CN114397920B - Intelligent management and control method, device and system for rainwater irrigation and drainage ecology of saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Intelligent management and control method, device and system for rainwater irrigation and drainage ecology of saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 salt ion Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102220008684 rs2017800 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021393 food security Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005080 plant death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D9/00—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel
- G05D9/12—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel characterised by the use of electric means
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法、装置及系统，方法包括：接入天气预报后，先判断降雨强度和距离上次开闸放水的时间间隔，决定继续开闸还是关闸，进而根据降水量和水力停留时间，再次判断何时开闸放水；通过接入天气预报信息，进行相关判断来自动控制闸门的开关，以达到及时开闸放水的目标，且最大化利用雨水排盐能力的目标。根据农田小块面积进行分类，面积相差在±15%可以分为一组，若面积相近，则平均分组，能够在有效时间去除盐碱地的盐分，且保证了植物根部不受伤害，又不会因为浸泡时间不够充分呆滞了盐度去除不够，实现了智能控制田埂闸阀门的开关。
The invention discloses an ecological intelligent management and control method, device and system for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land. The method includes: after accessing the weather forecast, first judging the rainfall intensity and the time interval from the last opening of the gate to release water, and deciding to continue to open or close the gate. , and then judge again when to open the gate and release water based on the precipitation amount and hydraulic retention time; by accessing weather forecast information and making relevant judgments to automatically control the opening and closing of the gate to achieve the goal of opening the gate and releasing water in a timely manner and maximizing the use of rainwater drainage Salt ability target. Classification is based on the area of small farmland. If the area difference is ±15%, it can be divided into one group. If the area is similar, the groups will be evenly divided. This can remove the salt in the saline-alkali land in an effective time and ensure that the plant roots are not harmed and will not be damaged due to Insufficient soaking time results in insufficient salinity removal, thus enabling intelligent control of the opening and closing of the field gate valve.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于生态农业管控技术领域，涉及一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法、装置及系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological agriculture management and control, and relates to an ecological intelligent management and control method, device and system for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land.
背景技术Background technique
通过灌排措施调控水盐是盐渍土改良的重要方式，对于开发利用后备田地资源、提高粮食产量、保障粮食安全意义重大。我国黄河中下游引黄灌区在20 世纪50～60年代得到迅速发展，但由于土壤次生盐渍化问题曾一度被迫停灌。由此可见，灌区水盐调控的成败直接关系到土壤次生盐渍化和对排水承泄区的污染问题，已引起学者们长期以来的高度关注和重视。利用灌排方法处理盐碱地是一种比较常用的方法，但是一般都是人工引水到田地，浸泡完成后将水排走，费时费力费钱。Controlling water and salt through irrigation and drainage measures is an important way to improve saline soil, which is of great significance for developing and utilizing reserve field resources, increasing grain production, and ensuring food security. The Yellow River diversion irrigation areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in my country developed rapidly in the 1950s and 1960s. However, due to the problem of secondary soil salinization, irrigation was once forced to stop. It can be seen that the success or failure of water and salt regulation in irrigation areas is directly related to the secondary salinization of soil and the pollution of drainage and leakage areas, which has attracted the attention and attention of scholars for a long time. Using irrigation and drainage to treat saline-alkali soil is a relatively common method, but water is generally diverted to the fields manually and then drained away after soaking, which is time-consuming, laborious and expensive.
发明内容Contents of the invention
目的：针对上述情况，为克服现有技术的不足，解决农田在各种对雨季雨水不能够合理利用，本发明提供了一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法、装置及系统，合理利用雨水最大化去除土壤中盐分，又不会导致植物死亡还节约人力物力。Purpose: In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and solve the problem that farmland cannot rationally utilize rainwater in various rainy seasons, the present invention provides an ecological intelligent management and control method, device and system for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land to maximize the rational utilization of rainwater. Chemically removes salt from the soil without causing plant death and saving manpower and material resources.
技术方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
第一方面，提供一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，包括：The first aspect is to provide an ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, including:
获取实时天气预报信息，根据实时天气预报信息，得到实时降水量q；Obtain real-time weather forecast information, and obtain real-time precipitation q based on the real-time weather forecast information;
响应于0＜q＜q设，继续开闸,并记录本次开闸放水时刻Eja，令本次开闸放水时刻Eja＝当前时刻T，j＝j+1；In response to the assumption of 0＜q＜q, continue to open the gate, and record the water release time E ja of this gate opening, so that the water release time E ja = the current time T, j = j + 1;
响应于q≥q设，记录当前时刻T为本次降水开始的时刻Sja(令Sja＝当前时刻T)，并判断系统是否为第一次运行，其中，j为系统循环次数，a为分组中农田对应的闸门编号；In response to q≥q, record the current time T as the time S ja when this precipitation starts (let S ja = the current time T), and determine whether the system is running for the first time, where j is the number of system cycles and a is The gate number corresponding to the farmland in the group;
响应于第一次运行j＝1，发出指令控制关闸蓄水；In response to the first operation j=1, an instruction is issued to control the closing of the gate and water storage;
响应于不是第一次运行j≥2，根据本次降水开始的时刻Sja和上次田地开闸放水时刻E(j-1)a，计算得到距离上次开闸放水的时间间隔Sja-E(j-1)a，并判断距离上次开闸放水时间间隔Sja-E(j-1)a是否达到田地排水晾干时间t2；In response to the fact that j ≥ 2 is not the first time, based on the time S ja when this precipitation started and the last time E (j-1)a when the field gate was opened to release water, the time interval S ja - from the last time the gate was released was calculated. E (j-1)a , and determine whether the time interval Sja -E (j-1)a since the last water release has reached the field drainage and drying time t 2 ;
响应于j≥2，且Sja-E(j-1)a≥t2，发出指令控制关闸蓄水；In response to j ≥ 2, and S ja -E (j-1)a ≥ t 2 , an instruction is issued to control the closing of the gate and water storage;
响应于j≥2，且Sja-E(j-1)a＜t2，发出指令控制开闸放水，并记录本次开闸放水时刻Eja，令本次开闸放水时刻Eja＝当前时刻T，j＝j+1。In response to j≥2, and S ja -E (j-1)a <t 2 , issue an instruction to control the gate opening and water release, and record the gate opening and water releasing time E ja , so that the gate opening and water releasing time E ja = current At time T, j=j+1.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，关闸蓄水过程中，响应于当前时刻T＞t1+Sja且T≥Sja+Za，发出指令控制开闸放水，并记录本次开闸放水时刻Eja，令本次开闸放水时刻Eja＝当前时刻T，j＝j+1；In some embodiments, according to the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, during the process of closing the gate and storing water, an instruction is issued to control the opening of the gate in response to the current time T>t 1 +S ja and T≥S ja +Z a Release the water, and record the time E ja when the gate opens and releases water, so that the time E ja when the gate opens and releases water = the current time T, j = j + 1;
其中，t1为上覆水盐离子浓度达到平衡的时间；Za为每组编号为a的闸门对应的田需要水力停留时间。Among them, t 1 is the time for the overlying water salt ion concentration to reach equilibrium; Z a is the hydraulic retention time required for the field corresponding to each group of gates numbered a.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，Za＝t1+△t(a-1)， In some embodiments, the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, Za = t 1 + Δt (a-1),
其中，△t为同一组相邻两块田开闸放水的最优间隔时间；田地的水最长停留时间t0；n为按照面积分组数量。Among them, △t is the optimal interval between opening gates and releasing water in two adjacent fields in the same group; the longest water retention time in the fields is t 0 ; n is the number of groups according to area.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，根据农田本身土质和种植的作物的类型，确定田地的水最长停留时间t0、上覆水盐离子浓度达到平衡的时间t1、田地排水晾干时间t2；通过匹配对t1和t0的时间间隔和农田闸门数量，确定同一组相邻两块田开闸放水的最优间隔时间△t。In some embodiments, the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land determines the maximum residence time t 0 of water in the field and the time t for the salt ion concentration of the overlying water to reach equilibrium based on the soil quality of the farmland itself and the type of crops planted. 1. Field drainage and drying time t 2 ; by matching the time intervals between t 1 and t 0 and the number of farmland gates, the optimal interval time Δt for opening gates and releasing water in two adjacent fields in the same group is determined.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，将农田分为n 组，每组分为若干块，同一组内每块农田的面积相同或相近，对每一组农田对应的闸门依次进行编号a，每组编号相同。In some embodiments, the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land divides farmland into n groups, and each group is divided into several blocks. The area of each farmland in the same group is the same or similar, and each group of farmland corresponds to The gates are numbered a in sequence, and each group has the same number.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，所述q设为根据中雨及以上降水标准确定的雨量。进一步地，所述q设为10mm。In some embodiments, in the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, the q is set to the rainfall determined according to the precipitation standard of moderate rain and above. Further, the q is set to 10mm.
第二方面，提供一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控装置，包括存储器；以及In the second aspect, an ecological intelligent management and control device for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land is provided, including a memory; and
耦接至所述存储器的处理器，所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器的指令执行所述的方法。A processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform the method based on instructions stored in the memory.
第三方面，提供一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控系统，包括所述的智能管控装置，还包括：In the third aspect, an ecological intelligent management and control system for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land is provided, including the intelligent management and control device, and also includes:
闸门，一一对应安装在每组的每块农田的进出水口处，与所述智能管控装置相连，被配置为：接收所述智能管控装置发出的指令，执行开闸或者关闸动作。The gates are installed at the water inlet and outlet of each farmland in each group in one-to-one correspondence, are connected to the intelligent management and control device, and are configured to receive instructions from the intelligent management and control device and perform gate opening or closing actions.
在一些实施例中，所述闸门的高度根据农田单位的最高水位H来确定。In some embodiments, the height of the gate is determined according to the highest water level H of the farmland unit.
有益效果：本发明提供的一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法、装置及系统，不需要人力物力就可以实现闸门的自动开关，相比较人工开关，远程控制开闭更加科学，能够更好的在盐碱地灌排处理时候最大量的排出盐分，保护植物的生长，利用天然降水，更加便利，实现生态管控的目标，符合生态农业的要求。该自动控制方法，利用天然降水，并对阀门的开关进进行自动控制，大大节约了人力物力。此外，灌排相关的阀门的自动开关都可以利用该方法进行处理。Beneficial effects: The invention provides an ecological intelligent management and control method, device and system for saline-alkali land rainwater irrigation and drainage, which can realize automatic opening and closing of gates without manpower and material resources. Compared with manual opening and closing, remote control opening and closing is more scientific and can better During the irrigation and drainage treatment of saline-alkali land, the maximum amount of salt is discharged, the growth of plants is protected, and natural precipitation is utilized, which is more convenient, achieves the goal of ecological management and control, and meets the requirements of ecological agriculture. This automatic control method uses natural precipitation to automatically control the opening and closing of the valve, which greatly saves manpower and material resources. In addition, the automatic switching of valves related to irrigation and drainage can be processed using this method.
随着科学技术的发展，人工智能自动化被应用到各个行业，而农业作为我国发展的支撑，就必须要智能化，这样取代传统的农工方式，才能促进农业的发展，因此利用这种智能控制灌排阀门的开关的方法，符合了科学学发展的智慧农业、智慧水利的要求，具有比较好的应用前景。With the development of science and technology, artificial intelligence automation has been applied to various industries. As the support for our country's development, agriculture must be intelligent. Only by replacing the traditional agricultural and industrial methods can we promote the development of agriculture. Therefore, using this kind of intelligent control of irrigation The method of opening and closing the exhaust valve meets the requirements of smart agriculture and smart water conservancy with scientific development, and has relatively good application prospects.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明一实施例的方法流程图；Figure 1 is a method flow chart according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明一实施例中农田闸的分布示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of farmland gates in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明一实施例中单块农田示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a single farmland in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application or uses. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。The relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these examples do not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise. At the same time, it should be understood that, for convenience of description, the dimensions of various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods and devices should be considered part of the authorized specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, so that once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need further discussion in subsequent figures.
一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，包括：An ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, including:
获取实时天气预报信息，根据实时天气预报信息，得到实时降水量q；Obtain real-time weather forecast information, and obtain real-time precipitation q based on the real-time weather forecast information;
响应于0＜q＜q设，继续开闸,并记录本次开闸放水时刻Eja，令本次开闸放水时刻Eja＝当前时刻T，j＝j+1；In response to the assumption of 0＜q＜q, continue to open the gate, and record the water release time E ja of this gate opening, so that the water release time E ja = the current time T, j = j + 1;
响应于q≥q设，记录当前时刻T为本次降水开始的时刻Sja(令Sja＝当前时刻T)，并判断系统是否为第一次运行，其中，j为系统循环次数，a为分组中农田对应的闸门编号；In response to q≥q, record the current time T as the time S ja when this precipitation starts (let S ja = the current time T), and determine whether the system is running for the first time, where j is the number of system cycles and a is The gate number corresponding to the farmland in the group;
响应于第一次运行j＝1，发出指令控制关闸蓄水；In response to the first operation j=1, an instruction is issued to control the closing of the gate and water storage;
响应于不是第一次运行j≥2，根据本次降水开始的时刻Sja和上次田地开闸放水时刻E(j-1)a，计算得到距离上次开闸放水的时间间隔Sja-E(j-1)a，并判断距离上次开闸放水时间间隔Sja-E(j-1)a是否达到田地排水晾干时间t2；In response to the fact that j ≥ 2 is not the first time, based on the time S ja when this precipitation started and the last time E (j-1)a when the field gate was opened to release water, the time interval S ja - from the last time the gate was released was calculated. E (j-1)a , and determine whether the time interval Sja -E (j-1)a since the last water release has reached the field drainage and drying time t 2 ;
响应于j≥2，且Sja-E(j-1)a≥t2，发出指令控制关闸蓄水；In response to j ≥ 2, and S ja -E (j-1)a ≥ t 2 , an instruction is issued to control the closing of the gate and water storage;
响应于j≥2，且Sja-E(j-1)a＜t2，发出指令控制开闸放水，并记录本次开闸放水时刻Eja，令本次开闸放水时刻Eja＝当前时刻T，j＝j+1。In response to j≥2, and S ja -E (j-1)a <t 2 , issue an instruction to control the gate opening and water release, and record the gate opening and water releasing time E ja , so that the gate opening and water releasing time E ja = current At time T, j=j+1.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，关闸蓄水过程中，响应于当前时刻T＞t1+Sja且T≥Sja+Za，发出指令控制开闸放水，并记录本次开闸放水时刻Eja，令本次开闸放水时刻Eja＝当前时刻T，j＝j+1；In some embodiments, according to the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, during the process of closing the gate and storing water, an instruction is issued to control the opening of the gate in response to the current time T>t 1 +S ja and T≥S ja +Z a Release the water, and record the time E ja when the gate opens and releases water, so that the time E ja when the gate opens and releases water = the current time T, j = j + 1;
其中，t1为上覆水盐离子浓度达到平衡的时间；Za为每组编号为a的闸门对应的田需要水力停留时间。Among them, t 1 is the time for the overlying water salt ion concentration to reach equilibrium; Z a is the hydraulic retention time required for the field corresponding to each group of gates numbered a.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，Za＝t1+△t(a-1)， In some embodiments, the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, Za = t 1 + Δt (a-1),
其中，△t为同一组相邻两块田开闸放水的最优间隔时间；田地的水最长停留时间t0；n为按照面积分组数量。Among them, △t is the optimal interval between opening gates and releasing water in two adjacent fields in the same group; the longest water retention time in the fields is t 0 ; n is the number of groups according to area.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，根据农田本身土质和种植的作物的类型，确定田地的水最长停留时间t0、上覆水盐离子浓度达到平衡的时间t1、田地排水晾干时间t2；通过匹配对t1和t0的时间间隔和农田闸门数量，确定同一组相邻两块田开闸放水的最优间隔时间△t。In some embodiments, the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land determines the maximum residence time t 0 of water in the field and the time t for the salt ion concentration of the overlying water to reach equilibrium based on the soil quality of the farmland itself and the type of crops planted. 1. Field drainage and drying time t 2 ; by matching the time intervals between t 1 and t 0 and the number of farmland gates, the optimal interval time Δt for opening gates and releasing water in two adjacent fields in the same group is determined.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，将农田分为n 组，每组分为若干块，同一组内每块农田的面积相同或相近，对每一组农田对应的闸门依次进行编号a，每组编号相同。In some embodiments, the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land divides farmland into n groups, and each group is divided into several blocks. The area of each farmland in the same group is the same or similar, and each group of farmland corresponds to The gates are numbered a in sequence, and each group has the same number.
在一些实施例中，所述的盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控方法，所述q设为根据中雨及以上降水标准确定的雨量。进一步地，所述q设为10mm。In some embodiments, in the ecological intelligent management and control method for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, the q is set to the rainfall determined according to the precipitation standard of moderate rain and above. Further, the q is set to 10mm.
一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控装置，包括存储器；以及An ecological intelligent management and control device for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, including a memory; and
耦接至所述存储器的处理器，所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器的指令执行所述的方法。A processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform the method based on instructions stored in the memory.
一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态智能管控系统，包括所述的智能管控装置，还包括：An ecological intelligent management and control system for rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, including the intelligent management and control device, and also includes:
闸门，一一对应安装在每组的每块农田的进出水口处，与所述智能管控装置相连，被配置为：接收所述智能管控装置发出的指令，执行开闸或者关闸动作。The gates are installed at the water inlet and outlet of each farmland in each group in one-to-one correspondence, are connected to the intelligent management and control device, and are configured to receive instructions from the intelligent management and control device and perform gate opening or closing actions.
在一些实施例中，所述闸门的高度根据农田单位的最高水位H来确定。In some embodiments, the height of the gate is determined according to the highest water level H of the farmland unit.
本发明提供一种盐碱地雨水灌排生态管智能控方法，接入天气预报后，先判断降雨强度和距离上次开闸放水的时间间隔，决定继续开闸还是关闸，进而根据降水量和水力停留时间，再次判断何时开闸放水；The invention provides an intelligent control method for ecological management of rainwater irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land. After accessing the weather forecast, it first judges the rainfall intensity and the time interval from the last opening of the gate to release water, and then decides to continue to open or close the gate, and then based on the precipitation amount and hydraulic power The residence time is used to determine when to open the gate and release water;
其中，距离上次开闸放水的时间间隔，决定继续开闸还是关闸，操作步骤如下：Among them, the time interval since the last opening of the gate to release water determines whether to continue to open or close the gate. The operation steps are as follows:
(1)根据所选区域的土质，种植植物的种类(一般为比较耐水浸泡的植物)，渠高进行实验，得到田地的水最长停留时间t0，进而根据上覆水盐离子浓度变化得到上覆水盐离子浓度达到平衡的时间t1。(1) Conduct experiments based on the soil quality of the selected area, the types of plants (generally plants that are relatively resistant to water immersion), and the height of the canal to obtain the maximum residence time t 0 of water in the field, and then obtain the upper limit based on the changes in the salt ion concentration of the overlying water. The time t 1 for the concentration of salt ions in the covering water to reach equilibrium.
(2)根据所选区农田面积，闸的数量，计算出田地排水晾干时间t2。(2) Calculate the field drainage and drying time t 2 based on the selected farmland area and the number of gates.
(3)从系统开始运行计算，时间记为T，本次降水开始的时刻Sja，系统开始运行时，将Sja赋值为0，根据天气预报信息，判断降水量q是否大于0mm，若是则判断是否大于等于10mm，若否则继续开闸，把本次降水开始的时刻更新为当前时刻，若是责令Sja＝当前时刻T，进而判断是否为第一次运行，若是则直接关闸蓄水，若否则判断与上次开闸放水时间间隔是否超过田地排水晾干时间t2，若否则继续开闸放水，将开闸放水时刻Eja进行更新，若是则关闸蓄水，计算蓄水时间，是否达到排放标准t2。(3) Calculation starts from the system start operation, the time is recorded as T, the moment S ja when this precipitation starts, when the system starts running, assign S ja as 0, according to the weather forecast information, determine whether the precipitation q is greater than 0mm, if so, then Determine whether it is greater than or equal to 10mm. If not, continue to open the gate and update the time when the precipitation starts to the current time. If S ja = the current time T is ordered, then determine whether it is the first operation. If so, directly close the gate to store water. If not, determine whether the time interval between the last gate opening and water release exceeds the field drainage and drying time t 2 , if not, continue to open the gate to release water, and update the gate opening time E ja , if so, close the gate to store water, and calculate the water storage time, Whether the emission standard t 2 is reached.
(4)再次，为了防止在雨季因统一开闸放水，对渠道的防洪造成压力对所选区域的渠道进行按照面积分组n，并编号a(a为正整数1、2、3·····)，每组编号相同，每个闸开始放水时间记为Za＝t1+△t(a-1)，判断对应农田地块的水力停留时间是否到达其排放标准，然后分批次进行开闸放水，并记录每个编号的闸开始放水的时刻Eja。(4) Again, in order to prevent the flood control of the channels from being put under pressure due to the unified opening of gates during the rainy season, the channels in the selected area are grouped n according to the area, and numbered a (a is a positive integer 1, 2, 3... ·), each group has the same number, and the water release time of each gate is recorded as Z a =t 1 +△t(a-1), Determine whether the hydraulic retention time of the corresponding farmland reaches its discharge standard, then open the gates to release water in batches, and record the time E ja when each numbered gate begins to release water.
实施例1Example 1
首先收集资料，选取一整块农田进行分组，如图2所示，十块田分为A、B 两组，分别标为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5，B1、B2、B3、B4、B5，根据农田单位的最高水位为H＝0.08m，闸高为h＝0.5m(地下部分0.23m，地上部分0.27m)，根据气候和土壤条件通过实验测定田地土壤排水时间t2＝48h，选用比较耐水浸泡的植物t0＝70h(海水稻)，土壤中盐离子开始大量溶解在水里面的时间t1＝23h。每块农田按照图3方式，开挖闸口，安装可控制闸门。将安装好的阀门，标上分组号，连接电脑与控制器，则每组第一个运行如下：First, collect data and select a whole piece of farmland for grouping. As shown in Figure 2, the ten fields are divided into two groups, A and B, labeled A 1, A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , B 5 , according to the maximum water level of the farmland unit is H = 0.08m, the gate height is h = 0.5m (underground part 0.23m, above ground part 0.27m), according to the climate and soil conditions through experiments Measure the field soil drainage time t 2 =48h, select plants that are relatively resistant to water immersion, t 0 =70h (sea rice), and the time when salt ions in the soil begin to dissolve in water in large quantities, t1 =23h. For each piece of farmland, a gate is excavated and a controllable gate is installed according to the method shown in Figure 3. Mark the installed valve with a group number and connect it to the computer and controller. The first one in each group will run as follows:
A1在第一次运行时，T＝0,S11＝0，j＝1在运算开始时，接入天气预报，因为是第一次运行，因此关闭所有分组中编号为1农田的闸门，等待降水，上午 10:31:46下中雨(q＝17＞10mm)，S11＝当前时刻，当系统时间T＞t1+S11时，此时可以开闸放水，则根据Z1＝t1计算出为排水时刻，此时，两组1号闸门都打开排水，此时E11＝当前时刻，j＝2，则一次运行结束。When A1 is run for the first time, T = 0, S 11 = 0, j = 1. At the beginning of the operation, the weather forecast is accessed. Since it is the first run, the gates of the farmland numbered 1 in all groups are closed and wait. Precipitation, moderate rain (q=17>10mm) at 10:31:46 am, S 11 = current time, when system time T>t 1 +S 11 , the gate can be opened to release water at this time, then according to Z 1 =t 1 is calculated as the drainage time. At this time, both groups of No. 1 gates are opened for drainage. At this time, E 11 = the current time, j = 2, and one operation ends.
实施例2：Example 2:
如图2所示，十块田分为A、B两组，分别标为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5，B1、 B2、B3、B4、B5，根据农田单位的最高水位为H＝0.08m，闸高为h＝0.5m(地下部分0.23m，地上部分0.27m)，根据气候和土壤条件通过实验测定田地土壤排水时间t2＝48h，选用比较耐水浸泡的植物t0＝70h(海水稻)，土壤中盐离子开始大量溶解在水里面的时间t1＝23h。每块农田按照图3方式，开挖闸口，安装可控制闸门。将安装好的阀门，标上分组号，连接电脑与控制器，则每组第一个运行如下：As shown in Figure 2, the ten fields are divided into two groups, A and B, labeled A 1, A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , B 5 respectively. According to the maximum water level of the farmland unit is H=0.08m, the gate height is h=0.5m (underground part 0.23m, aboveground part 0.27m), and the field soil drainage time t 2 =48h is measured experimentally according to the climate and soil conditions, and the selection comparison For plants that are resistant to water immersion, t 0 =70h (sea rice), the time when salt ions in the soil begin to dissolve in water in large quantities, t 1 =23h. For each piece of farmland, a gate is excavated and a controllable gate is installed according to the method shown in Figure 3. Mark the installed valve with a group number and connect it to the computer and controller. The first one in each group will run as follows:
A1第二次运行程序，S21＝0，早上6:00下中雨(q＝11mm),S21＝系统当前时刻，2≥2，则S21-E12＜t2，此时继续保持开闸放水，E21＝当前时刻。j＝3，运行结束。A1 runs the program for the second time, S 21 = 0, it is raining moderately at 6:00 in the morning (q = 11mm), S 21 = the current time of the system, 2 ≥ 2, then S 21 -E 12 <t 2 , continue to maintain at this time Open the gate to release water, E 21 = current time. j=3, the run ends.
实施例3Example 3
如图2所示，十块田分为A、B两组，分别标为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5，B1、 B2、B3、B4、B5，根据农田单位的最高水位为H＝0.08m，闸高为h＝0.5m(地下部分0.23m，地上部分0.27m)，根据气候和土壤条件通过实验测定田地土壤排水时间t2＝48h，选用比较耐水浸泡的植物t0＝70h(海水稻等)，土壤中盐离子开始大量溶解在水里面的时间t1＝23h。每块农田按照图3方式，开挖闸口，安装可控制闸门。将安装好的阀门，标上分组号，连接电脑与控制器，则每组第一个运行如下：As shown in Figure 2, the ten fields are divided into two groups, A and B, labeled A 1, A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , B 5 respectively. According to the maximum water level of the farmland unit is H=0.08m, the gate height is h=0.5m (underground part 0.23m, aboveground part 0.27m), and the field soil drainage time t 2 =48h is measured experimentally according to the climate and soil conditions, and the selection comparison For plants that are resistant to water immersion, t 0 =70h (sea rice, etc.), the time when salt ions in the soil begin to dissolve in water in large quantities, t1 =23h. For each piece of farmland, a gate is excavated and a controllable gate is installed according to the method shown in Figure 3. Mark the installed valve with a group number and connect it to the computer and controller. The first one in each group will run as follows:
第三次运行程序，S31＝0，天气预报显示，晴天(q＝0)，则续接入天气预报，继续这个循环，直到降雨q≥10，S31＝系统当前时刻，3≥2，S31-E21≥t2，开始关闸蓄水，直到系统时刻T＞t1+S31，则Z1＝t1＜T-S31，开闸放水，E31＝当前时刻。第三次运行结束，j＝4。Run the program for the third time, S31=0, the weather forecast shows that it is sunny (q=0), then continue to access the weather forecast, and continue this cycle until rainfall q≥10, S31=the current moment of the system, 3≥2, S31- E21 ≥ t2, start closing the gate to store water until the system time T > t1 + S31, then Z1 = t 1 < T-S31, open the gate to release water, E31 = current time. The third run ends with j=4.
实施例4Example 4
如图2所示，十块田分为A、B两组，分别标为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5，B1、 B2、B3、B4、B5，根据农田单位的最高水位为H＝0.08m，闸高为h＝0.5m(地下部分0.23m，地上部分0.27m)，根据气候和土壤条件通过实验测定田地土壤排水时间t2＝48h，选用比较耐水浸泡的植物t0＝70h(海水稻等)，土壤中盐离子开始大量溶解在水里面的时间t1＝23h。每块农田按照图3方式，开挖闸口，安装可控制闸门。将安装好的阀门，标上分组号，连接电脑与控制器，则每组第一个运行如下：As shown in Figure 2, the ten fields are divided into two groups, A and B, labeled A 1, A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , B 5 respectively. According to the maximum water level of the farmland unit is H=0.08m, the gate height is h=0.5m (underground part 0.23m, aboveground part 0.27m), and the field soil drainage time t 2 =48h is measured experimentally according to the climate and soil conditions, and the selection comparison For plants that are resistant to water immersion, t 0 =70h (sea rice, etc.), the time when salt ions in the soil begin to dissolve in water in large quantities, t1 =23h. For each piece of farmland, a gate is excavated and a controllable gate is installed according to the method shown in Figure 3. Mark the installed valve with a group number and connect it to the computer and controller. The first one in each group will run as follows:
A1第四次运行程序，S41＝0，天气预报显示，夜里23：00有中雨(q＝14＞10)，S41＝系统当前时刻，4≥2，S41-E31≥t2，开始关闸蓄水，直到系统时刻T＞ t1+S41，则Z1＝t1＜T-S41，开闸放水，E41＝当前时刻，第四次运行结束，j＝5。A1 runs the program for the fourth time, S 41 = 0, the weather forecast shows that there will be moderate rain at 23:00 at night (q = 14>10), S 41 = the current time of the system, 4 ≥ 2, S 41 -E 31 ≥ t 2 , start closing the gate to store water until the system time T > t 1 + S 41 , then Z 1 = t 1 < TS 41 , open the gate to release water, E 41 = current time, the fourth run is over, j = 5.
实施例5Example 5
如图2所示，十块田分为A、B两组，分别标为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5，B1、 B2、B3、B4、B5，根据农田单位的最高水位为H＝0.08m，闸高为h＝0.5m(地下部分0.23m，地上部分0.27m)，根据气候和土壤条件通过实验测定田地土壤排水时间t2＝48h，选用比较耐水浸泡的植物t0＝70h(海水稻等)，土壤中盐离子开始大量溶解在水里面的时间t1＝23h。每块农田按照图3方式，开挖闸口，安装可控制闸门。将安装好的阀门，标上分组号，连接电脑与控制器，则每组第一个运行如下：As shown in Figure 2, the ten fields are divided into two groups, A and B, labeled A 1, A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , B 4 , B 5 respectively. According to the maximum water level of the farmland unit is H=0.08m, the gate height is h=0.5m (underground part 0.23m, aboveground part 0.27m), and the field soil drainage time t 2 =48h is measured experimentally according to the climate and soil conditions, and the selection comparison For plants that are resistant to water immersion, t 0 =70h (sea rice, etc.), the time when salt ions in the soil begin to dissolve in water in large quantities, t1 =23h. For each piece of farmland, a gate is excavated and a controllable gate is installed according to the method shown in Figure 3. Mark the installed valve with a group number and connect it to the computer and controller. The first one in each group will run as follows:
A1第五次运行，S51＝0，天气预报显示14:00下雨(0＜q＝3＜10)，则继续开闸，E51＝当前时刻。第五次运行结束，j＝6。A1 runs for the fifth time, S 51 = 0, and the weather forecast shows rain at 14:00 (0＜q＝3＜10), then the gate will continue to be opened, E 51 = current time. The fifth run ends with j=6.
实施例6Example 6
编号为A2在第一次运行时，T＝0,S11＝0，j＝1在运算开始时，接入天气预报，因为是第一次运行，因此关闭所有分组中编号为1的闸门，等待降水，上午 10:31:46下中雨(q＝17＞10mm)，S11＝当前时刻，当系统时间T＞t1+S11时，此时可以开闸放水，则根据Z2＝t1+△t计算出为排水时刻，此时，两组1号闸门都打开排水，此时E11＝当前时刻，j＝2，则一次运行结束。When the number A2 is run for the first time, T = 0, S 11 = 0, j = 1. At the beginning of the operation, the weather forecast is accessed. Since it is the first run, the gate numbered 1 in all groups is closed. Waiting for precipitation, it rains moderately at 10:31:46 am (q=17>10mm), S 11 = the current moment, when the system time T>t 1 + S 11 , the gate can be opened to release water at this time, then according to Z 2 = t 1 + △ t is calculated as the drainage time. At this time, both groups of No. 1 gates are opened for drainage. At this time, E 11 = the current time, j = 2, and one operation ends.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本公开的实施例可提供为方法、装置、或计算机程序产品。因此，本公开可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本公开可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用非瞬时性存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。It should be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as methods, apparatuses, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment that combines software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable non-transitory storage media (including, but not limited to, disk memory, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. .
本公开是参照根据本公开实施例的方法、设备(系统)和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each process and/or block in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of processes and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a use A device for realizing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes of the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that causes a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction means, the instructions The device implements the functions specified in a process or processes of the flowchart and/or a block or blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operating steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing, thereby executing on the computer or other programmable device. Instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in a process or processes of a flowchart diagram and/or a block or blocks of a block diagram.
至此，已经详细描述了本公开。为了避免遮蔽本公开的构思，没有描述本领域所公知的一些细节。本领域技术人员根据上面的描述，完全可以明白如何实施这里公开的技术方案。Up to this point, the present disclosure has been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, some details that are well known in the art have not been described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can completely understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.
虽然已经通过示例对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上示例仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
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