JPS60181580A - Method of drying cereal - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method for automatically drying grains so that even if significantly less grain than the normal storage capacity is stored, the grains are less likely to crack and have good taste. This article relates to a grain drying method that allows drying of grains.

Conventionally, in order to efficiently obtain dried grains with less occurrence of shell cracking and good taste, grain temperature and moisture values of the grains to be dried were measured over time, and calculations were made from the measured grain temperature and moisture values obtained. Grain drying in which drying is performed while controlling both or either of a heating device and a blower device so that both or either of the drying rates is below a preset expected grain temperature and preset drying rate. The method is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-150475.
Publication No. 57-213191 and Japanese Patent Application No. 1973)
As described in No. 213192, these were previously developed by the present applicant.

By the way, in this conventional grain drying method that controls grain temperature and moisture, as shown in the moisture and temperature change curve graph in Figure 1, the moisture value of the grain has less uneven moisture between grains. 22% and entering the grain temperature and moisture control law, the grain temperature and/or moisture values measured every hour after the start of drying will be equal to the preset grain temperature reference value and moisture reference value. The grains to be dried are dried to a predetermined value by controlling both or one of the heating device and the blowing device according to the difference, and drying air at an appropriate hot air temperature and air flow rate. At least.

However, during the grain drying operation as described above, in addition to always drying the normal amount of grain, there are cases in which an amount significantly smaller than the normal amount of grain is dried.

In such a case, when grain temperature and moisture values were measured every 4 degrees IF and the grain temperature and moisture values were controlled based on the measured grain temperature and moisture values, as in the conventional drying method, the following Because it takes a long time to measure the amount of grain stored, grains with a significantly lower storage capacity will undergo a greater number of circulation flows than those with a normal storage capacity, and during this period, the drying process will occur many times, resulting in the grain becoming overdried. As a result of the frequent occurrence of shell cracks, the grain temperature and moisture value also change significantly by the time of the next control, resulting in the drawback that accurate drying is not possible, and there is a strong desire to improve this problem.

Therefore, in order to solve the drawbacks of conventional grain dryers, the present invention aims to reduce the measurement interval of grain temperature and/or moisture value when the capacity of grain to be dried is significantly less than the normal capacity. To accurately automatically dry even fractional quantities of grain without causing shell cracking by shortening the time and increasing the number of measurements and quickly controlling both or one of the grain temperature and moisture value. The purpose of this study is to obtain a method for drying grains that allows for drying of grains.

In view of the foregoing, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method in which the grain temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried are measured over time, and both the measured grain temperature and the measured drying rate obtained are drying is performed while controlling both or one of the heating device and the blowing device so that either one is below a preset value, and the amount of grain to be dried is significantly larger than the normal storage amount. This grain drying method is characterized by shortening the measurement interval of grain temperature and/or moisture value when the amount is low, and according to this grain drying method, Even if the grain storage capacity is significantly lower than the normal storage capacity, simple control operations that shorten the measurement interval of grain temperature and moisture values and increase the number of months of measurement can be used to reduce the amount of grain during the drying process. Changes in the measured grain temperature and measured moisture value can be detected more quickly, and both or one of the grain temperature and drying rate can be quickly adjusted to a preset value by operating the heating device and/or the blower. As a result, the grain can be dried accurately without shell cracking, and because the measurement interval is short, changes in grain temperature and moisture values are also small. This solves the drawback of the conventional method that the control cannot be kept up, and achieves the effect that the control operation can be achieved smoothly and accurately.

A block circuit for carrying out the grain drying method according to the present invention will be explained below.

In FIG. 3, 1 is a grain amount detector for detecting the amount of grain to be dried and sending the detection signal to the comparison circuit 3, and 2 is a grain amount standard setting circuit. has the role of sending a signal of the grain amount standard value to the comparison circuit 3 when the grain amount of the grain to be dried is detected. A table of standard grain quantities is included.

3 compares the signal sent from the grain amount detector 1 with the signal sent from the grain amount standard setting circuit 2, and determines whether or not both the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5 It is a comparison circuit for sending a signal commensurate with the storage capacity to either one, and when the grain storage capacity detected by the grain amount detector IK is the normal storage capacity, it sends a signal to the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5. The grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value are sent in such a way that the detection interval is, for example, every hour, and the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value are The detection interval of the detector 5 is shortened to every 30 minutes, for example, so that the detection can be performed over time.

Numeral 4 is a grain temperature detector for detecting the grain temperature of the grain to be dried over time during the drying time and sending the measured grain temperature to the comparison calculation circuit 7. The grain temperature detector 4 according to the present invention When the storage capacity of grain to be dried is the normal storage capacity, the grain temperature is detected, for example, every hour, and when the storage capacity is significantly smaller than the normal storage capacity, for example, when it is approximately half, the grain temperature is detected, for example, every 30 minutes. The grain temperature is detected and the signal is sent to a comparison calculation circuit T.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a moisture value detector for statically detecting the moisture value of the grain to be dried during the drying time and sending the measured moisture value to the comparison calculation circuit 7, and the moisture value detector 5 according to the present invention. detects the moisture value every hour, for example, when the storage capacity of grain to be dried is the normal storage capacity, and detects the moisture value every 30 minutes, for example, when the storage capacity is significantly smaller than the normal storage capacity, for example, when it is about half of the normal storage capacity. The moisture value is detected and the signal is sent to the comparison calculation circuit 7. Therefore, the detection intervals of the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5 are changed at any time depending on the amount of grain accommodated.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a grain temperature and moisture value standard setting circuit, and this circuit 6 sets a grain temperature and moisture value standard setting circuit that is predetermined according to the moisture content of the grain when the grain temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried is detected over time. It has the role of sending signals of the value and the moisture standard value to the comparison calculation circuit 7, and the grain temperature and moisture standard setting circuit 6 includes, for example, in the case of paddy, when the grain temperature is below 40°C. In addition, in the case of wheat, the grain temperature is maintained at 46℃ or less, and in the case of beer barley, the grain temperature is maintained at 40℃ or less, and the moisture content of the dried grain is 20%. ~15
%, a predetermined moisture value reference table is incorporated respectively so that drying can be performed at a drying rate of 0.8% per hour.

7 is a signal sent over time from either or both of the grain temperature detector 4 and moisture value detector 5, and signals sent over time from the grain temperature and moisture value reference setting circuit 6. It is a comparison calculation circuit for comparing the received signal and sending a signal to the control device 8 for controlling both or one of the heating device 9 and the blower device 100, and detects grain temperature during drying operation. If the grain temperature and moisture values detected over time by the grain temperature detector 4 and the moisture value detector 5 are different from the values set in the grain temperature reference table and the moisture value reference table, the control circuit 8 immediately 1. Send a signal to control the fuel supply amount and air blowing amount of both or one of the heating device 9 and the blower device 10 to change the hot WL temperature of the dry air or the air blowing amount. Controls the grain temperature and drying rate of the grain to be dried to be below the grain temperature standard value and drying rate standard value to prevent shell cracking and quality deterioration due to abnormally high temperatures or rapid drying progress. It has the role of performing drying while drying.

Next, its effect will be explained.

Now, as shown in the drying time, moisture, and temperature change curve graph in Figure 2, the initial moisture content is, for example, 24.8%, and the amount of grain is approximately half that of the regular storage lid. When it is desired to automatically dry grains to a predetermined moisture standard value (for example, 0.8%), the grain amount detector 1, grain amount standard setting circuit 2, and comparison circuit 3 are activated at the same time as the grains to be dried are input. Then, a signal corresponding to the amount of grain to be dried is sent to the moisture value detector 5, and each measurement interval is changed and controlled according to the amount of grain. In other words, when the storage capacity of grain is the regular storage lid, the measurement interval is, for example, every hour, and the detection work is performed over time, and when the storage capacity is significantly less than the normal storage capacity, for example, about half, the measurement interval is control to perform detection work over time every 30 minutes.

Once the measurement interval is determined according to the storage capacity as described above, the heating device 9 and the blower device 10 are operated to blow dry air to dry the grains to a moisture content of 22%, which reduces the occurrence of moisture unevenness. Dry until And the moisture value of the dried grain is 22
%, the drying operation enters automatic control, and a computation circuit compares the grain temperature and moisture value signals detected by the moisture value detector 5 at 30 minute intervals. At the same time, a signal is sent from the moisture value setting circuit 6 to the comparison calculation circuit 7, and the two are compared. As a result, a control signal is quickly sent to the control circuit 8 according to the difference between the measured moisture value obtained over time and the preset moisture reference value, and based on this control signal, the heating device 9 and the blower device 100, or either one of them is automatically controlled,
Controlling the hot air temperature and/or air flow rate,
The drying work may be performed sequentially over time while controlling the moisture value of the grain to be dried to be a predetermined value of a preset moisture reference value (for example, 0.8%).

Regarding grain temperature, the signals from the grain temperature setting circuit 6 and the grain temperature detection circuit 4 are compared by the comparison calculation circuit 7, and based on the control signal from the control circuit 8, the heating device 9 and/or the blower 10 are controlled. It is the same as above that one of these is controlled and the grain temperature of the grain to be dried is kept below a preset #lagoon standard value (for example, 40° C. for paddy, 46° C. for wheat, and 40° C. for vinyl wheat). Regarding grain temperature, the time when the moisture value is high (22
% or more), it is of course possible to measure at short time intervals.

Therefore, even if the amount of grain to be dried is significantly smaller than the normal amount of grain to be dried, the temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried are Since it is quickly controlled without being changed more than the predetermined value, an increase in the number of circulation flows may lead to an overdrying state, which may cause shell cracking, or the difference from the predetermined value may be too large to control. To accurately dry even a small quantity of grains without any difficulty and to efficiently obtain dried grains with good taste. .

Note that even with the above-mentioned control means, if it is not possible to simultaneously control both the grain temperature and the drying rate so that they are below a predetermined value, the control of either the grain temperature or the drying rate is ignored and either one is controlled. It is only necessary to finish the drying while controlling the temperature so that only the temperature becomes a predetermined value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a grain temperature, moisture, and temperature change curve graph diagram for explaining the conventional grain drying method, and FIG. 2 is a grain temperature, moisture, and temperature change curve showing an example for explaining the method of the present invention. The graphic diagram, FIG. 3, is a block circuit diagram for implementing the method of the invention. 1... Grain amount detector, 2... Grain amount standard setting circuit,
3... Comparison circuit, 4... Grain temperature detector, 5... Moisture value detector, 6... Grain temperature and moisture value reference setting circuit, 7
... Comparison calculation circuit, 8 ... Control circuit, 9 ... Warming device, 10 ... Air blower patent applicant Kaneko Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A heating device and a blower device to detect the grain temperature and moisture value of the grain to be dried over time, and to maintain the detected grain temperature and/or the detected drying rate below a predetermined value. When drying is performed while controlling both or either of the above, when the capacity of the grain to be dried is significantly lower than the normal capacity, the measurement interval for both or either of the grain temperature and moisture value is shortened. A grain drying method characterized by: