JP2995593B2 - Grain storage facility - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain storage facility for storing grains such as paddy while maintaining the quality of the grains.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a dehumidifier has been provided which cools taken-in air to remove water and returns to normal temperature to form dehumidified air at normal temperature. The air (humid air) is mixed with the dehumidified air at normal temperature. There has been a technique for forming room-temperature constant-humidity air and drying rice and the like with the room-temperature constant-humidity air.

[0003]

In the prior art, since a dryer for drying paddy and the like and a grain storage means for storing paddy and the like are separately installed, simplification of facilities for loading and unloading paddy and the like and facilities. In addition, there is a problem that the cost cannot be easily reduced, and the quality maintenance of the long-term storage and the simplification of the quality maintenance equipment cannot be easily achieved.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a grain storage facility in which a ventilation duct is extended to the bottom of a storage bin for containing grain and through which dry air or cooling air is sent. An inner outlet for supplying air from the duct to the inside of the storage bin by communicating the air with the air duct, and an outer outlet for supplying air from the air duct to the outer periphery of the storage bin are provided in the air duct so as to be openable and closable. By switching between drying or cooling of the grain inside the storage bin and cooling outside the storage bin, drying of the grain below a predetermined temperature and long-term storage of the grain at a low temperature can be easily performed using the storage bottle. The drying and storage operations of the grain can be simplified, and the drying and storage costs can be easily reduced.

In addition, the cooling air of the air duct is supplied to the outer periphery of the storage bin to maintain the grain temperature of the storage bin at a predetermined temperature or less, and the cooling air of the air duct is supplied to the inside of the storage bin by increasing the temperature inside the storage bin by a predetermined temperature or more. By using cooling air for long-term storage of cereals at low temperatures, it is possible to prevent cereals during drying from rising to a predetermined temperature or more, and control cereal temperature during drying. And the like can be easily performed to easily simplify the quality control of the grain.

Further, the temperature is detected at a blower outlet of a blower that recirculates cooling air to a storage bin through a blower duct, and the temperature of the blower outlet is maintained at a predetermined temperature or less. The temperature control of the cooling air can easily prevent the temperature rise by the blower when the cooling air is recirculated, and can easily maintain the low temperature for a long time, and can simplify the quality control of the grain easily. is there.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of a storage room, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the whole, FIG. 3 is a side view of the storage room, and FIG.
Receiving room (1) for receiving grains such as raw paddy brought in by each cargo port, storage room (2) for drying and storing received grains, and shipping room (3) for preparing and shipping stored grains. The roughing machine (4) and the weighing machine (5) are installed in the receiving room (1), and the hulling sorter (6) and the shipping tank (7) are installed in the shipping room (3). Provided.

The roof and side walls forming the storage room (2) are formed by heat insulating walls (8), and a plurality of storage bins (9), which are grain storage means for storing grains such as paddy, are arranged in two rows. The conveyor (10), the conveyor (11), and the elevator (1)
2) With (12) and (13), the grain in the receiving room (1) is stored in the storage bin (9), the grain in the storage bin (9) is stored in the shipping room (3), and the grain in the storage bin (9) is provided. Into another storage bin (9), each conveyor (10) (11) and the elevator (1).
2) It is configured to move via (13).

A machine room (15) is formed adjacent to the storage room (2) via one side surface of the storage bin (9) and a partition wall (14), and a dehumidifier (16) and a drying blower ( 1
7) and a blower duct (18) in which a cooler blower (18) having a smaller capacity than the blower (17) is installed in the machine room (15), and one end is connected to the exhaust side of each blower (17) (18). 19), and the other end of the duct (19) is extended to the bottom of each of four storage bins (9)..., And is a bin drying shutter (20) which is an inner outlet opened and closed by an electric cylinder or the like. . Are supplied to each of the bins (9)... Individually, and the side surfaces of the bins (9) through cooling shutters (21). The duct (19) is configured to supply air to the outer passage space (22) between the side wall and the heat insulating wall (8).

Further, a ceiling wall (23) is provided to cover the upper surface of each of the bins (9)... In a communicating state, and a dehumidifying air space (24) for opening each of the bins (9). Is formed on the lower surface side of the ceiling wall (23), the suction side of a dust exhaust duct (26) provided with a bin exhaust fan (25) is connected to the space (24), and the wet dust remover (27) is installed outside. ) Is connected to the discharge side of the duct (26), and when room-temperature constant humidity air or cooling air is supplied from the blower duct (19) to the bottom of the bin (9) via the bin drying shutter (20). The air passes through the bin (9) and moves from the upper opening to the dehumidifying space (24). From the space (24), the exhaust fan (25) and the dust exhaust duct (26) are connected to the dust removing device (27). Configured to be discharged through

Furthermore, an attic space (29) is formed between the roof of the heat insulating wall (8) and the ceiling wall (23) via an attic partition (28), and the outer passageway is formed in the space (29). Left and right circulation fan (30) that sucks air of (22) ...
Is provided on the partition plate (28), an upper exhaust fan (31) is provided on a partition wall (14) between the machine room (15) and the attic space (29), and the air in the attic space (29) is blown by the fan. The bin (9) is moved to the machine room (15) by (31), and the bins (9) arranged in two rows form an inner circumference space (32) between the inner surfaces, and the bin (9) on the opposite side to the machine room (15) is formed. 9) At the end of the installation row, communicate the inside passage space (32) with the outside passage space (22) through the side of the bin (9), and between the machine room (15) and the inside passage space (32). A lower exhaust fan (33) is provided on the partition wall (14), and air in the inner passage space (32) is moved to the machine room (15) by the fan (33). Via (21) to the outer passage space (22) When the cooling air is supplied, the cooling air in the space (22) moves from the attic space (29) to the machine room (15) via the respective fans (30) and (31), and at the same time, the cooling air in the outer passage space (22). The cooling air of (1) moves from the inward passage space (32) to the machine room (15) via the lower exhaust fan (33).

An openable and closable heat-insulating shutter (35) for ventilating the machine room (15) through a normally-open external louver (34) is provided. During drying, the shutter (35) is opened to open the outside air. Is taken into the machine room (15), and at the time of cooling operation, the shutter (35) is closed to circulate cooling air between the storage room (2) and the machine room (15).

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, an evaporator (36) for cooling and dehumidifying, a condenser (37) for restoring and cooling at room temperature, and a refrigerant for circulation between the evaporator (36) and the condenser (37). Scroll compressor (38) whose output can be adjusted and an external air intake motor (3
The evaporator (36) communicates with the outside air intake duct (41) through the dehumidification control flap (40) opened and closed by 9) and the suction side of the drying blower (17) through the condenser (37). Normal temperature and constant humidity air passage (4
2) and the evaporator (3) through the cool air blower (18).
6) communicates with the air duct (19) through the cooling air path (4).
3) and a normal temperature shutter (45) (45) and a dehumidifying shutter (46) which are opened and closed by an electric cylinder (44).
And a room temperature constant humidity air passage (4
An air cooling fan (47) and a motor (48) for cooling the condenser (37) when the 2) is closed are provided in the dehumidifier (16), and the evaporator (36) and Blowers (17) and (18) are installed, and a condenser (37) is installed outside the machine room (15) with a heat insulating wall (8) interposed therebetween. It is configured to supply outside air.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a drying switch (50) for automatically performing a drying operation, a cooling switch (51) for automatically performing a cooling operation, and a temperature of the storage bin (9). A bin temperature sensor (52) to be detected,
A machine room temperature sensor (5) for detecting the room temperature of the machine room (15)
3) and a blower temperature sensor (54) for detecting the blower temperature of the blowers (17) and (18), and a controller (55) constituted by a microcomputer, and a drying and cooling switch (50) (51); Dry and cool air blowers (17) (18), outside air intake motor (39), compressor (38), machine room and blower temperature sensor (5
3) (54) is connected to the controller (55).

Further, an air passage (42) of the dehumidifier (16).
Room temperature and dehumidifying shutter (45) via a drying / cooling switching circuit (56) for switching (43) between drying and cooling
The bin drying shutter (20) and the bin exhaust fan (2) are connected to the bin (9) via a bin drying circuit (57) and a bin exhaust circuit (58) for drying the grains in the storage bin (9).
5) a rotation circuit (60) for exchanging the bin temperature sensor (52) via the bin temperature detection circuit (59) and the grain of the storage bin (9) with another bin (9);
And a cooling circuit (61) and a cool air circulation circuit (62) for keeping the grain in the storage bin (9) at a predetermined temperature or lower by using the carry-in / out conveyors (10) (11) and the in / out elevators (12) (13). Through the circulation and exhaust fan (30) (31)
(33) are connected to the controller (55) so that they can be driven and controlled in cooperation with each other. The controller (33) controls grain drying control using room-temperature constant-humidity air, storage bin rotation control for replacing grains, and low-temperature storage control using cooling air. It is configured to perform each.

As is apparent from the above, in a grain storage facility where a ventilation duct (19) extends to the bottom of the storage bin (9) for containing the grain and sends dry or cooling air through the duct (19), A bin drying shutter (20) serving as an inner outlet for supplying air from the duct (19) to the inside of the storage bin (9) by communicating an air duct (19) with the inside of the storage bin (9); (9) A cooling shutter (21), which is an outer outlet for supplying the air of the air duct (19) to the outer periphery, is provided on the air duct (19) so as to be openable and closable. The storage bin (9) is supplied to the outer periphery thereof to maintain the grain temperature of the storage bin (9) at a predetermined temperature or lower, and to cool the air in the air duct (19) by increasing the temperature of the storage bin (9) by a predetermined or higher level. (9) Is supplied to the part, performs such rotation work interchanging grain in each bin (9) ... between,
A blast temperature is detected by a temperature sensor (54) at a blast outlet of a cool air blower (18) that recirculates cooling air to a storage bin (9) through a blast duct (19), and output of the compressor (38) is adjusted by adjusting output. The temperature of the blower outlet of the blower (18) is kept below a predetermined level, and the storage room (2) and the machine room (15)
Thus, the temperature is prevented from being increased by the cool air blower (18) at the time of recycling in which the cooling air is recirculated.

As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, when the temperature of the storage bin (9) is lower than a predetermined value by turning on the drying switch (50), the dehumidifying / normal temperature shutters (46) and (45) are moved to the drying position ( (Solid line in FIG. 5)
Open the outside air intake motor (39) and dry the blower (17)
Is turned on, the bin drying shutter (20) is opened, the bin exhaust fan (25) is turned on, and the compressor (38) is also turned on. The drying operation is automatically performed, and the evaporator (36) is cooled. Air is the condenser (3
7) Dehumidified air at room temperature passes through the outside air intake duct (4
The room temperature and constant humidity air is formed by mixing with the atmosphere from 1), and the room temperature and constant humidity air is passed through the air blow duct (19) and the shutters (20) by the blower (17) to each bin (9). The air is supplied from the bottom to the inside of the bin (9).
5) A normal temperature and constant humidity drying operation for discharging the grains in the bottle (9) and drying the grains in the bottle (9) is performed.

In the drying operation, when a predetermined time has elapsed, a carry-in / out conveyor (10) (11) and an elevator (12) are output by a timer output of a controller (55).
(13) The rotation operation is automatically performed, the grain in the storage bin (9) is replaced with another bin (9), a rotation operation for maintaining uniform humidity and quality of the grain is performed, and the storage operation is performed during the drying operation. When the grain temperature of the bin (9) rises above a predetermined level, this temperature rise is detected by a temperature sensor (5).
2), and simultaneously with the rotation operation, the dehumidifying / room temperature shutters (46) and (45) are automatically switched to the cooling position (the virtual line in FIG. 5), the cold air blower (18) is turned on, and the evaporator ( 36) The cooling air of 36) is supplied to the storage bin (9) through the shutter (20) or the like, and the operation of cooling the grain in the storage bin (9) is automatically performed, thereby preventing the quality of the grain from deteriorating. It is.

Further, by turning on the cooling switch (51), the dehumidifying / room temperature shutters (46) and (45) are switched to the cooling position (the phantom line in FIG. 5), the cool air blower (18) is turned on, and the cooling shutter (46) is turned on. 21) ... is opened, the circulation / exhaust fans (30), (31), (33) are turned on, and the compressor (38) is also turned on. The low-temperature storage operation is automatically performed, and the evaporator (36) Cooling air is supplied from a ventilation duct (19) to an outside passage passage space (22) by a cool air blower (18), and cooling air in the outside passage passage space is supplied from a attic space (29) by a circulation fan (30) and an exhaust fan (31). Returning to the machine room (15), the inner passage space (3) is moved from the outer passage space (22) to the inner passage space (3).
2) The cooling air that enters is returned to the machine room (15) by the exhaust fan (33), and the storage room (2) and the machine room (15) are returned.
Cooling air is circulated between the storage bins (9) and the outer periphery of the storage bin (9) is kept at a predetermined temperature or lower to perform a low-temperature storage operation of the grain, and the compressor (38) is connected via the temperature sensors (52) (53) (54). Output adjustment and the fan (30) (3)
1) Temperature control is automatically performed by automatically controlling on / off of (33).

[0020]

As is apparent from the above embodiment, the present invention provides a blower duct (1) at the bottom of a storage bin (9) for storing grain.
In a grain storage facility which extends 9) and sends dry air or cooling air through the duct (19), an air duct (19) is connected to the inside of the storage bin (9) so that the duct (19) is An inner outlet (20) for supplying air into the storage bin (9) and an outer outlet (21) for supplying air from the air duct (19) to the outer periphery of the storage bin (9) are connected to the air duct (19). ) Is provided so as to be openable and closable. By switching between drying or cooling of the grain inside the storage bin (9) and cooling of the outside of the storage bin (9), drying of the grain below a predetermined temperature, and Long-term storage at low temperature,
This can be easily performed using the storage bin (9), and simplification of grain drying and storage operations and reduction of drying and storage costs can be easily achieved.

In addition, the cooling air in the air duct (19) is supplied to the outer periphery of the storage bin (9) to maintain the grain temperature of the storage bin (9) at a predetermined level or lower, and to maintain the grain temperature of the storage bin (9) at a predetermined level or higher. The cooling air of the air duct (19) is supplied into the storage bin (9) by increasing the temperature,
Utilizing cooling air for long-term storage of grain at low temperatures,
The temperature of the grain during drying can be prevented from rising to a predetermined value or more, the temperature of the grain during drying can be easily controlled, and the quality control of the grain can be easily simplified.

A blower (18) for recirculating and supplying cooling air to the storage bin (9) via a blow duct (19).
The temperature is detected at the air outlet of the air blower, and the air outlet temperature of the air blower (18) is configured to be maintained at a predetermined temperature or less. The air blower for recirculating the cooling air by controlling the temperature of the cooling air from the air blower (18) (18) It is possible to easily prevent the temperature rise, to easily maintain the low temperature for a long period of time, and to easily simplify the quality control of the grain.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a storage room.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a storage room.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view of the dehumidifier.

FIG. 6 is a drying and cooling control circuit diagram.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the previous figure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (9) Storage bin (18) Cool air blower (19) Ventilation duct (20) Bin drying shutter (inner outlet) (21) Cooling shutter (outer outlet)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cereal storage facility for feeding a dry air or a cooling air through a duct at a bottom portion of a storage bin for storing grain and for communicating dry air or cooling air through the duct. A grain storage facility, wherein an inner outlet for supplying air into a storage bin and an outer outlet for supplying air from a ventilation duct to an outer periphery of the storage bin are provided in the ventilation duct so as to be openable and closable. 2. The cooling air of the air duct is supplied to the outer periphery of the storage bin to maintain the grain temperature of the storage bin at a predetermined temperature or less, and the cooling air of the air duct is supplied to the inside of the storage bin by increasing the temperature inside the storage bin by a predetermined temperature or more. 2. The grain storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the grain storage facility is configured to be supplied to a grain storage facility. 3. A temperature is detected at a blower outlet of a blower that recirculates cooling air to a storage bin through a blower duct,
2. The grain storage facility according to claim 1, wherein the blower outlet temperature of the blower is maintained at a predetermined temperature or lower.