JPS60114545A - Wear resistant copper alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a Cu alloy provided with superior wear resistance and shock resistance by adding a ternary Fe-Mn-Si compound to a Cu alloy having a specified composition in a specified weight ratio. CONSTITUTION:To a Cu alloy consisting of, by weight, 15-40% Zn, 2.0-8.0% Al, 0.5-5% Mn, 0.5-5.0% Ni, 0.1-2.0% Sn, 0.5-5.0% Fe, 1.0-5.0% Si, 0.01- 1.0% Cr, 0.01-0.5% Ti and the balance Cu with inevitable impurities is added 1-15wt% ternary Fe-Mn-Si compound having 0.3-14 weight ratio each of Fe/Si and Mn/Si. The resulting Cu alloy is preferably cooled at 50-2,000 deg.C/min cooling rate when it is cast after refining. The alloy has superior wear resistance and improved mechanical properties, so it is suitable for use as the material of a synchronizer ring for an automobile or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a wear-resistant copper alloy, and more particularly to a copper alloy having excellent wear resistance as a material for equipment used under severe friction conditions.

Recently, in order to improve the fuel efficiency of automobiles, the viscosity of hydraulic oil has been reduced, and along with this, materials with excellent wear resistance are required.For example, materials with excellent wear resistance are required. A copper alloy with excellent wear resistance is desired as a material for the synchronizer ring.

Materials used for synchronizer rings, such as those used under severe friction conditions under high loads and high speeds, are required to have high wear resistance.For example, in the past, special aluminum bronze, High aluminum bronze etc. are used. However, although special aluminum bronze has good workability and toughness, it has insufficient wear resistance, and high aluminum bronze has no toughness and has insufficient wear resistance.

The present invention was developed in view of the various problems of conventional wear-resistant copper alloys used as synchronizer ring materials for automobile parts, which are used under severe friction conditions as described above. The object of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant copper alloy that has not only abrasion resistance but also excellent impact resistance and can be used as a material for equipment used under severe friction conditions.

The features of the wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention are that Z
n 15-40+uL%, AI 2.0-8,0w1
%, MnO, 5-5ut%, N i O, 5-5,0
w1%, SnO,1-2,0wt%, FeO,5
-5.0w1%, Si 1.0-5.0w1%, Cr
O, 01-1, (but%, Ti 0.01-0.5w
L%, the balance consists of Cu and unavoidable impurities, potassium, F
Contains e-Mn-8i ternary compound, Fe%Mn Si
The weight ratio is 0.3 to 14, respectively, and the content is 1
The content is set at ~15 wt%.

The components and proportions of the wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention will be explained.

Zn is an element that provides wear resistance and impact resistance,
If the alloy matrix is a single phase, the wear resistance will deteriorate, if it is a single β phase, it will become brittle, and if the α/deβ phase satisfies the above two properties, the content is less than 15w% and 40wt%.
This has no effect at contents exceeding Z.
The n content is 15 to 40 wt%.

A1 is an effective element for strengthening the matrix, and the content is 2
．． Below Ou+L%, this effect is low, and
．． If the O content exceeds 1%, hot workability will deteriorate. Therefore, the A1 content is set to 2.0 to 8.0+uL%.

N1 is an element that suppresses the precipitation of β phase, strengthens the matrix, and suppresses the growth of intermetallic compounds that crystallize.
If the amount is less than wt%, this effect is low; 5. If the content exceeds Ou+t%, the effect will be saturated and it will be uneconomical. Therefore, the Ni content should be 0.5 to 5.0 w1%. Sn is an element that imparts the effect of improving wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and if it is less than 0.1 wl%, this effect is low;
2. A content exceeding O+wt% results in reverse segregation of the ingot. Therefore, the Sn content is set to 0.1 to 2.0 wt%.

Cr is an element that improves wear resistance as a dispersed particle.
If the content is less than 0.01wL%, this effect will be low, and if the content exceeds 1.0w1%, the castability will deteriorate. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.01 to 1.0 uL%.

T1 is an element that changes the coarse needle crystals of the gold ILw1 compound into fine granular crystals and increases the wear resistance and V toughness, and the content is 0.
．． If it is less than 0.01wL%, the effect of dusting is low, and if it is less than 0.5wL%,
If the content exceeds k%, castability will deteriorate.

Therefore, the i content is set to 0.01-0.5 wL%.

Regarding Mn, Fe, and Si, as a result of investigating and cultivating the generated intermetallic compounds, it was found that alloys containing Fe-Mu-3i gold metal compounds were found to be similar to the known intermetallic compounds of Mn5Siz and Fe3Si, but alloys containing Fe-Mu-3i gold metal compounds were The weight ratio of Fe/Si and Mn/Si of the Fe-Mn-5i gold metal compound is E , P.J.L.
The results of A are 0.3 to 14, respectively, and the content is 1 to 15.
It was also found that the abrasion resistance and impact resistance are excellent when the carbon dioxide is %. And Mn content is less than 0.5 IIL%, Fe content is less than 0.5 wL%, Si 1. OwL%
If the Mn is less than 5wL, the above-mentioned effect is low;
%, Fe 5.0w1%, and Si 5.0w1%, this effect cannot be expected. Therefore, M11
Content is 0.5-5wL%, F'e content is 0.5-5
．． 0wt%, Si content is 1. O-5,0w1%.

Add one or more selected from among PSZr and Ca to the pond containing these ingredients in a total of 0.001 to I11 [
%, but these elements will be explained below.

P is an element that improves wear resistance by becoming Cu and P. If the content is less than 0,005 wL%, this effect is low, and if it exceeds 0.1 wL%, the toughness decreases.

Therefore, the P content is set to 0.005 to 0.1 wL%.

Zr forms a composite compound with existing precipitates and improves wear resistance, but this effect is low when the content is less than 0.01 wL%, and the effect is saturated and uneconomical when the content exceeds 1 wL%. be. Therefore, the Zr content is 0.01~1wt
%.

Ca is an element that improves machinability, and the content is 0.00
This effect is low at less than 1wL%, and 0.1wL%
If the content exceeds this, the toughness will deteriorate. Therefore, the Ca content is set to 0.001-0.1 wL%.

Next, when casting the wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention after melting, it is necessary to control the cooling rate; if the cooling rate is less than 50°C/min, intermetallic compounds will grow and become coarse crystals. Since both wear resistance and toughness decrease, a faster cooling rate is preferable, but a cooling rate substantially exceeding 2000°C/min is uneconomical because the effect is saturated. Therefore, the cooling rate during casting is 50°C/min ~ 2
000°C/min.

Examples of wear-resistant copper alloys according to the present invention will be described together with comparative examples.

Example 1 An alloy having the ingredients and proportions shown in Table 1 was melted in a high-frequency melting furnace and cast into molds with different cooling rates to produce 60I.
I1m L x 60m++++w x 140mm
A tI# ingot was made, and this tI# ingot was rolled to a thickness of 55+nm and hot rolled into a plate having a thickness of 8IaIII. Furthermore, the sample was prepared by keeping it at a temperature of 650° C. for 2 hours and then rapidly cooling it in water.

Next, a test piece of 8 mm L x 25 x 50 x 1 was prepared from this plate, and after polishing with a #1000 eharpeno (-), a wear test was performed using an Okoshi type abrasion tester, and the specific wear amount was calculated. .

Wear test conditions Compatible material: SCM-21 Carburized and quenched Friction distance: 400m Final load: 3.2Kg Friction speed: 3.5111/S Table 2 shows the wear test results and mechanical properties, and Figure 1 shows the metal structure using a microscopic photograph. show. That is, it can be seen that the faster the cooling rate, the finer the intermetallic compounds and the better the wear resistance.

Example 2 An alloy having the ingredients and proportions shown in Table 3 was melted in a high-frequency melting furnace, cast into a mold, and 60++un L X 601.
An ingot of 11111111X140+n+ol was produced. The cooling rate at this time was 500-b.A wear test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1.

Figure 2 shows the wear test results, and Table 4 shows the mechanical properties.
J) has superior wear resistance compared to the comparative alloy (K), and
It can be seen that the mechanical properties are also improved.

As explained above, the wear resistance according to the present invention? The alloy with the above composition has the effect of having excellent wear resistance and impact resistance even under severe friction conditions, and is a material for automatic synchronizer rings. It is suitable as a punch.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a micrograph of the metal structure showing the effect of cooling 12 degrees on the wear-resistant copper alloy according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between wear rate and specific wear amount.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Zn15-40wL%, Al1.0-8. Ou+L%,
MuO,5-5u+L%,NiO,5-5,Ow
L%, So O, 1-2, Ou+L%, Fe O, 5-
5, Out%, Si 1.0-5. Ou+L%, Cr
O,01-1,0wt%, Ti O,01-0,5+l
consisting of IL%, balance Cu and unavoidable impurities, and
Contains Fe-Mn-8i ternary compounds, S of Fe, Mn
A wear-resistant copper alloy characterized in that the weight ratio to i is 0.3 to 14, and the content thereof is 1 to 15 wL%.