JP2535557B2 - Agent for preventing and treating Vibrio alderi infection of fish - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is directed to the fish Vibrio ordal.
ii) A preventive and therapeutic agent for infectious diseases and a preventive and therapeutic method.

More particularly, the invention relates to the salmonid bacterium Vibrio o.
The present invention relates to a preventive and therapeutic agent for diseases caused by rdalii infection and a preventive and therapeutic method.

[Prior Art] Vibrio ordalii infection is caused by Vibrio ordal in salmonid fish.
It is one of the bacterial infectious diseases whose pathogen is ii. Since both the frequency of occurrence and the mortality rate are high and the industrial damage is large,
It is one of the most important diseases for which control measures are urgently established among many diseases of fish.

Vibrio ordalii infection has so far been confirmed only in salmonid fish. A major difference is that in the United States, the salmon that is reared in seawater has the bacterium infection, whereas in Japan, the trouts that are reared in fresh water have the bacterium. Symptoms are often similar to Vibrio anguillarm infection. Anatomical findings include diffuse or petechial hemorrhage in the liver, intestines, gonads, etc., and mucus containing blood is present in the intestinal tract. In the case of Japanese trout, the source of infection is unknown. No effective preventive method for this disease has been established so far, and only general breeding management that does not stress the fish is borne in mind.

Moreover, in order to prevent and treat this disease, a method of administering, for example, an antibiotic or other antibacterial agent together with a feed has been performed so far. However, in recent years, due to the emergence of resistant bacteria and the persistence of antibiotics etc. in fish, there is a growing tendency that it is not appropriate to administer antibiotics etc. to cultured fish. Therefore, development of a method for preventing and treating this disease without using an antibiotic or the like and an agent for preventing and treating the disease are desired.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that certain crude drugs have an effect of suppressing the disease, and completed the present invention. Was.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a preventive and therapeutic agent for Vibrio ordalii infection of fish and a method for preventing and treating the same.

The present invention relates to a Vibrio ordalii infection of a fish containing one or more crude drugs selected from the group consisting of Coptis, Scutellariae, Pomegranate, Genus glauca, Corbicula japonica, Tanjin, Chimo, Clove, Keihi, Spodoptera litura, Ubaea and Crassulaceae. The present invention provides a preventive and therapeutic agent for diseases.

The present invention also provides a crude drug in the form of bulk powder, an organic solvent, a mixture of an organic solvent and water, a crude drug extract obtained by extraction with water, or a Vibrio of the above fish containing a crude drug active ingredient.
The present invention provides a preventive and therapeutic agent for ordalii infection.

The present invention also relates to a Vibr of fish obtained by incorporating a crude drug into the feed.
The present invention provides a preventive and therapeutic agent for io ordalii infection.

Further, the present invention is to administer an effective amount of one or more kinds of herbal medicines selected from the group consisting of Coptis chinensis, Ougon, psyllium, ginseng, red ginseng, ginseng, ginseng, clove, cinnamon, eucalyptium, eucalyx and nematodes. The present invention provides a method for preventing and treating Vibrio ordalii infection of a fish consisting of

The present invention also relates to Vibrio ordalii infection of fish, which comprises administering a crude drug in bulk form, an organic solvent, a mixture of an organic solvent and water or a crude drug extract obtained by extraction with water, or administering in the form of a galenical active ingredient. The present invention provides a method for preventing and treating the disease.

The present invention also provides a method for preventing and treating Vibrio ordalii infection in fish, which comprises administering a crude drug in a feed.

Vibrio ordalii infection is a disease particularly found in salmonid fishes such as salmon, sockeye salmon, coho salmon, rainbow trout, and pink salmon.

Spinach (Yellow) is spinach (Coptis japonica Ma)
Fine roots are burned off from the roots of kino). The components of this product are berberine, palmatine, etc., and they are used as a human gastric bitterness and intestinal regulating drug.

Ougon Is the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi excluding the cork skin. The components of this product are ogonine and baicalin, which are used as anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs in humans.

The yellow oyster is the yellowfin (Phellodendron amuren)
se Ruprecht) or other species of the same genus and other species excluding the cork layer. The components of this are berberine, palmatine, etc., which are used as human stomach, intestine, astringent and anti-inflammatory drug.

Geno Shoko is a Geranium nepal
ense Sweet) in summer. The ingredients of this one are
Tannin, gallic acid, succinic acid, etc. are used as astringents for humans for diarrhea and abdominal pain.

The magnolia is Magnolia obovata T
hunberg) trees and branches. The ingredients of this product are magnoclarine, magnolol,
Containing essential oils and the like, it is used as astringent diuretic for humans and as a sputum for distension of the chest and abdomen, abdominal pain and asthma.

Tanjin (Salvia miltiorrhiza)
Bunge). The components of this product are tandinone I, I
I, Cryptotandinone, which is used for human tonicity, menstruation, and as a gynecological drug for menstrual disorders, uterine bleeding, abdominal pain and acne.

Chimo (Chinese mother) is the Anemone (Anemanhena asphodeloid)
es Bunge). The component of this one is saponin,
Steroidal saponins, tannins, etc.
It is used as an antipyretic, antidiarrheal, diuretic and analgesic.

The butterfly (Eugenia caryophyll)
ata Thunb.) just before flowering. The components of this product are eugenol, acetyleugenol and the like, and they are used as human digestive function promoters, carminatives, spices and cosmetics.

Cahi (Cinnamon bark) is Cage (Cinna momum Cassia B)
lume) is obtained by removing the dry skin and branch bark and removing some of the cork layer. The components of this are cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, etc., and are used as human sweating, antipyretic, analgesic, stomachic, intestinal, and carminative.

The Bayberry (Plum bark) is a bayberry (Myrica rubra S
iebold et Zuccarini). The components of this substance are tannin, myricetin, myricitrin, etc., which are used as astringents for humans for diarrhea and are effective for bruising.

Ubai (Plumus Mume Siebold et Z)
The fruit is peeled from the immature fruit of uccarini), buried in soot and dried. The ingredients for this are succinic acid,
Citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, etc. are used as human refreshing astringents, antidiarrheals, helminth control, antipyretics, etc.

Enmeiso (extended lifegrass) is a cypress (Isodon jap)
onica Hara) or black clover (Isodon trich)
ocarpus Kudo). The ingredients of this product are Plectrantin and Enmei.
n), which is used as a gastric bitterness drug for humans for treating indigestion, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and the like.

As described above, each of the herbs of the present invention, oriental herbs, sardines, sardines, ginger ginger, syrups, ginseng, timo, cloves, cinnamon syrups, euglenae, eucalyx, and nematodes, can be used alone or in combination. It has been conventionally used for the prevention and treatment of diseases, but attempts to use these for the purpose of prevention and treatment of diseases of fish, especially for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of fish, have hitherto been made. Never been done.

The present inventors have conducted various studies focusing on the medicinal effect of the above-mentioned crude drug, and Vibrio disease of fish, that is, the above-mentioned crude drug for the prevention and treatment of the disease caused by the fish being infected with the bacterium Vibrio ordalii. The present invention has been completed by finding that it is extremely effective to administer one kind or a combination of two or more kinds of the above.

That is, as described below, it was revealed that the above-mentioned specific types of crude drugs and their extracts have specific bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions against the bacterium Vibrio ordalii in vitro and in vivo. And this Vibrio o
As a result of the inhibitory effect on rdalii, it was possible to prevent and treat Vibrio ordalii infection when the above crude drug was administered to fish.

The fact that the above-mentioned specific crude drug and its extract were effective against the diseases peculiar to this fish was unexpectedly revealed by the present inventors.

These crude drugs may be directly administered as raw powder or in the form of an extract or crude drug active ingredient, or they may be added to feed or in the form of a solution, dispersion, semi-solid, powder or granule, molded preparation, It is formulated into leaching preparations and injection preparations and used.

The extraction extract is used, for example, by solvent extraction using water, an organic solvent or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, and then directly extracting, concentrating, diluting, or removing the solvent.

As the organic solvent, for example, methanol, ethanol,
n-Propanol, n-butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether and the like are used, and methanol and ethanol are particularly desirable. These organic solvents are 1
It can be used as a kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.

This solvent extraction can be performed by cold or hot digestion of the crude drug in these solvents. 15 to 25 ° C for cold immersion,
Digestion can be performed in the temperature range of 35 to 45 ° C. The extraction time depends on the extraction temperature, but is generally about 5 days or until the soluble components are sufficiently dissolved.

Crude drug active ingredient, for example, the extract extract is further shaken using various solvents, a fraction that is transferred to this solvent is extracted, and the solvent is distilled off, and the effective fraction, that is, the active ingredient may be used as the active ingredient. it can.

Solvents used in this case are non-polar solvents such as lower aliphatic ethers (diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, etc.); lower halogen alkanes (chloroform, dichloroethane, dibromoethane, etc.); benzenes (benzene, toluene, Other petroleum-based solvents (petroleum ether, petroleum benzene, ligroin, etc.) and the like can be mentioned as examples.

The remaining aqueous solution obtained by extracting the effective fraction is shake-extracted by using water and a certain organic solvent saturated with water, washed with water, and transferred to an organic solvent layer as a residue. The solvent obtained by distilling off the solvent of the fraction to be used can also be used as an effective fraction, that is, an active ingredient. This effective fraction differs from the above-mentioned effective fraction in the physicochemical properties and the detected components are also different.

The dose is 0.001 mg / kg body weight converted to the bulk weight of crude drug.
/ Day to 100 g / kg body weight / day. This amount is different when used as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent,
Generally, the latter dose will be higher.

The administration method can be oral administration or parenteral administration. As parenteral administration, intramuscular administration, intraperitoneal administration, transdermal administration, gill administration, intravenous administration and the like are possible.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Test Examples and Examples.

Test Example 1 The sensitivity of Vibrio ordalii to various crude drugs was examined.

Various crude drugs were added to a 50% aqueous ethanol solution 7 times the amount of the crude drug and extracted for 16 hours to obtain an alcohol extract.

The extract was impregnated into an 8 mm-diameter disc by 25 μl and dried. This disc was placed on a Heart infusion agar medium containing 1.0% NaCl coated with a strain of Vibrio ordalii, cultured at 28 ° C. for 18 hours, and then the diameter of the inhibition circle was measured.

 Next, Table 1 shows the test results.

Example 1 1% of ouren powder was added to the mixed feed to prepare a test feed. This test feed was fed to 400 rainbow trouts having a body weight of about 100 g / tail at a rate of 0.2 g / body weight kg / day as laurel powder and bred for 1 month (test section).

As a control, only the mixed feed was given for 1 month. The weight of both groups after one month was 130 g.

As a result, the number of rainbow trout that died of Vibrio ordalii infection due to field infection during breeding was only about 3 in the test group, but about 40 in the control group.

Examples 2 to 12 In place of kujin powder in Example 1, we used Oren powder, Ogon powder, Oataku powder, Ganoderma lucidum powder, Koboku powder, Tanzin powder, Chimo powder, Clove powder, Keihi powder, Yabaibai powder, Ubaiba powder and Crassulaceae powder. The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that it was used.

 Next, the test results are shown in Table 2.

Example 13 Coptis powder, Cucumber powder, Chopsticks powder,
Take 1 kg of each of Kouboku powder, Tanjin powder, Chimo powder, Clove powder, Keihi powder, Ubaibahi powder, Umeba powder and Crassulaceae powder, and put them in 10 waters 1
Extracted at 00 ° C for 1 hour. Each water extract was diluted 1000 times to prepare a drug solution. Using 100 rainbow trouts in one section, each test section was exposed to the chemical solution once a day for 3 minutes. As a result of breeding for 1 month in this manner, the number of deaths of Vibrio ordalii infection caused by field infection was smaller in all test plots than in the control plots (those not subjected to drug bath).

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, Vibrio o
An effective preventive and therapeutic agent for rdalii infection and an effective preventive and therapeutic method are provided.

Since the prophylactic and therapeutic agents of the present invention are based on crude drugs or extracts obtained therefrom, there is no problem of occurrence of resistant bacteria or side effects in the case of antibiotics, etc., and they can be safely administered.

Furthermore, since there is no concern about the effect of the drug residue on the human body, it is suitable as a drug for the prevention and treatment of Vibrio ordalii infection of food fish.

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Office reference number FI Technical display location A61K 35/78 A61K 35/78 V W // A23K 1/16 304 A23K 1/16 304C 1/18 102 1 / 18 102A

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fish vibrio containing one or more kinds of herbal medicines selected from the group consisting of Coptis chinensis, Ougon, psyllium, ginseng, koboku, ginseng, chimo, clove, cinnamon, eucalyx, eucalyx, and nematodes. A preventive and therapeutic agent for Aldary infection. 2. The prophylactic and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the crude drug is in bulk form. 3. The preventive and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the crude drug is an organic solvent, a mixture of water and an organic solvent, or a crude drug extract extracted with water and / or a crude drug active ingredient obtained therefrom. . 4. The preventive and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the crude drug is incorporated in feed. 5. The preventive and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the fish is a salmonid. 6. Administering an effective amount of one or more herbal medicines selected from the group consisting of Coptis chinensis, Ougon, euglena, genus ginger, pearl millet, ginseng, ginseng, clove, cinnamon, eucalyx, eucalyx, and nematodes. And a method for preventing and treating Vibrio alderi infection of fish. 7. The preventive and therapeutic method according to claim 6, wherein the crude drug is used in the form of bulk powder. 8. The preventive and therapeutic method according to claim 6, wherein the crude drug is an organic solvent, a mixture of water and an organic solvent, a crude drug extract extracted with water and / or a crude drug active ingredient obtained therefrom. . 9. The preventive and therapeutic method according to claim 6, wherein the crude drug is administered in a mixture with feed. 10. The preventive and therapeutic method according to claim 6, wherein the fish is a salmonid fish.