JPS623338B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention provides a vehicle transmission in which oil can be sufficiently supplied to a gear mechanism disposed in an upper part of the transmission, particularly a synchromesh mechanism disposed between gears in the upper part. This invention relates to a lubricating device.

[Conventional technology]

As a vehicle transmission, the input shaft for the power from the engine and the output shaft for taking out the shifted power are arranged in parallel in two stages, upper and lower, and synchronize the gears for shifting and each gear on each of these shafts. Some are equipped with a synchronized mesh mechanism for this purpose, and oil is supplied to each of these parts using a natural lubrication method (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 144181/1981). In other words, in the case of a transmission gear, a portion of the outer circumference of the lower gear is immersed in oil, and as the upper gear constantly meshes with the lower gear, oil is automatically supplied to the upper gear. Ru. Furthermore, the synchromesh mechanism disposed between the lower gears is sufficiently lubricated by having a portion of its outer periphery directly immersed in oil. However, the synchromesh mechanism provided between the gears of the upper input shaft is separated from the oil in the lower part and is not directly supplied with oil. According to the above-mentioned publication, the oil that is scattered when the transmission gear rotates is
The synchromesh mechanism at the top of the transmission casing is fed with oil by flipping it upward using the side wall of the transmission casing, but there is a required gap between the side wall of the casing and the gears. However, there is a drawback in that it is difficult to supply a sufficient amount of oil. By the way, there is a prior art example that is useful for eliminating such drawbacks, which is described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 122765/1983, and according to this, the forkshaft is disposed on the upper part of the transmission, Therefore, the lower end claw of the shift fork fixed to this is engaged with the fork groove of the synchronized mesh mechanism, so that the upper part of the fork shaft has some oil in the lower part of the transmission. The shift fork is provided with an oil sump that captures the oil splashed up by the shifting gear, an oil groove, an oil hole, etc. that communicate with the oil sump, and an oil hole that communicates with the oil hole.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, according to the above-mentioned prior art example, since the forkshaft is installed at the top of the transmission, the oil sump installed above the forkshaft has difficulty capturing oil due to the splashing of the transmission gear.
The amount of oil supplied to the pawl of the shift fork and the fork groove of the synchronized mesh mechanism is small, and
The upper side of the fork shaft must be provided with the oil sump, an oil groove and an oil hole that communicate with it in sequence, and an oil hole that communicates with the oil hole must be provided on the shift fork, so the machining of these requires time and construction. The problem is that it becomes complicated. An object of the present invention is to provide a lubrication device for a vehicle transmission that solves these problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention has the following means to achieve the above object. In other words, the lower end is connected to the lower gear shifting mechanism, and the upper end is connected to the upper gear shifting mechanism between the shifting gear or synchromesh mechanism disposed at the upper part of the transmission and the shifting operating mechanism disposed at the lower part. In a vehicle transmission that has a shift fork that is engaged with a fork groove of a gear or a synchronized mesh mechanism and that performs a gear change operation via the shift fork, the fork shaft that is submerged in the oil in the lower part of the transmission, The shift fork, which is fixed and whose hub is immersed in the oil, is provided with reinforcing ribs on at least one side thereof, extending from the vicinity of the hub of the trunk of the shift fork to the claws at the upper ends of the branches of the fork, and , one of the reinforcing ribs is made large in height and is formed to double as an oil guide wall, and near both sides of the shift fork, there are ribs located at the bottom of the transmission that are partially exposed to oil. The conventional transmission gears are arranged so that the oil scattered by the transmission gears is supplied to the upper transmission gears or synchronized mesh mechanism along the oil guide wall. .

【Example】

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. The illustrated embodiment shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a front-wheel drive type transmission. Reference numeral 1 denotes a flywheel coupled to an engine crankshaft, and rotational power from the flywheel is transmitted through a clutch device 2. The signal is then transmitted to the input shaft 4 of the transmission 3. The transmission 3 has an output shaft 5 rotatably supported below and parallel to the input shaft 4, and a hypoid pinion 6 is integrally molded on the front end of the output shaft 5. This pinion 6 meshes with a ring gear 8 of a final reduction gear 7 that drives the front wheels to transmit power. On the input shaft 4, a first gear gear 9 and a second gear gear 10, which have a smaller diameter than the front part, are integrally formed, and behind them, a third gear gear 11 and a fourth gear gear, which has the largest diameter, are integrally formed. The gears 12 are rotatably fitted to each other, and a synchromesh mechanism 13 for high-speed stage is provided between these gears 11 and 12. Further, the output shaft 5 has gears 14 and 15 that mesh with the first gear gear 9 and the second gear gear 10, respectively.
are rotatably fitted together, a synchromesh mechanism 16 for a low speed gear is provided between them, and gears 17 and 18 meshing with the third speed gear 11 and fourth speed gear 12 are integrally formed. It is attached by a key or the like. In the synchronized mesh mechanism 13, a sleeve 21 is slidably fitted to the outer periphery of a hub 19 spline-fitted to the input shaft 4 via a key 20.
By engaging a shift fork or the like to be described later in the groove 22 of this sleeve 21 and moving it, the sleeve 21 meshes with the synchronizer 23 and the cone 24 in synchronization, and the input shaft 4
The rotational power is transmitted to the gear 11 or 12 via the synchromesh mechanism 13. The other synchronized mesh mechanism 16 for low speed gears is constructed in exactly the same manner as this, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft 5 by the gear 14 or 15. A fork groove 26 is formed on one side of the sleeve 25, and a large-diameter reverse gear gear 27 is integrally molded on the other side. To explain the reverse gear mechanism, a small diameter gear 28 is integrally molded on the side of the input shaft 4 that coincides with the gear 27 when the sleeve 25 of the synchromesh mechanism 16 is in the neutral position. An idler gear 30 having an annular groove 29 for engagement is disposed between these gears 27 and 28 so as to be slidable and rotatable in the axial direction along a shaft 31. By shifting from the idle position to the dashed line position, the gear 27,
28, and disengages from them by sliding in the opposite direction, and due to this meshing of the idler gear 30, the direction of rotation of the power from the engine is reversed and transmitted to the gear 27. ing. On the other hand, the above-mentioned speed change gear mechanism is provided with a speed change operation section at its lower part. This speed change operation section has three forkshafts 32, 33, and 34 arranged in parallel on a horizontal plane, and these forkshafts 32 to 34 are supported movably in the axial direction, and have one end at each end. is a concave groove 3 for engagement
5 is provided, and a selection lever 36a is selectively engaged with each groove 35 of the shafts 32 to 34 from a change lever (not shown) via a control shaft 36. A plurality of spherical recesses 37 are formed.
The ball 3 is biased by a spring 38 provided in a vertical hole drilled in the lower part of the transmission 3.
9 is engaged so that it can be positioned at a plurality of positions. Also, these forkshafts 32 to 3
4, a shift fork 40 that engages with a fork groove 26 of a sleeve 25 of a synchromesh mechanism 16 for a low gear is fixed to a fork shaft 32 disposed inside the transmission 3 with a screw 41.
A shift fork 42 that engages with the fork groove 22 of the sleeve 21 of the synchronized mesh mechanism 13 for high-speed stages is similarly fixed to the central fork shaft 33. Fork shaft 34 located further outside
A reverse shifter lever 43 is provided between the shaft 34 and the idler gear 30 disposed above so as to be pivoted in a balance-like manner by being pivotally connected to a shaft 44 in the middle. of lever 43,
The lower end is abutted against the end of the forkshaft 34, and the upper end is engaged in the annular groove 29 of the idler gear 30. In addition, in the above-mentioned speed change operation mechanism, the shift fork 42 that operates the synchromesh mechanism 13 for high speed gear provided on the upper input shaft 4 will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 4a and 4b. , is formed into a substantially Y-shape in side view, and a hub 45 at the lower end of the trunk 42a is attached to the forkshaft 33, and the two upper branches 42 are attached to the fork shaft 33.
The claws 46 and 47 at the ends of the synchronized mesh mechanism 13 are engaged with the grooves 22 in the sleeve 21 of the synchronized mesh mechanism 13 at substantially opposite positions. And the hub 45 of the executive 42a of the shift fork 42
A rib 49 having a large height and serving as a reinforcing rib 48 and an oil guide wall is provided on the peripheral edge extending from the vicinity of the branch portions 42b and 42c to the claws 46 and 47, but the rib 49 on one side is As is clear from FIG. 4b, the oil guiding wall 49a extending from the trunk 42a to one branch 42b and the oil guiding wall rib 49b extending from the trunk 42a to the other branch 42c are connected to the trunk 42a and the branch 42b.
b, 42c are not connected at the branching portion 42d, but are cut off. Since the present invention is configured as described above,
When the transmission 3 is in the neutral position, the first speed gears 9 and 14, the second speed gears 10 and 15, the third speed gears 11 and 17, and the fourth speed gears 12 and 18 are always meshed and idle. , and further reverse gear gears 27, 28, 3.
0 is separated. Therefore, when the gear shift operation is performed, when the selection lever 36a is engaged with the fork 32 by the change lever and the shift fork 40 is moved forward (to the left in FIG. 1) at the same time, the gear 14 is It is integrally connected to the output shaft 5, and the power of the input shaft 4 is transmitted to the output shaft 5 via the gears 9, 14 and the synchromesh mechanism 16, resulting in the first forward speed. In this state, move the shift fork 40 together with the fork shaft 32 backwards beyond the neutral position (right side in Figure 1).
When the gear moves to , the gear 15 is integrally connected to the output shaft 5 and becomes the second speed. Next, the selection lever 36 is moved by the change lever.
a to the fork shaft 33 and move the shift fork 42 forward (to the left in FIG. 1), the sleeve 2 of the synchromesh mechanism 13
1, the gear 11 is integrally connected to the input shaft 4 and becomes 3rd speed, and when it moves backwards (to the right in Figure 1),
The gear 12 is integrally connected to the input shaft 4, and the output shafts 4 and 5 rotate substantially at the same time, resulting in a fourth speed. In addition, the selection lever 36a can be moved by the change lever.
When the fork shaft 34 is engaged with the fork shaft 34 and moved rearward (to the right in Figure 1), the lever 43 swings and the idle gear 30 moves toward the gears 27 and 28 and meshes therewith. Thus, the power reversed by the idler gear 30 is transmitted to the output shaft 5, resulting in the reverse gear. Further, during such a gear shift operation, the fork shafts 32 to 34 are in oil collected in the lower part of the transmission 3, and the gears 14, 15, 17, 18 of the output shaft 5 in the lower part are in this oil. Since it also has some parts, by rotating these,
Oil is also directly supplied to the gears 9, 10, 11, and 12 of the upper input shaft 4, which are always in mesh with these gears. On the other hand, synchronized mesh mechanisms 13 and 1 are arranged in two stages on the upper input shaft 4 and the lower output shaft 5.
At 6, the synchromesh mechanism 16 located at the bottom is directly immersed in oil. On the other hand, the synchronized mesh mechanism 13 in the upper part has a fork shaft 33 which is always in oil between it and the oil in the lower part, and a shift fork 42 having a hub 45 which is fixed to this shaft and which is submerged in oil. The oil scattered due to the rotation of the gears 17 and 18, etc.
It collides with the large oil guide wall 49a, which is a reinforcing rib on one side, and is actively captured and guided upward along this oil guide wall 49a, reaching the claws 46, 47 and synchronizing. It flows into the mesh mechanism 13, thus lubricating the synchronized mesh mechanism 13.

【Effect of the invention】

As described above, according to the present invention, oil is actively applied to the synchronized mesh mechanism disposed at the top by a large oil guide wall installed on the shift fork whose hub is submerged in oil. Since the oil is directly supplied while being captured by the oil and guided upward, the lubrication performance is improved compared to that of the prior art example, and the fear of seizure etc. can be eliminated, and unlike the prior art example, There is no need to process an oil sump, an oil groove, an oil hole, etc. on the fork shaft or shift fork, and the structure is therefore simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a vehicle transmission to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. ，
4b is a cross-sectional view and a side view showing the main parts of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 4a is a cross-sectional view taken from FIG. 4b. 1... Flywheel, 2... Clutch device,
3...Transmission, 4...Input shaft, 5...Output shaft, 6
... Hypoid pinion, 7 ... Final reduction gear, 8
...Ring gear, 9,14...1st speed gear, 1
0,15...2nd speed gear, 11,17...3rd speed gear, 12,18...4th speed gear, 13,16...
...Synchronized mesh mechanism, 27, 28... Reverse gear, 30... Idler gear, 32 to 34
...Forkshaft, 36a...Selection lever,
40,42...Shift fork, 43...Lever, 45...Hub, 46,47...Claw, 48,4
9, 49b...rib, 49a...oil guide wall,
50...Refueling passage.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Between the speed change gear or synchromesh mechanism disposed at the upper part of the transmission and the speed change operation mechanism disposed at the bottom, the lower end is linked to the lower speed change operation mechanism. In a vehicle transmission, which has a shift fork whose upper end is engaged with an upper transmission gear or a fork groove of a synchronized mesh mechanism, and in which a gear change operation is performed via the shift fork, the oil is contained in the lower part of the transmission. The shift fork, which is fixed to the fork shaft and whose hub is immersed in the oil, is reinforced on at least one side, extending from the vicinity of the hub of the trunk of the shift fork to the claw at the upper end of the branch of the fork. In addition, one of the reinforcing ribs is increased in height and is formed to double as an oil guide wall.Furthermore, near both sides of the shift fork, there is a reinforcing rib at the bottom of the transmission. A gearshift gear whose part is immersed in oil is arranged, and the oil scattered by the gearshift gear is removed.
A lubrication device for a vehicle transmission, characterized in that the lubricating device is configured to supply oil to an upper speed change gear or a synchronized mesh mechanism along the oil guiding wall.