JP2556714Y2 - Lubrication device for synchro mechanism - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubricating device for a synchronizing mechanism for quickly synchronizing and connecting a transmission gear and a rotating shaft such as an output shaft in a transmission such as an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a synchro mechanism is lubricated by scraping lubricating oil stored in a lower portion of a transmission case by a rotating synchro sleeve or a transmission gear.

[0003]

The synchro mechanism for the transmission gear is frequently used during operation of a vehicle or the like. In such a synchro mechanism, when the dog clutch is off, the synchro sleeve and the dog are disengaged. A large amount of lubricating oil is required to keep the relative rotation with the teeth smooth and to ensure the smooth sliding of the sleeve during the switching operation. However, in the lubricating apparatus that merely scrapes up as described above, the amount of lubricating oil is often insufficient.

[0004] On the other hand, various lubricating devices have been developed so far in order to ensure a sufficient amount of lubricating oil for the synchro mechanism. For example, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-44931, by providing a blade portion for receiving the flow of the lubricating oil on the inner peripheral surface side of the shift fork, the lubricating oil flowing along the inner peripheral surface of the shift fork is forcibly forced to travel. The oil path was attached to the inner side of the shift fork in the radial direction, as in the one that was changed to supply it to the synchro mechanism efficiently, and as in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-148164, the oil was scraped up into the shift fork. There are lubricating oils received by an oil path and dropped from a dropping port to a synchro mechanism.

[0005] These conventional devices all use lubricating oil that is scraped up to the inner periphery of the shift fork. It does not actively use lubricating oil that is raised and poured onto the upper surface of the shift fork, or lubricating oil that is bounced down to the upper inner wall of the transmission case and falls. That is, the lubricating oil supplied to the upper surface of the shift fork flows through the outer peripheral surface of the shift fork without being used for lubrication and is returned directly to the lower portion of the transmission case.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide lubricating oil which is lifted outward and upward onto the shift fork and poured onto the upper surface of the shift fork, or lubricating oil which is splashed off to the upper inner wall of the transmission case and falls onto the upper surface of the shift fork. An attempt is made to improve the lubrication performance of the synchro mechanism by making it available for lubrication of the synchro mechanism.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a synchro sleeve 4 having an outer peripheral annular recess for engaging a shift fork.
4, a dog tooth 13 provided on a transmission gear fitted to the transmission shaft 2, and a synchronizer ring 45 disposed between the synchronization sleeve 44 and the dog tooth 13; In a synchro mechanism that transmits power between the synchro sleeve 44 and the dog teeth 13 via the synchronizer ring 45 by engaging the fork and moving the fork in the axial direction, the shift fork 39
A downwardly opening curved arm portion 58 which engages with the outer peripheral annular concave portion of the synchro sleeve 44 from above;
A cover portion 59 which is formed in a curved shape which opens downward along the arm portion and which has a constant width in the axial direction and covers the synchro mechanism 21 from above on the radially outer peripheral side of the cover portion 59. A guide step surface portion 62 extending in the axial direction over substantially the entire length of the cover portion 59 in the axial direction to guide the lubricating oil on the upper surface to an axial end portion is formed on the upper surface of the guide portion. At the axial end portion of the surface portion 62, the oil drain projection 6 extending toward the speed-changing shaft 2 and desired above the synchronization mechanism 21.
3 is a lubricating device for a synchronizing mechanism, wherein

[0008]

During operation, part of the lubricating oil that is scraped up by the rotation of the synchro sleeve or the transmission gear in the transmission case is directly supplied to the synchronization mechanism, and partly falls to the upper surface of the shift fork. The part falls on the upper surface of the shift fork after hitting the upper wall of the inner surface of the transmission case.

The lubricating oil that has dropped onto the upper surface of the shift fork accumulates on the guide step surface, is guided to the axial end face side, and is supplied from the edge to the lower synchro mechanism.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a transmission, in which a transmission case 1 has an output shaft 2 extending in a front-rear direction (parallel to the traveling direction of a vehicle), and a bearing mounted on a front end of the output shaft 2. An input shaft 3 rotatably fitted via a shaft 5 and a counter shaft 4 parallel to the output shaft 2 are arranged.
4 is supported on the transmission case 1 via a plurality of bearings 17.

The input shaft 3 at the front end has a transmission gear 6 for fourth speed.
Are formed integrally, and an overdrive transmission gear 7 is fitted to the front portion of the output shaft 2, and a single-plate type synchronization mechanism 20 is disposed between the transmission gears 6 and 7.

A third-speed transmission gear 8 and a second-speed transmission gear 9 are fitted at the center of the output shaft 2 in the axial direction via bearings, and a multi-plate type synchronizing mechanism is provided between the two transmission gears 8 and 9. 21 are arranged.

A first speed transmission gear 10 and a reverse speed transmission gear 11 are fitted to the rear portion of the output shaft 2 in the axial direction via bearings.
A single-plate type synchronization mechanism 22 is arranged between the two transmission gears 10 and 11.

Each of the speed change gears 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
Are engaged with each gear of the counter shaft 4 or the idle gear.

Shift forks 38, 39, and 40 shown in FIG. 2 are disposed above the synchro mechanisms 20, 21, 22 to switch between them. Are fixed to shift rods 25, 26, 27 extending in the directions. The shift rods 25, 26, and 27 are supported by the transmission case 1 (FIG. 1) so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, and are integrally provided with shift blocks 30, 31, and 32, respectively. Each shift block 30, 31, 32 is provided with an engagement recess 30a, 3
1a, 32a, and each engaging recess 30a, 31
The shift internal lever 34 can be selectively moved to the front and rear by one shift internal lever 34 which can be selectively engaged with the shift levers 32a and 32a.

In FIG. 1, the shift internal lever 34 is spline-fitted to a shift shaft 35 disposed at right angles to the shift rod 26 and the like so as to be movable in the shift axis direction. That is, by operating the shift internal lever 34 from the outside in the shift axis direction, the shift blocks 30, 31, 32 in FIG.
A desired shift block is selected and engaged therewith, and the shift internal lever 34 is swung in the front-rear direction by rotating the shift shaft 35 in FIG. It is designed to move in the direction.

The lubricating device according to the present invention is applied to a shift fork 39 of a multi-plate type synchro mechanism 21 for switching between second and third speeds, which is arranged at the center of FIG. The reason is that the synchro mechanism 21 at the center is of a multi-plate type in which a plurality of friction cones are interposed in order to obtain a large friction transmission torque, so that a larger amount of lubricating oil is required as compared with the single-plate type synchro mechanism. In addition, since the upper wall portion of the transmission case 1 and the rear end support boss 36 of the shift rod 26 approach the synchronization mechanism 21, the rear part of the synchronization mechanism 21 becomes a relatively closed space, and This is because the limitation of the lubricating oil due to scraping or the like is large.

Referring to FIG. 3, the structure of the multi-plate synchro mechanism 21 will be briefly described. Each of the transmission gears 8 and 9 switched by the multi-plate type synchronization mechanism 21 is integrally provided with dog teeth 13 on opposing sides, respectively.
The cone portions 13a are integrally formed in the inner portions. A hub 43 is arranged between the dog teeth 13, and the hub 43 is adapted to be fitted to the output shaft 2 and to rotate integrally with the output shaft 2.
A synchro sleeve 44 and a shift key 48, which rotate integrally with the hub 43 and engage with the shift fork 39 to be moved in the axial direction, are provided on the outer portion of the hub 43.

A synchronizer ring 45 is arranged between the synchronizer sleeve 44 and each dog tooth 13. The synchronizer ring 45 has external teeth having substantially the same diameter as the dog teeth 13 and integrally with the cone portion 13 a. It has a cone surface facing from the outside in the radial direction. Between the outer peripheral cone portion 13a of the dog tooth 13 and the inner peripheral cone surface of the synchronizer ring 45, a pair of inner and outer friction cones 4 is provided.
The inner friction cone 46 is provided with friction members on both sides and engages with the hub 43 so as to rotate integrally therewith. The outer friction cone 47 engages with the dog teeth 13 with this. They are engaged so as to rotate together.

The shift fork 39 is integrally provided with an arm portion 58 engaged with the outer peripheral annular concave portion of the synchro sleeve 44 and a boss portion 57 fixed to the shift rod 26. Protruding forward,
On the other hand, the rear end of the boss 57 is located at a position corresponding to the rear of the sleeve 44 in the neutral state of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view of the shift fork 39 shown in FIG.
The arm portion 5 has a downwardly open curved shape so as to be engaged with the outer peripheral annular concave portion of the synchro sleeve 44 from above.
A reinforcing cover portion 59 which is formed in a curved shape along the arm portion 58 and extends rearward is integrally formed on the outer peripheral side of the arm 8.

Eaves 60 projecting rearward in the axial direction are integrally formed on both left and right sides of the rear end surface of the cover 59, and each eave 60 is fixed from both lower left and right lower edges of the cover 59. It extends upward in a curved manner to its height.

At both left and right shoulders on the upper surface of the cover portion 59, streaky weirs (ribs) 61 projecting outward in the radial direction and extending in the axial direction are provided at positions corresponding to the upper ends of the eaves 60. The side surface of the weir 61 on the boss 57 side is a guide step surface portion 62 which is a main part of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, which is a view taken in the direction of arrow V in FIG. 4, W indicates the width of the eaves 60 projecting rearward. Weir 61
The weir 61 extends over the entire length of the cover portion 59 in the axial direction.
At the rear end portion, which intersects the upper end of each eave 60,
An oil cutout projection 63 extending toward the output shaft 2 for speed change is integrally formed. The oil draining projection 63 is formed so as to be located substantially directly above the synchronizer ring 45 at the dog clutch neutral position as shown in FIG.

The position of each weir 61 in the left-right direction is set within the left-right width of the synchro mechanism 21 as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 6, the weir 61 is formed substantially parallel (horizontally) to the axial direction, thereby facilitating the die casting.

The operation will be described. During operation of the vehicle, some of the lubricating oil scraped up by the sleeve 44 of the synchronizing mechanism 21, the transmission gears 8 and 9, or the gears on the counter shaft, etc., directly falls on the upper surface of the shift fork 39 or After attaching to the inner surface of the upper wall, the shift fork 39
Descend to the upper surface of.

This lubricating oil flows on the upper surface of the shift fork 39 right and left, but is blocked by the guide step 62 of the weir 61 and is temporarily stored in the step 62. Most of the operation of the vehicle is in a forward traveling state, but in such a state, the lubricating oil of the step surface portion 62 is guided rearward due to its inertia, and is guided by the oil-off projection 63 when reaching the rear end. Then, it is dropped on the synchronizer ring 45.

When the vehicle is not running, for example, at the time of idling, the lubricating oil separates back and forth on the stepped portion 62 and is dripped downward from both front and rear ends.

When the vehicle is moving backward, it is dropped downward from the front edge of the step portion 62.

The lubricating oil scooped into the shift fork 39 by the sleeve 44 flows along the inner peripheral surface of the eave 60 as shown in FIG.
The course is forcibly changed downward, and is forcibly supplied to the synchro mechanism 21.

[0032]

[Other Embodiments] (1) FIG. 7 shows a structure in which the shape of a weir (rib) 61 is inclined backward and downward. With this structure, the lubricating oil can always be guided rearward even when idling or reversing, and the lubricating oil can be supplied to the synchro mechanism 21 from the oil drain projection 63 at the rear end.

(2) FIG. 8 shows that a streak-like groove 65 extending in the axial direction is formed on both left and right shoulders of the upper surface of the shift fork 39.
One side surface of the groove 65 is a guide step surface portion 62.

(3) FIG. 9 shows an example in which the left and right shoulders of the upper surface of the shift fork 39 are simply formed in a step shape, thereby forming the guide stepped surface portion 62.

(4) FIG. 10 shows a weir (rib) similar to FIG.
61 is an example in which two lines are formed on the left and right.

(5) The guide step portion 62 may be formed only on one of the left and right shoulders.

[0037]

[Effect of the Invention] A synchro sleeve which is moved in the axial direction by a shift fork, a dog tooth provided on a transmission gear,
With a synchronizer ring placed between them,
In a synchro mechanism that transmits power between a synchro sleeve and a dog tooth via a synchronizer ring, a lubricating oil on the upper surface is applied to an upper surface of a shift fork arranged to substantially correspond to an upper half portion of the synchro mechanism. A guide step surface leading to the axial edge portion is formed, and the axial edge portion of the guide step surface is desired above the synchronization mechanism, so that the lubricating oil falling on the upper surface of the shift fork can be efficiently removed. It leads to the synchro mechanism well and can be effectively used for lubrication of the synchro mechanism, thereby improving the lubrication performance of the synchro mechanism.

Since the guide step surface is formed on the upper surface of the shift fork, the manufacturing is simple, the forming of the shift fork is not so complicated, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In short, in the present invention, the guide step surface formed on the upper surface of the shift fork is formed so as to have a length that substantially covers the entire length of the shift fork in the axial direction, and the oil drain projection formed on the axial end edge of the guide step surface is It extends toward the axis. In other words, the oil is collected at one location in the one end edge in the axial direction by the guide step surface portion over the entire length of the shift fork,
The supply efficiency of the oil is improved by drop-supplying the liquid to the synchro mechanism by means of the projections extending in the axial direction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a transmission including a lubrication device according to the present application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view taken along the arrow II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion III in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the shift fork alone.

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrow V in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow VI in FIG. 4;

7 shows another example of the lubricating device, and is a drawing corresponding to the view on arrow VI of FIG. 4, as in FIG.

8 shows another example of the lubrication device, and is a rear view of the shift fork, similarly to FIG.

9 shows another example of the lubrication device, and is a rear view of the shift fork, similarly to FIG.

FIG. 10 shows another example of the lubrication device, and is a rear view of the shift fork, similarly to FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transmission case 2 Output shaft 8 3rd speed transmission gear 9 2nd speed transmission gear 21 Multi-plate type synchro mechanism 26 Shift rod 39 Shift fork 43 Hub 44 Sleeve 45 Synchronizer ring 48 Shift key 58 Arm part 62 Guide step surface part

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A 4-62951 (JP, U) JP-A 4-95352 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A synchro sleeve (44) having an outer peripheral annular concave portion for engaging a shift fork, a dog tooth (13) provided on a shift gear fitted to a shift shaft (2), and a synchro sleeve (44). ) And a synchronizer ring (45) arranged between the dog teeth (13), and a shift fork is engaged with the outer peripheral annular recess to move in the axial direction, thereby causing the synchronizer ring (45) to move. In a synchro mechanism that transmits power between the synchro sleeve (44) and the dog tooth (13) through the shift fork (39), the shift fork (39) includes the synchro sleeve (44).
A downwardly-opening curved arm portion (58) that engages from above with the outer peripheral annular concave portion, and is formed in a downwardly-opening curved shape along the arm portion on the radially outer peripheral side of the arm portion (58). A cover (59) having a certain width in the axial direction and covering the synchronization mechanism (21) from above, and a cover (5) is provided on the upper surface of the cover (59).
9) A guide step surface portion which extends in the axial direction over substantially the entire length in the axial direction and guides the lubricating oil on the upper surface to the axial edge portion.
(62), and a synchro mechanism that extends toward the gearshift shaft (2) at the axial edge of the guide step surface portion (62).
A lubricating device for a synchro mechanism, characterized in that a desired oil draining projection (63) is formed above (21).