JP2022541533A - 水性ポリウレタン分散液中でのポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との組み合わされた使用 - Google Patents
水性ポリウレタン分散液中でのポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との組み合わされた使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022541533A JP2022541533A JP2022503012A JP2022503012A JP2022541533A JP 2022541533 A JP2022541533 A JP 2022541533A JP 2022503012 A JP2022503012 A JP 2022503012A JP 2022503012 A JP2022503012 A JP 2022503012A JP 2022541533 A JP2022541533 A JP 2022541533A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- dispersions
- vinyl
- esters
- polyol
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- -1 polyol esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229920003009 polyurethane dispersion Polymers 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011527 polyurethane coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MLMGJTAJUDSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical group C=CC1=NC=CN1 MLMGJTAJUDSUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-QWWZWVQMSA-N D-arabinitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)C(O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HOBAELRKJCKHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (8Z,11Z,14Z)-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O HOBAELRKJCKHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DJCQJZKZUCHHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z)-9-Pentadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O DJCQJZKZUCHHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QJNQLPGSJDHSMB-GWUWOWPBSA-N (Z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid (Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O QJNQLPGSJDHSMB-GWUWOWPBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YZAZXIUFBCPZGB-FJEDDJBMSA-N (e)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O YZAZXIUFBCPZGB-FJEDDJBMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZJVATSUMFCZSKA-QZOPMXJLSA-N (z)-docos-13-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZJVATSUMFCZSKA-QZOPMXJLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DHEMVUXAYZGHFQ-QZOPMXJLSA-N (z)-tetracos-15-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DHEMVUXAYZGHFQ-QZOPMXJLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KIHBGTRZFAVZRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)=O KIHBGTRZFAVZRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butoxymethyl]-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CC)(CO)CO WMYINDVYGQKYMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGNTUZCMJBTHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy]propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)COCC(O)CO AGNTUZCMJBTHOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XNLVWARRDCVUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-hexadecynoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC#CCCCCCC(O)=O XNLVWARRDCVUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WVYJDABIAXQSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(=C)N(C(C)=O)CC(C)C Chemical compound C(=C)N(C(C)=O)CC(C)C WVYJDABIAXQSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
Description
MaDbTc 式1
[式中、
M=[C3H5(OR1)2O1/2]であり、
D=[C3H5(OR1)1O2/2]であり、
T=[C3H5O3/2]であり、
a=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2であり、
b=0~10、好ましくは0より大きく5まで、特に好ましくは1~4であり、
c=0~3、好ましくは0であり、
R1ラジカルは、独立して、R2-C(O)-形態の同じもしくは異なるラジカルまたはHであり、
R2は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和または不飽和炭化水素ラジカルであり、
少なくとも1つのR1ラジカルはR2-C(O)-形態のラジカルに対応する]。
y=0~10、好ましくは0より大きく5まで、特に好ましくは1~4であり、
z=0~3、好ましくは0より大きく2まで、特に好ましくは0であるが、
少なくとも1つのR1ラジカルは水素ではない式1で定義されているR1であることを条件とする]。
k=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2であり、
m=0~10、好ましくは0より大きく5まで、特に好ましくは1~3あるが、
少なくとも1つのR1ラジカルは水素ではない式1で定義されているR1であり、かつk+mの合計がゼロより大きく、添え字kおよびmを有するフラグメントが統計的に分布していることを条件とする]。
a)少なくとも1種の水性ポリマー分散液と、本発明による少なくとも1種のポリオールエステルと、本発明による少なくとも1種のカチオン性高分子電解質と、任意選択的な追加の添加剤とを含有する混合物を準備する工程、
b)混合物を発泡させて、均一な微細なセルの発泡体を得る工程、
c)任意選択的に、少なくとも1種の増粘剤を添加して湿った状態の発泡体の粘度を調整する工程、
d)発泡したポリマー分散液のコーティングを適切な支持材に塗布する工程、
e)コーティングを乾燥/硬化する工程
を含む方法によって製造することができる。
物質:
SYNTEGRA(登録商標)YS 3000:DOWのMDI(メチルジフェニルジイソシアネート)ベースのポリウレタン分散液。これを製造するためのプロセスの結果として、製品は、アニオン性補助界面活性剤であるドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム(CAS:25155-30-0)を1~3重量%含有する。
Lupasol(登録商標)4570:BASFの中程度の分子量のビニルアミン-ビニルホルムアミドコポリマー(モル比70:30)。水中で31重量%。
Lupasol(登録商標)FG 1904:BASFの分岐構造を有する多官能性カチオン性ポリエチレンイミン。
ORTEGOL(登録商標)PV 301:Evonik Nutrition & Care GmbHのポリウレタンベースの会合性増粘剤。
全ての粘度測定は、LV-4スピンドルを備えたブルックフィールド粘度計LVTDモデルを使用して、12rpmの一定の回転速度で行った。粘度測定のために、サンプルを100mlのジャーの中に移し、その中に測定スピンドルを浸した。常に一定の粘度計測定値の表示を待った。
103.3gのポリグリセロール(OHN=1124mg KOH/g、Mw=240g/mol)と155.0gの工業グレードのステアリン酸(パルミチン酸:ステアリン酸=50:50;155.0g)との反応によって製造した24gのポリグリセロール-3ステアレートを、6.3gのプロピレングリコールおよび69.7gの水とブレンドし、80℃で均一にした。
本発明による添加剤の組み合わせの有効性を試験するために、一連の発泡実験を行った。この目的のために、DOWのSYNTEGRA(登録商標)YS 3000ポリウレタン分散液を使用した。これは、アニオン性補助界面活性剤として1重量%~3重量%のドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム(CAS:25155-30-0)を含む。使用した発泡体安定剤は、実施例1に記載の界面活性剤ブレンドであった。使用したカチオン性高分子電解質は、2つの物質Lupasol(登録商標)FG 1904およびLupasol(登録商標)4570であった。表1に、それぞれの実験の組成の概要が示されている。実験#1~#3では、ポリオールエステル界面活性剤のみ、またはカチオン性高分子電解質のみを添加剤として使用した。これらの実験は、個々の成分の効果を示すための比較実験として機能した。対照的に、実験#4および#5では、ポリオールエステル界面活性剤とカチオン性高分子電解質との本発明の組み合わせを使用して、これらの添加剤の組み合わせの改善された効果を実証した。
Claims (16)
- 水性ポリマー分散液中での、好ましくは水性ポリウレタン分散液中での、特に好ましくは補助界面活性剤、特にアニオン性補助界面活性剤を含む水性ポリウレタン分散液中での、添加剤としての、好ましくは発泡体添加剤としての、ポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との組み合わされた使用。
- 前記ポリオールエステルが、少なくとも1種のカルボン酸でポリオールをエステル化することによって得られることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の使用。
- 前記ポリオールがC3~C8ポリオールおよびそれらのオリゴマーの群から選択され、
好ましいポリオールが、プロパン-1,3-ジオール、プロピレングリコール、グリセロール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、ソルビタン、ソルビトール、イソソルビド、エリスリトール、トレイトール、ペンタエリスリトール、アラビトール、キシリトール、リビトール、フシトール、マンニトール、ガラクチトール、イジトール、イノシトール、ボレミトール、およびグルコース、特にグリセロールであり、
好ましいポリオールオリゴマーが、1~20個、好ましくは2~10個、より好ましくは2.5~8個の繰り返し単位を有するC3~C8ポリオールのオリゴマーであり、ここで特に好ましいものが、ジグリセロール、トリグリセロール、テトラグリセロール、ペンタグリセロール、ジエリスリトール、トリエリスリトール、テトラエリスリトール、ジ(トリメチロールプロパン)、トリ(トリメチロールプロパン)、ならびに二糖およびオリゴ糖、特にソルビタンならびにオリゴおよび/またはポリグリセロールであることを特徴とする、請求項2記載の使用。 - 前記カルボン酸が、一般式R-C(O)OH[式中、Rは、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和または不飽和炭化水素ラジカルである]に従い、
好ましいカルボン酸が、酪酸(ブタン酸)、カプロン酸(ヘキサン酸)、カプリル酸(オクタン酸)、カプリン酸(デカン酸)、ラウリン酸(ドデカン酸)、ミリスチン酸(テトラデカン酸)、パルミチン酸(ヘキサデカン酸)、ステアリン酸(オクタデカン酸)、アラキジン酸(エイコサン酸)、ベヘン酸(ドコサン酸)、リグノセリン酸(テトラコサン酸)、パルミトール酸((Z)-9-ヘキサデセン酸)、オレイン酸((Z)-9-ヘキサデセン酸)、エライジン酸((E)-9-オクタデセン酸)、cis-バクセン酸((Z)-11-オクタデセン酸)、リノール酸((9Z,12Z)-9,12-オクタデカジエン酸)、アルファ-リノレン酸((9Z,12Z,15Z)-9,12,15-オクタデカトリエン酸)、ガンマ-リノレン酸((6Z,9Z,12Z)-6,9,12-オクタデカトリエン酸)、ジ-ホモ-ガンマ-リノレン酸((8Z,11Z,14Z)-8,11,14-エイコサトリエン酸)、アラキドン酸((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5,8,11,14-エイコサテトラエン酸)、エルカ酸((Z)-13-ドコセン酸)、ネルボン酸((Z)-15-テトラコセン酸)、リシノール酸、ヒドロキシステアリン酸、およびウンデシニレン酸、ならびにこれらの混合物、例えば、菜種油酸、大豆脂肪酸、ヒマワリ脂肪酸、ピーナッツ脂肪酸、および/またはトール油脂肪酸から選択され、
パルミチン酸およびステアリン酸、ならびにこれら2つの物質の混合物が特に好ましいこと、
ならびに/または多官能性ジカルボン酸および/もしくはトリカルボン酸、好ましくは2~18個の炭素原子の鎖長を有する脂肪族直鎖もしくは分岐ジカルボン酸および/もしくはトリカルボン酸、ならびに/または12~22個の炭素原子を有する不飽和脂肪酸の触媒的二量体化によって得られた二量体脂肪酸が使用されること、
ならびに/または上で規定した前記一般式R-C(O)OHのカルボン酸と多官能性ジカルボン酸および/もしくはトリカルボン酸との混合物が使用されること
を特徴とする、請求項2または3記載の使用。 - 使用される前記ポリオールエステルが、ソルビタンエステルおよび/またはポリグリセロールエステル、好ましくはポリグリセロールエステル、好ましくは下記一般式1:
MaDbTc 式1
[式中、
M=[C3H5(OR1)2O1/2]であり、
D=[C3H5(OR1)1O2/2]であり、
T=[C3H5O3/2]であり、
a=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2であり、
b=0~10、好ましくは0より大きく5まで、特に好ましくは1~4であり、
c=0~3、好ましくは0であり、
R1ラジカルは、独立して、R2-C(O)-形態の同じもしくは異なるラジカルまたはHであり、
R2は、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~21個、より好ましくは9~17個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族飽和または不飽和炭化水素ラジカルであり、
少なくとも1つのR1ラジカルはR2-C(O)-形態のラジカルに対応する]
および/または一般式2:
MxDyTz 式2
[式中、
y=0~10、好ましくは0より大きく5まで、特に好ましくは1~4であり、
z=0~3、好ましくは0より大きく2まで、特に好ましくは0であるが、
少なくとも1つのR1ラジカルは水素ではない上で定義されているR1であることを条件とする]
および/または一般式3:
k=1~10、好ましくは2~3、特に好ましくは2であり、
m=0~10、好ましくは0より大きく5まで、特に好ましくは1~3あるが、
R1ラジカルのうちの少なくとも1つは水素ではない上で定義されているR1であり、かつk+mの合計がゼロより大きく、添え字kおよびmを有するフラグメントが統計的に分布していることを条件とする]
に従うポリグリセロールエステルの群から選択されるものを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の使用。 - 前記式1、2、および/または3の前記ポリオールエステルがリン酸化されており、特にR1ラジカルとして少なくとも1つの(R3O)2P(O)-ラジカル[式中、R3ラジカルは、独立してカチオン、好ましくは、Na+、K+、またはNH4 +、またはモノ-、ジ-、およびトリアルキルアミンのアンモニウムイオン(これは、例えばモノ-、ジ-、およびトリアルカノールアミンのアミドアミン、モノ-、ジ-、およびトリアミノアルキルアミンのアミドアミンの場合のような官能化されたアルキルラジカルであってもよい)、またはHまたはR4-O-[式中、R4ラジカルは、3~39個の炭素原子、好ましくは7~22個、より好ましくは9~18個の炭素原子を有する一価の脂肪族の飽和もしくは不飽和の炭化水素ラジカルまたはポリオールラジカルである]]を有することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の使用。
- 前記カチオン性高分子電解質が、ポリエチレンイミンおよびその縮合生成物、アルギニンおよび/またはヒスチジンを含むペプチドおよびポリアミド、アミン官能性およびグアニジン官能性シロキサン、ならびにアリルアミン、ジアリルアミン、それらのアルキル誘導体および四級化生成物の(コ)ポリマー、特にジアリルジメチルアンモニウムクロリド、ビニルアミン、ジビニルアミン、ビニルピリジン、およびそれらの四級化生成物、ビニルイミダゾール、そのアルキル誘導体および四級化生成物、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸とアミノアルコールとのエステル、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸とN,N-ジアルキルアミノアルキルアミンとのアミド、ならびにこれらの物質の混合物であり、極めて特に好ましくはビニルアミンに基づく(コ)ポリマーであることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の使用。
- 前記カチオン性高分子電解質が式4の少なくとも1種の繰り返し単位A
前記繰り返し単位Aが少なくとも50モル%程度、好ましくは少なくとも60モル%程度、より好ましくは少なくとも70モル%程度、さらにより好ましくは少なくとも80モル%程度、さらにより好ましくは少なくとも90モル%程度、最も好ましくは100モル%程度までポリマー中に存在する場合が好ましいことを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の使用。 - 前記ポリマーが、N-ビニルカルボキサミドのフリーラジカル重合およびそれに続くアミド官能基のアミン官能基への完全なまたは部分的な加水分解によって前記繰り返し単位Aおよび/またはBから製造することができ、好ましいN-ビニルカルボキサミドが、N-ビニルホルムアミド、N-ビニル-N-メチルホルムアミド、N-ビニル-N-エチルホルムアミド、N-ビニル-N-プロピルホルムアミド、N-ビニル-N-イソプロピルホルムアミド、N-ビニル-N-ブチルホルムアミド、N-ビニル-N-イソブチルホルムアミド、N-ビニルアセトアミド、N-ビニル-N-メチルアセトアミド、N-ビニル-N-エチルアセトアミド、N-ビニル-N-プロピルアセトアミド、N-ビニル-N-イソプロピルアセトアミド、N-ビニル-N-ブチルアセトアミド、N-ビニル-N-イソブチルアセトアミド、N-ビニルプロピオンアミド、N-ビニルメチルプロピオンアミド、N-ビニル-N-エチルプロピオンアミド、N-ビニル-N-プロピルプロピオンアミド、および/またはこれらの物質の混合物から選択され、極めて特にN-ビニルホルムアミドが好ましいことを特徴とする、請求項7または8記載の使用。
- 追加のモノエチレン性不飽和コモノマーまたはコモノマー混合物が、前記ポリマーならびに前記繰り返し単位AおよびBに任意選択的に組み込まれており、これらは、非イオン性であり、好ましくはビニルアルコールまたはアリルアルコールなどの不飽和アルコールおよびそのアルコキシレート、不飽和ニトリル、脂肪族または芳香族オレフィン、N-ビニルラクタム、例えばN-ビニルピロリドンまたはN-ビニルカプロラクタム、有機カルボン酸のビニルエステル、モノエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸のエステル、ならびにモノエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸のアミドであり、カチオン性モノマーが、好ましくはビニルイミダゾールおよびビニルイミダゾール単位、それらのアルキル誘導体および四級化生成物、ビニルピリジンおよびその四級化生成物、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸とアミノアルコールとの塩基性エステル、ならびにエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸とN,N-ジアルキルアミノアルキルアミンとの塩基性アミドであり、アニオン性が、好ましくはα,β-不飽和モノカルボン酸、不飽和ジカルボン酸、および/または不飽和ジカルボン酸の部分エステルであることを特徴とする、請求項7から9までのいずれか1項記載の使用。
- 前記水性ポリマー分散液が、水性ポリスチレン分散液、ポリブタジエン分散液、ポリ(メタ)アクリレート分散液、ポリビニルエステル分散液、およびポリウレタン分散液の群から選択され、特にポリウレタン分散液、特に補助界面活性剤含有分散液が好ましく、これらの分散液の固形分が、分散液全体を基準として好ましくは20~70重量%の範囲、より好ましくは25~65重量%の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項記載の使用。
- 前記水性ポリマー分散液の総重量を基準とするポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との合計量が、0.2~20重量%の範囲、より好ましくは0.4~15重量%の範囲、特に好ましくは0.5~10重量%の範囲内にあることを特徴とする、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項記載の使用。
- カチオン性高分子電解質が、ポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との総重量を基準として2.5~80重量%、好ましくは5~75重量%、より好ましくは7.5~50重量%の量で使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項記載の使用。
- ポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質とを含む、好ましくは請求項1から13までのいずれか1項記載の、水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは水性ポリウレタン分散液、好ましくは水性補助界面活性剤含有ポリマー分散液、特に補助界面活性剤含有水性ポリウレタン分散液。
- 水性ポリマー分散液中での、好ましくは水性ポリウレタン分散液中での、特に補助界面活性剤含有水性ポリウレタン分散液中での、添加剤としてのポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との組み合わされた使用による、多孔質ポリマーコーティング、好ましくは多孔質ポリウレタンコーティングの製造方法であって、
a)少なくとも1種の水性ポリマー分散液、好ましくは水性ポリウレタン分散液、特に補助界面活性剤含有水性ポリウレタン分散液と、少なくとも1種のポリオールエステルと、少なくとも1種のカチオン性高分子電解質と、任意選択的な追加の添加剤とを含有する混合物を準備する工程、
b)前記混合物を発泡させて、均一な微細なセルの発泡体を得る工程、
c)任意選択的に、少なくとも1種の増粘剤を添加して前記湿った状態の発泡体の粘度を調整する工程、
d)前記発泡したポリマー分散液、好ましくはポリウレタン分散液のコーティングを、適切な支持材に塗布する工程、
e)前記コーティングを乾燥する工程
を含む、方法。 - 水性ポリマー分散液中での、好ましくは補助界面活性剤含有ポリマー分散液中での、さらに好ましくは補助界面活性剤含有水性ポリウレタン分散液中での、特にそのようなポリマーコーティングの製造における、添加剤としてのポリオールエステルとカチオン性高分子電解質との組み合わされた使用によって得られる、好ましくは請求項15記載の方法によって得られる、多孔質ポリマーコーティング、好ましくは多孔質ポリウレタンコーティングであって、
好ましくは、平均セルサイズが150μm未満、好ましくは120μm未満、特に好ましくは100μm未満、最も好ましくは75μm未満であることを条件とする、多孔質ポリマーコーティング。
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