JPH0816587B2 - Ventilation device for agricultural product dryer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention has a first ventilation passage having a condenser for heating the introduced outside air and connected to a produce dryer, and dehumidifying the introduced outside air. A second ventilation passage having an evaporator for discharging to the outside, a ventilation opening from the second ventilation passage to the first ventilation passage, and a first ventilation passage from the second ventilation passage through the ventilation opening. The present invention relates to a ventilation device for an agricultural product dryer, which is provided with an adjusting unit that adjusts the amount of dehumidified air that flows to the ventilation passage and an air blowing unit that ventilates the first ventilation passage and the second ventilation passage.

[Conventional technology]

The ventilation device for such agricultural product dryer is one that selectively sends the air heated by the heat pump or the air dehumidified at room temperature, or mix-adjusts it and sends it to the dryer, and has already been proposed by the applicant of the present invention. Has been done.

In this ventilation device, the air in the first ventilation passage normally heated by the condenser is mixed with the air in the second ventilation passage cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator to obtain the air dehumidified at room temperature, and the air is dried in the agricultural product dryer. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is low, the flow of air from the second ventilation passage to the first ventilation passage is blocked, and only warm air is sent to the agricultural product dryer, so that it can be used in winter and in cold regions. Even so, a high drying effect is obtained.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The ventilation device described above is switched by manually operating the state of sending normal temperature dehumidified air and the state of sending warm air. Therefore, the manual operation requires some experience, and if the operation is mistaken or neglected, the agricultural products cannot be properly dried.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to such an actual situation, and an object thereof is to automatically heat or dehumidify the outside air according to the outside air temperature and the relative humidity, and always use an appropriate drying air for drying agricultural products. An object is to provide a ventilation device for the agricultural product dryer that is fed into the machine.

[Means for solving the problem]

A ventilation device for a produce dryer according to the present invention has a condenser for heating the introduced outside air and a first ventilation passage connected to the produce dryer, and an evaporator for dehumidifying the introduced outside air. And second with an outlet to the outside
A ventilation passage, a ventilation hole from the second ventilation passage to the first ventilation passage, and a first ventilation passage from the second ventilation passage through the ventilation opening.
An adjusting means for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing to the ventilation passage and an air blowing means for effecting ventilation on the first ventilation passage and the second ventilation passage are provided, and the first characteristic configuration thereof is as follows. A temperature sensor that detects the dry-bulb temperature of the outside air, a humidity sensor that detects the relative humidity of the outside air, and an area in which the relative humidity is equal to or higher than the set humidity and the temperature is within the set range based on the detection information of these sensors. In the above, the control means for controlling the adjusting means is provided so that the temperature and the relative humidity of the drying air sent to the agricultural product dryer approach the target setting range.

A second characteristic configuration is the above-mentioned first characteristic configuration, wherein the control means has a relative humidity equal to or higher than the set humidity and a temperature within the set range based on the information of the two sensors. In a region, a heat pump including the condenser and the evaporator is operated, and relative humidity is lower than the set humidity, or in a region where the temperature is out of the set range, the heat pump is stopped. There is a point.

[Work]

According to the first characteristic configuration, based on the detection information of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, in the region where the relative humidity of the outside air is equal to or higher than the set humidity and the temperature is within the set range, the agricultural drying machine is controlled by the control means. The adjusting means is automatically controlled so that the temperature of the drying air sent to the plant approaches a target setting range suitable for drying the agricultural products. In other words, the temperature of the drying air sent to the agricultural product dryer approaches the target setting range suitable for drying agricultural products so that the temperature of the first ventilation passage heated by the condenser is cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator. (2) A state in which normal temperature dehumidified air obtained by mixing all the amount of cooled dehumidified air in the air passage is sent, and a flow of the cooled dehumidified air from the second air passage to the first air passage is cut off and only warm air is sent. Switching to the state or the adjustment of the mixing amount of the cooling dehumidifying air in the intermediate state in which the warm air in the first ventilation passage is partially mixed with the cooling dehumidification air in the second ventilation passage is automatically performed.

According to the second characteristic configuration, the control means operates the heat pump in the region where the relative humidity of the outside air is equal to or higher than the set humidity and the temperature is within the set range based on the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. In the region where the relative humidity is lower than the set humidity or the temperature is outside the set range, the heat pump is stopped so that only the air is blown by the air blower. The outside air is sent to the agricultural product dryer without being dehumidified or heated.

That is, for example, when the relative humidity and temperature of the outside air is within the target setting range without operating the heat pump, or when the relative humidity of the outside air is lower than the set humidity and the heat pump is operated, the agricultural product dryer is When the relative humidity of the drying air to be sent to is too lower than the target setting range and the drying speed of agricultural products becomes too fast, causing a problem, the heat pump is stopped.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the first characteristic configuration, the mixture of the warmed air and the cooled dehumidified air is automatically controlled based on the temperature and the relative humidity of the outside air detected by the sensor, so that the proper drying air is always used for the agricultural product drying. It's very convenient because it can be sent to the machine.

According to the second characteristic configuration, since the intermittent operation of the heat pump is further controlled on the basis of the temperature and the relative humidity of the outside air detected by the sensor, it is possible to save energy and the drying speed of agricultural products becomes too fast. This can prevent problems as well.

〔Example〕

An embodiment in which a ventilation device for an agricultural product dryer of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as a ventilation device) is applied to a grain dryer will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in the overall side sectional view of FIG. 1, a grain dryer (A) and a ventilation device (B) are connected via a ventilation duct (1).

A storage space (SP) for storing and drying grains is secured in the grain dryer (A), and a plurality of ventilation passages (2) are provided so as to traverse the stored air (SP) in the lateral direction. Has been. In the storage space (SP), the grains that are supplied little by little from the upper leveling device (3) and the grains that are discharged little by little from the gap between the lower tilt plate (4) and the rotary valve (5). In balance with each other, while maintaining the level of the height of the whole grain that exceeds the uppermost ventilation path (2), each grain gradually moves downward. The ventilation passage (2) is connected to the air supply frame (2a),
There are those that blow out the dehumidifying air sent through the ventilation duct (1) to the storage space (SP), and those that are connected to the exhaust frame (2b) and suck air from the storage space (SP). , All of them are formed in the grain by a mountain-shaped frame with an open bottom.

In the grain dryer (A), the grains discharged from the storage space (SP) are returned to the storage space (SP) again to circulate the grains for tempering drying. That is, the grains discharged from the storage space (SP) by the intermittent drive of the rotary valve (5) at appropriate time intervals are conveyed laterally by the lower screw (6), and the conveyed grains are moved up and down ( 7) is lifted upwards, and the lifted grains are conveyed to the upper center by the upper screw (8), and the conveyed grains are evenly stored by the leveling device (3) in the storage space (SP). It is designed to diffuse into.

In the figure, (9) is a full scale that detects the height level of grains in the storage space (SP), and (10) is an intake action on the exhaust frame (2b) to wet the storage space (SP). An exhaust blower for discharging air to the outside, (11) a dust remover for discharging dust floating in the storage space (SP) to the outside, and (12) a grain dryer in the grain dryer (A). Hoppers for feeding grain (13)
Is a single-grain moisture meter for measuring the moisture content of grains (14)
Is a control device that controls the entire device. The arrow indicates the flow of air.

The ventilation device (B) is divided into two upper and lower ventilation passages, and the upper first ventilation passage (17) is provided with a condenser (15) and a first ventilation fan (16) as a ventilation means. The second ventilation passage (20) on the lower side is provided with an evaporator (18) and a second blowing fan (19) as a blowing means.
Reference numeral (27) is a compressor, which constitutes a heat pump by circulating a refrigerant through a condenser (15) and an evaporator (18). The outlet (21) of the first ventilation passage (17) is fitted and connected to the ventilation duct (1), and the second ventilation passage (2)
The discharge port (22) of (0) communicates with the outside, and the first ventilation passage (17) and the second ventilation passage (20) communicate with each other through the ventilation port (23). Further, dampers (24), (25) as adjusting means for adjusting the amount of air flowing from the second ventilation passage (20) to the first ventilation passage (17) are provided at the communication port (23) and the discharge port (22). It is provided. These dampers (24), (25) are configured to be opened and closed simultaneously and in a contradictory manner by driving one electric motor (26).

That is, when the damper (24) is fully closed, the damper (2
5) is fully opened, and all the air that has been cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator is added to the first ventilation passage through the ventilation port (23). Therefore, the air dehumidified at room temperature is sent to the ventilation duct (1). On the other hand, when the damper (24) is fully opened, the damper (25) is closed, all the air that has been cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator is released to the outside, and the ventilation duct (1) is heated by the condenser (15). Only air is sent.

A control means (28) is provided above the ventilation device (B), and a temperature sensor (29) for detecting the dry-bulb temperature of the outside air and a humidity sensor (for detecting the humidity of the outside air are provided near the suction part of the outside air). 30) is provided. The control means (28), based on the detection information of these two sensors (29) and (30), carries out the above-mentioned first and second blower fans (16) and (1) as follows.
9) and the compressor (27) are controlled intermittently, and the damper (2
Open / close control 4) and (25).

As shown in the psychrometric chart in Fig. 2, the dry-bulb temperature changes from 25 ℃.
The region where the temperature is 38 ° C and the relative humidity is 40% to 50% is defined as a target setting area (TA) that represents air suitable for drying grains.

Then, the outside air is divided into four areas according to the dry-bulb temperature and the relative humidity, dehumidification and heating are performed according to the respective areas, and the grain dryer (A) is brought closer to the target setting area (TA) as much as possible. Control to send to. A description will be added below for each area.

The dehumidifying area (HA) is an area where the relative humidity exceeds 60% and the dry-bulb temperature exceeds 22 ° C and 38 ° C or less, and can be brought close to the target setting area (TA) by normal temperature dehumidification. Therefore,
The air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator (18) is mixed with the air heated by the condenser (15) to obtain room temperature dehumidified air. In this case, the compressor (27) and the blower fans (16) and (19) are all operated. The damper (24) is closed and the damper (25) is open.

The warmed area (CA) has a relative humidity of over 60% and a dry-bulb temperature of 8
It is the range from ℃ to 22 ℃, and the target setting range (T
A) can be approached. Therefore, the condenser (1
Only the air heated by 5) is sent to the grain dryer (A). In this case, the compressor (27) and the blower fan (1
Both 6) and (19) operate, but damper (24)
Closed and the damper (25) closed.

The blast area (BA) is the entire area including the target setting area (TA) and excluding the dehumidifying area (HA) and heating area (CA). When the outside air is in this area, only the air is blown by the blower fans (16) and (19) without dehumidifying or heating. In this case, the compressor (27) is stopped, and therefore cooling and dehumidifying by the evaporator (18) and heating by the condenser (15) are not performed. Either of the dampers (24) and (25) may be open (the other is closed).

FIG. 3 shows the determination flow of the above area division. In the figure,
T represents the dry-bulb temperature of the outside air, and RH represents the relative humidity of the outside air. or,
Compressor (27), blower fan (16), (19) in each area,
Fig. 4 shows the ON / OFF control of the dampers (24) and (25) in the matrix table. In the figure, the damper ON indicates that the damper (24) is closed and the damper (25) is open, and OFF is the opposite, and it does not matter which bar is open (the other is closed). Represent

In addition, the control device (14) of the grain dryer (A) constantly checks the temperature of the grain by the grain temperature sensor (31) fixed to the lower sloping plate (4) inside the dryer and abnormally detects the grain. When the temperature rises, an alarm lamp (not shown) is turned on. Similarly, the temperature of the wind sent from the ventilation device (B) is constantly checked by the wind temperature sensor (32) provided in the ventilation duct (1), and when the detected temperature rises abnormally, the above alarm is issued. Turn on the lamp.

In addition, an electric heater (33) is provided in the ventilation duct (1) and is energized when the temperature detected by the air temperature sensor (32) is lower than a predetermined value.

[Another embodiment]

In the embodiment, in order to simplify the control, the dampers (24) and (25) as the adjusting means are controlled to the fully open or fully closed binary state, but a pulse motor is used for the motor (26),
Amount of cooling dehumidified air in the second ventilation passage (20) mixed with warm air in the first ventilation passage (17) by configuring the adjusting means so as to be able to control the intermediate state between the fully open state and the fully closed state. Can be adjusted. For example, the adjusting means (24),
If both of (25) are controlled to be in a half-open state, approximately half of the air in the second ventilation passage that has been cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator (18) is discharged from the adjusting means (24) to the outside, and the other half is adjusted by the adjusting means (25). ) And flows into the first ventilation passage (17) and is mixed with the air heated by the condenser (15). Therefore, the obtained mixed air is heated and dehumidified in half.

In this way, in FIG. 2, it is possible to provide a more detailed control by providing an intermediate region where heating and dehumidification are performed in half at the boundary between the dehumidifying region and the heating region.

Further, the temperature and the relative humidity defining the boundaries between the areas (HA), (CA), (BA) in FIG. 2 may be changed and set from the operation panel of the control means (28).

It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 are overall side cross-sectional views showing the outline of a ventilation device and a grain dryer for an agricultural product dryer according to the present invention. (15) …… Condenser, (16), (19) …… Blower means, (17) …… First ventilation duct, (18) …… Evaporator, (20) …… Second ventilation duct, (22)… … Outlet, (23)
...... Vents, (24), (25) …… Adjustment means, (28) ……
Control means, (29) ... temperature sensor, (30) ... humidity sensor.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first ventilation passage (17) having a condenser (15) for heating the introduced outside air and connected to a produce dryer, and an evaporator (18) for dehumidifying the introduced outside air. And a second ventilation passage (20) having an outlet (22) to the outside, a ventilation opening (23) from the second ventilation passage (20) to the first ventilation passage (17), and its ventilation. Adjusting means (24), (25) for adjusting the amount of dehumidified air flowing from the second ventilation passage (20) to the first ventilation passage (17) through the mouth (23);
A ventilation device for an agricultural product dryer, which is provided with ventilation means (16), (19) for effecting ventilation on the first ventilation passage (17) and the second ventilation passage (20), Based on the temperature sensor (29) that detects the dry-bulb temperature, the humidity sensor (30) that detects the relative humidity of the outside air, and the relative humidity above the set humidity, based on the detection information of these sensors (29) and (30). In the region where the temperature is within the set range, the adjusting means (24) and (25) are controlled so that the temperature and relative humidity of the drying air sent to the agricultural product dryer approach the target set range. A ventilation device for the agricultural product dryer provided with a control means (28). 2. The ventilation device for the agricultural product dryer according to claim 1, wherein the control means (28) determines the relative humidity based on information from the two sensors (29) and (30). Above the set humidity, and in a region where the temperature is within the set range, the heat pump including the condenser (15) and the evaporator (18) is operated, and the relative humidity is lower than the set humidity, or, A ventilation device for a produce dryer, which is configured to stop the heat pump when the temperature is outside the set range.