JP2576387Y2 - Gear transmission lubrication system - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a constant gear transmission for a vehicle, and more particularly to a lubricating device for lubricating a portion of a synchro mechanism by lubricating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A manual transmission for a vehicle is generally constituted by a constant-mesh type gear transmission, in which an intermediate shaft and an output shaft to which engine power is always input by an input shaft are arranged in parallel. A multi-stage transmission gear is provided between the intermediate shaft and the output shaft so as to always mesh with each other. In the transmission gear, a driven gear provided on the output shaft is rotatably supported, and a synchronizing mechanism is disposed between two adjacent driven gears to synchronize the output shaft and the selected driven gear with the synchronizing mechanism during the shifting operation. It is configured to be spline-fitted and integrally connected.

Therefore, the above-described lubricating apparatus for a gear transmission is configured to supply oil sealed in a transmission case to each part by using rotation of a gear. That is, in the inside of the transmission case, since the intermediate shaft is arranged at a lower portion so as to reduce the power loss due to oil agitation, most of the intermediate shaft and the drive gear and the like which are integrally mounted thereon. Is immersed in oil. And
Since the oil is swept upward by rotation of the drive gear or the like in the oil, the oil droplets are supplied to a driven gear or a synchro mechanism of the output shaft to be lubricated.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional gear transmission, the synchro mechanism having a large load particularly at the time of gear shifting is a 2- or 3-speed synchronizing mechanism. A 5-speed large-diameter gear,
The position is shifted from that of the second- and third-speed synchronization mechanisms. Therefore, it is not possible to directly and effectively supply oil to the second- and third-speed synchronization mechanisms with the fourth- and fifth-speed gears. In addition, the rotation direction of the synchronization mechanism of the output shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the intermediate shaft, the oil which is lifted by the intermediate shaft, and the oil attached to the synchronization mechanism is scattered again by centrifugal force. A large amount of oil cannot be effectively supplied to the second- and third-speed synchronizing mechanisms, and seizure or the like may occur, and shifting may become impossible. Here, in a gear transmission of a vehicle such as a truck, a second-speed, third-speed synchronizing mechanism having a large load during shifting may be configured as a double cone having a double tapered surface of the cone. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the lubrication amount particularly in such a double cone portion to ensure good lubrication.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and effectively utilizes the oil generated by scraping the gear of the intermediate shaft to always lubricate the tapered surface portion of the synchro mechanism well and to reduce the burning. The purpose is to prevent it.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a transmission case, wherein a large-diameter gear of a high-speed stage is arranged at a portion near one end of an intermediate shaft below an output shaft inside a transmission case. In a gear transmission having a multi-stage synchronization mechanism on a shaft,
An idler gear that is rotated at a high speed in the same direction as the rotation direction of the synchronizing mechanism is slightly perpendicular to the length direction of the output shaft and within a plane where one of the synchronizing mechanisms is located. The gutter-shaped oil guide that receives the oil scooped up by the large-diameter gear is integrally formed on the inner wall surface, and the oil guide is extended to the upper part of the idler gear, and The collected oil is caused to flow down from the corresponding end of the oil guide to the peripheral surface of the idler gear, and the lubricating device of the gear transmission supplies lubricating oil to the outer peripheral surface of the synchro mechanism positioned corresponding to the rotational movement of the idler gear. Achieved. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention to be described later, the large-diameter gear is at least one of a driven gear and a fourth-speed drive gear, and the synchronization mechanism is a two- or three-speed drive gear.
A structure that is a fast synchro mechanism will be described.

[0007]

The lubricating device for a gear transmission according to the present invention has such a configuration, so that the lubricating oil can be collected in the oil guide by the scraping motion of the large-diameter gear immersed in the oil inside the transmission case. The rotation of the idler gear, which rotates at high speed in the same direction as the synchro mechanism, can supply the same oil to the outer peripheral surface of the synchro mechanism located at the position corresponding to the idler gear. Can be effectively lubricated with the supply oil.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, a main part related to the present invention will be described as a gear transmission to which the present invention is applied. Sign 1
Is a clutch housing, 2 is a transmission case, and 3 is a rear cover. The input shaft 10 from the clutch of the clutch housing 1 is input into the transmission case 2.
0 and an output shaft 12 are coaxially arranged, an intermediate shaft 11 is arranged below and parallel to the input and output shafts 10 and 12, and a speed change operation mechanism 4 is provided at an upper portion. A drive gear 13A serving also as a fifth speed at the end of the input shaft 10 meshes with a driven gear 13B at the end of the intermediate shaft 11, and constantly transmits engine power. The intermediate shaft 11 is integrally provided with a fourth speed drive gear 14A and the like. A fourth-speed driven gear 14B that meshes with a fourth-speed drive gear 14A;
A second-speed driven gear 15B, a third-speed driven gear 16B, and the like are rotatably provided while supported by needle bearings 17, respectively.

An oil O is accommodated in the transmission case 2 for lubricating various parts.
Has a large-diameter driven gear 13B of the intermediate shaft 11 described above.
(Large-diameter gear) and 4th-speed drive gear 14A (Large-diameter gear)
Is immersed. The output shaft 12 is provided with two- and three-speed synchronizing mechanisms 20, 4, and five-speed synchronizing mechanisms 21 adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
0 and 21 constitute a continuously meshing five forward speed and one reverse speed. That is, for the reverse gear, a shaft 19 facing one lower side of the transmission case 2 is provided as shown in FIG. 1, and the idler gear 18 for reversing the rotation direction is provided on the shaft 19.
Is supported. That is, in the illustrated embodiment, the idler gear 18 which constitutes a part of the synchro mechanism forced lubrication means 40 described later is the same plane perpendicular to the length direction of the output shaft 12 with respect to the second and third speed synchro mechanism 20. Is placed within
As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the peripheral surface of the idler gear 18 is located in the opening 2b of the transmission case 2 so as to receive the oil flowing down along the inner wall surface 2a of the transmission case 2. . The inner wall surface 2a is slightly spaced between the side cover 5 fixed to the transmission case 2 with the screw 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the idler gear 18 while covering the opening 2b. The oil O2 arriving at the side cover 5 along the arrow is swept upward in the state shown by the arrow O3 due to the rotational movement of the idler gear 18 which rotates at a high speed in the direction of the arrow Y2.

The second- and third-speed synchronizing mechanism 20 includes a hub 30 integrated with the output shaft 12, a sleeve 31 spline-fitted to the hub 30 movably in an axial direction, and synchronizers 32, 33 disposed on the left and right sides of the sleeve 31; Dog gears 3 integrally connected to the second and third speed driven gears 15B and 16B and further disposed on the left and right of the synchronizers 32 and 33, respectively.
4,35. The synchronizers 32 and 33 and the dog gears 34 and 35 have splines formed on the outer periphery, and can be synchronously fitted with the splines of the sleeve 31. The dog gear 34 on the third-speed driven gear side is integrally provided with a cone portion, and the synchronizer 32 is loosely fitted on the cone portion on the tapered surface T1 and is synchronized with the cone portion. On the other hand, on the side of the second-speed driven gear 15B, a taper member 36 is installed integrally with the output shaft 12 inside the synchronizer 33, and a double cone 37 engages the pawl with the dog gear 35 therebetween. It is interposed. The double cone 37 and the synchronizer 33 are loosely fitted to the tapered member 36 at the double tapered surfaces T2 and T3, and are configured so as to be able to perform double synchronous action to smoothly shift.

The rotation direction Y2 of the idler gear 18 is opposite to the rotation direction Y1 of the intermediate shaft 11, but is the same as the rotation direction Y3 of the output shafts 12, 2 and the third-speed synchronization mechanism 20. And therefore the output shaft 12
The second and third-speed synchronizing mechanisms 20 rotate the idle gear 18 at high speed in the same direction as the idle gear 18. The synchronizing mechanism forced lubrication means 40 of the present invention utilizing these rotational directions and the high-speed rotational movement of the idle gear 18.
However, the idle gear 18 and the above-described driven gear 13B
(Large-diameter gear) and 4th-speed drive gear 14A (Large-diameter gear)
And provided between them.

As shown in FIG. 1, the synchro mechanism forced lubrication means 40 includes an oil guide 41 disposed in a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the output shaft 12 with respect to the driven gear 13B and the fourth speed drive gear 14A. have. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the oil guide 41 is a gutter-shaped member integrally formed on the inner wall surface 2a of the transmission case 2, and the oil guide 41 is provided along the inner wall surface 2a. The transmission case 2 extends substantially parallel to the shaft 12 and
End just before the opening 2b. Accordingly, the oil guide 41 has a large-diameter driven gear 13B and a fourth-speed drive gear 14A partially immersed in oil O.
The collected oil is collected by the oil guide 41 and guided to the opening 2b by the oil guide 41.
It is delivered to the idle gear 18 at the position of the opening 2b.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, when the engine is running, the engine power is
0 to the intermediate shaft 11 via the drive gear 13A and the driven gear 13B and input therefrom.
4A, the driven gears 14B to 16B of the output shaft 12, the idler gear 18 and the like always rotate in accordance with each gear ratio. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the synchronization mechanisms 20, 21 and the like are in the neutral position by the speed change operation mechanism 4, all the driven gears 14B to 16B of the output shaft 12 are idled. On the other hand, when the clutch is disengaged while the vehicle is stopped or running, one of the driven gears is operated in synchronization with the other, and any one of the driven gears is spline-coupled to the output shaft 12 in synchronization with the synchronized mechanism, so that the speed change power of the predetermined speed is reduced. The output is output to the output shaft 12, and the speed is changed by selecting and operating the synchronization mechanism from the speed change operation mechanism 4 in this manner.

The operation of the synchro mechanism will be further described with reference to FIG. First, when the sleeve 31 is moved toward the second speed driven gear 15B, the sleeve 31
Collides with the spline end surface of the synchronizer 33 and presses the synchronizer 33. Then
The double cone 37 also moves by pressing, and its double tapered surface T
2, frictional contact occurs at T3, and the output shaft 12 and the second-speed driven gear 15B act synchronously so that their rotations coincide. Then, when both are synchronized, the splines of the sleeve 31 are fitted to the splines of the synchronizer 33 and the dog gear 35, and thus the second speed driven gear 15B
Is coupled to the output shaft 12 to shift to the second speed.

During the operation of the transmission, the gears 13B, 14A, etc. of the intermediate shaft 11 at the lower portion are immersed in the oil O sealed inside the transmission case 2 and are rotating.
The oil splashed up by these gears scatters upward, and is supplied to the gears 13A, 14B to 16B on the output shaft 12 side and the synchro mechanisms 20, 21 to be lubricated. Further, at this time, oil O1 scraped by the driven gear 13B of the intermediate shaft 11 and the like is collected by the oil guide 41 and guided to the idler gear 18, and a large amount of oil O3 is rotated by the idler gear 18 in the same rotational direction as the output shaft 12. It is converted and sprayed on the second- and third-speed synchro mechanism 20. Therefore, in the second- and third-speed synchronizing mechanism 20, the oil O3 is sprayed from the same direction as the rotation direction, so that the oil O3 is supplied to the outer sleeve 31, the synchronizers 32, 33, the dog gears 34, 35, and the like with the rotation. It is caught in the inside from the gap, whereby the oil is efficiently supplied to the tapered surface T1 of the cone portion 32a and the double tapered surfaces T2, T3 of the double cone 37 to be forcibly lubricated.

At the second gear, the synchronizer 33 and the double cone 37 are integrally connected to the tapered member 36 by the sleeve 31 in the second and third gear synchronizing mechanism 20, so that lubrication is not a problem. Meanwhile, 2
At speeds other than the speed, the synchronizer 33 rotates together with the double cone 37, but since the taper member 36 and the double cone 37 rotate relative to each other in a loosely fitted state, lubrication of the taper surfaces T3 of both of them becomes a problem. Become. At this time, since the tapered surface T3 is sufficiently lubricated by lubricating as described above, the tapered member 36 and the double cone 37 are kept in a state of relatively rotating smoothly without causing seizure or the like.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0018]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the internal contact of the synchro mechanism is utilized by utilizing the scraped oil of the large diameter gear immersed in the oil inside the transmission case. The surface can be effectively lubricated with the supply oil. In other words, the oil scooped up by the large-diameter gear is collected by the oil guide on the inner wall of the transmission case, guided to the idler gear position, and the high-speed rotation of the idler gear is used to synchronize the synchro gear located at the idler gear. Since it can be supplied to the outer peripheral surface of the mechanism, the contact surface inside the synchronous mechanism can be effectively lubricated with the supply oil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway sectional view showing an embodiment of a gear transmission lubrication apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Transmission Case 2a Inner Wall 5 Side Cover 12 Output Shaft 13B Driven Gear 18 Idler Gear 20 2, 3-Speed Synchro Mechanism T1, T2, T3 Tapered Surface 40 Synchro Mechanism Forced Lubrication Means 41 Oil Guide

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A gear transmission in which a large-diameter gear of a high-speed stage is disposed at a portion near one end of an intermediate shaft below an output shaft inside a transmission case and a multi-stage synchronization mechanism is provided on the output shaft. An idler gear that is rotated at a high speed in the same direction as the rotation direction of the synchronizing mechanism is slightly perpendicular to the length direction of the output shaft and within a plane where one of the synchronizing mechanisms is located. The gutter-shaped oil guide that receives the oil scooped up by the large-diameter gear is integrally formed on the inner wall surface, and the oil guide is extended to the upper part of the idler gear, and The collected oil is allowed to flow down from the corresponding end of the oil guide to the peripheral surface of the idler gear, and the rotational movement of the idler gear supplies lubricating oil to the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding synchronization mechanism. A lubricating device for a gear transmission characterized by supplying. 2. The lubricating device for a gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the large-diameter gear is at least one of a driven gear and a fourth-speed drive gear, and the synchronization mechanism is a second- and third-speed synchronization mechanism. .