JPH0686983B2 - Grain dryer drying controller - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drying control device for a grain dryer, and more particularly to a drying control device capable of preventing a decrease in germination rate during drying due to moisture unevenness of grains such as seed rice. Regarding the control device.

[Prior Art] As a conventional drying control device for a grain dryer, for example, one that calculates an average moisture value from measured moisture values of grains and sets a hot air temperature based on the average moisture value is known. . (See Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-29191) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in this drying control device, when the grains such as seed rice, barley, and beer barley to be dried have a large amount of water content unevenness, There was a problem that the germination rate of water grains decreased and the taste was inferior. That is, grains have water quality unevenness due to various conditions such as sizing, immature grain quality and field conditions, presence or absence of lodging, rainfall, etc. Generally, water content unevenness increases as the water content increases, especially in the initial stage. The water content unevenness is 2 to 8% in standard deviation, and the water content distribution has various forms at present. Then, grains such as seed paddy are dried at a low temperature when the water content is high, and are dried at a predetermined water content value or less, for example, when the temperature is 20% or less, the temperature is raised to a predetermined hot air temperature to dry, so that moisture unevenness occurs. If a grain is simply dried at the hot air temperature set by the average moisture value, the high moisture grain will be exposed to high temperatures, and the germination rate of the grain will decrease and the taste will be poor.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned inconvenience, and to realize a drying control device for a grain dryer that can dry without decreasing the germination rate even when there is a lot of moisture unevenness in grains such as seed rice. is there.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve this object, the present invention has a drying chamber in which hot air is blown over the grain and a storage chamber for tempering the grain in a non-ventilated state. In a grain dryer that circulates and dries, a means for measuring the moisture value of a plurality of grains one by one, and dividing the measured moisture value data into a plurality of intervals to calculate the frequency within the interval, Is provided with a predetermined number or more, and means for calculating a section moisture value on the highest value side, and means for setting the temperature of the hot air based on the section moisture value on the highest value side are provided.

[Operation] By being configured as described above, the moisture value data of the grain measured one by one is divided into a plurality of sections, and the moisture value of the section on the highest value side where the frequency in the section is a predetermined number or more, that is, , The moisture value of the falling part of the moisture value distribution where high quality grains with high moisture content is located is determined and the temperature of the hot air is set based on this moisture value, so that high moisture grains are not exposed to high temperature hot air. , It is possible to prevent a decrease in the germination rate of grain such as seed rice.

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The structure of the grain dryer embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the grain dryer 1 includes a drying unit 2
The grain having the storage part 3 and the grain collecting part 4 and fried by the fried machine 5 is conveyed by the upper conveying means (not shown), uniformly dropped into the storage part 3, and dried in the drying part 2. After being collected, it is collected in the lower part of the grain collecting unit 4, transferred to the lower part of the fried machine 5 by a lower conveying means (not shown), and lifted up to the storage unit 3 again, and is dried while repeating the circulation. Reference numeral 6 denotes a discharge pipe used when discharging grains from the upper part of the fried machine 5 to the outside of the machine.

In order to perform this circulation, a conveyor motor 7 that drives the grain elevator 5 and the upper and lower conveyors, and a circulation motor 8 that drives a feeding valve (not shown) are provided. The rotation speed of the motor 8 changes depending on the grain type and grain amount described later. In addition, a dust remover motor 9 for discharging impurities in the grain is provided above the grain lifting machine 5.

The drying unit 2 is provided with a hot air generator that dries the grains with hot air. That is, a burner 10 that generates high-temperature air is provided on the front surface of the drying unit 2, and an exhaust fan 12 that sucks the high-temperature air by the rotation of the exhaust fan motor 11 and discharges it to the outside is provided on the rear surface side. As a result, hot air is passed through the drying unit 2 to dry the grain. On the front of this burner 10,
A control panel 13 is provided, and on the front surface of the fried machine 5, a hopper 14 used when stuffing the grains into the dryer 1 and a moisture meter 15 for detecting the moisture value of the laid grains one by one. And.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control circuit which is a main part of the control device. In the figure, 16 to 18 are various sensor groups, 16 is an outside air temperature sensor, 17 is a hot air temperature sensor, 18 is a grain temperature sensor, 19
~ 21 is a drying condition setting switch group, 19 is a stop moisture setting switch, 20 is a grain type setting switch, 21 is a grain amount setting switch, 22 to 25 are operation switch groups, 22 is a swelling switch,
23 is a dry operation switch, 24 is a discharge switch, and 25 is a stop switch.

Further, 26 is a group of various safety switches, 27 is a mode changeover switch for switching execution / non-execution of the drying control according to the present invention,
28 is an A / D conversion circuit, 29 is an encoder, and 30 is a CPU (central processing unit). The CPU 30 is composed of a microcomputer mainly including a ROM (read only memory) and a RAM (random access memory), and controls various operations of the grain dryer 1 as described later.

Further, 31 is a monitor display for displaying a faulty part of the grain dryer 1, 32 is a numerical display for alternately digitally displaying the moisture value measured by the moisture meter 15 and the hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor 17. . Reference numeral 33 is a buzzer for issuing various alarms, 34 is a burner drive circuit, and 35 is a motor drive circuit, which drives respective loads in accordance with control signals output from the CPU 30. That is, the burner drive circuit 34 includes the ignition heater 36, the ignition valve 3
7, the electromagnetic pump 38, the burner fan motor 39 is driven and controlled, and the motor drive circuit 35 controls the conveyor motor 7,
The circulation motor 8, the dust collector motor 9, the blower motor 11, and the moisture meter motor 40 are drive-controlled.

Next, the operation of the drying control device according to the present invention will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.

First, the power of the grain dryer 1 is turned on (50), the mode selector switch 27 is switched to the execution side, and the grain seed setting switch 20
Depending on the type of grain to be dried (rice, wheat, beer, etc.) K
(51) and set the grain amount setting switch 21
When the grain amount W is set (52) and the drying operation switch 23 is turned on (53), the CPU 30 outputs a control signal to the motor drive circuit 35 and the burner drive circuit 34 to drive each motor and the burner 10 Ignite (54).

Then, the moisture meter 15 is activated, and one grain, for example, 200 grains in the dryer 1 is sampled and the moisture value is measured (55),
The following data processing (56) is performed based on the measured water content data of 200 pieces. That is, the average water content value Mμ, the maximum value and the minimum value are obtained from 200 pieces of data, and the sections of the maximum value and the minimum value are divided into, for example, every 0.5% to set a plurality of sections, and the frequency of each section ( Number of data)
Chuck the frequency of each section from the highest value side, and the moisture value Ml of the first section when the frequency becomes a predetermined number or more, for example 5 or more.
Ask for. As the section moisture value Ml, the median value of the section is preferable, but when the width of the section is small, the minimum value or the maximum value of the section may be used.

When each moisture value is obtained in step (56), the CPU30
Is the section moisture value Ml, the grain type K and the grain amount W that have already been set, and the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 16.
Each data such as Te is read (57), and it is judged (58) whether the average water content value Mμ is not more than the stopped water content value Mt, and this judgment (58)
In the case of NO, the hot air temperature Ts (hereinafter referred to as the set hot air temperature) is calculated and set (59) based on a predetermined arithmetic expression. The set hot air temperature Ts, the CPU 30 compares the temperature Ts with the temperature Tn detected by the hot air sensor 17, changes the drive frequency of the electromagnetic pump 38 according to the comparison result, and
It is for controlling so that Tn becomes Ts.

Further, when the set hot air temperature Ts is set, the CPU 30 determines whether or not the drying loss rate α is equal to or less than a certain value based on the average moisture value Mμ (60). Here, the drying loss rate α indicates the degree of dryness per time determined by the performance of the grain dryer 1 and the like, and is calculated by the CPU 30 by the following calculation formula, for example.

α = (Mμ _n-1 −M μn) / (t _n −t _{n −1} ) If the drying loss rate α calculated in this step (60) is not below a certain value, the drying loss rate α will be below a certain value. The set hot air temperature Ts is raised or lowered (61) to change the drive frequency of the electromagnetic pump 38, and this state is maintained for a predetermined time, for example, 1 hour (62), and then the process returns to the step (55).

When the dryness reduction rate α is less than a certain value, a predetermined time, for example, 30 minutes has elapsed (63), the process returns to the step (55), and if the determination (58) is YES, that is, the average moisture value Mμ When the water content becomes less than the stop moisture value Mt, the burner 10 is stopped (64), various motors are stopped (65) after a predetermined time, and the drying is finished (66).

The frequency of the section for calculating the section moisture value Ml in step (56) is 3 to 3 when the number of grains to be measured is 100 to 300.
It has been confirmed by experiments that if the number is 10, the falling edge of the distribution of good quality grains can be accurately captured.

In this way, in the drying control device according to the present invention, from the moisture value data of a plurality of grains measured one grain at a time, a plurality of sections are set, and the frequency of this section is checked from the highest value side. For example, the section moisture value Ml of 5 or more, that is, the moisture value of the falling portion of the moisture value distribution where the high-moisture grain is located is obtained, and the set hot air temperature is determined by this section moisture value Ml.
Since the Ts is set, when seeds such as rice seeds with a large amount of water content are dried at low temperature when the water content is high and at high temperature when the water content is low, the high-moisture content is not exposed to high temperature hot air, and the germination rate decreases. It is possible to prevent the deterioration of grain taste and prevent overdrying of low-moisture grain, and to easily and safely dry grain such as seed paddy. In addition, the drying time can be shortened in the case of grains having little water content unevenness.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that the water content is measured two or more times while the grain circulates once,
Set hot air temperature Ts using the highest section moisture value Ml
The point is to set. In this embodiment, the same steps as those in the above embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.

When the water content is measured in step (55), it is judged whether or not the measurement is the first measurement (70). In the case of the first measurement, the step jumps to step (63) and the next water content measurement is started. In the case of the second measurement in (70), the data processing (71) of the first measurement data and the second measurement data is performed.
The data processing at this time is, in addition to the processing similar to the above-described embodiment, the section moisture value based on the first and second measurement data.
Obtain the water content Ml in the large interval between Ml ₁ and Ml ₂ .

Then, various data is read (72), it is judged whether or not the average moisture value Mμ is less than or equal to the stop moisture value Mt (73), and in the case of NO, after setting the hot air temperature Ts (74), the grain amount W and the average moisture content are set. Value M
Based on μ etc., the rotation number of the circulation motor 7 is controlled (75) so that one circulation time of the grain is from 30 minutes to 60 minutes, and it is determined whether the drying loss rate α is equal to or less than a certain value ( Go to 60).
Since the other steps are the same as those in the above embodiment,
The description is omitted.

In this embodiment, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained, and in addition, the hot air temperature Ts is set at the higher section moisture value Ml by measuring the moisture twice or more in one circulation, and therefore the safety is improved. It is possible to further improve and further prevent a decrease in germination rate of high-moisture grains.

In each of the above examples, as the section moisture value Ml,
The frequency of the section was checked from the highest value side, and the section moisture value that first becomes equal to or more than the predetermined number was used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the frequency of the section becomes equal to or more than the predetermined number twice in succession. In such a case, or when the frequency continues for two times and the frequency increases, for example, the second interval moisture value can be used.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, in the drying control device for a grain dryer according to the present invention, the temperature of hot air that is blown onto grains such as seed paddy is measured to obtain moisture value data for each grain. In addition to dividing into multiple sections, since the frequency in this section is set based on the section moisture value on the highest value side that becomes a predetermined number or more,
The hot air temperature can be set by the moisture value of the falling part of the distribution where the high-moisture grain is located in the grain moisture value distribution. The effect of preventing the deterioration of the eating quality of grains by preventing the germination rate from being lowered is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the grain dryer, FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control circuit, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the drying control device. The figure is a flow chart showing another embodiment of the same operation. 1 ... Grain dryer, 2 ... Drying unit, 3 ... Storage unit, 4 ... Grain collecting unit, 5 ... Lifting machine, 13 ... Control panel, 15 ... Moisture meter, 30 ... CPU, Ml: interval moisture value, Ts: set hot air temperature.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A. A grain dryer having a drying chamber for exposing the grain to hot air and a storage chamber for tempering the grain without ventilation, wherein the grain is circulated and dried in both chambers; A means for measuring the water content of a plurality of grains one by one, and c. A unit for dividing the measured water content data into a plurality of sections to calculate the frequency within the section, and calculating a section water value on the highest value side where the frequency is a predetermined number or more; Means for setting the temperature of the hot air based on the section moisture value on the highest value side, and a drying control device for a grain dryer.