JP2995591B2 - Grain storage facility - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain storage facility for storing grains such as paddy while maintaining the quality of the grains.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a dehumidifier has been provided which cools taken-in air to remove water and returns to normal temperature to form dehumidified air at normal temperature. The air (humid air) is mixed with the dehumidified air at normal temperature. There has been a technique for forming room-temperature constant-humidity air and drying rice and the like with the room-temperature constant-humidity air.

[0003]

In the prior art, since a dryer for drying paddy and the like and a grain storage means for storing paddy and the like are separately installed, simplification of facilities for loading and unloading paddy and the like and facilities. In addition, there is a problem that the cost cannot be easily reduced, and the quality maintenance of the long-term storage and the simplification of the quality maintenance equipment cannot be easily achieved.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a storage bin for storing grain is installed in a storage room, a ventilation duct is extended to the bottom of the storage bin, and a dry air for communicating the inside of the storage bin to the outside is provided. A cooling air passage surrounding a side surface of the storage bin and an upper side of the drying air passage formed inside the storage chamber. By being discharged from the road to the outside, it is possible to efficiently dry and remove grains in each bin simply by arranging a plurality of storage bins between the ventilation duct and the drying air passage, and to supply the cooling air to the cooling air passage. Since the outside of the storage bin is surrounded by the cooling air, the grain in the storage bin can be prevented from being over-dried by the cooling air, and the dust of the grain can be prevented from being mixed into the cooling air. Low It is capable safely conducted efficiently stored.

[0005] Further, a fan is provided for communicating the high-altitude of the cooling air passage to the air-blowing space of the air-blowing duct, and a fan is provided at a position lower than the upper end of the storage bin to communicate the outside of the bin to the air-blowing space. By returning the cooling air from a high place of the cooling air path surrounding the outside of the storage bin to the blowing side space and returning the cooling air entering between the plurality of storage bins to the blowing side space at a position lower than the upper end of the bin, a plurality of cooling bins are returned. Even if the storage bins are installed on the same plane, the cooling air can be recirculated to the ventilation side space without passing through the inside of the bins, and the storage bins can be efficiently and uniformly cooled.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of a storage room, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the whole, FIG. 3 is a side view of the storage room, and FIG.
Receiving room (1) for receiving grains such as raw paddy brought in by each cargo port, storage room (2) for drying and storing received grains, and shipping room (3) for preparing and shipping stored grains. The roughing machine (4) and the weighing machine (5) are installed in the receiving room (1), and the hulling sorter (6) and the shipping tank (7) are installed in the shipping room (3). Provided.

The roof and side walls forming the storage room (2) are formed by insulating walls (8), and a plurality of storage bins (9), which are grain storage means for storing grains such as paddy, are arranged in two rows. The conveyor (10), the conveyor (11), and the elevator (1)
2) With (12) and (13), the grain in the receiving room (1) is stored in the storage bin (9), the grain in the storage bin (9) is stored in the shipping room (3), and the grain in the storage bin (9) is provided. Into another storage bin (9), each conveyor (10) (11) and the elevator (1).
2) It is configured to move via (13).

Further, a machine room (15) is formed adjacent to the storage room (2) via one side surface of the storage bin (9) and a partition wall (14), and a dehumidifier (16) and a drying blower ( 1
7) and a blower duct (18) in which a cooler blower (18) having a smaller capacity than the blower (17) is installed in the machine room (15), and one end is connected to the exhaust side of each blower (17) (18). 19), and the other end side of the duct (19) is extended to the bottom of each of four storage bins (9)... And a bin drying shutter (20) which is opened and closed by an electric cylinder or the like.
. Are supplied to each of the bins (9)... Individually, and the bins (9) are supplied through a cooling shutter (21).
The duct (19) is configured to supply air to the outer circumferential passage space (22) which is a cooling air passage between the side surface and the heat insulating wall (8).

[0009] Further, a dehumidifying air path is provided in which each of the bins (9) is provided with a ceiling wall (23) that covers the upper surface in a communicating state, and each of the bins (9) is opened and the carry-in conveyor (10) is installed. A wind space (24) is formed on the lower surface side of the ceiling wall (23), and the suction side of a dust exhaust duct (26) provided with a bin exhaust fan (25) is connected to the space (24) and installed outside. The duct (26) is connected to the wet dust remover (27).
And the discharge side of the blower duct (19)
When room temperature and constant humidity air (dry air) or cooling air is supplied to the bottom of the bin (9) via the bin drying shutter (20) from above, the air passes through the inside of the bin (9) and passes through the top opening to the dehumidifying space. (24), and is configured to be discharged from the space (24) to the dust removing device (27) via the exhaust fan (25) and the dust exhaust duct (26).

Further, an attic space (29) as a cooling air passage is formed between the roof of the heat insulating wall (8) and the ceiling wall (23) via an attic partition (28).
9) a left-right circulating fan (30)... For sucking air from the outer passage (22) is provided in the partition plate (28), and a partition wall (1) between the machine room (15) and the attic space (29) is provided.
4) The upper exhaust fan (31) is installed in the attic space (2).
9) The air in the machine room (1) is blown by the fan (31).
Each of the bins (9) to be moved to 5) and arranged in two rows ... an inner space (32) serving as a cooling air passage between inner surfaces.
A bin (9) on the opposite side of the machine room (15)... At the end of the installation row, communicates the inner circulating passage space (32) with the outer circulating passage space (22) via the side surface of the bin (9); A lower exhaust fan (33) is provided on a partition wall (14) between the machine room (15) and the inner passage space (32), and air in the inner passage space (32) is blown by the fan (33) into the machine room (15). ), And the blower duct (19)
From the outside through the cooling shutter (21).
2) When the cooling air is supplied to the space (22), the cooling air in the space (22) moves from the attic space (29) to the machine room (15) via the fans (30) and (31), and at the same time, the outer circulation passage. The cooling air in the space (22) flows from the inward passage space (32) through the lower exhaust fan (33) to the machine room (1).
It is configured to move to 5).

An openable / closable heat-insulating shutter (35) for ventilating the machine room (15) through a normally-open type external gallery (34) is provided. During drying work, the shutter (35) is opened to open the outside air. Is taken into the machine room (15), and at the time of cooling operation, the shutter (35) is closed to circulate cooling air between the storage room (2) and the machine room (15).

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, an evaporator (36) for cooling and dehumidifying, a condenser (37) for restoring and cooling at room temperature, and a refrigerant circulating between the evaporator (36) and the condenser (37). Scroll compressor (38) whose output can be adjusted and an external air intake motor (3
The evaporator (36) communicates with the outside air intake duct (41) through the dehumidification control flap (40) opened and closed by 9) and the suction side of the drying blower (17) through the condenser (37). Normal temperature and constant humidity air passage (4
2) and the evaporator (3) through the cool air blower (18).
6) communicates with the air duct (19) through the cooling air path (4).
3) and a normal temperature shutter (45) (45) and a dehumidifying shutter (46) which are opened and closed by an electric cylinder (44).
And a room temperature constant humidity air passage (4
An air cooling fan (47) and a motor (48) for cooling the condenser (37) when the 2) is closed are provided in the dehumidifier (16), and the evaporator (36) and Blowers (17) and (18) are installed, and a condenser (37) is installed outside the machine room (15) with a heat insulating wall (8) interposed therebetween. It is configured to supply outside air.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a drying switch (50) for automatically performing a drying operation, a cooling switch (51) for automatically performing a cooling operation, and a temperature of the storage bin (9). A bin temperature sensor (52) to be detected,
A machine room temperature sensor (5) for detecting the room temperature of the machine room (15)
3) and a blower temperature sensor (54) for detecting the blower temperature of the blowers (17) and (18), and a controller (55) constituted by a microcomputer, and a drying and cooling switch (50) (51); Dry and cool air blowers (17) (18), outside air intake motor (39), compressor (38), machine room and blower temperature sensor (5
3) (54) is connected to the controller (55).

Further, an air passage (42) of the dehumidifier (16).
Room temperature and dehumidifying shutter (45) via a drying / cooling switching circuit (56) for switching (43) between drying and cooling
The bin drying shutter (20) and the bin exhaust fan (2) are connected to the bin (9) via a bin drying circuit (57) and a bin exhaust circuit (58) for drying the grains in the storage bin (9).
5) a rotation circuit (60) for exchanging the bin temperature sensor (52) via the bin temperature detection circuit (59) and the grain of the storage bin (9) with another bin (9);
And a cooling circuit (61) and a cool air circulation circuit (62) for keeping the grain in the storage bin (9) at a predetermined temperature or lower by using the carry-in / out conveyors (10) (11) and the in / out elevators (12) (13). Through the circulation and exhaust fan (30) (31)
(33) are connected to the controller (55) so that they can be driven and controlled in cooperation with each other. The drying of the grains is controlled by constant-temperature constant-humidity air (dry air), the storage bin rotation is controlled to replace grains, and the cooling air is used. It is configured to perform low-temperature storage control.

As is apparent from the above, a storage bin (9) for storing grain is installed in the storage room (2), and a ventilation duct (19) is provided at the bottom of the storage bin (9).
A dehumidifying space (24), which is a drying air path that allows the inside of the storage bin (9) to communicate with the outside, and a passage space that is a cooling air path surrounding the outer periphery of the side surface of the storage bin (9) and the upper side of the dehumidifying space (24). (22) (32) and the attic space (29) are formed inside the storage room (2), while the ventilation duct (1) is formed.
An upper exhaust fan (31) for connecting a high position of each space (22) (29) as a cooling air path to a machine room (15) as a blowing side space of 9), and a position lower than an upper end of the storage bin (9). A lower exhaust fan (33) is provided to communicate the outside of the bin (9) with the machine room (15), and the air is moved by changing the path between drying and cooling.

As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 7, when the temperature of the storage bin (9) is lower than a predetermined value by turning on the drying switch (50), the dehumidifying / normal temperature shutters (46) and (45) are moved to the drying position ( (Solid line in FIG. 5)
Open the outside air intake motor (39) and dry the blower (17)
Is turned on, the bin drying shutter (20) is opened, the bin exhaust fan (25) is turned on, and the compressor (38) is also turned on. The drying operation is automatically performed, and the evaporator (36) is cooled. Air is the condenser (3
7) Dehumidified air at room temperature passes through the outside air intake duct (4
The room temperature constant humidity air (dry air) is formed by mixing with the atmosphere from 1), and the room temperature constant humidity air is supplied to the blower (1).
7), the air duct (19) and each shutter (2)
0), the air is supplied from the bottom into each bin (9) through the inside, and the air inside the bin (9) is exhausted from the upper opening by an exhaust fan (25).
The room temperature and constant humidity drying operation for drying the grains inside is performed.

In the drying operation, when a predetermined time has elapsed, the carry-in / out conveyors (10) and (11) and the elevator (12) are output by a timer output of the controller (55).
(13) The rotation operation is automatically performed, the grain in the storage bin (9) is replaced with another bin (9), a rotation operation for maintaining uniform humidity and quality of the grain is performed, and the storage operation is performed during the drying operation. When the grain temperature of the bin (9) rises above a predetermined level, this temperature rise is detected by a temperature sensor (5).
2), and simultaneously with the rotation operation, the dehumidifying / room temperature shutters (46) and (45) are automatically switched to the cooling position (the virtual line in FIG. 5), the cold air blower (18) is turned on, and the evaporator ( 36) The cooling air of 36) is supplied to the storage bin (9) through the shutter (20) or the like, and the operation of cooling the grain in the storage bin (9) is automatically performed, thereby preventing the quality of the grain from deteriorating. It is.

Further, when the cooling switch (51) is turned on, the dehumidifying / room temperature shutters (46) and (45) are switched to the cooling position (the virtual line in FIG. 5), the cool air blower (18) is turned on, and the cooling shutter (46) is turned on. 21) ... is opened, the circulation / exhaust fans (30), (31), (33) are turned on, and the compressor (38) is also turned on. The low-temperature storage operation is automatically performed, and the evaporator (36) Cooling air is supplied from a ventilation duct (19) to an outside passage passage space (22) by a cool air blower (18), and cooling air in the outside passage passage space is supplied from a attic space (29) by a circulation fan (30) and an exhaust fan (31). Returning to the machine room (15), the inner passage space (3) is moved from the outer passage space (22).
2) The cooling air that enters is returned to the machine room (15) by the exhaust fan (33), and the storage room (2) and the machine room (15) are returned.
Cooling air is circulated between the storage bins (9) and the outer periphery of the storage bin (9) is kept at a predetermined temperature or lower to perform a low-temperature storage operation of the grain, and the compressor (38) is connected via the temperature sensors (52) (53) (54). Output adjustment and the fan (30) (3)
1) Temperature control is automatically performed by automatically controlling on / off of (33).

[0019]

As is apparent from the above embodiment, according to the present invention, a storage bin (9) for storing grain is installed in a storage room (2), and a ventilation duct (19) is extended to the bottom of the storage bin (9). A drying air passage (24) for communicating the inside of the storage bin (9) with the outside, and a cooling air passage (2) surrounding the outer periphery of the side surface of the storage bin (9) and the upper side of the drying air passage (24).
2) (29) and (32) are formed inside the storage room (2), and the dry air supplied from the ventilation duct (19) passes through the inside of the storage bin (9) and the drying air path (24) From the outside to the outside, only a plurality of storage bins (9) are arranged between the ventilation duct (19) and the drying air passage (24) to dry and remove the grains of each bin (9). The cooling air path (22) can be performed efficiently.
(29) Since the outside of the storage bin (9) is surrounded by the cooling air supplied to (32), the grains in the storage bin (9) can be prevented from being over-dried by the cooling air, and the dust of the grains can be cooled by the cooling air. It is possible to prevent the cereal from being mixed and to safely and efficiently store the grain at low temperature using the storage bottle (9).

Further, a fan (31) for communicating the high places of the cooling air passages (22), (29) and (32) with the air space (15) of the air duct (19), and a fan (31) lower than the upper end of the storage bin (9). At the position, the outside of the bin (9) is
A cooling air passage (22), (29), (3) surrounding the outside of the storage bin (9) is provided with a fan (33) communicating with the storage bin (9).
2) The cooling air is returned from the high place to the blowing side space (15), and the cooling air entering between the plurality of storage bins (9) is transferred to the blowing side space (15) at a position lower than the upper end of the bin (9). By returning, even if a plurality of storage bins (9) are installed on the same plane, the cooling air can be recirculated to the ventilation side space (15) without passing through the inside of the bin (9). The cooling of (9) can be performed efficiently and uniformly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a storage room.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a storage room.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view of the dehumidifier.

FIG. 6 is a drying and cooling control circuit diagram.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the previous figure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (2) Storage room (9) Storage bin (15) Machine room (blower side space) (19) Ventilation duct (22) Outer passage space (cooling passage) (24) Dehumidifying space (drying passage) (29) Attic Space (cooling air path) (31) Upper exhaust fan (32) Inner passage space (cooling air path) (33) Lower exhaust fan

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage bin for storing grain is installed in a storage room, a ventilation duct is extended to the bottom of the storage bin, and a drying air path for communicating the inside of the storage bin to the outside, a side outer periphery of the storage bin and the storage bin. A grain storage facility, wherein a cooling air passage surrounding an upper side of a drying air passage is formed inside the storage room. 2. A fan for communicating a high position of a cooling air passage with a ventilation side space of a ventilation duct, and a fan for communicating the outside of the storage bin with the ventilation side space at a position lower than an upper end of a storage bin. 2. The grain storage facility according to the above item 1, wherein