JP2592996B2 - Grain dryer - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a grain dryer, and more particularly, to a drying section for containing grains to be dried and a blower for blowing drying air to the drying section. The present invention relates to a grain dryer including: a unit; a blocking unit configured to block a flow of drying air to a part of the drying unit; and a control unit configured to control the blowing unit.

[Conventional technology]

Such a grain dryer is capable of preventing a blow-through of drying air generated in a part of the drying section (specifically, an upper portion of the stored grain in the drying section) in a state where the amount of the grain introduced into the drying section is small. In order to prevent this, the flow of the drying air to a part of the drying section is blocked by the blocking means.

 Conventionally, the operation of the blocking means has been performed manually.

Further, the amount of the drying air blown to the drying unit by the blowing means is constant regardless of the amount of the cereal charged into the drying unit.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional grain dryer, it is necessary to manually operate the shut-off means, which is troublesome.

Further, even in the shut-off state in which the flow of the drying air to a part of the drying unit is shut off by the shut-off means, as described above, a constant amount of drying air is blown to the drying unit by the blowing means. However, the area where the drying air can flow into the drying section is reduced due to the blocking portion.
Therefore, the inflow speed of the drying air is increased, and
As a result of the increase in the air resistance, there is a problem that scattering occurs in a part of the grain to be dried, which hinders the drying and that the consumption of energy required for driving the blowing means is increased.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and in the operation of blocking the flow of drying air to a part of the drying unit by the blocking unit to prevent the blow-by,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a means that can solve the above-mentioned problem that occurs in the cut-off state with good operability while eliminating the troublesome operation.

[Means for solving the problem]

Characteristic configuration of the grain dryer of the present invention, while configuring the blowing means so that the blowing amount of the drying air can be changed, the control means, according to the input information of the amount of grain to the drying unit, The point is that the blowing means is automatically controlled so as to automatically adjust the blowing amount of the drying air, and the shutoff means is automatically operated.

[Action]

According to the grain dryer having the above-mentioned characteristic configuration, the blowing means is automatically controlled by the control means so as to automatically adjust the blowing amount of the drying air in accordance with the information on the amount of the grain charged to the drying unit. And the shutoff means is automatically operated.

Therefore, when it is necessary to prevent the blow-by due to a small amount of cereal charged into the drying unit, the cut-off means automatically controls the drying to a part of the drying unit to prevent the blow-by. The air flow can be cut off, and the amount of the drying air blown can be automatically reduced according to the cutoff state.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the grain dryer having the above-described characteristic configuration, the operation of shutting off the flow of the drying air to a part of the drying unit by the shutoff means in order to prevent the blow-by is automatically performed. Will be improved.

Further, in the cutoff state, the blowing amount is automatically and appropriately maintained as described above to eliminate inconveniences such as scattering of grains to be dried and excessive drying speed of grains, and It is possible to reduce the amount of energy required for driving the blower.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the grain dryer of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, the grain dryer of the present invention comprises a drying section (A) for accommodating a grain to be dried, and the drying section (A). A) an air supply means (B) for sending drying air (in this embodiment, drying air which is dehumidified or heated using a heat pump circuit described later, and is hereinafter abbreviated as dehumidified air); Exhaust means (C) for sucking and discharging air in the drying section (A)
And a circulating means (D) for circulating and moving the grains in the drying section (A), and a control means E for controlling the respective means. The drying section (A) and the air supply means (B) are connected via a duct (1) so as to be freely coupled and separated.

A storage space (SP) for storing grains for drying is formed inside the drying section (A). In the storage space (SP), a plurality of ventilation paths (2) are traversed therethrough. ) Is formed.

An equalizer (3) is provided above the storage space (SP) to uniformly distribute the grains, and a rotary valve (4) below the storage space (SP) is configured to discharge the grains little by little from the gap of the inclined plate (4). 5) is provided. In the storage space (SP), the grain supplied from the equalizer (3) little by little and the grain discharged little by little by driving the rotary valve (5) are balanced. While the height level exceeding the uppermost ventilation path (2) is maintained, each grain gradually moves downward.

The ventilation path (2) is connected to an air supply frame (2a) and blows out the dehumidified air from the air supply means (B) to the storage space (SP), and is connected to an exhaust frame (2b). There is a device for sucking and discharging air from the storage space (SP) by suction by the exhaust means (C), and all of them are formed so that a chevron frame that is open downward is located in the stored grain.

In the air supply frame (2a), a blow-through of the dehumidified air supplied into the drying unit (A) for drying (the blow-through is performed when a small amount of grain is injected into the drying unit (A), The drying section (A) to prevent a part of the drying section (A), that is, generated above the stored grains in the drying section (A)).
There is provided a shutoff means (50) for selectively shutting off the flow of dehumidified air to a part of the airbag.

The shut-off means (50) is, specifically, a shut-off valve (50) composed of an oscillating body (50b) suspended from the upper edge pivotally supported and driven by a drive source (50a) to be swingable. (Three in this embodiment), and the plurality of shutoff valves (50) are arranged in tandem in the upper part of the air supply frame (2a) on the side of the ventilation path (2). And the drying section (A)
When the amount of cereal introduced into the inside is large and the ventilation passage (2) is full of cereal, the plurality of shutoff valves (50) are all opened, and the amount of cereal introduced into the drying section (A) is small. When there is almost no grain in the ventilation path (2), the plurality of shut-off valves (50) are all closed, and when the amount of grain charged into the drying section (A) is intermediate between the above two cases. The one above the plurality of shutoff valves (50) is selectively closed. The drive of the drive source (50a) is controlled based on a control signal from the control means (E).

The air supply means (B) has two upper and lower ventilation paths (1
7) and (20).
A condenser (15) and a first blower fan (16) are provided in 7), and an evaporator (1) is provided in a lower second ventilation path (20).
8) and a second blower fan (19) are provided respectively.
Further, a compressor (27) is also provided in the second ventilation path (20), and a heat pump circuit is configured by the compressor (27), the condenser (15), the evaporator (18), and an expansion mechanism (not shown). And the capacitor (15)
Has a function of heating the outside air introduced into the first ventilation path (17), and the evaporator (18) has a function of dehumidifying the outside air introduced into the second ventilation path (20). ing.

An outlet (21) of the first ventilation path (17) is connected to the duct (1) in communication, and an outlet (22) of the second ventilation path (20) communicates with the outside. The passage (17) and the second ventilation passage (20) communicate with each other via a vent (23). The first blower fan (16) and the second blower fan (16)
The blower fan (19) acts on the first ventilation path (17) and the second ventilation path (20). As a result, the air blown by the two fans (16) and (19) acting on the two air passages (17) and (20) is supplied as the drying air through the duct (1). It is supplied to the drying section (A). That is, both the fans (16) and (19) function as blowing means for blowing the drying air to the drying section (A).

The two fans (16) and (19) are, specifically, turning parts (16a) and (19a) that generate wind by turning the blades, and a motor () that drives the turning parts (16a) and (19a). 16b),
(19b). And the motor (16b),
(19b) is configured to be able to change the rotation output, and by changing the rotation output, the blower means (16),
The amount of the drying air blown by (19) is changed. Incidentally, the change of the air blowing amount by the air blowing means (16) and (19) is performed by changing the rotation output of the motors (16b) and (19b) based on a control signal from the control means (E). Done.

Each of the ventilation port (23) and the discharge port (22) has an adjustment for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing from the second ventilation path (20) to the first ventilation path (17) through the ventilation port (23). Dampers (24) and (25) as means are provided. The dampers (24) and (25) are configured to be simultaneously and reciprocally opened and closed by an electric motor (26) driven and controlled by a control signal from the control means (E). That is, when the damper (24) is in the fully closed state, the damper (25) is in the fully open state, and in this state, all the dehumidified air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator (18) passes through the first ventilation path through the ventilation port (23). (16) will be added. Then, the dehumidified air is sent to the duct (1), and the dehumidified air is further sent to the drying section (A). When the damper (24) is fully opened, the damper (25) is fully closed, and all the air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator (18) is discharged to the outside, and the condenser (15) is supplied to the duct (1). ), Only the heated air is sent.

The exhaust means (C) is, specifically, the exhaust frame (2
an exhaust blower (10) for sucking and discharging the humid air of the storage space (SP) to the outside by inhaling the storage space (SP), and in the drying section (A) by suctioning to the upper region of the storage space (SP). A dust removing device (11) for sucking and discharging dust floating on the outside to the outside.

The circulating means (D) is specifically arranged below the rotary valve (5), and the grain discharged from the storage space (SP) at appropriate time intervals by intermittent driving of the rotary valve (5). And a lower screw conveyor (6) for transporting the lower screw conveyor (6) to the side opposite to the location of the air supply means (B), and disposed vertically along the side of the storage space (SP). Elevator (7) for lifting grain transported by
And an upper portion that is disposed above the storage space (SP) and transports the grain pumped by the elevator (7) to the upper center of the drying section (A) where the equalizer (3) is located. A screw conveyor (8). The grain transported by the upper screw conveyor (8) is
The equalizer (3) uniformly radiates the fuel into the storage space (SP) from above. When a grain is circulated using such a circulation means (D), the grain is
Before reaching the ventilation path (2), the storage space (S
Since it passes over the space above P) over time, the tempering drying of the grain is performed in the space above.

At the upper part of the drying section (A), a full meter (9) for detecting whether or not the grain is stored in the storage space (SP) in a full state is provided. On one side, a grain thermometer (41) for detecting the temperature of grains stored in the storage space (SP) is provided, and on the other side, grains in the drying section (A) (more specifically, Space (SP)
A hopper (12) for supplying grain to the hopper and a single-grain moisture meter (13) for measuring moisture in the grain (cereal stored in the storage space (SP)) are provided. The white arrows in the drying section (A) and the air supply means (B) indicate the flow of air. The duct (1)
At an appropriate position in the inside, there are provided a blast thermometer (42) for measuring the temperature of the air flowing therethrough and a heater (43) for heating the flowing air as necessary.

Specifically, the control means (E) is provided below the drying section (A), and controls the first control device (14) which controls the whole grain dryer, and the air supply means (B). A second control device (28) provided at an upper portion and controlling the air supply means (B).

The first control device (14) controls the circulation means (D) and the exhaust means (C).

On the other hand, a temperature sensor (29) for detecting the dry-bulb temperature of the outside air and a humidity sensor (30) for detecting the humidity of the outside air are input to the second control device (28). Then, the second control device (28) controls the air supply means (B) based on the input information.
Of the heat pump circuit is performed.

The second controller (28) also sets and inputs information on the amount of cereal introduced into the drying section (A) (specifically, information on the weight of cereal introduced into the drying section (A)). It is supposed to be. And the second control device (28)
Based on the input information, the operation of the shutoff valve (50) (specifically, the operation of the drive source (50a) for driving the rocking body (50b) of the shutoff valve (50)) and the air supply Means (B)
Of the blowing means (16) and (19) in
The motors (16b) and (19) that move the turning parts (16a) and (19a) of the first blower fan (16) and the second blower fan (19).
b) drive) is automatically controlled. Also,
The second control device (28) also controls the drive of the compressor (27).

 Next, another embodiment will be described.

As means for obtaining the information on the amount of cereal input to the drying section (A), in addition to using the information set and input to the control device (28) as in the above-described embodiment, the following means There is also. For example, means for detecting the amount of stored grain in the drying section (A) (for example, a large number of sensors provided at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction of the storage space (SP)) are provided in the drying section (A). It is also conceivable that information regarding the amount of stored grain obtained directly from the detection information is obtained as the input amount information.

Further, the blocking means (50) in the above-described dehumidifying and drying type grain dryer may be of another type (for example, a blocking means in which a blocking member is configured as a vertical sliding type).

Further, the structure of the drying unit (A) in the dehumidifying and drying type grain dryer is not the grain circulation type as described above,
The present invention is applicable to a grain storage type.

In addition, the present invention can be applied to a grain dryer other than the dehumidifying and drying grain dryer, for example, a thermal drying grain dryer.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawing is a longitudinal side view showing one embodiment of a grain dryer according to the present invention. (16) ... Blowing means, (19) ... Blowing means, (50) ...
Blocking means, (A) drying section, (E) control means.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A drying section (A) for containing a grain to be dried, blowing means (16) and (19) for blowing drying air to the drying section (A), and the drying section (A). A grain dryer comprising: a shutoff means (50) for shutting off a flow of drying air to a part of the air conditioner; and a control means (E) for controlling the blowing means (16) and (19), The blowing means (16) and (19) are configured so that the blowing amount of the drying air can be changed. A grain drying device configured to automatically control the blowing means (16) and (19) so as to automatically adjust the blowing amount of the drying air, and to automatically operate the shutoff means (50). Machine.