JP2023140297A - Fruit cultivation system, fruit cultivation kit, and fruit production method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fruit cultivation system, a fruit cultivation kit, and a fruit production method that can suppress damage such as fruit splitting by efficiently adjusting the surrounding environment of the fruit to be suitable for fruit cultivation.SOLUTION: A fruit cultivation system comprises: an air conditioning unit that adjusts at least the humidity of air; circulation piping which is connected to the air conditioning unit and through which conditioned air that is air conditioned by the air conditioning unit circulates; a plurality of covering parts forming gaps between the fruit and the covering part and covering the fruit; a delivery thin pipe connected to the circulation piping and the covering parts and guiding the conditioned air to the covering parts; and a receiving thin pipe connected to the covering parts and the circulation piping and guiding the air in the covering parts to the circulation piping. The delivery thin pipe and the receiving thin pipe are connected to the circulation piping so that the opening surface at the end of the delivery thin pipe connected to the circulation piping and the opening surface at the end of the receiving thin pipe connected to the circulation piping are placed at any position in a range from the outer periphery of the opening drilled in the circulation piping for connecting to the delivery thin pipe and the receiving thin pipe to the inner surface at the specified length connected in the longitudinal direction of the circulation piping from the opening.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a fruit cultivation system for cultivating fruits by adjusting the surrounding environment of the fruits, a fruit cultivation kit for producing the system, and a method for producing fruits grown using the system.

In order to cultivate fruits such as grapes and ship them as products, it is necessary to ensure a certain level of quality. The quality of fruit is greatly affected by the surrounding environment, including climate, soil, and even pests and diseases, so consideration of the surrounding environment is essential in order to grow high-quality fruit. If consideration is not given to the surrounding environment, various damages will occur, such as stunted growth and damage from pests and diseases. One of the phenomena that occurs due to such damage is a phenomenon called fruit splitting.

Fruit fissure is a phenomenon in which the fruit splits, and is sometimes called fruit cracking. Fruit fissures can also occur due to pest damage, overcrowding of fruit grains, etc., but one major cause is an increase in moisture within the fruit grains due to rainfall, etc. It is thought that when the moisture inside the fruit increases due to water absorption during the ripening stage, the pericarp will burst because it cannot resist the turgor pressure. This increase in moisture within the fruit grains is caused not only by excess soil moisture but also by high atmospheric humidity, and some believe that the latter has a greater effect on the development of fruit fissures.
Fruit cracking also occurs on grapes, and the recent abnormal weather during the ripening period of grapes from July to September has the potential to increase damage to grapes, so immediate countermeasures are needed.

As mentioned above, high atmospheric humidity is cited as one of the causes of fruit cracking, so controlling the humidity can be expected to suppress fruit cracking. However, even when grapes are grown in a greenhouse such as a vinyl greenhouse to control humidity, it is difficult to control the humidity throughout the greenhouse due to economic problems. Therefore, there is a need for a humidity control technology that takes economic aspects into consideration.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a plant that diffuses temperature- and humidity-controlled air into fruit bags, with the aim of reducing capital investment and enabling local cooling that helps plant growth and fruit coloring. A cultivation device is disclosed. In the plant cultivation device of Patent Document 1, air whose temperature and humidity are controlled is obtained from hot air and cold air obtained from a vortex tube, and this air is used to grow plants such as grapes using the back pressure of the vortex tube. It is dissipated locally.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-246879

However, in the plant cultivation device of Patent Document 1, air with controlled temperature and humidity is diffused into the fruit bag, so while the air is being diffused, the vortex tube must continue to generate hot and cold air. However, the amount of energy consumed may increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently adjust the surrounding environment of fruits to be suitable for fruit cultivation, and to suppress damage such as fruit splitting. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fruit cultivation system, a fruit cultivation kit, and a fruit production method.

As a result of extensive research in order to solve the above problems, the present inventors found that the following invention met the above objects, leading to the present invention.

That is, the present invention relates to the following inventions.
<1> A gap is provided between at least an air conditioning section that adjusts the humidity of the air, a circulation pipe that is connected to the air conditioning section and through which the conditioned air that is the air that is conditioned by the air conditioning section circulates, and the fruit. a plurality of covering parts formed to cover the fruit; a delivery capillary tube connected to the circulation piping and the covering part and guiding the conditioned air to the covering part; connected to the covering part and the circulation piping; a receiving capillary that guides air in the covering portion to the circulation piping, an opening surface of an end of the delivery capillary connected to the circulation piping, and an opening surface of the end of the receiving capillary connected to the circulation piping, Any range from the outer periphery of an opening drilled in the circulation piping to connect the delivery thin tube and the reception thin tube to an inner surface of a predetermined length that connects the opening in the longitudinal direction of the circulation tube. A fruit cultivation system, wherein the sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are connected to the circulation pipe so as to be fixed at a position.
<2> Between a plurality of air conditioning units that adjust at least the humidity of the air, a circulation pipe that is connected to the air conditioning units and through which conditioned air that is air that has been conditioned by the air conditioning units circulates, and the fruit. A plurality of covering parts forming gaps and covering the fruit, a delivery thin tube connected to the circulation piping and the covering part and guiding the conditioned air to the covering part, and connected to the covering part and the circulation piping. , a reception capillary that guides the air in the covering section to the circulation piping, the circulation piping is arranged such that the circulating conditioned air passes through at least two of the air conditioning sections, and the circulation piping is arranged such that the circulating conditioned air passes through at least two of the air conditioning sections; The opening surface of the end that connects to the circulation piping and the opening surface of the end of the reception capillary that connects to the circulation piping are an opening bored in the circulation piping to connect the delivery capillary and the reception capillary. The sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are connected to the circulation piping so as to be fixed at any position within a range from the outer periphery of the opening to an inner surface of a predetermined length that connects in the longitudinal direction of the circulation piping. fruit cultivation system.
<3> A part of the outer periphery of the opening surface of the sending capillary tube and a part of the outer periphery of the opening surface of the receiving capillary are in close contact with the outer periphery of the opening bored in the circulation pipe, respectively.<1 > or the fruit cultivation system according to <2>.
<4> The fruit cultivation system according to <1> or <2>, wherein the sending thin tube and the receiving thin tube are fixed to the inner surface of the circulation pipe.
<5> The delivery capillary is connected to the circulation piping such that the opening surface of the delivery capillary faces in a direction opposite to the direction in which the conditioned air flows in the circulation piping, and the opening surface of the reception capillary The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the receiving capillary is connected to the circulation pipe so as to face the same direction as the direction in which the conditioned air flows through the circulation pipe.
<6> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the air conditioning unit adjusts the humidity and temperature of the air.
<7> As the circulation piping is located downstream of the flow of the conditioned air in the circulation piping starting from the point where the circulation piping connects to the air conditioning unit, the inner diameters of the connected delivery capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube become larger. The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <6>.
<8> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <7>, wherein the opening formed in the circulation pipe has an elliptical shape whose major axis is in the longitudinal direction of the circulation pipe. .
<9> An end of the sending capillary that connects to the covering section and an end of the receiving capillary that connects to the covering section have a small hole and are inserted into the covering section <1> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <8>.
<10> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <9>, wherein the sending thin tube and the receiving thin tube are detachable.
<11> The circulation piping is composed of a plurality of circulation tubes having different inner diameters, and the inner diameter becomes smaller as the circulation tube connects to the air conditioning unit to the circulation tube connects to the delivery capillary tube and the reception capillary tube. The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <10>, which is smaller.
<12> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <11>, further comprising a medicine adding means for adding a medicine used for cultivating the fruit to the conditioned air.
<13> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <12>, wherein the air conditioning unit adjusts the air so as to suppress cracking of the fruit.
<14> A fruit cultivation kit for producing the fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <13>, which includes the circulation piping, the delivery capillary, the reception capillary, and the coating of a predetermined length. A fruit cultivation kit comprising at least parts.
<15> A method for producing fruit grown using the fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <13>.
<16> The method for producing a fruit according to <15>, wherein the fruit is a grape fruit.

According to the fruit cultivation system, fruit cultivation kit, and fruit production method of the present invention, controlled air is circulated through the covering part that covers the fruit, so that the surrounding environment of the fruit can be locally and efficiently improved. It is possible to control damage such as fruit splitting at low cost. Furthermore, by fixing the delivery capillary tube and the reception capillary tube connected to the circulation piping near the opening for connection, it is possible to suppress the flow of circulating air from being obstructed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows the example (1st Embodiment) of the plastic greenhouse in which the fruit cultivation system based on this invention is used. 1 is a plan view showing an example (first embodiment) of a fruit cultivation system according to the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of an example (1st Embodiment) of the connection location of a sending thin tube, a receiving thin tube, and circulation piping. It is a schematic diagram of the example of a covering part in the state which covered the grape fruit. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a connection point between a separable sending capillary tube, a receiving capillary tube, and circulation piping. It is a schematic diagram of the modification of the covering part in the state which covered the grape fruit. It is a schematic diagram of the example (2nd Embodiment) of the connection location of a sending thin tube, a receiving thin tube, and circulation piping. It is a perspective view showing an example of a plastic greenhouse (third embodiment) in which the fruit cultivation system according to the present invention is used. It is a top view showing an example (3rd embodiment) of a fruit cultivation system concerning the present invention. It is a perspective view showing an example of a plastic greenhouse (4th embodiment) in which the fruit cultivation system concerning the present invention is used. It is a top view showing an example (4th embodiment) of a fruit cultivation system concerning the present invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of the example (4th Embodiment) of the fruit cultivation system based on this invention. It is a top view showing an example (fifth embodiment) of a fruit cultivation system concerning the present invention. It is a figure showing an example of the member included in the fruit cultivation kit concerning the present invention.

The present invention provides a space between an air conditioning unit that adjusts at least the humidity of the air, a circulation pipe that is connected to the air conditioning unit and through which the conditioned air that is the air that has been conditioned by the air conditioning unit circulates, and the fruit. forming a plurality of covering parts covering the fruit, a delivery thin tube connected to the circulation piping and the covering part and guiding the conditioned air to the covering part, and connected to the covering part and the circulation piping, a receiving capillary that guides the air in the covering section to the circulation piping, an opening surface of an end of the delivery capillary connected to the circulation piping and an opening surface of the end of the receiving capillary connected to the circulation piping. , from the outer periphery of an opening drilled in the circulation pipe to connect the delivery capillary and the reception capillary to an inner surface of a predetermined length that connects the opening in the longitudinal direction of the circulation pipe. The present invention relates to a fruit cultivation system in which the sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are connected to the circulation pipe so as to be fixed at the above position.

The present invention also provides a plurality of air conditioning sections that adjust at least the humidity of the air, a circulation pipe that is connected to the air conditioning sections and through which conditioned air that is air that has been conditioned by the air conditioning sections circulates, and a fruit. a plurality of covering parts that cover the fruit with gaps formed therebetween; a delivery thin tube connected to the circulation piping and the covering part and guiding the conditioned air to the covering part; and the covering part and the circulation piping. and a receiving capillary tube that is connected to the cover and guides the air in the covering section to the circulation piping, and the circulation piping is arranged such that the circulating conditioned air passes through at least two of the air conditioning sections, and The opening surface of the end of the sending capillary that connects to the circulation piping and the opening surface of the end of the receiving capillary that connects to the circulation piping are bored in the circulation piping to connect the sending capillary and the receiving capillary. The sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are connected to the circulation pipe such that the sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are placed at any position within a range from the outer periphery of the opening section to the inner surface of a predetermined length that connects the opening section in the longitudinal direction of the circulation pipe. Concerning fruit cultivation systems connected to piping.

The present invention also relates to a fruit cultivation kit for producing the fruit cultivation system, and a fruit cultivation method characterized by cultivation using the fruit cultivation system.

In the present invention, air (conditioned air) that has been regulated in an air conditioning section is circulated through circulation piping. Then, the air is passed through a delivery capillary connected to the circulation piping to the covering section covering the fruit, and the air inside the covering section is returned to the circulation piping through the receiving capillary connected to the circulation piping. Therefore, the range of the surrounding environment to be adjusted is not the entire greenhouse such as a greenhouse where fruits are grown, but only the air conditioning section, circulation piping, sending tube, receiving tube and covering section, so local adjustment is not possible. This makes it possible to accurately control the surrounding environment of fruits without using large-scale equipment.

In addition, the present invention has a structure in which a part of the air circulating in the circulation pipe is returned to the circulation pipe through the flow from the sending capillary to the covering section to the receiving capillary, so that the air flow in the circulation pipe is weakened. Air can be circulated while suppressing the amount of heat generated, allowing for efficient adjustment.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the delivery capillary tube and the reception capillary tube connected to the circulation pipe are fixed near the opening drilled in the circulation pipe to connect them, so that the delivery capillary tube and the reception capillary tube to be connected are fixed. can be suppressed from interfering with the flow of air in the circulation piping.
In this manner, the present invention locally, accurately, and efficiently adjusts the surrounding environment, so that damage to fruits such as fruit splitting can be suppressed at low cost.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same components are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations may be omitted. Furthermore, the numerical values, shapes, etc. in the following description are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Furthermore, although this embodiment takes as an example the suppression of split fruits in the cultivation of grapes, the present invention is not limited to the cultivation of grapes, but can also be applied to the cultivation of other fruits, and can be applied to suppress damage to fruits other than split fruits. It is also effective for promoting the growth of fruit, such as coloring.

An example (first embodiment) in which the fruit cultivation system according to the present invention is used for grape cultivation in a vinyl greenhouse will be described.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the greenhouse 1, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fruit cultivation system 2 used in the greenhouse 1. In FIG. 2, the fruit cultivation system 2 is shown larger than the greenhouse 1 in order to clearly show the structure of the fruit cultivation system 2 within the greenhouse 1.
The vinyl greenhouse 1 is a series of buildings made up of a plurality of buildings, and in this embodiment there are five buildings, and in FIGS. 1 and 2, the buildings are lined up in the horizontal direction. Each building has an arched ceiling. The frontage (width) (length in the horizontal direction in Figure 2) and depth (length in the vertical direction in Figure 2) of each building can be set appropriately, and in this embodiment, the frontage is 4 m and the depth is 50 m. It has become. No vinyl is pasted on the boundaries between each building (hereinafter referred to as "building boundaries"), and multiple pillars supporting the greenhouse 1 are erected.

Grape 3 is planted along the ridge boundary using the H-shaped pruning method. In other words, the main trunks of a plurality of grapes 3 extend vertically from the ground located at the boundary of the ridge, and the main branches spread out in an H shape from there, and as shown in FIG. (longitudinal direction). Twigs grow from the main branch, and fruits (grape berries) grow on each twig. In FIG. 2, only the main branches are shown.

The fruit cultivation system 2 is controlled by an air conditioning unit 80 that adjusts the air to humidity and temperature suitable for suppressing fruit cracking of the grapes 3, a covering unit 70 that covers the grape fruits 3A (see FIG. 4 described later), and an air conditioning unit 80. It includes a circulation pipe for circulating the air, a delivery capillary 50 that guides the circulating air to the covering section 70, and a receiving capillary 60 that guides the air in the covering section 70 to the circulation pipe.

The air conditioning unit 80 is located approximately at the center of the greenhouse 1 and is connected to circulation piping arranged within the greenhouse 1.
The air conditioning unit 80 is a closed space surrounded by walls, etc. in order to prevent the grapes 3 from splitting, and uses commercially available equipment to adjust the air in the space to a predetermined humidity and temperature. , delivering conditioned air. Specifically, an air conditioner (hereinafter abbreviated as "air conditioner") that automatically adjusts humidity and temperature to set values and an electric blower are used.

In order to suppress fruit splitting, it is best to create a low-humidity and low-temperature environment around the grape fruit 3A, so use an air conditioner to bring the air in the air conditioning unit 80 to the humidity and temperature of such an environment. .
The specific humidity and temperature are appropriately determined based on experiments and known knowledge in the field, taking into consideration the variety of grapes, the growth condition of the grape fruit 3A, etc.

For example, regarding the humidity, at the early stage of the growth of the grape fruit 3A, the humidity is set to the same level as the inside of the greenhouse 1 (60 to 70%), and the humidity inside the covering part 70 is adjusted as the grape grows to prevent cracking. The humidity of the air to be distributed may be controlled to be 50% or less, 30% or less, or 20% or less (just before harvesting). Regarding the temperature, since the temperature at which the grape fruit 3A starts to change color is about 23°C, it is preferable to control the temperature of the air to be distributed so that it is 15°C to 23°C (nighttime temperature). In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to phenomena other than fruit dehiscence, such as if grape fruit 3A is strongly dried in the late stage of ripening, it may cause shedding from the fruit far from the root. The air conditioned by the air conditioner is sent to the circulation pipe connected to the air conditioning unit 80 using an electric blower. The number of electric blowers installed in the air conditioning unit 80 and the amount of air sent by each electric blower are determined according to the scale and structure of the circulation piping arranged in the greenhouse 1. For example, four electric blowers are installed in the air conditioning unit 80, and each electric blower sends out an air volume of 11.5 m ³ /min.

Note that simply creating a low-humidity environment is effective in suppressing fruit cracking, so only the humidity within the air conditioning section 80 may be controlled by an air conditioner. In this case, a dehumidifier may be used instead of an air conditioner. In cases where the humidity (and temperature) can be adjusted only by sending air from the air conditioning unit 80, only an electric blower may be used. If your air conditioner is equipped with an air purification function, you may enable that function. In order to efficiently regulate the air within the air conditioning section 80, an air agitator such as a circulator may be used. The air conditioning unit 80 may not be constructed from a commercially available device, but a dedicated device may be manufactured. The outdoor unit of the air conditioner is placed outside the greenhouse 1, but if it is difficult to place it outside and it is placed inside, a path is provided to send the heat discharged from the outdoor unit to the outside of the greenhouse 1. For example, an exhaust port is bored in the ceiling of the greenhouse 1 located above the air conditioning unit 80, a path is provided to connect the outdoor unit to the exhaust port, and heat from the outdoor unit is sent out through the path.

In addition, the air conditioning unit 80 sets the air conditioner so that the humidity and temperature inside the air conditioning unit 80 are appropriate values for suppressing fruit cracking, but the humidity and temperature inside the covering unit 70 are measured, and the actual measurements are performed. The setting value of the air conditioner may be adjusted so that the value is appropriate for suppressing fruit fissure. Thereby, humidity and temperature can be adjusted more appropriately.

The circulation piping is composed of four types of circulation tubes (first circulation tube 10, second circulation tube 20, third circulation tube 30, and fourth circulation tube 40).
The circulation component pipes are hard polyvinyl chloride pipes (commonly known as PVC pipes). The inner diameter decreases in the order of the first circulation tube 10, the second circulation tube 20, the third circulation tube 30, and the fourth circulation tube 40. They are then connected in the reverse order and returned to the air conditioning unit 80.

The connection of different types of circulation tubes is a structure in which two circulation tubes with a smaller inner diameter are connected to one circulation tube with a larger inner diameter, that is, a structure in which they are separated or combined into two. It is connected by. Therefore, from the point of view of equalizing the amount of air flowing, the cross-sectional area of the circulation tube with the smaller inner diameter is 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the circulation tube with the larger inner diameter, and the inner diameter is 1/√2. However, when using a ready-made PVC pipe to reduce costs, the inner diameter that can be selected is limited, so at least the inner diameter should not be too large. For example, the inner diameter of the first circulation tube 10 is 75 mm, the inner diameter of the second circulation tube 20 is 65 mm, the inner diameter of the third circulation tube 30 is 65 mm, and the inner diameter of the fourth circulation tube 40 is 40 mm.
The circulation piping is wrapped with a sheet that has heat insulation or heat shielding properties, such as a light cover made of polyethylene foam, and is further wrapped with a sheet that has light blocking properties, such as an aluminum vapor-deposited sheet (the surface of which is vacuum-deposited with aluminum). sheet) is wrapped around it. Note that if the effect of using these is not necessary or if other means are used, it is not necessary to wrap them around the circulation pipe.
The circulation pipe is arranged at a higher position than the grape fruit 3A, and is fixed to a pipe or the like that forms and supports the greenhouse 1 with metal fittings, wire, or the like.

Inside the plastic greenhouse 1, the circulation pipes are symmetrically arranged in four divided regions centered on the air conditioning section 80. Below, the arrangement of circulation piping in one area (the upper right area in FIG. 2) will be explained. In other areas, the arrangement is symmetrical to that in that area. Note that in one area, four main branches of the grape 3 extend in the depth direction.

The first circulation constituting pipe 10 is composed of first circulation constituting pipes 11 and 12, both of which are connected to the air conditioning section 80.

The first circulation component pipe 11 is connected to the outlet of the electric blower in the air conditioning section 80 and penetrates the wall of the air conditioning section 80 . Then, it is arranged so as to extend horizontally in the frontage direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 2) of the greenhouse 1 to about one frontage (4 m).
The end of the first circulation tube 11 that is not connected to the outlet of the electric blower is connected to the second circulation tube 20 . Two second circulation constituent pipes 20 (21 and 22) are connected to one first circulation constituent pipe 11. Since the second circulation pipes 21 and 22 are arranged to extend in the same direction as the first circulation pipe 11, the connection between the first circulation pipe 11 and the second circulation pipe 21 and 22 is, for example, an L pipe. This is done by using a combination of a T-tube and a T-tube as a joint. That is, the end of the first circulation component pipe 11 is connected to one opening of the L pipe, and the other opening is connected to the opening on the branch pipe side of the T pipe (the opening that is not facing). Then, the ends of the second circulation component pipes 21 and 22 are connected to the two openings (opposing openings) on the main pipe side of the T-pipe, respectively. Note that a combination of pipes of other shapes may be used as a joint.

The first circulation tube 12 is connected to the air conditioning section 80 by fitting the end of the first circulation tube 12 into a connection port bored in the wall of the air conditioning section 80 . Then, it extends horizontally in the depth direction of the greenhouse 1 to one gable surface (the upper part in FIG. 2), and near the gable surface, it extends to one end surface (side surface) in the frontage direction (the right surface in FIG. 2). ), and is arranged so as to extend along the gable side to about one width (4 m).
The end of the first circulation component pipe 12 that is not connected to the air conditioning unit 80 is also connected to the second circulation component pipe 20, and the second circulation component pipes 23 and 24 are connected to the first circulation component pipe 12. There is. As in the case of the first circulation component pipe 11, the first circulation component pipe 12 and the second circulation component pipes 23 and 24 are also connected using, for example, a combination of an L pipe and a T pipe as a joint.

As mentioned above, the second circulation component pipe 20 is composed of the second circulation component pipes 21, 22, 23, and 24, the second circulation component pipes 21 and 22 are connected to the first circulation component pipe 11, and the second circulation component pipe 20 is The circulation tubes 23 and 24 are connected to the first circulation tube 12 .

The second circulation pipe 21 is connected to the first circulation pipe 11 via a joint, and is arranged so as to extend horizontally in the frontage direction of the greenhouse 1 toward one side.
The end of the second circulation tube 21 that is not connected to the first circulation tube 11 is connected to the third circulation tube 30 . Two third circulation constituent pipes 30 (31 and 32) are connected to one second circulation constituent pipe 21. The connection between the second circulation configuration pipe 21 and the third circulation configuration pipes 31 and 32 is similar to the connection between the first circulation configuration pipe 11 and the second circulation configuration pipe 21 and 22, for example, a combination of an L pipe and a T pipe. This is done using as a fitting.

The second circulation pipe 22 is connected to the first circulation pipe 11 via a joint, and is arranged so as to extend horizontally in the frontage direction of the greenhouse 1 toward the other side. The end portion of the second circulation component pipe 22 that is not connected to the first circulation component pipe 11 is connected to two third circulation component pipes 30 with the same structure as the second circulation component pipe 21. .

The second circulation tube 23 is connected to the first circulation tube 12 via a joint, and is connected to the third circulation tubes 33 and 34 with the same arrangement and structure as the second circulation tube 21 . The second circulation pipe 24 is also connected to the first circulation pipe 12 via a joint, and is connected to two third circulation pipes 30 with the same arrangement and structure as the second circulation pipe 22. .

The third circulation tube 30 is composed of eight circulation tubes including third circulation tubes 31 , 32 , 33 and 34 , and the third circulation tubes 31 and 32 are connected to the second circulation tube 21 . , the third circulation component pipes 33 and 34 are connected to the second circulation component pipe 23.

The third circulation component pipe 31 is connected to the second circulation component pipe 21 via a joint, and extends horizontally in the frontage direction of the greenhouse 1 toward one side as far as the vicinity of the main branches of the grapes 3. It is located.
The end of the third circulation tube 31 that is not connected to the second circulation tube 21 is connected to the fourth circulation tube 40 . Two fourth circulation constituent pipes 40 (41 and 42) are connected to one third circulation constituent pipe 31. Since the fourth circulation tubes 41 and 42 are arranged to extend in a direction perpendicular to the third circulation tube 31, the connection between the third circulation tube 31 and the fourth circulation tube 41 and 42 is, for example, L This is done by using a combination of a pipe and a bifurcated Y-tube as a joint. That is, the end of the third circulation component pipe 31 is connected to one opening of the L pipe, and the other opening is connected to the opening on the non-branched side of the bifurcated Y pipe, The ends of the fourth circulation component pipes 41 and 42 are connected to the two branching openings of the bifurcated Y pipe, respectively. Note that a combination of pipes of other shapes may be used as a joint.

The third circulation component pipe 32 is connected to the second circulation component pipe 21 via a joint, and extends horizontally in the frontage direction of the greenhouse 1 to the vicinity of another adjacent main branch of the grape 3 toward the other side. arranged to stretch. The ends of the third circulation tube 32 that are not connected to the second circulation tube 21 are connected to two fourth circulation tubes 40 with the same structure as the third circulation tube 31. .

The third circulation structure pipes 33 and 34 and the other sets of third circulation structure pipes connected to the second circulation structure pipe 20 also have the same arrangement and structure as the third circulation structure pipes 31 and 32, respectively. It is connected to pipe 40.

The fourth circulation structure pipe 40 is composed of eight circulation structure pipes including the fourth circulation structure pipes 41 and 42, and the fourth circulation structure pipes 41 and 42 are connected to the third circulation structure pipes 31 and 33 through joints. is connected to.

The fourth circulation constituting pipes 41 and 42 extend in parallel in the depth direction of the greenhouse 1 so as to sandwich the main branches of the grapes 3. The other fourth circulation constituting pipes 40 are also arranged in pairs and extend in parallel in the depth direction of the greenhouse 1 so as to sandwich the main branches of the grapes 3.

In this embodiment, since the depth of the greenhouse 1 is 50 m, the length of each fourth circulation component pipe 40 is approximately 24 m in consideration of the installation area of the air conditioning unit 80, etc. .

With such a configuration of the circulation piping, the air conditioned by the air conditioning section 80 is routed from the air conditioning section 80 to the first circulation tube 11, the second circulation tube 21, and the air conditioning section 80, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 22, the four third circulation constituent pipes 30 including the third circulation constituent pipes 31 and 32, the eight fourth circulation constituent pipes 40 including the fourth circulation constituent pipes 41 and 42, and It flows in this order through the four third circulation tubes 30 including the circulation tubes 33 and 34, the second circulation tubes 23 and 24, and the first circulation tube 12, and returns to the air conditioning unit 80.

Note that a valve may be installed near a joint of the circulation pipe to adjust the amount of air flowing inside the circulation pipe. Further, although the circulation piping is composed of four types of circulation pipes, the number of types of circulation pipes is not limited to four, and may be composed of any other number of types. Furthermore, although the different types of circulation component pipes are connected in a structure in which they are separated or combined into two, a structure in which they are separated or combined into three or more may also be used. The inner diameter of each circulation tube is not limited to the above, and can be changed as appropriate, and the inner diameters of all circulation tubes may be made the same.

The delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are tubes made of silicone rubber, which is a rubber-like silicone resin, and have an inner diameter smaller than that of the fourth circulation component tube 40, for example, 7 to 9 mm. ing. Note that other materials may be used instead of silicone rubber.

The delivery capillary tube 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 are arranged in pairs, one adjacent to each other, and connected to the fourth circulation constituting tube 40 at a constant interval. The ends of the delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 that are not connected to the fourth circulation component tube 40 are inserted into the interior of the covering section 70 . Therefore, the number of delivery thin tubes 50 and receiving thin tubes 60 connected to one fourth circulation component pipe 40 is adjusted to the number of grape fruits 3A that are expected to grow within the length range of the fourth circulation component pipe 40. It becomes a number. For example, in this embodiment, the length of the fourth circulation constituting tube 40 is about 24 m, so the delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are connected to the fourth circulation constituting tube 40 at intervals of about 20 cm, and one fourth circulation conduit 120 sets of sending capillary tubes 50 and receiving capillary tubes 60 are connected to the constituent tube 40. Note that the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 may not be adjacent to each other, and the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 may be alternately connected to the fourth circulation component tube 40 at approximately the same interval.

As the air flows through the fourth circulation component tube 40, the air inside the covering section 70 is added to the air through the receiving capillary tube 60, and the temperature of the air increases. Therefore, as the flow goes from upstream to downstream, that is, from a position close to the third circulation constituent pipes 31 and 32 to a position close to the third circulation constituent pipes 33 and 34, the delivery thin tube connected to the fourth circulation constituent pipe 40 increases. 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 have larger inner diameters. For example, if 120 sets of delivery thin tubes 50 and receiving thin tubes 60 connected to one fourth circulation component pipe 40 are divided into three groups from upstream to downstream of the air flow, the inner diameter of the 40 pairs of the first group is The inner diameter of the next group of 40 pairs is 8 mm, and the inner diameter of the last group of 40 pairs is 9 mm. As a result, the amount of air flowing into the covering portion 70 is increased toward the downstream side, thereby suppressing a decrease in the cooling effect. Note that in cases where the rise in the temperature of the air downstream is not large or when the decline in cooling effect is suppressed by other means, the inner diameters of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 may be the same without being changed. .

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the connection points between the delivery thin tube 50, the receiving thin tube 60, and the fourth circulation component tube 40. FIG. 3 shows the inside of the fourth circulation tube 40 when the fourth circulation tube 40 is cut along a plane that passes through these connection points and extends in the longitudinal direction (lateral direction in FIG. 3) of the fourth circulation tube 40. It shows the structure. The arrow indicates the direction in which the air flows.

The delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are inserted into the fourth circulation tube 40 from separate openings formed in the fourth circulation tube 40 . The delivery capillary 50 is installed such that the opening surface of the end of the delivery capillary 50 faces in the opposite direction to the direction in which the air in the fourth circulation component tube 40 flows, and the receiving capillary 60 The opening surface at the end of the tube 60 is installed so as to face the same direction as the direction in which the air inside the fourth circulation component tube 40 flows. In FIG. 3, the air in the fourth circulation tube 40 flows from left to right, so the opening surface of the delivery thin tube 50 faces leftward, and the opening surface of the receiving thin tube 60 faces right. This makes it easier for the air flowing through the fourth circulation tube 40 to flow into the delivery thin tube 50, and the air flowing through the reception thin tube 60 to flow out into the fourth circulation tube 40.

The delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are inserted into an opening formed in the fourth circulation tube 40, then curved into an L-shape, and fixed to the inner surface of the fourth circulation tube 40. The delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 fixed to the inner surface of the fourth circulation tube 40 are within a predetermined length (for example, 10 to 15 cm) from the opening in the longitudinal direction of the fourth circulation tube 40. It is stretched so that the opening surface of the end is located at.
The sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are fixed to the inner surface of the fourth circulation component tube 40 using, for example, a stainless steel wire. That is, a hole or a groove for passing the wire through is made in the place where the ends of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 to be inserted are fixed, and the wire is passed through there to connect the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60. By circulating the outer surface and drawing the wire to the inner surface of the fourth circulation component tube 40 to attach the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 to the inner surface and fixing the wires so that they do not move, the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are is fixed to the inner surface of the fourth circulation component pipe 40. In this way, by fixing the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 to the inner surface near the opening, the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are prevented from interfering with the flow of air in the fourth circulation component tube 40. do. Note that the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 may be fixed together using an adhesive or the like.

Since the delivery thin tube 50 and the reception thin tube 60 are inserted into the opening and then bent into an L shape as described above, the delivery thin tube 50 and the reception thin tube 60 are bent in the radial direction of the fourth circulation component tube 40 at the point where they are bent. The area where air can pass through may be narrowed due to pressure. In order to suppress this, the opening is formed so as to have an elliptical shape with the long axis direction being the longitudinal direction of the fourth circulation component pipe 40. Thereby, the delivery thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are compressed in the circumferential direction of the fourth circulation component tube 40 at the openings, so that the pressure in the radial direction can be alleviated. Note that the opening may be circular in cases where the area through which air passes does not become too narrow even when compressed in the radial direction.

Considering the flow of air in the fourth circulation tube 40, the delivery thin tube 50 and the reception thin tube 60 are connected to the fourth circulation tube 40 in a row in the longitudinal direction of the fourth circulation tube 40. It is preferable that the Further, the delivery thin tubes 50 and the receiving thin tubes 60 may be arranged in two rows and connected to the fourth circulation constituting tube 40. In this case, for example, the fourth circulation component pipes 41 and 42 can be integrated into one.
The ends of the delivery capillary tube 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 that are not connected to the fourth circulation component tube 40 are inserted into the interior of the coating section 70 . The end faces of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are open, and furthermore, a plurality of small holes are bored in the end portions. By forming the small holes, the end surfaces of the delivery capillary tube 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 are prevented from adhering to the inner surface of the covering portion 70 and becoming closed. Note that in cases where there is no risk of such adhesion occurring, it is not necessary to drill a small hole.

The covering portion 70 covers the grape fruit 3A, and forms a gap around the grape fruit 3A that is a closed space isolated from the outside. By sending air regulated by the air conditioning section 80 into this gap, the surrounding environment of the grape fruit 3A is regulated.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the covering portion 70 covering the grape fruit 3A. The covering part 70 is bag-shaped and has a size that covers the entire grape fruit 3A and forms a gap of a certain width.
It is preferable that the covering part 70 has low moisture permeability so that it is not easily affected by the external humidity environment, and high visible light transmittance so that the condition of the grape fruit 3A can be confirmed from the outside. In this embodiment, the covering portion 70 is formed of a transparent film made of polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, or the like. Note that the covering portion 70 may be made of materials other than transparent films made of these materials, and may be a container that is harder than a film instead of a bag.

The covering portion 70 is covered with a sheet having heat insulating or heat shielding properties, such as a grape bag made of paper material, in order to reduce the influence of outside temperature on the inside. In order to increase heat retention, two grape bags may be placed on top of each other. In cases where the outside temperature is high, a light-shielding sheet such as an aluminum vapor-deposited sheet may be further applied thereon. In this case, in order to promote coloring of the grape fruits 3A, a plurality of holes are formed in the aluminum vapor-deposited sheet so that external light can enter into the covering portion 70. The number and size of the holes to be drilled are changed depending on the variety of grapes 3, and if the coloring is to be strong, it is necessary to allow more outside light to enter. Note that a polyethylene bag or a nylon net having an open bottom, for example, may be placed over these sheets to keep birds out. On the other hand, if the effects of these sheets are not needed or if other means are used, it is not necessary to apply them to the covering portion 70.

The delivery capillary 50 and the reception capillary 60 are inserted together with the grape fruit 3A through the opening of the covering part 70, and the opening is closed with the twigs on which the grape fruit 3A is growing, the delivery capillary 50, and the reception capillary 60 bundled together. The closed part is tied with a string-like member or the like.

The delivery thin tube 50 is inserted so that its end is located above the covering section 70, and the receiving thin tube 60 is inserted so that its end is located below the covering section 70. Thereby, the air regulated by the air conditioning section 80 is efficiently distributed throughout the grape fruit 3A from the delivery thin tube 50, and the air inside the covering section 70 is efficiently discharged from the receiving thin tube 60. Note that the positions of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 within the coating section 70 do not have to be as described above.
As described above, the small holes 51 and 61 are formed at the end of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60, respectively, so that the end surfaces of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 meet the inner surface of the covering portion 70. to prevent it from adhering to the

It should be noted that a sheet having heat insulating properties or heat shielding properties, such as a bubble buffer material, etc., is applied to the parts of the sending capillary tube 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 that are not inserted into the fourth circulation component tube 40 and the covering section 70 and are exposed to the outside. You can wrap it around it. In this case, a sheet may be individually wrapped around each of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60, or the sheet may be wrapped around the two tubes together.

Furthermore, although the delivery capillary tube 50 and the reception capillary tube 60 are fixed so as not to come off from the fourth circulation component tube 40, the delivery capillary tube 50 and the reception capillary tube 60 are connected to the fourth circulation component tube 40 in a removable state. It's okay. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the delivery thin tube 150 and the receiving thin tube 160 are structured to be separable at a position outside and near the connection point with the fourth circulation component tube 40. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection points between the delivery thin tube 150, the receiving thin tube 160, and the fourth circulation component tube 40. One separated part is connected to the fourth circulation constituting pipe 40, and the other part is inserted into the covering part 70. Both are connected by fitting their ends together. With such a structure, the grape fruit 3A can be harvested with the covering portion 70 tied to the delivery thin tube 150 and the receiving thin tube 160.

In the covering part 70, the twig on which the grape fruit 3A is growing, the sending thin tube 50, and the receiving thin tube 60 are inserted into the opening, but one more opening is provided, and the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are newly inserted. It may be inserted into a provided opening. For example, the covering part 170 shown in FIG. 6 has openings at the top and bottom, a twig is inserted into the upper opening, and a delivery thin tube 50 and a receiving thin tube 60 are inserted into the lower opening. By adopting such a structure, it becomes possible to arrange the circulation pipe at a position lower than the grape fruit 3A. Moreover, since the twigs, the sending thin tube 50, and the receiving thin tube 60 are separated, it becomes easier to harvest the grape fruit 3A.

The sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are inserted through the opening of the covering part 70, the opening is closed in a bundled state, and the closed part is tied with a string-like member. The sending capillary tube 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 may be bonded in advance with adhesive tape or the like at a portion of the receiving capillary tube 60 that is in close contact with the opening, and then inserted through the opening of the covering portion 70 . Thereby, the work of covering the grape fruit 3A with the covering portion 70 can be made more efficient, and it is possible to suppress the expansion of the gap that occurs in the closed portion. A sealant or the like may be used at the location where the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are bonded together to further fill the gap. Sealants are materials used to fill gaps such as joints and cracks in buildings to improve airtightness and waterproofness.There are silicone-based, urethane-based, acrylic-based, etc., so choose the appropriate sealant. use.

In the above-described fruit cultivation system 2, the air conditioning unit 80 is located approximately at the center of the greenhouse 1, but it may be located at another location within the greenhouse 1, for example, near the center of the side surface. . The air conditioning unit 80 may be installed outside the greenhouse 1 instead of inside the greenhouse 1. However, in these cases, the distance from the air conditioning unit 80 to each pipe of the fourth circulation component pipe 40 will be different, so the conditions for the air flowing to each pipe of the fourth circulation component pipe 40 should be made the same. In order to do this, it is necessary to adjust the air volume, etc. of the electric blower connected to each pipe of the first circulation component pipe 10.

Further, a plurality of air conditioning units 80 may be installed, and if the scale of the greenhouse 1 is large, it is practical to install a plurality of air conditioning units 80. The air conditioning unit 80 may be downsized and a plurality of air conditioning units 80 may be installed on the scale of the greenhouse 1 shown in FIG. 1. For example, one air conditioning section may be installed in each of the four regions shown in FIG. 2.

Other embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
First, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The delivery capillary 50 and the reception capillary 60 in the first embodiment are inserted through an opening made in the fourth circulation component tube 40 and are fixed to the inner surface of the fourth circulation component tube 40, but the delivery capillary 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 do not extend to the inner surface of the fourth circulation component tube 40, but only extend to a position where the opening surfaces of the ends of the sending capillary tube 50 and the receiving capillary tube 60 contact the outer periphery of the opening. is also possible.

FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the connection points between the delivery thin tube 50 and the reception thin tube 60 and the fourth circulation tube 40 when the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 are connected to the fourth circulation tube 40 as described above. show. As in the case of FIG. 3, FIG. 7 shows the internal structure of the fourth circulation component pipe 40 when the fourth circulation component pipe 40 is cut at a plane that passes through the connection point and extends in the longitudinal direction of the fourth circulation component pipe 40. It shows.

The delivery thin tube 50 is inserted into the opening 40a bored in the fourth circulation component tube 40, and the upper part of the opening surface of the end of the delivery thin tube 50 is shown by the arrow S1 in FIG. 7 on the outer periphery of the opening 40a. It is in close contact with the fourth circulation constituting pipe 40 at the location where it is located. The lower side surface of the delivery thin tube 50 is in close contact with the fourth circulation component tube 40 at a location indicated by arrow S2, which is a location opposite to the location indicated by arrow S1 on the outer periphery of the opening 40a. . The connection between the delivery capillary tube 50 and the fourth circulation component tube 40 is achieved by closely adhering the delivery capillary tube 50 to the fourth circulation component tube 40 using an adhesive or the like at the locations indicated by arrows S1 and S2, and then connecting the delivery capillary tube 50 to the fourth circulation component tube 40 at the opening 40a. This is done by covering the connecting portion between the delivery thin tube 50 and the fourth circulation tube 40 with a sealant or the like so as to fill the gap created between the thin tube 50 and the fourth circulation tube 40 . Note that in cases where the delivery capillary tube 50 and the fourth circulation component tube 40 can be connected only by coating with a sealant or the like, it is not necessary to make close contact with an adhesive or the like at the locations indicated by arrows S1 and S2. Furthermore, if the delivery capillary tube 50 can be fixed to the fourth circulation component tube 40 only by close contact at the location indicated by arrow S1, it is not necessary to perform close contact using an adhesive or the like at the location indicated by arrow S2.

The receiving capillary 60 is inserted into the opening 40b drilled in the fourth circulation constituting tube 40, and has the same structure and means as the delivery capillary 50, and is inserted at the locations indicated by arrows R1 and R2 in FIG. It is closely connected to the fourth circulation component pipe 40.

By connecting the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60 to the fourth circulation tube 40 in this way, the opening surface at the end of the sending thin tube 50 faces in the opposite direction to the direction in which the air in the fourth circulation tube 40 flows. The opening surface of the end of the receiving thin tube 60 faces in the same direction as the direction in which the air in the fourth circulation component tube 40 flows. Therefore, the air flowing through the fourth circulation tube 40 easily flows into the delivery thin tube 50, and the air flowing through the reception thin tube 60 easily flows out into the fourth circulation tube 40, and the air flows into the fourth circulation tube 40. Since the range of the delivery thin tube 50 and the reception thin tube 60 that have been used is smaller than that in the first embodiment, the delivery thin tube 50 and the reception thin tube 60 will not interfere with the flow of air in the fourth circulation component tube 40. can be further suppressed compared to the case of the first embodiment. Furthermore, since there is no need to fix the delivery capillary tube 50 and the reception capillary tube 60 to the inner surface of the fourth circulation component tube 40 with wire or the like, the delivery capillary tube 50 and the reception capillary tube 60 are easily connected to the fourth circulation component tube 40. You will be able to do this. Note that when the delivery capillary tube 50 and the reception capillary tube 60 are connected to the fourth circulation component tube 40, the opening surface of the end of the delivery capillary tube 50 and the opening surface of the end of the reception capillary tube 60 are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the fourth circulation component tube 40. Both opening surfaces may be formed at an angle slightly inclined from the lateral direction (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) of the sending thin tube 50 and the receiving thin tube 60, respectively, so that the opening surfaces are perpendicular to the above. Thereby, the inflow of air into the delivery thin tube 50 and the outflow of air from the reception thin tube 60 can be performed more efficiently.

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment, the circulation piping is configured by connecting different types of circulation pipes in a structure in which they are separated or combined into two, but in this configuration, grapes grown in a wider area In order to increase the number of circulation tubes to which the sending and receiving tubes are connected, the number of stages of circulation tubes connected from the air conditioning unit 80 to the circulation tube increases, making the configuration complicated. There is a possibility that it will become. It is possible to deal with this by preparing a plurality of air conditioning units 80 and arranging a plurality of configurations as shown in FIG. 2, but it is also possible to deal with this by changing the configuration of the circulation piping. It is.

An example (third embodiment) of a fruit cultivation system corresponding to the above will be described.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a plastic greenhouse 4 according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of a fruit cultivation system 5 used in the plastic greenhouse 4. As in the case of FIG. 2, in FIG. 9, the fruit cultivation system 5 is drawn larger than the greenhouse 4 in order to clearly show the structure of the fruit cultivation system 5 within the greenhouse 4.

In the third embodiment, the vinyl greenhouses 4 are a series of 10 buildings, and as in the first embodiment, the frontage is 4 m and the depth is 50 m. The air conditioning unit 80 is located outside the greenhouse 4.

The circulation piping in the third embodiment is composed of a circulation main pipe 110, a circulation branch pipe 120, a circulation small branch pipe 130, and a circulation thin tube 140. Furthermore, the circulation branch pipe 120 is made up of circulation branch pipes 121 and 122, and the circulation small branch pipe 130 is made up of circulation pipes 121 and 122. From the branchlets 131 and 132, the circulation tubule 140 is composed of the circulation tubules 141 and 142, respectively. The circulation main pipe 110, the circulation branch pipe 120, the circulation small branch pipe 130, and the circulation thin tube 140 correspond to the circulation constituent pipes.

The inner diameters of the circulation main pipe 110, circulation branch pipe 120, circulation small branch pipe 130, and circulation thin tube 140 become smaller in this order.For example, the inner diameter of the circulation main pipe 110 is 100 mm, the inner diameter of the circulation branch pipe 120 is 65 to 70 mm, and the circulation The inner diameter of the small branch tube 130 is 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the circulation tube 140 is 25 mm.

The circulation main pipe 110 is connected to the air conditioning section 80. Specifically, it is connected to a discharge port of an electric blower in the air conditioning section 80, penetrates the wall of the air conditioning section 80, and extends into the inside of the greenhouse 4. Inside the greenhouse 4, the circulation main pipe 110 is located approximately at the center in the depth direction of the greenhouse 4, and is piped so as to extend horizontally in the frontage direction. Therefore, the air conditioning unit 80 is preferably installed near the center of one side of the greenhouse 4.
For example, when the air conditioning unit 80 is installed outside one side of the greenhouse 4 as shown in FIG. It has been extended to The end face of the circulation main pipe 110 facing the other side is closed.

Circulation branch pipes 121 and 122 constituting the circulation branch pipe 120 are also connected to the air conditioning section 80. The circulation branch pipes 121 and 122 are connected by fitting respective ends of the circulation branch pipes 121 and 122 into separate connection ports bored in the wall of the air conditioning unit 80 .

Inside the greenhouse 4, as shown in FIG. 9, the circulation branch pipe 121 extends from the point where it is inserted into the inside of the greenhouse 4 along the side to one end face (the upper part in FIG. 9). It is bent vertically near the face and extends along the end face to the other side.

The arrangement of the circulation branch pipe 122 is symmetrical to the arrangement of the circulation branch pipe 121. That is, the circulation branch pipe 122 extends from the point where it is inserted into the inside of the greenhouse 4 along the side surface to the other gable surface (lower part in FIG. 9), bends vertically near the gable surface, and extends from the gable surface. along the same line and extending to the other side. The end faces of the circulation branch pipes 121 and 122 facing the other side are closed.

A small circulation branch pipe 131 constituting the small circulation branch pipe 130 is connected to the circulation main pipe 110, and a small circulation branch pipe 132 is connected to the circulation branch pipe 120 (circulation branch pipe 121 or 122).

The circulation branch pipes 131 extend from the circulation main pipe 110 toward each main branch of the grape 3 extending on both sides of the circulation main pipe 110 (above and below the circulation main pipe 110 in FIG. 9), and are located at the ridge boundary. Four of them are placed near each other. Since the air flowing through the circulation main pipe 110 passes through the circulation branch pipe 131 and flows into the circulation thin pipe 140, the circulation small branch pipe 131 is connected diagonally to the circulation main pipe 110 so that the air can easily flow. . Specifically, the small circulation branch pipe 131 is connected to the circulation main pipe 110 so that the direction of the air flowing inside the circulation main pipe 110 from the connection point and the direction of the air flowing inside the circulation small branch pipe 131 make an acute angle. Connected. Use a Y pipe as a joint for connection. Therefore, the circulation small branch pipe 131 connected to the circulation main pipe 110 in one direction (in FIG. 9, the circulation small branch pipe 131 connected to the upper part of the circulation main pipe 110 or the circulation small branch pipe connected to the lower part) 131) is connected to the circulation main pipe 110, offset from the circulation branch pipe 131 connected in the other direction.

The circulation branch pipe 132 is paired with the circulation branch pipe 131, and extends from the circulation branch pipe 120 toward each main branch of the grape 3. There are two branches connected to the circulation branch pipe 121 near the ridge boundary. A total of four pipes, two of which are connected to the circulation branch pipe 122, are arranged. Since the air from the circulation tubule 140 flows into the circulation branch pipe 120 through the circulation branch pipe 132, the circulation branch pipe 132 is connected to the circulation branch pipe 120 so that the air can easily flow, similar to the circulation small branch pipe 131. connected diagonally. Specifically, the small circulation branch pipe 132 is connected to the circulation branch pipe 120 such that the angle formed by the direction of the air flowing inside the circulation branch pipe 120 toward the connection point and the direction of the air flowing inside the circulation small branch pipe 132 is an acute angle. are doing. For connection, a Y pipe is used as a joint, similar to the circulation branch pipe 131.

Note that the small circulation branch pipe 131 may be connected to the circulation main pipe 110 at a right angle, not diagonally, and the circulation small branch pipe 132 may also be connected to the circulation branch pipe 120, not diagonally but at a right angle.

A valve 90 is installed in the circulation branch pipe 130. By adjusting the amount of air flowing through the circulation branch pipe 130 using the valve 90, the amount of air finally delivered to the covering section 70 is adjusted. Note that the valve 90 may be omitted in consideration of cost and the like.

Circulatory tubule 140 is connected to circulating tubules 131 and 132. Two circulation tubules 140 (circulation tubules 141 and 142) are connected to one set of circulation tubules 131 and 132. Specifically, a two-branch type Y pipe is used as a joint, and the end of the circulation branch pipe 131 that is not connected to the circulation main pipe 110 is connected to the opening of the Y pipe on the non-branched side. , one end of each of the circulation thin tubes 141 and 142 is connected to two openings of the branched Y tube.

The circulation thin tubes 141 and 142, like the fourth circulation component tube 40 in the first embodiment, extend in parallel in the depth direction of the greenhouse 4 so as to sandwich the main branch of the grape 3. . Then, the other end of each of the circulation tubules 141 and 142 and the end of the circulation branch tube 132 are connected to the openings of the bifurcated Y tube that is the joint, as in the case of the circulation branch tube 131. There is.

In this embodiment, since the depth of the greenhouse 4 is 50 m, the length of each circulation thin tube 140 is approximately 25 m.

With such a configuration of the circulation piping, the air conditioned by the air conditioning section 80 is transferred from the air conditioning section 80 to the circulation main tube 110, the circulation branch tube 131, and the circulation thin tube 140 (as shown by the arrow in FIG. 9). It flows in the order of the circulation tubules 141 and 142), further flows in the order of the circulation branch pipe 132 and the circulation branch pipe 120 (circulation branch pipe 121 or 122), and returns to the air conditioning unit 80.

In the third embodiment, the circulation capillary 140 is connected to the delivery capillary 50 and the receiving capillary 60 . Therefore, when increasing the number of circulation tubes 140 to cover grapes 3 grown in a wider area, the circulation main tube 110 and the circulation branch tube 120 are extended, and the circulation small branch tube 130 and the circulation tube 140 are connected to the extended portions. Just do it.
Note that the circulation piping in the third embodiment is composed of four types of tubes: a circulation main pipe 110, a circulation branch pipe 120, a circulation small branch pipe 130, and a circulation thin tube 140, but the types of the constituent pipes are limited to four types. Instead, it may be configured with other types of numbers. Moreover, the number of each tube is not limited to the above-mentioned number, and may be configured with other numbers. The inner diameter of each tube is not limited to the above, but can be changed as appropriate, and all tubes may have the same inner diameter.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the fruit cultivation system 2 according to the first embodiment, there is basically one air conditioning section 80, and the air sent out from the air conditioning section 80 flows through the circulation pipe, the sending tube, the receiving tube, and the covering section. It has a configuration that returns to the air conditioning unit 80 (hereinafter referred to as a "single-part configuration"), and even when a plurality of air conditioning units are provided, the single-part configuration is arranged side by side. On the other hand, the fruit cultivation system has a single-part structure including a plurality of air conditioning units (hereinafter referred to as a "multi-part structure"), that is, the air sent out from the air conditioning unit goes through circulation piping, delivery thin tubes, etc. It is also possible to construct a configuration in which the air flows through the receiving capillary and the covering section, and also flows through another air conditioning section, returning to the original air conditioning section. With a single-part configuration, if the circulation piping becomes long, the effect of air adjustment in the air conditioning section may be weakened near the most downstream part of the air flow, but with a multi-part configuration, the air adjustment effect can be weakened. The weakening of the effect can be suppressed.

An example of a multi-part fruit cultivation system (fourth embodiment) will be described.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a plastic greenhouse 6 according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a plan view of a fruit cultivation system 7 used in the plastic greenhouse 6. As in the case of FIGS. 2 and 9, in FIG. 11, the fruit cultivation system 7 is shown larger than the greenhouse 6 in order to clearly show the structure of the fruit cultivation system 7 inside the greenhouse 6. There is.

In the fourth embodiment, the greenhouse 6 is a series of three buildings, and the frontage is 4 m and the depth is 50 m, as in the first embodiment. Inside the greenhouse 6, four main branches of the grape 3 extend in the depth direction.

The fruit cultivation system 7 has a multi-part configuration including two air conditioning units 181 and 182. The circulation piping is arranged to connect between the air conditioning units 181 and 182, and is composed of an A circulation component pipe 210 and a B circulation component pipe 220, which have the same shape, material, etc. The inner diameter of the A circulation component tube 210 and the B circulation component tube 220 is, for example, 65 mm.

The air conditioning unit 181 is located near one end face (the upper part in FIG. 11) of the greenhouse 6, and is connected to one end of all the circulation pipes. The air conditioning unit 182 is located near the other gable (lower part in FIG. 11) in the greenhouse 6, and is connected to the other ends of all the circulation pipes.

Like the air conditioning unit 80 of the first embodiment, the air conditioning units 181 and 182 are closed spaces, and use an air conditioner and an electric blower to adjust the air in the space to a predetermined temperature and humidity. and sends the conditioned air to the circulation piping. Four electric blowers are installed each, and the electric blowers installed in the two air conditioning units 181 and 182 circulate the air, so the air volume can be made smaller than the electric blower installed in the air conditioning unit 80. For example, 8 m ³ /min.
Note that the air conditioning units 181 and 182 do not need to have the same configuration of installed devices, etc., as long as they can adjust the humidity (and temperature) of the air. For example, only an electric blower may be installed in the air conditioning unit 182.

The A circulation component pipe 210 is composed of four circulation component pipes (A circulation component pipes 211, 212, 213, and 214), and one area (Fig. 11), and similarly to the fourth circulation constituting pipe 40 in the first embodiment, two pipes each sandwich the main branches of the grapes 3 in parallel to each other, and It extends in the depth direction. That is, the A circulation component pipes 211 and 212 form a pair to sandwich the main branch of the grape 3, and the A circulation component pipes 213 and 214 form a pair to sandwich the main branch of the grape 3.

One end of the A circulation component pipe 210 is connected to the outlet of the electric blower in the air conditioning section 181 and penetrates through the wall of the air conditioning section 181 . The other end of the A circulation component pipe 210 is connected to the air conditioning section 182 by fitting into a connection port bored in the wall of the air conditioning section 182. In this embodiment, since the depth of the greenhouse 6 is 50 m, the length of one A circulation component pipe 210 is approximately 50 m.

The B circulation tube 220 is composed of four circulation tubes (B circulation tubes 221, 222, 223, and 224), and is arranged symmetrically with the A circulation tube 210 in the greenhouse 6. That is, the B circulation component pipe 220 is arranged in the other region (the right half region in FIG. 11) that is approximately bisected by the boundary line in the depth direction of the greenhouse 6, and similarly to the A circulation component pipe 210, Two of them each sandwich the main branch of the grape 3 and extend in parallel in the depth direction of the greenhouse 6. The B circulation constituent pipes 221 and 222 form a pair to sandwich the main branch of the grape 3, and the B circulation constituent pipes 223 and 224 form a set to sandwich the main branch of the grape 3.

One end of the B circulation component pipe 220 is connected to the outlet of the electric blower in the air conditioning section 182 and penetrates the wall of the air conditioning section 182 . The other end of the B circulation component pipe 220 is connected to the air conditioning section 181 by fitting into a connection port drilled in the wall of the air conditioning section 181. The length of one B circulation component pipe 220 is approximately 50 m, which is the same as the length of one A circulation component pipe 210.

The sending capillary 50 and the receiving capillary 60 are connected to the A circulation component tube 210 and the B circulation component tube 220.
With such a multi-part configuration, in the air conditioning unit 181, the air from the B circulation configuration pipe 220 is adjusted by the air conditioning unit 181 and sent to the A circulation configuration pipe 210, and in the air conditioning unit 182, the air is sent to the A circulation configuration pipe 210. Since the air from 210 is adjusted by the air conditioning unit 182 and sent to the B circulation component pipe 220, the conditioned air is sent to the air conditioning unit 181, the A circulation component pipe 210, as shown by the arrow in FIG. It circulates through the air conditioning unit 182 and the B circulation component pipe 220. Since the circulating air is regulated at two locations, the air conditioning units 181 and 182, the effect of air conditioning can be improved without increasing air conditioning parameters such as the air volume of the electric blower in each air conditioning unit. Weakness can be suppressed. The circulation piping is comprised only of the A circulation component pipe 210 and the B circulation component pipe 220 that extend linearly, and there are no bends, so this configuration also contributes to suppressing the weakening of the air conditioning effect.

In addition, in the fruit cultivation system 7, the A circulation component pipe 210 and the B circulation component pipe 220 are each composed of four circulation component pipes; The number may be other than four as long as it is the same number as the circulation component pipes 220. Further, although the fruit cultivation system 7 has a multi-part structure including two air conditioning units 181 and 182, it may also have a multi-part structure including three or more air conditioning units. The configurations may be the same or different. As a result, it is possible to flexibly respond to the size of the target greenhouse, the scale of the air conditioning unit, etc. For example, an air conditioning unit 183 may be provided at a midpoint between the A circulation component pipe 210 and the B circulation component pipe 220, as in the fruit cultivation system 7A shown in FIG. 12, and only an electric blower may be installed in the air conditioning unit 183. You can also do it. Thereby, weakening of the air flow can be further suppressed.
Furthermore, the fruit cultivation system may have a configuration in which a single-part structure and a multi-part structure are mixed. That is, the fruit cultivation system may have a configuration in which the circulation piping is arranged so that a circulation path including only one air conditioning section and a circulation path including two or more air conditioning sections are formed in a mixed manner.

The circulation piping in the fourth embodiment is composed of a linear A circulation configuration pipe 210 and a B circulation configuration pipe 220, but like the circulation piping in the first embodiment and the third embodiment, Circulation tubes with different inner diameters, a configuration with branch points, etc. may be adopted.

A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment, the air conditioning unit 80 only sends out air with controlled humidity and temperature; however, a drug used for cultivating fruits is added to the air conditioned by the air conditioning unit. It may further include additional means. For example, it is possible to make a chemical substance used for promoting the growth of grapes 3, preventing diseases, etc. into a mist and add it to the air to be sent out. For example, fumigants or vapors such as hypochlorous acid water are added to the air being sent out. Pests can be controlled by adding a smoke agent, and sterilization and sterilization can be performed by adding hypochlorous acid water.

When the grape fruit 3A is covered with a bag such as the covering part 70, it is normally difficult to spray such a chemical substance in the form of smoke onto the grape fruit 3A. By adding these, spraying becomes possible.

An example of a fruit cultivation system (fifth embodiment) corresponding to the above is shown in FIG. In the fruit cultivation system 8 of the fifth embodiment, compared to the fruit cultivation system 2 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Means 281 is provided.

The chemical addition means 281 is composed of a smoke agent and a hypochlorous acid water sprayer. These may be used simultaneously or separately, and the atomized smoke agent and/or hypochlorous acid water may be added to the air sent to the first circulation component pipe 11 by the air conditioning unit 280.
The chemical addition means 281 may generate a gas containing beneficial bacteria such as noble rot bacteria (Botrytis cinerea) in addition to the atomized smoke agent and hypochlorous acid water. Furthermore, although the medicine adding means 281 is provided within the air conditioning unit 280, it may be independent from the air conditioning unit 280 and may be directly connected to the first circulation constituting pipe 11. When a plurality of air conditioning units are provided as in the fruit cultivation system 7 of the fourth embodiment, all the air conditioning units may be provided with a drug adding means, or any number of air conditioning units may be provided. The device may be equipped with a drug adding means. Even when the medicine adding means is installed independently from the air conditioning section, two or more medicine adding means may be installed.

In the embodiments described above (first to fifth embodiments), the entire greenhouse may be covered with a windproof net. The sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are made of silicone rubber, and the ends inserted into the sheathing section are not fixed, so if the sheathing section is exposed to strong winds, there is a possibility that it will come off from the circulation tube. This possibility can be reduced by covering the entire greenhouse with a windproof net. By using a windbreak net, damage to grapes and new shoots can be suppressed.

The present invention can also be realized as a fruit cultivation kit including a predetermined length of circulation piping, a delivery capillary, a receiving capillary, a covering part, etc. used for manufacturing the above-described fruit cultivation system. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, a plurality of members in which removable sending capillary tubes 150 and receiving capillary tubes 160 are connected at regular intervals to a circulation constituting pipe 310 constituting a circulation piping of a predetermined length, and corresponding members are provided. It can be realized as a fruit cultivation kit including several covering parts.

The members shown in FIG. 14 are the circulation tubes to which the delivery tube 150 and the reception tube 160 are connected (the fourth circulation tube 40 in the first and second embodiments, the circulation tube 140 in the third embodiment, and the circulation tube 140 in the fourth embodiment). A plurality of sets (11 sets in FIG. 14) of sending capillary tubes 150 and receiving capillary tubes 160 are connected to a circulation constituting tube 310 that constitutes a part of the A circulation constituting tube 210 and B circulation constituting tube 220 in the configuration. By connecting a necessary number of circulation component pipes 310, a circulation piping of the fruit cultivation system can be configured. Note that instead of the delivery capillary tube 150 and the reception capillary tube 160, the delivery capillary tube 50 and the reception capillary tube 60 may be connected to the circulation component tube 310. Further, the length of the circulation tube 310 and the number of the sending tubes and receiving tubes to be connected can be set arbitrarily, and two rows of sending tubes and receiving tubes may be connected to the circulation tube 310. The fruit cultivation kit may also include circulation component pipes to which the delivery capillary and the receiving capillary are not connected.

The present invention can be realized not only as the fruit cultivation system described above, but also as a method for producing fruits (preferably grape fruits) grown using the same system or the fruit cultivation kit described above. According to the fruit production method of the present invention, the surrounding environment of the fruit can be efficiently adjusted to be suitable for fruit cultivation, and the fruit can be cultivated while suppressing damage such as fruit splitting. can be produced.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Note that matters not explicitly disclosed in the above form, such as the dimensions and weight of the components, do not deviate from the scope of what a person skilled in the art would normally do, and would be easily assumed by a person skilled in the art. Any possible value can be adopted.

1, 4, 6 Plastic greenhouse 2, 5, 7, 7A, 8 Fruit cultivation system 3 Grape 3A Grape fruit 10, 11, 12 First circulation component pipe 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 Second circulation component pipe 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 Third circulation tubes 40, 41, 42 Fourth circulation tubes 40a, 40b Openings 50, 150 Sending tubes 51, 61 Small holes 60, 160 Receiving tubes 70, 170 Covering portions 80, 181 , 182, 183, 280 Air adjustment section 90 Valve 110 Circulation main pipe 120, 121, 122 Circulation branch pipe 130, 131, 132 Circulation small branch pipe 140, 141, 142 Circulation thin pipe 210, 211, 212, 213, 214 A circulation component pipe 220, 221, 222, 223, 224 B circulation component tube 281 drug addition means 310 circulation component tube

Claims (16)

an air conditioning unit that adjusts at least the humidity of the air;
a circulation pipe connected to the air conditioning unit and through which conditioned air, which is air conditioned by the air conditioning unit, circulates;
A plurality of covering parts that cover the fruit while forming gaps between the covering parts and the fruit;
a delivery thin tube connected to the circulation piping and the covering section and guiding the conditioned air to the covering section;
a receiving capillary connected to the sheathing section and the circulation piping and guiding air in the sheathing section to the circulation piping;
The opening surface of the end of the sending capillary that connects to the circulation piping and the opening surface of the end of the receiving capillary that connects to the circulation piping are bored into the circulation piping in order to connect the sending capillary and the receiving capillary. The sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are arranged in the above-mentioned manner so that the sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are placed at any position within a range from the outer periphery of the provided opening to the inner surface of a predetermined length that connects the opening portion in the longitudinal direction of the circulation pipe. A fruit cultivation system characterized by being connected to circulation piping. a plurality of air conditioning units that adjust at least the humidity of the air;
a circulation pipe connected to the air conditioning unit and through which conditioned air, which is air conditioned by the air conditioning unit, circulates;
A plurality of covering parts that cover the fruit while forming gaps between the covering parts and the fruit;
a delivery thin tube connected to the circulation piping and the covering section and guiding the conditioned air to the covering section;
a receiving capillary connected to the sheathing section and the circulation piping and guiding air in the sheathing section to the circulation piping;
The circulation piping is arranged so that the circulating conditioned air passes through at least two of the air conditioning units,
The opening surface of the end of the sending capillary that connects to the circulation piping and the opening surface of the end of the receiving capillary that connects to the circulation piping are bored into the circulation piping in order to connect the sending capillary and the receiving capillary. The sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are arranged in the above-mentioned manner so that the sending capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube are placed at any position within a range from the outer periphery of the provided opening to the inner surface of a predetermined length that connects the opening portion in the longitudinal direction of the circulation pipe. A fruit cultivation system characterized by being connected to circulation piping. A part of the outer periphery of the opening surface of the sending capillary tube and a part of the outer periphery of the opening surface of the receiving capillary are in close contact with the outer periphery of the opening formed in the circulation pipe, respectively. The fruit cultivation system described in. The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sending thin tube and the receiving thin tube are fixed to the inner surface of the circulation pipe. The delivery capillary is connected to the circulation pipe such that the opening surface of the delivery capillary faces in a direction opposite to the direction in which the conditioned air flows in the circulation pipe,
Fruit cultivation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving capillary is connected to the circulation pipe so that the opening surface of the receiving capillary faces the same direction as the direction in which the conditioned air flows through the circulation pipe. system. The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air conditioning section adjusts the humidity and temperature of the air. Claims in which the inner diameters of the connected delivery capillary tube and the receiving capillary tube increase as they are located downstream of the flow of the conditioned air in the circulation piping starting from a point where the circulation piping connects to the air conditioning unit. The fruit cultivation system according to item 1 or 2. The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening formed in the circulation pipe has an elliptical shape whose major axis is in the longitudinal direction of the circulation pipe. 3. The end of the sending capillary that connects to the sheathing part and the end of the receiving capillary that connects to the sheathing part have small holes and are inserted into the inside of the sheathing part. The fruit cultivation system described. The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sending thin tube and the receiving thin tube are detachable. The circulation piping is composed of a plurality of circulation pipes having different inner diameters,
The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner diameter of the circulation tubes decreases from the circulation tube connected to the air conditioning unit to the circulation tube connected to the delivery thin tube and the reception thin tube. The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a medicine adding means for adding a medicine used for cultivation of the fruit to the conditioned air. The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air conditioning unit regulates the air so as to suppress cracking of the fruit. A fruit cultivation kit for producing the fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising:
A fruit cultivation kit comprising at least a predetermined length of the circulation pipe, the delivery capillary, the reception capillary, and the covering portion. A method for producing fruit, the method comprising cultivating fruit using the fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2. The method for producing fruit according to claim 15, wherein the fruit is a grape fruit.