JP2023021422A - Farm field drain plug and farm field water storage management system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a farm field drain plug to quickly enable a large number of farm fields to function as reservoirs when there is a large amount of rainfall.

SOLUTION: A farm field drain plug 22 capable of adjusting a water level in a farm field comprises: drainage level-adjusting mechanisms 22E, 22H that adjust a drainage level in the farm field; and a drainage level control unit 223 that switches the drainage level in the farm field by activating the drainage level-adjusting mechanisms 22E, 22H when a water storage management server 50 outputs a water storage command to store rain water in the farm field or a drainage command to drain the water stored in the farm field.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

COPYRIGHT: (C)2023,JPO&INPIT

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to field drain plugs and field water storage management systems.

Patent Document 1 describes a paddy field water storage volume adjustment device that automatically stores a certain amount of water by activating the "rice paddy dam" function that stores water in the paddy field during heavy rains, thereby suppressing the outflow of rainwater to the river. is disclosed.

The water storage amount adjusting device for paddy fields has an open front side arranged on the paddy field side, a vertical wall provided with a drainage hole at the lower end is arranged on the back side of the rectangular bottom plate, and a pair of side walls are provided on both sides of the bottom plate. One end of the drain pipe is attached to the drain hole of the drain pit for paddy field installed near the bank of the paddy field, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the drain channel. .

An earth retaining plate inserting door is provided at a position opposite to the pair of side walls, and a water storage amount adjusting plate inserting door is provided at a substantially intermediate position between the earth retaining plate inserting door and the vertical wall. An earth retaining plate having almost the same height as the surface is vertically inserted, and a farming water level adjusting plate having a height equal to the farming water level when placed on the earth retaining plate is vertically inserted. The height of the upper end is set to be approximately the same as the reservoir water level, which is an arbitrary height according to the growing state of rice, and a reservoir volume adjustment plate with a drainage volume adjustment hole drilled in the lower part is configured to be inserted vertically. there is

In the case of normal rainfall, rainwater that enters the space between the water level adjustment board and the water storage volume adjustment board is drained from the drainage amount adjustment hole of the water storage volume adjustment board through the drainage pipe attached to the drainage hole. The water level in paddy fields is maintained by draining water into the road. In the event of heavy rain, the rainwater that enters the space beyond the water level adjustment board exceeds the discharge amount from the drainage adjustment hole, and the water level in the space gradually rises. Then, the rainwater overflows over the water level set at the upper end height of the water storage amount adjustment plate, and the rainwater is stored up to the maximum water level of the water storage amount adjustment height plus the overflow height. It is designed to prevent flooding of rice in paddy fields and damage to the ridges.

JP 2012-120510 A

However, every time it is necessary to store water in the fields to avoid flood damage due to heavy rain, it is necessary to operate the water storage volume adjustment plate of the water storage volume adjustment device for paddy fields provided in each field. Even when the water level of the paddy field returns to the normal level, it is necessary to operate the water storage volume adjustment plate of the water storage volume adjustment device for paddy fields provided in each field. A very complicated operation of operating the amount adjusting plate is required.

Also, even if the water storage volume adjustment plate is operated to allow rainwater to be stored only in some fields, sufficient effects cannot be obtained unless the water storage volume adjustment plate is operated in other fields, and the management of each field is different. In this case, there was also the issue of how to connect and operate the water storage amount adjustment plate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a field drainage method that enables a large number of fields to function quickly as reservoirs when there is a lot of rainfall, and then appropriately drains water from the fields so as not to cause flooding from drainage channels. It is to provide a plug and field water storage management system.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first characteristic configuration of the field drain plug according to the present invention is a field drain plug capable of adjusting the water level of the field, comprising: a drainage water level adjustment mechanism for adjusting the drainage water level of the field; When the server outputs a water storage command to store water from rainfall in the field or a drainage command to discharge the water stored in the field, the drainage water level adjustment mechanism is operated to switch the drainage water level of the field. The point is that it has a control unit.

When a water storage command or a drainage command is output from the management server, the drainage water level adjustment mechanism of each field is automatically controlled by the drainage water level control unit. It can be put to work and then properly drained from the field to prevent flooding of the drains.

The second characteristic configuration is, in addition to the above-described first characteristic configuration, the drainage water level control unit, when the water storage command is output, switches the drainage water level of the field to a storage water level higher than the normal drainage water level. at the point.

In the third characteristic configuration, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the drainage water level control unit operates the drainage water level adjustment mechanism based on the information on the amount of precipitation from the management server, is switched to a normal drain water level or a higher stored water level than the normal drain water level.

The fourth characteristic configuration is, in addition to the above-described first characteristic configuration, the drainage water level adjustment based on the water storage command output based on the water level information measured by the water level sensor that measures the water level of the field. The point is to operate the mechanism.

The fifth characteristic configuration is, in addition to the above-described fourth characteristic configuration, the stored water output in consideration of the state of a field hydrant installed in a field and weather information in addition to the water level information. The point is that the drainage water level adjustment mechanism is operated based on the command.

A first characteristic configuration of the agricultural field water storage management system according to the present invention is the agricultural field drainage plug, and when it is determined that rainfall exceeding a predetermined amount of precipitation is occurring based on the weather information, and the agricultural field water supply plug is opened. and the management server for outputting the water storage instruction when the water storage instruction is provided.

In the second characteristic configuration, in addition to the above-described first characteristic configuration, the management server determines that rain is not occurring based on the weather information, and the agricultural water hydrant is opened. The point is that the water storage command is not output when the water storage command is present.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, when there is a lot of rainfall, a large number of farm fields can be quickly made to function as reservoirs, and then water can be properly drained from the farm fields so as not to cause flooding from drainage channels. And it became possible to provide a field water storage management system.

Explanatory diagram of field and field water storage management system (a), (b), (c) are explanatory diagrams of field drain plugs Explanatory drawing of field water storage management system Flowchart showing the water storage and drainage procedure of the field water storage management system Flowchart showing the procedure for water storage in the field water storage method Flowchart showing the procedure at the time of drainage of the field water storage method

A field drain plug, a field water storage management system, a water storage management server, and a field water storage method according to the present invention will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 1, in each field 1 where rice is being cultivated, there are field water taps 12 that lead irrigation water flowing through water supply pipes 10 to the fields 1 through water conduits 11, A farm field drain plug 22 is provided for discharging water to a drainage channel 20 via a field 21, and a repeater such as a Wi-Fi router 30 for relaying connection to the Internet 40 is installed in the vicinity of the farm field 1. FIG. Furthermore, a water level sensor 2 for measuring the water level of the field 1 is provided, and a water level sensor 3 for measuring the water level of the drainage channel 20 is provided in the drainage channel 20 near the field drainage plug 22 .

The water level data of the field 1 detected by the water level sensor 2 is input to the communication unit provided in the field hydrant 12, and from the communication part via the Wi-Fi router 30, the communication part of the field drain valve 22 and the field management server 50 configured to be sent to Further, the water level data of the drainage channel 20 detected by the water level sensor 3 is input to the communication unit provided in the field drain plug 22, and is transmitted from the communication unit to the farm field management server 50 via the Wi-Fi router 30. is configured to The output of the water level sensor 2 and the output of the water level sensor 3 may be directly input to the field water tap 12 and the field drain tap 22, respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 2(a), (b), and (c), the field drain plug 22 includes a casing 22C, a solar panel 22A attached to the upper portion of the casing 22C so that the attitude can be adjusted, and an inner wall of the casing 22C. It comprises a battery 22D housed in a housing, an electric motor 22E, a tubular drainage weir 22H, an elevating body 22G for elevating the drainage weir 22H, a gear 22F for driving the elevating body 22G up and down, and a control board 22I. The control board 22I incorporates a communication interface for the Wi-Fi router 30 and a control unit for the electric motor 22E.

Electric power generated by the solar panel 22A is stored in the battery 22D, and electric power is supplied from the battery 22D to the control board 22I and the electric motor 22E. As shown in FIG. 2(c), when the drainage weir 22H is driven upward by the electric motor 22E, the water storage mode is entered and the drainage water level from the field 1 rises, and as shown in FIG. 2(b), the drainage weir 22H. is driven downward, the drainage mode is entered and the drainage water level from the field 1 is lowered.

The farm field water tap 12 is configured substantially in the same manner as the farm field water tap 22 except that it has a water supply valve instead of the drain weir 22H.

The field management server 50 is configured to remotely operate the field water tap 12 and the field water tap 22 to manage water supply and drainage for each field 1 according to the rice growing schedule.

For example, the water level in the field is managed at an appropriate level so as to appropriately grow rice at each stage such as the rice planting period, the young panicle formation period, the booting period, the heading stage, the ripening period, and the harvesting period. Therefore, after adjusting the height of the drain weir 22H of the field drain plug 22 by remote control according to each season, the water supply valve of the field drain plug 12 is opened by remote control, and the water level detected by the water level sensor 2 is lowered. Water is supplied from the water supply pipe 10 until a predetermined water level is reached, and after a predetermined period of time has passed, the height of the drainage weir 22H is adjusted by remote control as necessary, and the water is drained to the predetermined water level.

Further, the farm field management server 50 functions as a water storage management server that avoids flood damage by temporarily storing water in the farm field 1 when it rains a lot, in addition to managing water supply and drainage for growing rice plants. is configured to Therefore, the farm field management server 50 communicates with each farm field drain plug 22 and each water level sensor 2, 3 to issue a water storage command to store rainwater in each farm field 1, or to discharge the water stored in each farm field 1. It has a water storage management unit 51 that transmits a drainage command.

That is, a field management server 50 (water storage management unit 51), and a water level sensor 2 that measures the water level of the field 1 or the drainage channel 20 and transmits the measured water level to the field management server (water storage management server) 50, which is an external device. 3 and a field drain plug 22 provided in each field 1 constitute a field water storage management system 100 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the field drain plug 22 operates an electric motor 22E and a drain weir 22H functioning as a drain water level adjusting mechanism for adjusting the drain water level of the farm field 1, and operates the drain water level adjusting mechanism to a drainage water level control unit 223 for switching the drainage water level between the normal drainage water level LL (see FIG. 2(b)) and the stored water level HL (see FIG. 2(c)) higher than the normal drainage water level; A communication unit 221 that communicates with the water storage management server 50 and the water level sensor 3, a water storage determination unit 222, and a water level information acquisition unit that acquires water level information of the drainage channel 20 from a water level measurement signal or a data communication signal. 224. The normal drainage water level LL is not a fixed water level, but a water level that is appropriately set according to each period such as the above-mentioned rice planting period, young panicle formation period, booting period, heading period, ripening period, and harvest period. .

Each field drain plug 22 is uniquely specified by the unique identification information set for each of the plurality of field drain plugs 22, and stored in the water storage management server 50 as map information in which each identification information and the position of the field on the map are associated. stored in the department.

Each water level sensor 2, 3 includes a water level measuring unit for measuring the water level of the field 1 or the drainage channel 20, and a transmitting unit for transmitting the water level measured by the water level measuring unit to an external device. information is set. The storage unit of the water storage management server 50 stores map information in which unique identification information attached to the water level sensors 2 and 3 is associated with the position of the field 1 or the position of the drainage channel 20 on the map.

In addition, in this embodiment, the measured water level is indirectly transmitted to the water storage management server 50 via the field hydrant 12 via the transmission unit provided in the water level sensor 2 of the field 1, and the drainage channel 20 The measured water level is indirectly transmitted to the water storage management server 50 via the nearby field drain valve 22 via the transmission unit provided in the water level sensor 3 of the water level sensor 3. It may be configured such that the measured water level is directly transmitted to the water storage management server 50 via the transmission unit. Further, each of the water level sensors 2 and 3 may be configured such that the water level measurement unit is connected to a device having a transmission unit such as the field hydrant 12 or the field drainage valve 22, and the transmission unit transmits water level information. good.

The water storage management unit 51 provided in the water storage management server 50 can grasp the precipitation distribution in a wide area from the water level information measured by the water level sensors 2 and 3, and also grasp the state of the drainage water level of each field drainage plug 22. become able to. Based on at least these pieces of information, the water storage management unit 51 appropriately selects the field drain plug 22 to be switched to the storage water level and the field drain plug 22 to be switched to the normal drainage water level, and remotely controls them. The occurrence of flood damage can be prevented.

Specifically, the water storage management unit 51 determines whether or not to store water for each predetermined area specified based on at least the rate of increase in the field water level and the identification information transmitted from each water level sensor 2, and makes a determination to store water. If done, the water storage determination unit 222 of the field drainage plug 22 that has received the water storage command is configured to transmit a water storage command to the corresponding agricultural field drainage plug 22, and adjusts the drainage weir 22H to the water storage water level. It is configured.

Based on the rising speed of the field water level and the area transmitted from each water level sensor 2, the area where there is a risk of flood damage is specified, and the agricultural field that requires water storage corresponding to the area is quickly specified. become.

In addition, when the water storage management unit 51 determines that water storage is necessary in any area, it determines that water storage is also necessary in a predetermined area with a lower altitude than that area, and the field drain plug 22 in the target area It is configured to output a water storage command also to When an area where the rate of increase in the water level in the field is high is grasped and water is stored in the area and the field in the area with a lower altitude than the area, the occurrence of flood damage can be avoided more reliably.

In addition to the rate of increase in the field water level transmitted from the water level sensor 2, the water storage management unit 51 takes into account the state of the field hydrant 12 and weather information from a weather information providing server managed by the Japan Meteorological Agency, local governments, etc. is preferably configured to output a water storage command at the Whether the water level rises due to the opening of the field hydrant 12 or whether the water level rises due to rainfall can be accurately determined.

For example, if it can be determined that rain is not occurring based on the weather information and the field hydrant 12 is open, even if the water level rise speed in the field is a value that requires a water storage command to be output, The water level adjustment of the farm field 1 is continued according to the original function of the farm field management server 50 without issuing a water storage command.

Further, for example, if rain is occurring based on the weather information and it can be determined that the amount of precipitation is greater than the predetermined amount of precipitation, if the field hydrant 12 is open, the field 1 according to the original function The water level adjustment is interrupted to block the field water tap 12, and a water storage command is output to the field water tap 22. - 特許庁

After determining that water storage is necessary and outputting a water storage command, the water storage management unit 51 drains water for each predetermined area specified from at least the water level of the drainage channel 20 and the identification information transmitted from each water level sensor 3. is configured to output a drainage command to the field drain plug 22 that is determined to be possible, and the water storage determination unit 222 of the field drain plug 22 that has received the drainage command determines whether the drain weir 22H is open. It is configured to adjust to the drain water level.

If the water is drained all at once from the farm field 1 after the rain stops, there is a risk of flood damage due to the overflow of the drainage channel 20 . Therefore, the position of the drainage channel 20 is grasped from the identification information of the water level sensor 3, and based on the water level of the drainage channel 20, it is determined whether or not to allow drainage from the field drainage plug so as not to cause overflow for each region. be judged.

When the water storage management unit 51 determines that it is possible to drain water in any of the areas, it determines that water should be drained in a low altitude area prior to a high altitude area. If all the field drain plugs 22 in the drainable area are drained all at once, the water overflowing from the drain channel 20 may cause a secondary disaster. Therefore, by draining water in low altitude areas with priority over high altitude areas, it becomes possible to safely drain the water stored in each field into the drainage channel.

As shown in FIG. 4, the farm field water storage method according to the present invention includes a precipitation amount estimation step (S1) of detecting the water level of the farm field or drainage channel for each region and estimating the amount of precipitation, and storing water based on the estimated amount of precipitation. and a water storage determination step (S2) for determining whether or not water storage is necessary, and if it is determined that water storage is necessary in the water storage determination step, the drainage water level of the field drain plug provided in the field in the corresponding area and in the area with a lower altitude than that area. a water storage step (S3) in which water is stored by increasing the water storage step, a drainage determination step (S4) in which it is determined whether or not it is possible to drain water from the stored field based on the water level of the drainage channel after the water storage step (S4), and the water drainage determination step and a drainage step (S5) of draining water from low-elevation areas with priority over high-elevation areas among the corresponding areas, if it is determined that the water can be drained in step (S5).

In the above-described embodiment, the water storage management server 50 describes a mode in which the field drain plugs 22 provided in a plurality of fields 1 are comprehensively remotely controlled. It may be configured to determine whether or not to store water in the container, store the water, and then drain the water after storing the water.

The field drain plug 22 includes drain water level adjustment mechanisms 22E and 22H for adjusting the drain water level of the farm field 1, and a water storage determination unit 222 for determining whether it is necessary to store rainwater in the farm field 1 or whether it is possible to drain from the farm field 1. , when a water storage command is output from the water storage determination unit 222, the drainage water level adjustment mechanisms 22E and 22H are operated to switch the drainage water level of the farm field 1 to a water storage level higher than the normal drainage water level, and the water storage determination unit 222 issues a drainage command. is output, the drainage water level control unit 223 operates the drainage water level adjustment mechanisms 22E and 22H to switch the drainage water level of the field 1 to the normal drainage water level.

In addition, the water storage determining unit 222 is configured to determine whether or not water storage is necessary using, as an index, the rate of increase in the water level detected by the water level sensor 2 installed in the field 1 . It is preferable to output the water storage command only when the rate of increase of the water level is greater than a predetermined value, rather than outputting the water storage command when the water level continues for a predetermined time.
The water storage determination unit 222 is configured to determine whether or not drainage is possible using the water level detected by the water level sensor 3 installed in the drainage channel 20 as an index. If the drainage from the field 1 flows in when the water level of the drainage channel 22 is high, it may overflow from the drainage channel 20 and lead to flood damage. By judging whether or not, the occurrence of a secondary disaster due to the overflow from the drainage channel 20 can be avoided.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the field hydrant 12 is blocked (SA1), if it rains (SA2), the water storage determination unit 222 monitors the water level based on the output from the water level sensor ( SA3) When the speed of water level rise exceeds a predetermined value as an index and it is determined that water storage is necessary (SA4), the drain water level is switched to the storage water level (SA5). If rain is not determined in step SA2, and if the water level rising speed is below a predetermined value in step SA4, the drain water level is set to normal water (SA6).

As shown in FIG. 6, when the drainage water level is set to the reservoir water level and in the reservoir state (SB1), the rain stops (SB2), and when a predetermined condition is satisfied (SB3), the drainage water level is switched to the normal water level. waste water is treated (SB4).

Whether rain has started or stopped can be determined by obtaining weather information from a weather information providing server managed by the Japan Meteorological Agency or a local government via the Wi-Fi router 30, or by using a separately provided rainfall sensor. can be determined based on the output of The water level of the field is detected by the water level sensor 2 and obtained via the field hydrant 12 and the Wi-Fi router 30 . In the above embodiment, the step of obtaining rainfall information is taken, but the configuration may be such that control is performed without rainfall information. In this manner, each field 1 can be configured to individually control water storage and drainage.

The embodiment described above is merely an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention. Needless to say, the configuration can be changed and designed as appropriate within the scope of the effects of the present invention.

100: Field water storage management system 1: Field 2: Water level sensor (field)
3: Water level sensor (drainage channel)
10: Water supply pipe 12: Field water tap 20: Drainage channel 22: Field water tap 30: Wi-Fi router 40: Internet 50: Field management server (water storage management server)
51: Water storage management department

Claims (7)

A field drain plug capable of adjusting the water level of a field,
a drainage water level adjustment mechanism for adjusting the drainage water level in the field;
When the management server outputs a water storage command to store water from rainfall in the field or a drainage command to discharge the water stored in the field, the drainage water level adjustment mechanism is operated to switch the drainage water level of the field. Field drain tap with water level control. The drain water level control unit is
2. The field drainage plug according to claim 1, wherein when said water storage command is output, the drainage water level of the field is switched to a storage water level higher than a normal drainage water level. The drain water level control unit is
The farm field according to claim 1, wherein the drainage water level adjustment mechanism is operated based on the rainfall amount information from the management server to switch the drainage water level of the field to a normal drainage water level or a reservoir water level higher than the normal drainage water level. drain plug. 2. The agricultural field drainage plug according to claim 1, wherein said drainage water level adjusting mechanism is operated based on said water storage command outputted based on water level information measured by a water level sensor for measuring the water level of the agricultural field. 5. The field according to claim 4, wherein the drainage water level adjustment mechanism is operated based on the water storage command output in consideration of the state of a field hydrant installed in the field and weather information in addition to the water level information. drain plug. A field drain plug according to claim 5;
the management server that outputs the water storage command when it is determined that rainfall exceeding a predetermined amount is occurring based on the weather information and the field hydrant is open;
A field water storage management system with The management server is
When it is determined that rainfall has not occurred based on the weather information, and when the field hydrant is open, the water storage command is not output;
The field storage management system according to claim 6.

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