JPS61128086A - Method of drying cereal - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain drying method that can prevent deterioration of grain quality and efficiently obtain high-quality dried grains in a general food dryer, mainly a grain dryer. .

Prior Art Previously, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-14709, the inventor of the present invention sequentially detected the temperature of dried grains and the drying rate over time, and the detected grain temperature and drying rate obtained were determined to be the moisture content of the grain. By controlling the heating device or blower device to adjust to the moisture content and keep it below a preset value, drying is completed, thereby reliably preventing the occurrence of shell cracking and deterioration of taste.
A grain drying method that can obtain high quality dried grain while improving drying efficiency has been provided.

The above conventional technology will be specifically described as follows.

That is, in FIG. 1, a grain temperature detector 1 detects the grain temperature of the grain to be dried over time during the drying time and sends the detection signal to the comparison circuit 4. For example, the grain temperature of the grain to be dried is detected over time from the beginning of drying to the end of drying every hour, and in 2, the drying loss rate, that is, the drying speed of the grain to be dried is detected over time during the drying time. The drying loss rate detector 2 detects the drying rate and sends the detected signal to the comparison circuit 4, and the drying loss rate detector 2 detects the drying loss rate, that is, the drying speed, of the grain to be dried, for example every hour, from the beginning of drying to the end of drying. It is detected over time. The detection method of this drying loss rate detector includes detecting moisture over time and calculating the drying rate from two detected moisture values at two points in time and the elapsed time between them. There are various methods such as finding the most probable value of the drying loss rate from the elapsed time. 3, when the grain temperature and drying rate of the grain to be dried are detected over time, the signals of the grain temperature standard value and the drying rate standard value, which are determined in advance according to the moisture content (moisture) of the grain, are respectively compared. The grain temperature and drying rate standard setting circuit 3 has the function of sending the grain temperature and drying rate standard setting circuit 3 to the grain temperature and drying rate standard setting circuit 3, as shown in FIG. Until then, keep the grain temperature below 35℃,
In addition, as shown in Figure 3, there is a grain temperature standard table that maintains the grain temperature below 40°C when the moisture content (moisture) of the grain to be dried is between 20% and 14%. The drying rate is 1% per hour until the moisture content (moisture) is 2O4, and the moisture content (moisture) is 20% or more.
The drying rate was determined so that the hourly drying rate was maintained at 0.8% between 17% and 0.6% when the moisture content (moisture) was between 17% and 14%. A reduction rate standard table is included in each.

4 compares the signals sent over time from the grain temperature detector 1 and the drying rate detector 2 with the signals sent over time from the grain temperature and drying rate reference setting circuit 3. This is a comparison circuit for sending a signal to the heating device 6 or the blower device 70 control circuit 5, and compares the grain temperature and When the value of the drying rate is larger than the value determined in the grain temperature standard table and the drying rate standard table shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a signal is immediately sent to the control circuit 5 to activate the heating device 6. The amount of fuel supplied to the grain or the amount of air blown by the blower 7 is controlled so that the grain temperature and drying rate are absolutely below the grain temperature set value and the drying rate standard set value to prevent abnormally high or rapid This serves to carry out drying while preventing the occurrence of shell cracking and deterioration of taste and other quality due to the progress of drying.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Figure 4 shows an example of a circulating grain dryer, in which 8 is the dryer main body, 9 is a grain storage section, 10 is a drying section, 1lti lower conveyor, 12 is an elevator, 13 is the upper conveyor, 14
is a feeding roll, 6 is a heating device, 15 is a hot air chamber,
16 is a ventilation chamber, and 7 is a ventilation device.

The grain passes from the storage section 9 to the drying section 10 and is delivered to the delivery roll 1.
4, and is discharged downward by the lower conveyor 11 to the elevator 1.
2 and returned to the storage section by the upper conveyor 13, this operation is repeated, but in the drying section 10, the grains are exposed to heated air for drying flowing from the hot air chamber 15 to the exhaust chamber 16, The grain temperature detector 1 is heated and dried.
The values detected by the drying rate detector 2 are sent to the control panel 21, these are compared with respective reference values, and signals are sent to the heating device and blower device to control each to be below a predetermined value. It is. However, since the grains flow down the drying section in a straight line from the top to the bottom, the grains in the hot air chamber are constantly exposed to high-temperature drying air while flowing down the drying section, and the entire grain grain is Even if the average temperature of the germ is not high, some parts of the surface of the germ can become high, and as a result, the temperature of the germ part, for example, becomes higher than the allowable value, resulting in poor germination and other defects that impair quality. It was small.

Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve the above problem, hot air as shown in Figure 4 is used to prevent the grain from degrading or becoming brittle due to the high temperature drying air on the surface of the grain while flowing down the drying section. A drying air temperature detector 18 is provided in the chamber 15 to measure the temperature of the drying air over time, and the technology provided in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-14709, that is, the grain temperature and drying rate of the grain to be dried, is sequentially measured. Detected over time,
In addition to controlling the heating device or the blower device so that the detected grain temperature and the detected drying rate are equal to or less than a predetermined value according to the moisture content (moisture) of the grain, The drying is completed while controlling the heating device so that the detected drying air temperature is below a predetermined value, which is determined in advance according to the moisture content (moisture) of the grains.

Function The present invention is in addition to the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-14709 previously provided. A drying air temperature sensor 18 is provided in the hot air chamber 15 to detect the drying air temperature over time, and the signal of the detected value is sent to a comparison circuit of the control panel and compared with the drying air temperature reference value to determine whether the grain is In order to keep the temperature of the drying air at a value that does not exceed the temperature of the drying air, which causes the surface of the drying section to reach a high temperature periodically for a certain period of time and deteriorate the quality, the heating device 6 and the blower device 7, or both, are operated. To control the
14709 technology, that is, the heating device 6 and the blower device 7 are controlled based on the detected values of the drying rate detector 1 and the grain temperature detector 2, and the drying rate and grain temperature are kept below a predetermined value to prevent the occurrence of shell cracking and the taste. A drying air temperature sensor 18 is provided in the hot air chamber 15, and the detected value is used to maintain the grain surface temperature below a predetermined value, thereby preventing deterioration of grain activity.

Embodiment An embodiment in which a block circuit and each detector for carrying out the grain drying method according to the present invention are attached to a dryer will be described. - In FIG. 5, 1 is a grain temperature detector for detecting the grain temperature of the grain to be dried over time during the drying time and sending the detection signal to the comparison circuit 20, which is a grain temperature detector according to the present invention. The device 1 is configured to detect the grain temperature of the grain to be dried over time, for example every hour, from the beginning of drying until the end of drying. Reference numeral 2 denotes a drying rate detector for detecting the drying rate, that is, the drying rate, of the grain to be dried over time during the drying time and sending the detected signal to the comparison circuit 20, For example, the detector 2 is 1
The drying loss rate, that is, the drying rate of the grain to be dried is detected over time from the beginning of drying to the end of drying. Reference numeral 18 denotes a drying air temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the drying air in the hot air chamber over time during the drying time and sending the detection signal to the comparison circuit, which detects the temperature of the drying air according to the present invention. Vessel 1
Reference numeral 8 detects the temperature of the drying air over time, for example every hour, from the beginning of drying until the end of drying. 19 is grain temperature;
A reference setting circuit for drying loss rate and drying air temperature,
This circuit 19 detects the moisture content of the grain (
It has the role of sending signals of grain temperature reference value, drying rate reference value, and drying air temperature reference value, which are determined in advance according to the moisture content), to the comparison circuit 2o, respectively, and In the rate and drying air temperature reference circuit 19, as shown in FIG.
The grain temperature is maintained below 35°C until the moisture content reaches 0%, and the grain temperature is maintained at 4% when the moisture content (moisture) of the grain to be dried is between 20% and 14%.
As shown in the grain temperature reference table that maintains the grain temperature below 0℃ and in Figure 3, the drying rate is 1% per hour until the moisture content (moisture) of the grain to be dried is 20%.

When the moisture content (moisture) is between 20% and 17%, the hourly drying rate is 0.
8%, and the drying loss rate standard table determined to maintain the hourly drying loss rate at 0.6% or less between 17% and 14% moisture content (water content) is shown in Figure 6. For example, until the moisture content (moisture) of the grain to be dried reaches 24 cm, the drying air temperature is 40°C or lower, and when the moisture content (moisture) is 14 cm, the drying air temperature is 50°C or lower and the moisture content (moisture) is 24 cm. ) is 14% to 24
The drying air temperature standard table is determined so that the drying air temperature is maintained below the drying air temperature which is higher than 40C by 1 degree Celsius for every 1 inch lower than 24 degrees. is incorporated.

20 in FIG. 5 indicates signals sent over time from the grain temperature detector 1, drying rate detector 2, and drying air temperature detector 18, as well as grain temperature, drying rate, and drying air temperature. This comparison circuit compares signals sent over time from the reference circuit 19 and sends signals to the control circuit 21 of both or one of the heating device 6 and the blower device 7. , the grain temperature, the drying rate, and the drying air temperature detected by the grain temperature detector 11, the drying rate detector 2, and the drying air temperature detector 18 are shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 3. When the values are larger than those determined in the grain temperature standard table, drying rate standard table, and drying air temperature standard table shown in FIG. By controlling the supply amount or the amount of air blown by the blower 7, the grain temperature, drying loss rate, and drying air temperature are absolutely below the grain temperature standard setting value, drying loss rate standard setting value, and drying air temperature standard setting value. It has the role of controlling the temperature so that the drying process is carried out while preventing quality deterioration such as occurrence of shell cracking, deterioration of taste, and reduction in germination due to abnormally high temperatures or rapid drying progress. It is something that

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which a circulating grain dryer is equipped with a detector and a control system according to the present invention, in which a storage section 9 is provided in the upper part, a drying section 1o is provided below the storage section 9, and a grain temperature detector 1 is provided. It is inserted into the grain in the drying section 10.

The drying air from the heating device 6 passes through the hot air chamber 15, passes between the grains in the drying section 10, is sucked by the blower device 7, and is discharged outside the dryer.
8 is provided at an appropriate position in the hot air chamber 15. The grains in the drying section 1o flow down by the feeding four wheel 14 and are returned to the storage section 9 again by the lower conveyor 11 and the elevator 12. It detects the moisture content (moisture content) of the grain by receiving the grain that is being attached and being circulated. The detection values detected by these grain temperature detectors, drying air temperature detectors, and drying rate detectors are sent to the control panel 17 as indicated by the broken line arrows. Grain temperature, drying rate, drying air temperature reference circuit 19, comparison circuit 20, control circuit 2 shown in
1 is incorporated, and control signals from this point are sent from the control panel 17 in FIG. 4 in the direction of the broken line arrow to control the heating device lt6 or the blower device 7.

Effects of the Invention The technique required when drying grains is to complete the drying as efficiently as possible without deteriorating the quality. By drying at a reduced rate, grains are prevented from crumbling and the yield is improved.Secondly, the grain temperature is prevented from rising excessively to ensure good taste.Thirdly, grains such as germs of grains are It is necessary to maintain the drying air temperature at an allowable value so that the surface temperature is below the allowable value and not to impair the germination rate, germination vigor, or other activities of the grain. Although the permissible value of is different depending on the type of grain and the moisture content of the grain, the present invention sequentially detects the grain temperature and moisture loss rate of the grain to be dried as well as the temperature of the drying air when drying the grain. While controlling the heating device and/or the blower so that the detected grain temperature, drying rate, and drying air temperature are below predetermined values that correspond to the grain type and moisture content. Since the drying process is completed, it is possible to dry the grain as efficiently as possible while preventing the grain from crumbling, deteriorating the taste, and decreasing the activity of the grain.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram for implementing the method according to the invention provided in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-14709. Figure 2,
FIG. 3 is an example of a grain temperature standard table and a drying rate standard table set in advance according to Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-14709 and the present invention, respectively. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the circulating grain dryer according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram for carrying out the method according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a preset setting according to the present invention. This is an example of a standard drying air temperature table. 1... Grain temperature detector, 2... Drying rate detector, 6...
Warming device, 7... Air blower, 8... Circulating grain dryer body, 10... Drying section, 18... Drying air temperature detector, 19... Grain temperature, drying out rate and drying air temperature reference setting circuit, 2G...comparison circuit, 21...control circuit Fig. 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] In addition to the grain temperature and moisture loss rate of the grain to be dried, the temperature of the drying air is sequentially detected over time, and the detected grain temperature, moisture loss rate, and drying air temperature are determined based on the grain type and moisture content. A heating device,
A grain drying method characterized in that drying is completed while controlling both or one of the blowers.