JP2576388Y2 - Gear transmission lubrication system - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a constant gear transmission for a vehicle, and more particularly to a lubricating device for lubricating a portion of a synchro mechanism by lubricating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A manual transmission for a vehicle is generally constituted by a constant-mesh type gear transmission, in which an intermediate shaft and an output shaft to which engine power is always input by an input shaft are arranged in parallel. A multi-stage transmission gear is provided between the intermediate shaft and the output shaft so as to always mesh with each other. In the transmission gear, a driven gear provided on the output shaft is rotatably supported, and a synchronizing mechanism is disposed between two adjacent driven gears to synchronize the output shaft and the selected driven gear with the synchronizing mechanism during the shifting operation. It is configured to be spline-fitted and integrally connected.

Therefore, the above-described lubricating apparatus for a gear transmission is configured to supply oil sealed in a transmission case to each part by using rotation of a gear. That is, in the transmission case, an intermediate shaft is disposed at a lower portion so as to reduce a power loss due to oil agitation, and most of the intermediate shaft and a drive gear integrally mounted thereon are oil-rich. It is soaked inside and its rotation causes the oil to be lifted up. The oil droplets are supplied to a driven gear or a synchronization mechanism of the output shaft to be lubricated.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional gear transmission, especially in a lubricating device for a synchronizing mechanism, a structure is adopted in which oil droplets scraped up by a transmission drive gear of an intermediate shaft or the like are supplied only from the outer periphery. is there. Here, since the synchro mechanism rotates at the same high speed as the output shaft, oil adhering to the outer peripheral portion of the synchro mechanism will be scattered again by centrifugal force, and sufficient oil can be supplied inside the synchro mechanism. difficult. Inside the synchro mechanism, parts such as a syncnizer and a cone for synchronizing by frictional contact are loosely fitted on the tapered surface and always rotate relative to each other. Seizure may occur, and shifting may not be possible. Here, in a gear transmission of a vehicle such as a truck, the load at the time of shifting is large.
In some cases, a high-speed, third-speed synchro mechanism is configured as a double cone having a double tapered surface of the cone. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the lubrication amount particularly in such a double cone portion to ensure good lubrication.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and aims to always lubricate the tapered surface of the synchro mechanism forcibly by using oil by oil splashing, to prevent the seizure, etc. Aim.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a synchronizing mechanism and a first transmission gear are arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of an output shaft. In a gear transmission in which a second transmission gear synchronized with a synchronizing mechanism is located between gears, an interval is provided between the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear so as to receive scraping oil therebetween. At the same time, the rotation speed of the second transmission gear is set to be higher than the rotation speed of the first transmission gear, and annular grooves are formed on the opposite end faces of the first and second transmission gears, respectively, and are located in the annular grooves. A plurality of pump chambers are respectively formed on the both end faces by a plurality of ribs, and a discharge port of each pump chamber of the second transmission gear is connected to an oil passage penetrating an intermediate portion of the second transmission gear. With the discharge end facing the synchro mechanism It is achieved by the lubricating device of the gear transmission that is the mouth. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention described below, the first transmission gear is a second-speed driven gear, the second transmission gear is a third-speed driven gear,
The synchronizing mechanism is a three- or four-speed synchronizing mechanism, and the discharge end of the oil passage is double-cone of a double cone of the three- or four-speed synchronizing mechanism through a hole formed in a dog gear of the third or fourth-speed synchronizing mechanism. The structure which is communicated toward the tapered surface is described.

[0007]

Since the lubricating device for a gear transmission according to the present invention has such a structure, the space between the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear can sufficiently supply the oil scooped up inside the transmission. You can capture only the amount. Then, the oil flowing into the space is pressurized in a pump chamber functioning as a positive displacement pump constituted by a rotation speed difference between the first speed change gear and the second speed change gear, and is supplied to the synchro mechanism through the oil passage. The contact surface such as the cone portion of the synchro mechanism, which is difficult to lubricate with oil, can be effectively lubricated with a sufficient amount of pressurized oil.

Referring to the drawings, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail. FIG. 4 shows the entire gear transmission to which the present invention is applied. Reference numeral 1 denotes a clutch housing, 2 denotes a transmission case, and 3 denotes a rear cover. An input shaft 10 to be engaged is provided, and an output shaft 12 is arranged on an extension of the input shaft 10. An intermediate shaft 11 is installed in the transmission case 2 by bearings below the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 12 while maintaining a parallel state with respect to the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 12. The speed change operation mechanism 4 is disposed above the shaft 12. That is, the drive gear 13A serving as the fifth speed at the inner end of the input shaft 10 is connected to the intermediate shaft 11
And the driven gear 13 </ b> B at the corresponding end portion thereof is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 11. Also,
The intermediate shaft 11 is integrally formed with a drive gear 14A for both first speed and reverse, a second speed drive gear 15A, a third speed drive gear 16A, a fourth speed drive gear 17A, and a sixth speed drive gear 18A. You. The output shaft 12 includes a reverse driven gear 19B, a first speed driven gear 14B, a second speed driven gear 15B (first speed gear), a third speed driven gear 16B (second speed gear), a fourth speed driven gear 17B, and a sixth speed driven gear 18B. Each of the driven gears 14B to 18B rotatably supported by the bearing 20 and moving forward has a corresponding drive gear 1
4A to 18A, respectively, and the reverse driven gear 19B is meshed with the drive gear 14A via an idler gear 19C whose support structure is omitted.

The output shaft 12 is provided with a reverse synchro mechanism 21, a 1st and 2nd speed synchro mechanism 22, a 3rd and 4th speed synchro mechanism 23, a 5th and 6th speed synchro mechanism 24, and is always engaged in forward movement. It is configured to obtain six reverse speeds and one reverse speed. A parking brake device 5 is mounted on the output end of the output shaft 12, and is connected to the propeller shaft side. Further, lubricating oil O is contained at a predetermined height at the bottom inside the transmission case 2.

FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second and third speed driven gears 15B, 16B, and the third and fourth speed synchronized mechanisms 23 provided on the output shaft 12 described above. The lubricating device of the present invention is applied to the four-speed synchro mechanism 23. That is, the second-speed driven gear 15B and the third-speed driven gear 16B are supported by the output shaft 12 at intervals by the flange portion 12a of the output shaft 12 so that the scooped oil can be received therebetween. The second-speed driven gear 15B has an inner peripheral boss 15a and an outer peripheral gear 15b having a sufficient tooth width for transmitting torque, but annular grooves 25 are formed on both end surfaces of the intermediate portion 15c. As a result, the weight can be reduced by reducing the wall thickness. The third-speed driven gear 16B having a higher rotation speed than the second-speed driven gear 15B also has
It has a boss portion 16a and a gear portion 16b with a large tooth width. An annular groove 26 is formed on the end face of the third-speed driven gear 16B so as to face the annular groove 25 of the second-speed driven gear 15B.

A three- or four-speed synchronizing mechanism 23 includes a hub 30 integral with the output shaft 12, a sleeve 31 spline-fitted to the hub 30 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and synchronizers 32, 33 disposed on the left and right sides of the sleeve 31; Dog gears 3 integrally connected to the third and fourth speed driven gears 16B and 17B and further disposed on the left and right of the synchronizers 33 and 32, respectively.
5,34. The synchronizers 32 and 33 and the dog gears 34 and 35 have splines 32a to 35a formed on the outer periphery thereof, and can be synchronously fitted with the splines 31a of the sleeve 31. The dog gear 34 on the fourth speed driven gear side is integrally provided with a cone portion 34b.
The synchronizer 32 has a tapered surface T on the cone portion 34b.
1 so as to be loosely fitted and synchronized. Meanwhile, 3
On the side of the high-speed driven gear 16B, the synchronizer 3
3, a taper member 36 is installed integrally with the output shaft 12, and a double cone 37 is formed between the taper member 36 and the output shaft 12.
7a is engaged with the dog gear 35 to be interposed. And
Double cone 37 and synchronizer 3 on taper member 36
2 and 33 are loosely fitted on the double tapered surfaces T2 and T3, and are configured to be able to perform double synchronous action to smoothly shift.

In the above configuration, the third-speed driven gear 16
B rotates by, for example, about 15% more than the second speed driven gear 15B in accordance with the gear ratio. Therefore, a synchro mechanism forced lubrication means 40 is provided by a pump action utilizing the difference in rotation between the two. The synchronizing mechanism forced lubrication means 40 includes a pump means 41 configured between the second and third speed driven gears 15B and 16B disposed adjacent to each other.
Having. As shown in FIG. 3, the pump means 41 is provided with, for example, three ribs 42 radially in the annular groove 25 of the intermediate portion 15c of the second speed driven gear 15B, and a plurality of pump chambers 43 capable of constantly flowing splash oil are provided. 2, a pump chamber 45 is similarly formed by the rib 44 in the annular groove 26 of the intermediate portion 16c of the third-speed driven gear 16B, and the volume of the pump chambers 43, 45 is changed by a rotation difference between the two. It is designed to act as a pump. In the pump chamber 45 of the third-speed driven gear 16B, a discharge port 46 is provided in the high-pressure portion on the delay side with respect to the rotation direction of the arrow, and this discharge port 46 is an oil passage 47 in the axial direction of the driven gear 16B and an oil passage in the dock gear 35. It communicates with the portion of the double cone 37 via 48.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, when the engine is running, the engine power is
0 to the intermediate shaft 11 via the drive gear 13A and the driven gear 13B and input therefrom.
Driven gear 14B of output shaft 12 meshing with 4A to 18A
18B and all of the reverse driven gear 19B meshing via the idler gear 19C always rotate according to each gear ratio. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when all the synchronization mechanisms 21 to 24 are in the neutral position by the speed change operation mechanism 4, all the driven gears 14B to 1B of the output shaft 12 are moved.
9B becomes idle. On the other hand, when the clutch is disengaged while the vehicle is stopped or running, one of the driven gears is operated in synchronization with the other, and any one of the driven gears is spline-coupled to the output shaft 12 in synchronization with the synchronized mechanism, so that the speed change power of the predetermined speed is reduced. The output is output to the output shaft 12, and the speed is changed by selecting and operating the synchronization mechanism from the speed change operation mechanism 4 in this manner.

The operation of the synchro mechanism will be further described with reference to FIG. First, when the sleeve 31 is moved to the third speed driven gear 16B side, the sleeve 31
Collides with the spline end surface of the synchronizer 33 and presses the synchronizer 33. Then
The double cone 37 also moves by pressing, and its double tapered surface T
2, frictional contact occurs at T3, and the output shaft 12 and the third-speed driven gear 16B act synchronously so that their rotations coincide. When the two are synchronized, the spline 3 of the sleeve 31
1a is fitted to each of the splines 33a and 35a of the synchronizer 33 and the dog gear 35.
The speed driven gear 16B is coupled to the output shaft 12 to shift to third speed.

At the time of the above-mentioned transmission operation, the gears 13B, 14A to 18A of the intermediate shaft 11 and the large-diameter first-speed driven gear 14B of the intermediate shaft 11 at the lower portion are filled in the oil O sealed inside the transmission case 2. The oil spilled by these gears is sprinkled upward and scatters upward, and the output shaft 12
Each part on the side is lubricated. That is, splash oil O '
For example, in the 3rd and 4th speed synchronizing mechanism 23, the fitting portion between the hub 30 and the sleeve 31 on the outer periphery, the synchronizer 32,
33 and splines 32a to 35 of dog gears 34 and 35
Oil is supplied after adhering to a and the like. The oil O 'is 2
Ribs 42, 4 in the annular grooves 25, 26 inside the gap between the driven gears 15B, 16B of the third and third speeds.
It flows into and accumulates in the pump chambers 43 and 45 partitioned by 4. At this time, the driven gears 15B and 16B of the second and third speeds are
The pump chambers 43 and 45, which are always in the same rotational direction but rotate at different rotational speeds depending on the respective gear ratios, differ in rotation speed, and the volumes of the pump chambers 43 and 45 arranged on the circumference of the two change continuously. Therefore, the viscous oil O ′ in the pump chambers 43 and 45 is generated by the pump action accompanying the volume change.
Is discharged from the discharge port 46 at a high pressure as indicated by a broken arrow. The discharged oil O ′ is supplied to the oil passage 4
The fluid flows toward the synchro mechanism 23 via the ports 7 and 48, and is directly lubricated to the double tapered surfaces T2 and T3 of the double cone 37 inside the same to be forcibly lubricated.

At the third gear, the synchronizer 33 and the double cone 37 are integrally connected to the tapered member 36 by the sleeve 31 in the third and fourth gear synchronizing mechanism 23, so that lubrication is not a problem. Meanwhile, 3
At speeds other than the speed, the synchronizer 33 rotates together with the double cone 37, but since the taper member 36 and the double cone 37 rotate relative to each other in a loosely fitted state, lubrication of the tapered surfaces T2 and T3 of both of them is particularly effective. It becomes a problem. At this time, since the tapered surfaces T2 and T3 are sufficiently lubricated by lubricating as described above, the tapered member 36 and the double cone 37 are maintained in a state of relatively rotating smoothly without causing seizure or the like.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the discharge port is also provided in the pump chamber of the second speed driven gear,
The first and second speed synchronizing mechanisms may be configured to supply oil. Further, the gear transmission is not limited to this embodiment.

[0018]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a large amount of oil scooped up inside the transmission is taken into the space surrounded by the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear. The same oil for lubrication is used for the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear.
It is sufficiently pressurized in the pump chamber that functions as a positive displacement pump constituted by the rotational speed difference of the transmission gear, and is supplied to the synchro mechanism through the oil passage. The surface can be effectively lubricated with a sufficient amount of pressurized oil. In the lubricating device for a gear transmission according to the present invention, a pump chamber having good pressurizing performance can be obtained simply by forming a plurality of ribs in a light-weight annular groove formed in the opposed end faces of the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear. Can be configured,
There is an effect that a lubricating device which is reasonable in structure, has a low manufacturing cost, and has few failures can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a lubrication device for a gear transmission according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a gear transmission to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 12 output shaft 15B 2nd speed driven gear 16B 3rd speed driven gear 23 3, 4th speed synchro mechanism T2, T3 Tapered surface 25, 26 Annular groove 40 Synchro mechanism forced lubrication means 42, 44 Rib 43, 45 Pump chamber 46 Discharge port 47, 48 Oil aisle

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16H 57/04 F16D 23/06 F16H 3/12

Claims (2)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] A first transmission gear disposed in a state in which the synchronization mechanism and the first transmission gear are adjacent to each other in a longitudinal direction of the output shaft, and a second transmission that is synchronously moved by the synchronization mechanism between the synchronization mechanism and the first transmission gear; In the gear transmission in which the gears are located, an interval is provided between the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear so as to receive the scraping oil therebetween, and the rotation speed of the second transmission gear is changed by the first transmission. The rotational speed of the gear is higher than that of the first and second transmission gears, and annular grooves are respectively formed on opposite end surfaces of the first and second transmission gears. A plurality of pump chambers are respectively formed on the both end surfaces by a plurality of ribs located in the annular grooves. Forming the second
A gear transmission, wherein a discharge port of each pump chamber of the transmission gear is connected to an oil passage penetrating an intermediate portion of the second transmission gear, and a discharge end of the oil passage is opened facing the synchronization mechanism. Lubrication equipment. 2. The first transmission gear is a second-speed driven gear, the second transmission gear is a third-speed driven gear, the synchronization mechanism is a third- or fourth-speed synchronization mechanism, and the discharge end of the oil passage is the same. 2. The gear transmission according to claim 1, wherein the gear is connected to a double tapered surface of a double cone of the third and fourth speed synchro mechanism via a hole formed in a dog gear of the third and fourth speed synchro mechanism. Machine lubrication device.