜１１、比較シンクロナイザーリング試
験片１〜１１および従来シンクロナイザーリング試験片
１〜１１について、摺動面のビッカース硬さを測定し、
その測定結果を表１〜表３に示したのち、下記の焼き付
き試験を行った。The synchronizer ring test piece thus cut was further annealed at the temperatures shown in Tables 1 and 2,
The synchronizer ring test pieces 1 to 11 of the present invention and the comparative synchronizer ring test pieces 1 to 11 were produced.
On the other hand, for comparison, a synchronizer ring test piece without annealing was used as a conventional synchronizer ring test piece 1.
~ 11. For these synchronizer ring test specimens 1 to 11 of the present invention, comparative synchronizer ring test specimens 1 to 11 and conventional synchronizer ring test specimens 1 to 11, the Vickers hardness of the sliding surface was measured,
After the measurement results are shown in Tables 1 to 3, the following burn-in test was performed.
【００１５】焼き付き試験 図１に示されるような、シンクロナイザーリング１を固
定するための固定装置２および回転可能な浸炭焼き入れ
鋼製のテーパーコーン３からなるシンクロナイザーリン
グ摩擦摩耗試験機を用意し、固定装置２にシンクロナイ
ザーリング１を固定したのち、ミッションオイル浴中に
Ｌの位置まで浸漬し、テーパーコーン３を５０００ｒ．
ｐ．ｍの速さで回転させ、この回転しているテーパーコ
ーン３にシンクロナイザーリング１をステップ荷重Ｐで
押し付ける。このステップ荷重Ｐは、１秒間押し付けた
後２秒間切り離し、これを１５ｋｇずつのステップで増
加させながら５００回／ステップで押し付け、試験中の
摩擦トルクの変化を測定し、摩擦トルクが急激に増大す
る押し付け荷重を焼き付き発生荷重として測定し、それ
らの測定結果を表１〜表３に示し、シンクロナイザーリ
ングの耐焼き付き性を評価した。Seizure test As shown in FIG. 1, a synchronizer ring friction and wear tester comprising a fixing device 2 for fixing a synchronizer ring 1 and a rotatable carburized hardened steel taper cone 3 is prepared. After the synchronizer ring 1 is fixed to the fixing device 2, the synchronizer ring 1 is immersed in the transmission oil bath to the position of L, and the tapered cone 3 is moved to 5000 rpm.
p. The synchronizer ring 1 is pressed against the rotating tapered cone 3 with a step load P. This step load P is pressed for 1 second, then separated for 2 seconds, and pressed at 500 times / step while increasing in steps of 15 kg each, and the change in friction torque during the test is measured, and the friction torque sharply increases. The pressing load was measured as a seizure load, and the measurement results are shown in Tables 1 to 3 to evaluate the seizure resistance of the synchronizer ring.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１７】[0017]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１８】[0018]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】表１〜表３に示される結果から、焼鈍し
てビッカース硬さを１９０〜２１０Ｈｖの範囲内にした
本発明シンクロナイザーリング試験片１〜１１は、焼鈍
しない高硬度の従来シンクロナイザーリング試験片１〜
１１に比べて、いずれも焼き付き発生荷重が大きいとこ
ろから、耐焼き付き性に優れていることが分かる。しか
し、ビッカース硬さが１９０Ｈｖよりも低い比較シンク
ロナイザーリング試験片１〜１１は耐焼き付き性に優れ
ているが、硬度が不足して変形しやすく、シンクロナイ
ザーリングとして適さないことが分かる。From the results shown in Tables 1 to 3, the synchronizer ring test specimens 1 to 11 of the present invention, which were annealed to have a Vickers hardness in the range of 190 to 210 Hv, showed that the conventional synchronizer of high hardness without annealing was used. Nizer ring test piece 1
As compared with No. 11, the load at which seizure occurred was large, which means that the seizure resistance was excellent. However, although the comparative synchronizer ring test pieces 1 to 11 having a Vickers hardness lower than 190 Hv have excellent seizure resistance, they lack hardness and are easily deformed, so that it is not suitable as a synchronizer ring.
【００２０】上述のように、この発明の自動車変速機の
銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングは、従来よりも耐焼き
付き性が優れているので高荷重および高回転運転を強い
られても十分に対応することができ、従って、使用寿命
が延び、自動車産業上優れた効果をもたらすものであ
る。As described above, the synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy for a vehicle transmission according to the present invention has better seizure resistance than the conventional one, so that it can sufficiently cope with high load and high rotation operation. Therefore, the service life is prolonged, and an excellent effect is obtained in the automobile industry.
【図１】シンクロナイザーリング試験片の焼き付きを試
験するための装置の概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for testing the burn-in of a synchronizer ring test piece.
１ シンクロナイザーリング ２ 固定装置 ３ テーパーコーン Ｐ ステップ荷重 Ｌ シンクロナイザーリングをミッションオイル浴中に
浸漬する位置1 Synchronizer ring 2 Fixing device 3 Taper cone P Step load L Position where synchronizer ring is immersed in transmission oil bath
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 不破 良雄 愛知県豊田市トヨタ町１番地 トヨタ自 動車株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−238248（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭64−55347（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−41738（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭54−65122（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C22C 9/04 F16D 23/06 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yoshio Fuwa 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Motor Corporation (56) References JP-A-63-238248 (JP, A) JP-A-64-55347 (JP, A) JP-A-61-41738 (JP, A) JP-A-54-65122 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C22C 9/04 F16D 23 / 06
Claims (1)
〜３．５重量％、Ｎｉ：２．０５〜３．０重量％、Ｔ
ｉ：１．０〜２．０重量％、Ｍｇ：０．１〜０．５重量
％を含有し、残りがＣｕおよび不可避不純物からなる組
成の銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングにおいて、 前記銅合金製シンクロナイザーリングの少なくとも摺動
面のビッカース硬さが１９０〜２１０Ｈｖの範囲内にあ
ることを特徴とする耐焼き付き性に優れた自動車変速機
の銅合金製シンクロナイザーリング。1. Zn: 35 to 39% by weight, Al: 2.5
To 3.5% by weight, Ni: 2.05 to 3.0% by weight, T
In a copper alloy synchronizer ring containing i: 1.0 to 2.0% by weight and Mg: 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities, A synchronizer ring made of a copper alloy for an automobile transmission having excellent seizure resistance, wherein the Vickers hardness of at least the sliding surface of the niser ring is in the range of 190 to 210 Hv.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27582294A JP3344120B2 (en) | 1994-10-14 | 1994-10-14 | Copper alloy synchronizer ring for automotive transmission with excellent seizure resistance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27582294A JP3344120B2 (en) | 1994-10-14 | 1994-10-14 | Copper alloy synchronizer ring for automotive transmission with excellent seizure resistance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08120370A JPH08120370A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
| JP3344120B2 true JP3344120B2 (en) | 2002-11-11 |
Family
ID=17560913
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27582294A Expired - Lifetime JP3344120B2 (en) | 1994-10-14 | 1994-10-14 | Copper alloy synchronizer ring for automotive transmission with excellent seizure resistance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3344120B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2913125A4 (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2015-10-07 | Senju Metal Industry Co | Sliding member and production method for same |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19832729B4 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2007-09-06 | Schaeffler Kg | Synchronous body with integrated pressure piece or locking element |
| WO2013146108A1 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-03 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | Sliding member |
-
1994
- 1994-10-14 JP JP27582294A patent/JP3344120B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2913125A4 (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2015-10-07 | Senju Metal Industry Co | Sliding member and production method for same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08120370A (en) | 1996-05-14 |
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