JP2576161B2 - Working medium mixture - Google Patents
Working medium mixtureInfo
- Publication number
- JP2576161B2 JP2576161B2 JP62296178A JP29617887A JP2576161B2 JP 2576161 B2 JP2576161 B2 JP 2576161B2 JP 62296178 A JP62296178 A JP 62296178A JP 29617887 A JP29617887 A JP 29617887A JP 2576161 B2 JP2576161 B2 JP 2576161B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- working medium
- medium mixture
- present
- mixture
- refrigeration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、冷凍機、ヒートポンプ等に使用し得る新規
な作動媒体混合物に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel working medium mixture that can be used in refrigerators, heat pumps, and the like.
［従来技術］ 空調、冷凍および冷蔵機器（冷凍サイクル・ヒートポ
ンプサイクル）、廃熱回収発電（ランキンサイクル）、
熱交換機器（ヒートパイプ）等が実用化ないし試験開発
されている。これらの機器に用いる作動媒体には、水を
はじめプロパンやブタン等の炭化水素類、トリクロロフ
ルオロメタン（R11）や、クロロジフルオロメタン（R2
2）等のフロン類、又はアンモニア等が知られている。[Prior art] Air conditioning, refrigeration and refrigeration equipment (refrigeration cycle / heat pump cycle), waste heat recovery power generation (rankin cycle),
Heat exchange equipment (heat pipes) and the like have been commercialized or tested and developed. The working medium used for these devices includes water, hydrocarbons such as propane and butane, trichlorofluoromethane (R11), and chlorodifluoromethane (R2
2) and the like, or ammonia and the like are known.
［発明の解決しようとする問題点］ フロンは毒性が少なく、非可燃性で化学的にも安定で
あり、標準沸点の異なる各種フロンが容易に入手できる
ことから、作動媒体としての評価研究が活発に行なわれ
ている。本発明は、熱回収効率、特に、冷凍庫、冷蔵
庫、冷暖房機器、給湯機器あるいは廃熱回収を目的とし
たヒートポンプシステムの効率が高いフロン類を新規に
提供するものである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Freon has low toxicity, is nonflammable, is chemically stable, and various kinds of Freon having different standard boiling points can be easily obtained. Is being done. The present invention newly provides fluorocarbons having high heat recovery efficiency, particularly high efficiency of a freezer, a refrigerator, a heating / cooling device, a hot water supply device, or a heat pump system for recovering waste heat.
［問題点を解決するための手段］ 本発明はｎ−ブタン、イソブタン、シクロブタン、ｎ
−ペンタン、イソペンタンおよびシクロペンタンから選
ばれる少なくとも１種とテトラフルオロエタンとを必須
成分とすることを特徴とする作動媒体混合物である。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention relates to n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane, n-butane,
-A working medium mixture comprising, as essential components, at least one selected from pentane, isopentane and cyclopentane and tetrafluoroethane.
本発明におけるテトラフルオロエタンには、1,1,2,2
−テトラフルオロエタン（R134）と1,1,1,2−テトラフ
ルオロエタン（R134a）の２種類の異性体が知られてい
るが、互いに物性が類似しているため、これらを単独で
用いてもよく、またこれらの混合物を用いてもよい。In the present invention, tetrafluoroethane includes 1,1,2,2
-Two kinds of isomers, tetrafluoroethane (R134) and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), are known, but since they have similar physical properties, they can be used alone. And a mixture thereof may be used.
以下、本発明の作動媒体混合物（以下単に作動媒体と
いうことがある。）を用いた冷凍サイクルシステムのフ
ローシートを示す第１図に従って本発明を詳細に説明す
る。第１図の１は圧縮機、２は凝縮器、3,3′は負荷流
体用配管、４は減圧装置、５は蒸発器、6,6′は熱源流
体用配管を示す。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 showing a flow sheet of a refrigeration cycle system using the working medium mixture of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a working medium). In FIG. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a condenser, 3, 3 'is a pipe for a load fluid, 4 is a pressure reducing device, 5 is an evaporator, and 6, 6' is a pipe for a heat source fluid.
第１図に示す冷凍サイクルシステムにおいて作動媒体
は圧縮機１で圧縮された後、凝縮器２に導かれ、該凝縮
器２中で管３より導入される負荷流体により冷却されて
凝縮する。一方、負荷流体は凝縮器２中で逆に加熱され
管３′を経て負荷加熱に供される。つぎに凝縮した作動
媒体は減圧装置４により減圧された後、蒸発器５に導か
れ、該蒸発器５中で管６より導入され管６′から排出さ
れる熱源流体により加熱された後、再び圧縮機１に吸引
され上記のサイクルを繰り返す。一方、熱源流体は蒸発
器５中で逆に冷却され、管６′を経て冷却に供される。In the refrigeration cycle system shown in FIG. 1, after the working medium is compressed by the compressor 1, it is guided to the condenser 2, where it is cooled and condensed by the load fluid introduced from the pipe 3. On the other hand, the load fluid is heated in the condenser 2 in reverse and is supplied to the load heating via the pipe 3 '. The condensed working medium is then depressurized by the decompression device 4, guided to the evaporator 5, heated by the heat source fluid introduced from the pipe 6 in the evaporator 5 and discharged from the pipe 6 ′, and then again. The suction is performed by the compressor 1 and the above cycle is repeated. On the other hand, the heat source fluid is conversely cooled in the evaporator 5 and is provided for cooling via the pipe 6 '.
第２図および第３図は第１図に示す冷凍サイクルシス
テムにおける作動媒体混合物のサイクルを圧力−エンタ
ルピ線図上に記入したものである。作動媒体の飽和蒸気
を断熱圧縮した場合、湿り状態になるものを第２図に、
乾き状態になるものを第３図に示す。2 and 3 show the cycle of the working medium mixture in the refrigeration cycle system shown in FIG. 1 drawn on a pressure-enthalpy diagram. FIG. 2 shows a state in which when the saturated steam of the working medium is adiabatically compressed, it becomes wet.
FIG. 3 shows a dry state.
第１図の圧縮機による作動媒体の変化は第２図および
第３図の符号８から９あるいは13から14の変化に、凝縮
器による作動媒体の変化は９→10→11あるいは14→15→
16→17の変化に、減圧装置による作動媒体の変化は11か
ら12あるいは17から18の変化に、蒸発器による作動媒体
の変化は12から８あるいは18から13の変化にそれぞれ対
応する。The change of the working medium by the compressor of FIG. 1 changes from 8 to 9 or 13 to 14 in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the change of the working medium by the condenser changes 9 → 10 → 11 or 14 → 15 →
The change of the working medium by the pressure reducing device corresponds to the change of 11 to 12 or 17 to 18, and the change of the working medium by the evaporator corresponds to the change of 12 to 8 or 18 to 13, respectively.
本発明の作動媒体混合物を用いた第１図の冷凍サイク
ルシステムの運転条件として蒸発器における作動媒体の
蒸発終り温度（符号７あるいは13の温度。以下、蒸発温
度という）と凝縮器における作動媒体の凝縮初めの温度
（符号９あるいは15の温度。以下、凝縮温度という）を
設定した。第１表から第12表に本発明の作動媒体混合物
を用いた上記の冷凍サイクルシステムにおける成績係数
および圧縮機単位容積当りの冷凍能力を比較例とともに
記す。As the operating conditions of the refrigeration cycle system of FIG. 1 using the working medium mixture of the present invention, the end temperature of evaporation of the working medium in the evaporator (temperature of reference numeral 7 or 13; hereinafter, referred to as evaporation temperature) and the working medium The temperature at the beginning of condensation (temperature of reference numeral 9 or 15; hereinafter, referred to as condensation temperature) was set. Tables 1 to 12 show the coefficient of performance and the refrigerating capacity per unit volume of the compressor in the above refrigeration cycle system using the working medium mixture of the present invention, together with comparative examples.
表から理解されるように炭素数４〜５の炭化水素類、
特にｎ−ブタン、イソブタン、シクロブタン、ｎ−ペン
タン、イソペンタン、シクロペンタンの中から選ばれる
少なくとも１種とR134aとを必須成分とする本発明の作
動媒体混合物はR134aを単独で用いた場合に比べ大きく
改善することができ、特にR134aの組成が20モル％前後
となる作動媒体混合物はｎ−ブタン、イソブタン、シク
ロブタン、ｎ−ペンタン、イソペンタン、シクロペンタ
ンまたはR134aをそれぞれ単独で用いた場合に比べ大き
く改善されていることがわかる。本発明の作動媒体混合
物の１構成成分である炭素数４〜５の炭化水素類はR134
aに比べ成績係数が高いものの圧縮機単位容積当りの冷
凍能力が低い、可燃性であるという欠点を有している。
一方、R134aは炭素数４〜５の炭化水素類に比べ成績係
数が低いという欠点を有しているものの、圧縮機単位容
積当りの冷凍能力が高いとともに非可燃性であるという
長所を有しており、本発明の作動媒体混合物を用いるこ
とにより、各々の欠点を改善し、かつ長所を生かすこと
ができ、極めて有効であることがわかる。As understood from the table, hydrocarbons having 4 to 5 carbon atoms,
In particular, n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, the working medium mixture of the present invention containing R134a as an essential component and at least one selected from cyclopentane is larger than when R134a is used alone. In particular, the working medium mixture in which the composition of R134a is around 20 mol% can be improved, as compared with the case where n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane or R134a is used alone. You can see that it is done. The hydrocarbon having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, which is one component of the working medium mixture of the present invention, is R134.
Although it has a higher coefficient of performance than a, it has the drawback that it has low refrigeration capacity per unit volume of the compressor and is flammable.
On the other hand, R134a has a drawback that its coefficient of performance is lower than that of hydrocarbons having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, but it has the advantage of high refrigeration capacity per unit volume of compressor and is nonflammable. Thus, it can be seen that the use of the working medium mixture of the present invention can improve each of the disadvantages and make the most of its advantages, and is extremely effective.
本発明の作動媒体混合物は低温〜高温分野の空調、冷
凍および冷蔵を目的とし冷凍サイクルの応用する場合に
特に有効であるが、ランキンサイクルなどのその他各種
の熱回収技術の作動媒体としても使用することもでき
る。本発明の作動媒体混合物は熱安定性が優れており、
通常の使用条件においては安定剤を必要としないが、苛
酷な使用条件のため熱安定性の向上が必要な場合には、
ジメチルホスファイト、ジイソプロピルホスファイト、
ジフェニルホスファイト等のホスファイト系化合物、ま
たはチオホスファイト系化合物、あるいはトリフェニル
ホスフィンサルファイド、トリメチルホスフィンサルフ
ァイド等のホスフィンサルファイド系化合物、その他グ
リシジルエーテル類等の安定剤を作動媒体100重量部に
対し、１重量部前後の少量添加すればよい。The working medium mixture of the present invention is particularly effective when applied to a refrigeration cycle for air conditioning, refrigeration and refrigeration in low to high temperature fields, but is also used as a working medium for various other heat recovery technologies such as Rankine cycle. You can also. The working medium mixture of the present invention has excellent thermal stability,
No stabilizer is required under normal operating conditions, but if harsh operating conditions require improved thermal stability,
Dimethyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphite,
A phosphite-based compound such as diphenyl phosphite, or a thiophosphite-based compound, or a triphenyl phosphine sulfide, a phosphine sulfide-based compound such as trimethyl phosphine sulfide, or a stabilizer such as other glycidyl ethers, based on 100 parts by weight of a working medium, A small amount of about 1 part by weight may be added.
テトラフルオロエタンは、冷凍機、ヒートポンプ等に
おいて使用される潤滑油との溶解性が悪いことが予想さ
れるが、本発明の作動媒体混合物の１構成成分である炭
化水素は、潤滑油との溶解性が優れている。すなわち、
本発明の作動媒体混合物は、潤滑油に対する溶解性に関
してもテトラフルオロエタン単独で使用する時に比し、
改善され得るものと期待できる。Tetrafluoroethane is expected to have poor solubility in lubricating oils used in refrigerators, heat pumps, etc., but hydrocarbons, which are one component of the working medium mixture of the present invention, dissolve in lubricating oils. Excellent in nature. That is,
The working medium mixture of the present invention also has a higher solubility in lubricating oil than when tetrafluoroethane is used alone,
It can be expected to be improved.
［発明の効果］ 本発明の作動媒体混合物は、特に冷凍サイクル効率す
なわち冷凍、加熱効率に優れ、テトラフルオロエタンに
比し、大幅な改善が認められる。 [Effect of the Invention] The working medium mixture of the present invention is particularly excellent in refrigeration cycle efficiency, that is, refrigeration and heating efficiency, and a remarkable improvement is recognized as compared with tetrafluoroethane.
【図面の簡単な説明】 第１図は本発明の１実施例を説明するための冷凍サイク
ルのフローシート、第２図および第３図は本発明の作動
媒体混合物を作動媒体として用いたサイクルを圧力−エ
ンタルピ線図に記入した図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of a refrigeration cycle for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show a cycle using a working medium mixture of the present invention as a working medium. It is the figure filled in the pressure-enthalpy diagram.
Claims (1)
ｎ−ペンタン、イソペンタンおよびシクロペンタンから
選ばれる少なくとも１種とテトラフルオロエタンとを必
須成分とすることを特徴とする作動媒体混合物。(1) n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane,
A working medium mixture comprising at least one selected from n-pentane, isopentane and cyclopentane and tetrafluoroethane as essential components.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62296178A JP2576161B2 (en) | 1987-11-26 | 1987-11-26 | Working medium mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62296178A JP2576161B2 (en) | 1987-11-26 | 1987-11-26 | Working medium mixture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01139675A JPH01139675A (en) | 1989-06-01 |
| JP2576161B2 true JP2576161B2 (en) | 1997-01-29 |
Family
ID=17830174
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62296178A Expired - Fee Related JP2576161B2 (en) | 1987-11-26 | 1987-11-26 | Working medium mixture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2576161B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997031989A1 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 1997-09-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
| US7229567B2 (en) | 1997-07-15 | 2007-06-12 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7258813B2 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2007-08-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant composition |
| US7276176B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2007-10-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| KR100839399B1 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2008-06-19 | 아르끄마 프랑스 | BLOWING AGENT BASED ON HFC-134a AND CYCLOPENTANE FOR THE EXPANSION OF POLYMERS |
| US7641810B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2010-01-05 | Neil Andre Roberts | Refrigerant compositions |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2584337B2 (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1997-02-26 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Refrigerant composition |
| US5648017A (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1997-07-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and (iso) butane |
| TW204364B (en) * | 1992-03-05 | 1993-04-21 | Dairei Kk | Carbon-fluoro coolant mixture |
| US5733472A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-03-31 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and fluoropropane |
| US5762818A (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 1998-06-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions which include 1,1,2,2- tetrafluoroethane and fluoroethane |
| WO1994004629A1 (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1994-03-03 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Substantially constant boiling mixtures of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, dimethyl ether and isobutane |
| US5360566A (en) * | 1992-11-06 | 1994-11-01 | Intermagnetics General Corporation | Hydrocarbon refrigerant for closed cycle refrigerant systems |
| US5458798A (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1995-10-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of a hydrofluorocarbon and a hydrocarbon |
| IT1265581B1 (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1996-11-22 | Zanussi Elettromecc | FLUIDS FOR REFRIGERANT CIRCUITS |
| JPH07173460A (en) | 1993-12-20 | 1995-07-11 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Refrigerant composition and refrigerating equipment |
| US5425890A (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1995-06-20 | Apd Cryogenics, Inc. | Substitute refrigerant for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigeration systems |
| US5622644A (en) * | 1994-01-11 | 1997-04-22 | Intercool Energy | Mixed gas R-12 refrigeration apparatus |
| GB9522377D0 (en) * | 1995-11-01 | 1996-01-03 | Ici Plc | Refrigerant compositions |
| IT1277085B1 (en) * | 1995-12-14 | 1997-11-04 | Ausimont Spa | ALMOST AZEOTROPIC TERNARY COMPOSITIONS CONSISTING OF HYDROGENATED FLUOROCARBONS AND HYDROCARBONS SUITABLE AS REFRIGERANT FLUIDS |
| GB9624818D0 (en) | 1996-11-28 | 1997-01-15 | Rh Ne Poulenc Chemicals Ltd | Refrigerant composition |
| JP3862954B2 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2006-12-27 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | Refrigerant composition |
| US6348515B1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-02-19 | Atofina Chemicals, Inc. | Blowing agent blends |
| KR100414762B1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2004-01-13 | 에이씨엠텍(주) | The composition of refrigerant mixtures for alternating refrigerant r-500 |
| JP3890475B2 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2007-03-07 | 俊典 金光 | LNG cold recovery method and apparatus |
| US8444873B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2013-05-21 | Solvay Fluor Gmbh | Refrigerant composition |
-
1987
- 1987-11-26 JP JP62296178A patent/JP2576161B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Ｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈ Ｄｉｓｃｌｏｓｕｒｅ，Ｎｏ．１５５，１９７７，Ｐ．４ |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997031989A1 (en) | 1996-03-01 | 1997-09-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Azeotropic compositions of cyclopentane |
| US7229567B2 (en) | 1997-07-15 | 2007-06-12 | E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7258813B2 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2007-08-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant composition |
| KR100839399B1 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2008-06-19 | 아르끄마 프랑스 | BLOWING AGENT BASED ON HFC-134a AND CYCLOPENTANE FOR THE EXPANSION OF POLYMERS |
| US7799240B1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2010-09-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7276176B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2007-10-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7410595B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2008-08-12 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7648642B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2010-01-19 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7837894B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2010-11-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7641810B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2010-01-05 | Neil Andre Roberts | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7771610B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2010-08-10 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US7713434B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2010-05-11 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Refrigerant compositions |
| US8246851B2 (en) | 2002-11-29 | 2012-08-21 | Roberts Neil Andre | Chiller refrigerants |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01139675A (en) | 1989-06-01 |
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