JPH0861851A - Drying control device for crop particle drying machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve a drying performance of crop particles by a method wherein an average heating amount during one period or a plurality of periods is compared with a set heating amount and an intermittent combustion is controlled. CONSTITUTION: Heating amounts K1 , K2 ,...Kn are calculated in response to a surrounding air temperature TA and a drying air temperature TB measured by a surrounding air temperature sensor and a hot air temperature sensor for every predetermined time within an ON-OFF predetermined time of a fuel pump and the like. An average heating amount either one period of ON-OFF of a burner or during N periods is compared with a set heating amount calculated in response to a set drying air temperature and a measured surrounding air temperature TA in reference to an average value of these heating amounts K1 , K2 ,...Kn. Then, if they are different from each other, ON-OFF time of the fuel pump and the like is controlled to be increased or decreased in such a manner that the heating amount may become equal to the set heating amount to cause the average heating amount to be equal to the set heating amount and then the crop particles are dried. The measured drying air temperature is controlled to be increased or decreased to cause the crop particles to be dried.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drying control device for a grain dryer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, grains stored in a grain storage chamber of a grain dryer are fed out from this storage chamber to the grain drying chamber and circulated. . The drying air temperature (TC) generated from the burner is set according to the amount of grains inflated into the storage chamber, the type of grain, the outside air temperature (TA) measured by the outside air temperature sensor, etc., and the dryer is started. Then, when the drying of the grain is started, the fuel pump or the like for supplying the combustion fuel to the burner is ON-OFF controlled at predetermined time intervals, and when the fuel pump or the like is ON, the burner is turned on. Is burned during ON time to generate hot air, and the hot air and the outside air are mixed to form a dry air, and the dry air passes through the drying chamber, so that the grains flowing down in the drying chamber Is dried by being exposed to this dry air. Further, when the fuel pump or the like is turned off, the burner stops combustion during the off time and hot air is not generated. Therefore, the drying of the grain is stopped during this period.

During the above drying operation, the temperature of the drying air (TB)
Is measured by a hot air temperature sensor, and the measured dry air temperature (TB) is compared with the set dry air temperature (TC). If they are different, the temperature is the same as the set dry air temperature (TC). The ON / OFF time of the fuel pump or the like is controlled to increase or decrease, and the measured dry air temperature (TB) is increased or decreased to control the grain.

In the above, the dry air temperature (TB) is controlled by the intermittent combustion in which the burner is burned and stopped.
Since the temperature of the drying air (TB) cannot be accurately grasped depending on the measurement time, it fluctuates by gradually increasing or gradually decreasing, and the drying performance of the grain is not stable. However, even if the average heating amount is detected only when the burner burns, the actual dry air temperature (T
In B), there are many fluctuations, which makes it difficult to judge.
It is intended to eliminate these.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a fuel for supplying combustion fuel to a burner 3 is provided by feeding and burning a grain from an upper grain storage chamber 7 to a lower grain drying chamber 8 for circulation. While the pump 20 is turned on and off at predetermined time intervals to burn and stop the combustion in the burner 3, a dry air in which hot air generated from the burner 3 and outside air is mixed is blown into the drying chamber 8 for drying. In the grain dryer provided with an outside air temperature sensor 48 ′ for measuring the outside air temperature (TA) and the dry air temperature (TB) and a hot air temperature sensor 48, the fuel pump 20 is provided with ON-OFF
Within a predetermined time, the heating amount (K1, K2) is detected by the detected outside air temperature (TA) and the detected dry air temperature (TB) at every predetermined time.
, K3, K4 ... Kn) are calculated, and these heating amounts (K1
, K2, K3, K4 ... Kn), the average heating amount (KAVE) during one cycle or during one cycle is calculated,
The ON-OFF time of the fuel pump 20 is increased / decreased by comparing the average heating amount (KAVE), the set drying air temperature (TC), and the set heating amount (KS) calculated from the outside air temperature (TA). And a control device 45 for controlling the grain drying machine.

[0006]

The function and effect of the present invention The grains stored in the grain storage chamber 7 of the grain dryer are fed out from this storage chamber 7 to the grain drying chamber 8 and circulated. The dry air temperature (TC) generated from the burner 3 is set according to the amount of grain infused into the storage chamber 7, the type of grain, the outside air temperature (TA) measured by the outside air temperature sensor 48 ', and the like. When the dryer is started and the drying of the grain is started, the fuel pump 20 or the like for supplying the combustion fuel to the burner 3 is turned on at a predetermined time interval.
FF control is performed, and the burner 3 turns on the fuel pump 20 and the like.
At this time, the burner 3 burns during the ON time to generate hot air, and the hot air and the outside air mix to become dry air, and the dry air passes through the drying chamber 8 to The grain flowing down in the drying chamber 8 is exposed to the dry air and dried. When the fuel pump 20 is off,
The burner 3 stops combustion during the OFF time and hot air is not generated. Therefore, the drying of the grain is stopped during this period.
As described above, the burner 3 is subjected to intermittent combustion control.

During the above-mentioned drying operation, the outside air temperature (T) measured by the outside air temperature sensor 48 'and the hot air temperature sensor 48 at every predetermined time within a predetermined time of ON-OFF of the fuel pump 20 and the like.
A) and drying air temperature (TB) depending on the heating amount (K1, K
2, K3, K4 ... Kn) is calculated, and the average value of these heating amounts (K1, K2, K3, K4 ... Kn) is calculated.
The average heating amount (KAVE) during one cycle of the burner 3 ON-OFF or during one of the N cycles is calculated, and the calculated average heating amount (KAVE) and the set dry air temperature (TC) are measured. The outside air temperature (TA) is compared with the set heating amount (KS) calculated from the outside air temperature (TA).
S) so that the fuel pump 20 or the like is turned on-
The OFF time is increased or decreased to control the average heating amount (KAV
E) and the set heating amount (KS) are made the same, and the grain is dried. The measured drying air temperature (TB) is controlled to be increased or decreased to dry the grain.

[0008] As described above, the dry air temperature (TB) and the set dry air temperature (TC) that are simply measured are not compared, but the heating amount is compared, so that the combustion air during intermittent combustion can be used. The fuel control is simplified, and the intermittent combustion is controlled by comparing the average heating amount (KAVE) with the set heating amount (KS) during one cycle or N cycles, so that the grain drying performance is controlled. Is stable, and the average heating amount (KAVE
), The dry air temperature (TB) is detected more accurately.

[0009]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The illustrated example is a circulation type grain dryer 1 for drying grains.
It shows a state in which a moisture sensor 2 for detecting moisture in the grain, a burner 3 for generating hot air, etc. are mounted. The dryer 1 has a rectangular shape that is long in the front-rear direction, and the upper part of the machine wall 4 is
A transfer trough 5 and a ceiling plate 6 in which a transfer spiral is rotatably installed are provided, and a grain storage chamber 7 for storing grains is formed below the ceiling plate 6.

The grain drying chambers 8 and 8 are provided below the storage chamber 7 between the exhaust chambers 9 and 9 on both the left and right sides and the blower chamber 10 at the center, and below the drying chambers 8 and 8. Each of the feeding valves 11 for feeding and dropping the grain is rotatably supported. The grain collecting trough 12 rotatably supports a transfer spiral and is provided below the drying chambers 8 and 8 to communicate with each other.

The burner 3 is installed inside a burner case 13, and the burner case 13 is detachably attached to the outer surface of the front machine wall 4 on the front side of the front machine wall 4 so as to correspond to the inlet side of the blower chamber 10. Installed in the dryer, the dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2
Further, an operating device 14 for starting and stopping the burner 3 and the like for each work of loading, drying and discharging is detachably provided on the outer surface of the front machine wall 4.

The exhaust fan 15 is provided on a central rear air exhaust cylinder 17 of an exhaust passage chamber 16 provided to communicate with the exhaust chambers 9, 9 on the left and right sides of the rear machine wall 4. An exhaust fan motor 18 that rotationally drives the exhaust fan 15 is provided on the wall 4.
The valve motor 19 rotationally drives the delivery valves 11, 11 via a speed reduction mechanism.

The fuel pump 20 has a fuel valve,
The fuel pump 20 is provided outside the lower plate of the burner case 13, and the fuel in the fuel tank 21 is sucked by the fuel pump 20 and supplied to the burner 3. Blower 22
Is provided on the outer side of the upper plate and is rotationally driven at a variable speed by a fan motor 23 for speed change so that combustion air commensurate with the amount of fuel supplied is blown by the fan 22 to the burner 3. The burner 3
The hot air generated from the burner and the outside air passing through the burner case 13 are mixed to form a dry air.

The combustion system such as the fuel valve, the fuel pump 20, the blower motor 23, etc. is ON-OFF controlled at predetermined time intervals which are set and stored, and the burner 3 burns and stops combustion by this ON-OFF control. Then, hot air is generated from the burner 3 or stopped. The diffuser 24 is a central portion of the transfer gutter 5 bottom plate in the front-rear direction,
It is provided below the supply port for supplying the transferred grains to the storage chamber 7, and the grains are uniformly diffused and returned to the storage chamber 7.

The grain raising machine 25 is provided on the outside of the front machine wall 4 and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 26 stretched inside. The upper end of the grain raiser is provided between the transfer gutter 5 and the starting end. 27 is provided for communication, and the lower end portion is provided with a supply gutter 28 for communication with the terminal end portion of the grain collecting gutter 12. The grain elevator motor 29 rotationally drives the belt with the bucket conveyor 26, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 5, the transfer spiral in the diffuser 24 and the grain collecting gutter 12, and the like.

The moisture sensor 2 is provided substantially vertically in the center of the grain raising machine 25. The moisture sensor 2 is provided on the operating device 1.
By transmitting the electric measurement signal from 4, the moisture motor 30
Is rotated and each part of the moisture sensor 2 is rotationally driven to receive the grain falling during the upper conveyance by the bucket conveyor 26, and the moisture of the crushed grain is detected while the grain is crushed under pressure. ing.

The operating device 14 has a box shape and is of a push button type in which a dryer 1, a moisture sensor 2, a burner 3 and the like are put on a surface plate of the box body, and the starting operation is performed for each operation of drying and discharging. Each ON-OFF switch starting means 31a, 31
b, 31c, stopping means 32 for stopping operation, moisture setting means 33 for setting the finishing target moisture of the grain, respective display lamps 34 for each moisture, grain type setting means 35 for setting the hot air temperature generated from the burner 3, Indicators for each type of grain 3
6, the amount of swelling amount setting means 37 for setting the amount of spilled grains, the respective display lamps 38 for both the number of stones and ventilation drying, the moisture correction means 39 for correcting the grain moisture value, and the set time of the timer 40. Timer increase / decrease setting means 41a, 41 for increasing or decreasing
b, a buzzer stop means 42, a display section 43 for digitally displaying various display items, a monitor display lamp 44, and the like are provided.

The control device 45 and the timer 40 are provided in the operating device 14, and detect the paddy flow sensor 46, input digital sensor information, and each means 31a, 31b, 31c ,.
32, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41a, 41b, 42
Of the digital input circuit (A) 47, the moisture sensor 2, the hot air temperature sensor 48, and the outside air temperature sensor 48 ', and the analog input circuit 49 into which the analog sensor information is input, and the AD conversion. The circuit 50, the serial data receiving circuit 51, the digital input circuit (B) 53 to which the memory clear 52 is input, and these circuits 47, 49, 5
The dryer control microcomputer 54 and the memory 55 that perform arithmetic logic operation and comparison operation on the inputs from 0, 51 and 53, and the blower motor 18 through the output circuit (A) 56 in response to a command from the dryer control microcomputer 54, Valve motor 19
And the grain-raising machine motor 29 is controlled to start and stop, the fuel valve, the fuel pump 20 and the blower motor 23 are started, stopped and adjusted to be controlled via the output circuit (B) 57, and the moisture motor is controlled via the output circuit (C) 58. 30 is controlled to start and stop, various items are displayed on the display unit 43 via the display circuit 59, the buzzer 61 is operated and controlled via the output circuit (D) 60, the serial data transmission circuit 62 and the non-volatile memory 63.
And so on.

Heating amount (K1, K2, K3, K4 ... Kn
) Is calculated as shown in FIG. 1 within a predetermined time of ON-OFF of the combustion system (fuel valve, fuel pump 20 and blower motor 23), and the dry air temperature (TB) measured by the hot air temperature sensor 48 every predetermined time. And the outside air temperature (TA) measured by the outside air temperature sensor 48 'are input to the control device 45, and the respective heating amounts (K1, K1) are obtained by the input drying air temperature (TB) and outside air temperature (TA). K2, K3, K4, ... Kn) are calculated, and the calculated heating amounts (K1, K2, K) are calculated.
3, K4 ... Kn), the average heating amount (K) during one cycle of the burner 3 ON-OFF or during one of the N cycles.
AVE) is calculated by the following calculation formula.

Average heating amount (KAVE) = each heating amount (K1 +
K2 + K3 + K4 ...... + Kn) / number of measurements N Set heating amount (KS) is set dry air temperature (TC)
And the outside air temperature (TA) measured by the outside air temperature sensor 48 ', which is calculated by the controller 45, and the set heating amount (KS) is compared with the average heating amount (KAVE) calculated above.
If they are different, the proportion of the ON time of the ON-OFF time of the combustion system (fuel valve, fuel pump 20 and blower motor 23) is increased or decreased so that it becomes the same as the set heating amount (KS). The ON-OFF ratio is changed.

The operation of the above embodiment will be described below. The setting means 33, 35, 37 of the operating device 14 are operated in accordance with the predetermined display positions of the respective display lamps 34, 36, 38 to set various items, and the starting means 31b for starting the drying operation is operated. As a result, the grain dryer 1 is started,
The burner 3 burns and ceases to burn, hot air is generated during burning from the burner 3, and the dry air in which the hot air and the outside air are mixed passes from the blower chamber 10 to the grain drying chambers 8 and 8. ,
The exhaust air is sucked and exhausted by the exhaust fan 15 through the exhaust air chambers 9, 9 and the exhaust air passage chamber 16.

The grains stored in the grain storage chamber 7 are dried by being exposed to dry air while flowing down from the storage chamber 7 into the drying chambers 8, 8. It is fed out and flows down, and from the grain collecting gutter 12 through the supply gutter 28 to the grain raising machine 25.
It is transferred and supplied by the lower transfer spiral to the inside, and is conveyed to the upper part by the bucket conveyor 26, and is transferred and supplied by the upper transfer spiral from the ejection cylinder 27 through the transfer gutter 5 and onto the diffuser plate 24 by the diffuser plate 24. It is uniformly diffused and reduced into the storage chamber 7 and circulated and dried.

When the moisture sensor 2 detects the grain moisture which is the same as the finishing target moisture set by the operation of the moisture setting means 33 or the following grain moisture, it is determined that the drying is completed, and the controller 45 automatically controls it to dry the dryer. 1 is automatically stopped, and the drying of the grain is stopped. The combustion control of the burner 3 during the above-mentioned drying work is
Drying is STARTed (step 101), it is detected whether it is drying (step 102), and if NO is detected, the process returns to step 102. If YES is detected, the hot air temperature sensor 4
8 measures the dry air temperature (TB) and reads it (step 103), and the outside air temperature sensor 48 'measures the outside air temperature (TA) and reads it (step 104). Dry air temperature (TB) -outside air temperature From (TA), each heating amount (K1, K2
, K3, K4 ... Kn) are calculated and stored in the memory 55 (step 105), and it is detected whether a fixed time has elapsed (step 106). If NO is detected, step 10 is executed.
Return to 6. If YES is detected, it is detected within the cycle time (step 107), and if YES is detected, step 1 is performed.
Return to 03. If NO is detected, the average heating amount (KAVE) during one cycle is calculated from the heating amount (K1, K2, K3, K4 ... Kn) data in the memory 55 (step 10).
8), the set dry air temperature (TC) is determined (step 1
09), measured outside air temperature (TA) and set dry air temperature (T
C) and the set heating amount (KS) is calculated (step 1
10) The average heating amount (KAVE) ≤ (1-α) / set heating amount (KS) is detected (step 111), and if YES is detected, the combustion system (fuel valve, fuel pump 20 and blower motor). The ON time of 23) is set longer by a predetermined value (step 112), and the combustion system is turned on (step 11).
3), RET is performed (step 114).

If NO is detected in step 111, the average heating amount (KAVE) ≧ (1 + α) / set heating amount (KS) is detected (step 115), and if YES is detected, the ON time of the combustion system is detected. Is set to a predetermined value short (step 1
16) and proceeds to step 113. NO in step 115
If it is detected that the ON time of the combustion system is set to the previous value (step 117).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another operation, in which the heating amount (K) is calculated from the drying air temperature (TB) and the outside air temperature (TA), and this heating amount (K) is calculated at that time. The burner 3 determines and controls misfire when the fuel flow rate is less than a predetermined rate of a predetermined heating amount (KA). In the misfire control of the burner 3, the drying is started (step 201), it is detected whether the drying is in progress (step 202), and if NO is detected, the process returns to step 202. If YES is detected, the combustion system (fuel valve, fuel pump 20, and blower motor 23)
Is detected to be ON (step 203), and if NO is detected, the process returns to step 202. When YES is detected, the hot air temperature sensor 48 measures and reads the dry air temperature (TB) (step 204), and the outside air temperature sensor 48 ′ measures and reads the outside air temperature (TA) (step 205). Dry air temperature (TB) -warming amount (K) from outside air temperature (TA)
It is calculated (step 206), and the fuel pump 20 is turned on.
The heating amount (KA) is calculated from the time (step 20).
7) It is detected whether the amount of heating (K) ≤ α · the amount of heating (KA) (α is a misfire determination constant) (step 208), and if YES is detected, misfire is detected and misfire processing is performed (step 2).
09) and RET (step 210).

When NO is detected in step 208, it is detected whether or not a fixed time has elapsed (step 211), and when NO is detected, the process returns to step 211. If YES is detected, the process returns to step 204. From the above, depending on whether or not the heating amount is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the misfire determination is performed,
A reliable judgment is possible. The determination can be made at the same timing regardless of whether the dry air temperature (TB) is high or low.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment, in which the combustion system (fuel valve, fuel pump 20 and blower motor 23) is constantly operated when the misfire judgment of the burner 3 is made by the drop of the dry air temperature (TB). When it is ON, misfire is always judged during drying. When the combustion system is turned on and off intermittently, misfire detection control is performed only while the combustion system is on.

For the misfire control of the burner 3, the drying is START.
Then, (step 301), it is detected whether or not drying is in progress (step 302), and if NO is detected, the process returns to step 302.
If YES is detected, it is detected whether the combustion system (fuel valve, fuel pump 20 and blower motor 23) is ON (step 303), and the hot air temperature sensor 48 measures and reads the dry air temperature (TB) (step 304). ), The dry air temperature difference (t) is calculated by comparing with the previous dry air temperature (TB) (t) = (TB) -1- (TB) (step 305), and the dry air temperature difference (t) ≧ misfire It is detected whether or not the fall judgment range (t0) of the judgment (step 306), and if YES is detected, misfire is detected and misfire processing is performed (step 307), and RET
(Step 308).

If NO is detected in step 306, it is detected whether or not a fixed time has elapsed (step 309), and if NO is detected, the process returns to step 309. If YES is detected, the process returns to step 304. As described above, the misfire determination of misfire determination is eliminated by detecting the drop of the dry air temperature (TB) only when the combustion system is ON.

[Brief description of drawings]

 The figure shows an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a relational diagram between ON-OFF of a combustion system and outside air temperature and dry air temperature.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram.

[Fig. 3] Side view of the grain dryer that can be partially broken

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view in which a part of the operating device is broken.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the operation of another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the operation of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Burner 7 Grain storage chamber 8 Grain drying chamber 20 Fuel pump 45 Controller 48 Hot air temperature sensor 48 'Outside air temperature sensor (TA) Outside air temperature (TB) Dry air temperature (TC) Set dry air temperature (KAVE) Average addition Temperature (KS) Set heating amount

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fuel pump 20 for supplying combustion fuel to a burner 3 is turned on at predetermined time intervals while feeding and circulating the grains from the grain storage chamber 7 in the upper portion to the grain drying chamber 8 in the lower portion. Provided for a drying control method in which a dry air, in which hot air generated from the burner 3 and outside air are mixed, is blown into the drying chamber 8 to dry while turning off and burning and stopping combustion in the burner 3. At the same time, in the grain dryer provided with the outside air temperature sensor 48 ′ for measuring the outside air temperature (TA) and the drying air temperature (TB), and the hot air temperature sensor 48, within a predetermined time of ON-OFF of the fuel pump 20. , The heating amount (K1, K2, K3, K4 ... Kn) is calculated from the detected outside air temperature (TA) and the detected dry air temperature (TB) at every predetermined time, and these heating amounts (K1, K2, K3) are calculated. , K4 ...... Kn
), The average heating amount (KAVE) during one cycle or during the cycle is calculated, and is calculated from this average heating amount (KAVE), the set dry air temperature (TC), and the outside air temperature (TA). A drying control device for a grain dryer, comprising a control device 45 for increasing / decreasing an ON-OFF time of the fuel pump 20 by comparing the set heating amount (KS).