JP2022506513A - アンドロゲン媒介性疾患の処置のための化合物、組成物、および方法 - Google Patents
アンドロゲン媒介性疾患の処置のための化合物、組成物、および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001467 sodium calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008347 soybean phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000278 spinal cord Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002720 stereotactic body radiation therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QAHVHSLSRLSVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamoyl chloride Chemical compound NS(Cl)(=O)=O QAHVHSLSRLSVGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005849 sulfamoylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007910 systemic administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002626 targeted therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960003604 testosterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004797 therapeutic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical compound C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000954 titration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000022679 triple-negative breast carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 201000007423 tubular adenocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940121358 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005112 urinary bladder cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- A61K31/165—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
- A61K31/167—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide having the nitrogen of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol
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- A61K31/568—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, estradiol substituted in positions 10 and 13 by a chain having at least one carbon atom, e.g. androstanes, e.g. testosterone
- A61K31/5685—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, estradiol substituted in positions 10 and 13 by a chain having at least one carbon atom, e.g. androstanes, e.g. testosterone having an oxo group in position 17, e.g. androsterone
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- A61K31/569—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, estradiol substituted in positions 10 and 13 by a chain having at least one carbon atom, e.g. androstanes, e.g. testosterone substituted in position 17 alpha, e.g. ethisterone
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Abstract
Description
本出願は2018年11月1日付で出願された米国仮特許出願第62/754,487号に対する優先権を主張するものであり、該仮出願は全ての目的のためにその全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
前立腺がんは、がんに関連した死亡原因の第2位であり、男性において最も一般的に診断されているがんであり、米国だけで毎年推定220,800例の新しい症例がある[Ferlay, et al., Eur J Cancer, 2013. 49(6): 1374-403(非特許文献1); Siegel, et al., Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin, 2015. 65(1): 5-29(非特許文献2)]。前立腺がんに対する第一選択処置は、アンドロゲン除去療法(ADT)の使用により循環アンドロゲンレベルを低減させることを目的としている。これは、精巣によるアンドロゲン合成を阻害する外科的両側精巣摘出術、または去勢誘発薬の使用を通じてアンドロゲンレベルとアンドロゲン受容体(AR)活性化を低減させる2つの方法のうちの1つを使用して達成される。ADTは当初は、前立腺がんの増殖を低減するのに効果的であるが、2~3年の処置後に患者の大多数は去勢抵抗性前立腺がん(CRPC)に進行し、腫瘍増殖は去勢レベルのアンドロゲンの存在下でも進行する。この疾患進行の時点で、治療選択肢の数は、現在、限られているが、患者の転帰を改善するための集中的な研究の焦点である[Harris, et al., Nat Clin Pract Urol, 2009. 6(2): 76-85(非特許文献3)]。
および薬学的に許容されるその塩であり、
式中、
R1は-X(SO2)Y-であり;
XはOでありかつYはNHであるか、または、XはNHでありかつYはOであり;
R1は、それが結合しているフェニル基の2つの炭素と組み合わされて、オキサチアゾリジンジオキシドを形成する。
および薬学的に許容されるその塩であり、
式中、
R1およびR2は各々独立して、水素またはC1~6アルキルであり;
R3、R4、およびR5は各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、-OH、C1~6アルキル、またはC1~6アルコキシであり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10は各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、-OH、-NH3、-NO2、-CN、C1~6ハロアルキル、C1~6アルキル、C2~6アルケニル、C2~6アルキニル、またはC1~6アルコキシであり;
R11は結合、C1~6アルキレン、NR12、またはOであり;
R12は水素またはC1~6アルキルである。
または薬学的に許容されるその塩とを含む、薬学的組成物であり、
式中、
破線は単結合または二重結合を表し;
R20は-O(SO2)NR23R24-であり、それが結合しているフェニル基の2つの炭素と組み合わされて、4員~10員ヘテロシクリルを形成する、または
R20は-O(SO2)NR23R25であり;
R21、R22、R23、およびR25は各々独立して、水素またはC1~6アルキルであり;
R24は結合、C1~6アルキレン、またはC1~6アルケニレンである。
本発明は、部分的に、前立腺がんおよび乳がんを含むがこれらに限定されないがんの処置において、ステロイドスルファターゼ阻害剤およびアンドロゲン受容体阻害剤として使用することができる新しい化合物の開発に基づいている。これらの化合物は、エンザルタミドなどの抗アンドロゲン薬と併せて用いられた場合に驚くほど効果的であることも発見されている。本明細書において提供される治療の薬剤および方法は、去勢抵抗性前立腺がんの処置およびエンザルタミド処置の有効性の改善に有効であることが分かった。
本明細書において用いられる場合、「アルキル」という用語は、それ自体でまたは別の置換基の一部として、示された数の炭素原子を有する直鎖または分枝鎖の飽和脂肪族基をいう。アルキルはC1~2、C1~3、C1~4、C1~5、C1~6、C1~7、C1~8、C1~9、C1~10、C2~3、C2~4、C2~5、C2~6、C3~4、C3~5、C3~6、C4~5、C4~6、およびC5~6などの、任意の数の炭素を含むことができる。例えば、C1~6アルキルはメチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、tert-ブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、ヘキシルなどを含むが、これらに限定されることはない。アルキルは、限定されるものではないが、例えばヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシルなどの、20個までの炭素原子を有するアルキル基をいうこともできる。アルキル基は置換されていてもまたは置換されていなくてもよい。特に指定されない限り、「置換アルキル」基は、ハロ、ヒドロキシ、アミノ、アルキルアミノ、アミド、アシル、ニトロ、シアノ、およびアルコキシから選択される1つまたは複数の基で置換されていてもよい。
を有する部分をいい、式中で波線は、ジヒドロ-オキサチアジンジオキシドを含有する分子内の他の原子への結合点を示す。
エンザルタミド/アビラテロンに対する抵抗性の発現は、最終的には避けられない。新たな臨床的証拠から、DHEAS濃度の血清レベルが、進行前立腺がんにおいて非常に上昇しており、細胞内分泌アンドロゲン合成のための十分なプールとして機能しうることが示された。STSは、標的臓器におけるアンドロゲンおよびエストロゲンの局所的産生に関与する酵素である[Purohit, 前記]。本発明は、部分的に、抵抗性前立腺がんおよび乳がんを含む、STS活性化ホルモン関連がんを処置するための治療アプローチとして、STS活性を遮断するための新しいステロイドスルファターゼ阻害剤を同定するために開発された。以下でさらに詳細に記述されるように、いくつかのSTS阻害剤(STSi)が合成され、前立腺がん細胞においてSTS活性を阻害することが分かった。STSiによるSTSの阻害は、エンザルタミド抵抗性C4-2B MDVR細胞、アビラテロン抵抗性C4-2BAbiR細胞、ならびにVCaPおよびCWR22Rv1細胞の増殖を阻害した。STSiは、エンザルタミド抵抗性C4-2B MDVRおよびCWR22Rv1細胞を、エンザルタミド処置に対して再感受性化した。同様に、STSiはまた、アビラテロン抵抗性細胞をアビラテロン処置に対して再感受性化した。さらに、STSiは、去勢された雄性マウスの、抵抗性VCaP前立腺腫瘍増殖の腫瘍増殖を有意に阻害した。加えて、STSiは、抵抗性MDA-MB-231乳がん細胞の増殖を阻害することが実証された。
および薬学的に許容されるその塩であり、
式中、
R1は-X(SO2)Y-であり;
XはOでありかつYはNHであるか、またはXはNHでありかつYはOであり;
R1は、それが結合しているフェニル基の2つの炭素と組み合わされて、オキサチアゾリジンジオキシドを形成する。
アンドロゲン受容体(AR)変種は、去勢抵抗性前立腺がん(CRPC)などのある種のがんにおいて上方制御されることが知られている。AR変種の発現は、前立腺がんの進行およびAR標的療法に対する抵抗性に関連している(Mostaghel et al., Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:5913-25; Schrader et al., Eur Urol 2013; 64:169-70; Zhang et al., PLoS One 2011; 6:e27970; Sun et al., J Clin Invest 2010; 120:2715-30)。ARエクソン1/2/3/CE3の連続スプライシングによってコードされているAR変種AR-V7は、前立腺がんサンプルでのその蔓延で知られており(7, 12, 16)、インビトロおよびインビボで去勢抵抗性細胞増殖を誘導することができる(7, 17)。本発明者らは、前立腺がん細胞におけるエンザルタミド抵抗性を克服し、エンザルタミド療法を増強するためのAR阻害剤として、ニクロサミド(2',5-ジクロロ-4'-ニトロサリチルアニリド)を使用できることを以前に見出した。
および薬学的に許容されるその塩であり、
式中、
R1およびR2は各々独立して、水素またはC1~6アルキルであり;
R3、R4、およびR5は各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、-OH、C1~6アルキル、またはC1~6アルコキシであり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10は各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、-OH、-NH3、-NO2、-CN、C1~6ハロアルキル(例えば、-CF3または-CCl3)、C1~6アルキル、C2~6アルケニル、C2~6アルキニル、またはC1~6アルコキシであり;
R11は結合、C1~6アルキレン、NR12、またはOであり;
R12は水素またはC1~6アルキルである。
式中、
R1およびR2は各々独立して、水素またはC1~6アルキルであり;
R3、R4、およびR5は各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、-OH、C1~6アルキル、またはC1~6アルコキシであり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10は各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、-OH、-NH3、-NO2、-CN、C1~6ハロアルキル、C1~6アルキル、C2~6アルケニル、C2~6アルキニル、またはC1~6アルコキシである。
式中、
R3、R4、およびR5のうちの1つがハロゲンであり、かつR3、R4、およびR5のうちの2つが水素であり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つがハロゲンであり、R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つが-NO2であり、かつR6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの3つが水素である。そのようないくつかの態様において、R1およびR2は水素である。
式中、
R3、R4、およびR5のうちの1つがクロロであり、かつR3、R4、およびR5のうちの2つが水素であり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つがクロロであり、R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つが-NO2であり、かつR6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの3つが水素である。そのようないくつかの態様において、R1およびR2は水素である。
有利なことに、本開示による化合物は、がんなどの疾患の相乗的処置のために抗アンドロゲン薬と併せて用いることができる。本化合物の使用は、例えば、抗アンドロゲン療法に対する、抗アンドロゲン抵抗性がん(例えば、抗アンドロゲン抵抗性前立腺がんまたは乳がん)の再感受性化をもたらすことができる。本開示による併用療法では、ステロイド性抗アンドロゲン剤(例えば、酢酸シプロテロン、アビラテロンなど)および/または非ステロイド性抗アンドロゲン剤(例えば、エンザルタミド、フルタミド、ニルタミド、およびビカルタミド)が利用されうる。これらのおよびその他の抗アンドロゲン剤は、例えばSchroder et al. ((2009) 「Steroidal Antiandrogens.」 In: Jordan V.C., Furr B.J. (eds) Hormone Therapy in Breast and Prostate Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press)およびKolvenbag, et al. ((2009) 「Nonsteroidal Antiandrogens.」 In: Jordan V.C., Furr B.J. (eds) Hormone Therapy in Breast and Prostate Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press)により記述されている。
とを含む、薬学的組成物が提供され:
式中、
破線は単結合または二重結合を表し;
R20は-O(SO2)NR23R24-であり、それが結合しているフェニル基の2つの炭素と組み合わされて、4員~10員ヘテロシクリルを形成し、または
R20は-O(SO2)NR23R25であり;
R21、R22、R23、およびR25は各々独立して、水素またはC1~6アルキルであり;
R24は結合、C1~6アルキレン、またはC1~6アルケニレンである。
がんなどの障害の処置のための方法も本明細書において提供される。本方法は、任意で抗アンドロゲン薬と組み合わせて、式I、II、および/またはIIIによる化合物の治療有効量を投与する段階を含む。
対象におけるがんを予防または処置するためのキットも本明細書において提供される。キットは任意のがんを処置するのに有用であり、そのうちのいくつかの非限定的な例としては、前立腺がん、乳がん、子宮がん、卵巣がん、結腸直腸がん、胃がん、膵臓がん、肺がん(例えば、中皮腫、肺腺がん)、食道がん、頭頸部がん、肉腫、黒色腫、甲状腺がん、CNSがん(例えば、神経芽細胞腫、神経膠芽腫)、慢性リンパ性白血病、および本明細書において記述される任意の他のがんが挙げられる。キットは同様に、アンドロゲン非依存性、去勢抵抗性、去勢再発性、ホルモン抵抗性、薬物抵抗性、および転移性去勢抵抗性がんを処置するのに適している。
本発明を特定の実施例によってさらに詳細に記述する。以下の実施例は例示の目的のためだけに与えられ、いかなる方法によっても本発明を限定することは意図されない。当業者は、本質的に同じ結果を得るために変更または修正することができる種々の重要でないパラメータを容易に認識するであろう。
Si-1およびSi-2の合成:
STSi化合物であるSi-1およびSi-2の代表的な合成を以下に示す。エストロンをジトリフレート(1)に変換した。置換カルボキサミドのD環への挿入を選択することで化合物(2)が得られた。トリフレートの除去により(3)が得られ、(3)のスルファモイル化によりSi-1が得られた。Si-2 の合成は、エチル-イソプロピルアミンの代わりにジイソプロピルアミンを用いたことを除いてSi-1と同様であった。計10種のSTSi化合物(Si-1~Si-10)を合成したが、これらを図1Aおよび図1Bに示す。
STSi化合物であるSi-8の合成を以下のスキームに示す。エストロンのニトロ化により、位置異性体(a)および(b)の混合物が得られた。化合物(a)の還元によりアミン(c)が得られた。塩化トシルでのアミンの保護により、保護された化合物(d)が得られ、塩化スルフリルでさらに処理して、保護されたオキサチアゾリジンジオキシド(e)を得た。水性塩基による脱保護により、STSi化合物Si-8が得られた。化合物(b)を用い類似の合成を実施して、STSi化合物Si-9を得た。
細胞増殖アッセイおよびクローン原性アッセイを用いて、STS阻害剤に対する前立腺がん細胞の感受性を試験した。STSおよびARの発現レベルを検出するために、定量的逆転写PCRおよびウエスタンブロッティングを実施した。STSに特異的なsiRNAを用いてSTSの発現が下方制御された。DHEAおよびアンドロゲンを含むステロイドプロファイルを、液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析(LC-MS)によって分析した。4-メチルウンベリフェリルサルフェートアッセイにより蛍光マイクロタイタープレートリーダーを通じてSTS活性を決定した。PSA分泌をELISAによって決定し、PSA-ルシフェラーゼ活性をレポーターアッセイにより測定した。11種の強力なSTS阻害剤を合成し、特徴づけした。去勢再発VCaP異種移植腫瘍モデルにおいて2種の新規STS阻害剤のインビボでの効力を試験した。
STS酵素活性の阻害におけるSTSiの能力を評価するために、VCaP前立腺がん細胞を2種の合成STSiで処理し、STS酵素活性を測定した。活性アッセイは、Wolffら(Anal Biochem, 2003. 318(2): p. 276-284)によって記述されているように行われた。図2は、両方のSTSiが用量依存的にSTS酵素活性を有意に阻害したことを示している。図3は、VCaP細胞におけるSTS酵素活性に及ぼす他のSTSiの効果を示している。
前立腺がん細胞の増殖に及ぼすSTSiの効果を調べるために、C4-2B、LNCaP、DU145、PC3、CWR22rv1およびVCaP細胞を、漸増用量のSTSiで48時間処理し、細胞数をカウントした。図4に示されるように、Si-1およびSi-2は細胞増殖を用量依存的に阻害した。図5は、C4-2B細胞の増殖に及ぼす他のSTSiの効果を示す。抵抗性前立腺がん細胞の増殖に及ぼすSTSiの効果を調べるために、エンザルタミド抵抗性C4-2B MDVRおよびアビラテロン抵抗性C4-2BAbiR細胞をさまざまな用量の両方のSTSiで処理し、細胞数をカウントした。図6および図7に示されるように、STSiはC4-2BMDVRおよびC4-2BAbiR細胞の増殖を阻害するが、エンザルタミドまたはアビラテロンとの併用は、C4-2BMDVRおよびC4-2BAbiR細胞の両方において細胞増殖をさらに低下させた。
これらの化合物がエンザルタミド/アビラテロン抵抗性腫瘍増殖をインビボで阻害するかどうかを判定するために、内因性STSを発現するVCaP腫瘍モデルを利用した。無傷のSCIDマウスにVCaP腫瘍を発生させ、腫瘍が80~100 mm3のサイズに達した後に動物を去勢した。この設定により、CRPC系である VCaPを去勢後に再発させ、STS阻害剤をその効力について試験することが可能とされた。図8Aに示されるように、去勢1週間後、VCaP腫瘍が再発し始め、Si-1およびSi-2 (25 mg/kg/d i.p.)による処置により、腫瘍の進行が有意に減少した。Si-1およびSi-2は、対照と比較して同様の腫瘍抑制(60%前後の腫瘍抑制)を示した(図8B~8C)。Si-1およびSi-2はともに、3週間の処置後に腫瘍重量を有意に減少させた(それぞれp=0.00155およびp=0.00061)。しかしながら、マウスの体重は対照群と比較して、Si-1およびSi-2処置によって影響を受けなかった(図8D)。血清PSAレベルも3週間の処置後に有意に減少した。図8Eに示されるように、3週間の処置時点で、対照群においては300 ng/mL のPSAが発現しており、Si-1はPSAを50%低下させ(p=0.00267)、Si-2はPSAを55%低下させた(p=0.000692)。IHCによるAR発現および腫瘍増殖も調べた。図8Eに示されるように、Si-1およびSi-2の両方が、VCaP腫瘍においてより少ないKi67およびAR染色を示した。再発したVCaP腫瘍は、強いAR核および細胞質染色を示した。しかしながら、Si-1およびSi-2は腫瘍AR発現を有意に抑制した。まとめると、これらのインビボの結果から、Si-1およびSi-2がインビボで優れた抗腫瘍効果を示したことがさらに確認される。
STS阻害がエンザルタミド処置を改善できるかどうかをさらに試験するために、VCaP細胞においてSi-1およびSi-2をエンザルタミドと組み合わせて試験した。図9Aに示されるように、エンザルタミドはインビトロでVCaP細胞の増殖をわずかに抑制し、細胞の増殖はSi-1およびSi-2の添加により低減された。Si-1またはSi-2とエンザルタミドとの組み合わせにより、細胞数がさらに低減された。図9Bに示されるように、AR転写活性も決定した。エンザルタミド処理は、VCaP細胞においてPSAルシフェラーゼ活性をわずかに減少させ、STSiはAR活性を抑制し、エンザルタミドとの組み合わせにより、AR転写活性をさらに低減した。AR発現は、ウエスタンブロットによっても決定された。図9Cに示されるように、エンザルタミド処理はAR発現を減少させ、Si-1およびSi-2の両方がAR発現を有意に減少させ、エンザルタミドとSi-1またはSi-2との組み合わせ処理はAR発現を完全に抑制した。
乳がん細胞の増殖に及ぼすSTSiの効果を調べるために、MCF-7、MDA-MB-468およびMDA-MB-231細胞をさまざまな用量のSTSiで48時間処理し、細胞数をカウントした。図10に示されるように、Si-1およびSi-2は細胞増殖を用量依存的に阻害する。
ニクロサミド(3.27 g, 0.01 mol)、トリエチルアミン(TEA) (15.4 ml, 0.11 mol)および4-(ジメチルアミノ)ピリジン(DMAP) (0.25 g)を0℃でジクロロメタン(DCM, CH2Cl2) (120 ml)に溶解した。次に、クロロスルホンアミド (12.23 g, 0.105 mol)を反応混合物に加え、得られた溶液を0℃で30分間攪拌した。次に、溶液を水で洗浄し、ジクロロメタン層を得て、乾燥させ、蒸発させて、褐色がかった固体を得た。固体をシリカカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製し、白色の純粋なニクロサミドスルファメート(0.64 g, 収率15.8%)を得た。
ニクロサミドは低い溶解性および経口バイオアベイラビリティに悩まされており、これは、ニクロサミドのフェノール性OH基とケトン基との間の分子内水素結合の形成に一部起因するものと考えられている。フェノール基はスルファメートに変換されて、経口投与後にステロイドスルファターゼにより切断されうるプロドラッグ・ニクロサミドスルファメート(Nic-S)を形成する。ニクロサミドスルファメート(Nic-S)は、Wnt5A発現を阻害し(図12B)、明らかな毒性なしにインビトロおよびインビボでエンザルタミド処置を相乗的に増強することが分かった(図12A、C、D)。
Claims (35)
- R1およびR2が水素であり;
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10が各々独立して、水素、ハロゲン、または-NO2である、
請求項7記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1およびR2が水素であり;
R3、R4、およびR5のうちの1つがハロゲンであり、かつR3、R4、およびR5のうちの2つが水素であり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つがハロゲンであり、R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つが-NO2であり、かつR6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの3つが水素である、
請求項6~8のいずれか一項記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - R1およびR2が水素であり;
R3、R4、およびR5のうちの1つがクロロであり、かつR3、R4、およびR5のその他が水素であり;
R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のうちの1つがクロロであり、R6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のもう1つが-NO2であり、かつR6、R7、R8、R9、およびR10のその他が水素である、
請求項6~9のいずれか一項記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - 請求項1記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩と、薬学的に許容される賦形剤とを含む、薬学的組成物。
- 抗アンドロゲン薬をさらに含む、請求項12記載の薬学的組成物。
- 抗アンドロゲン薬が、エンザルタミド、アビラテロン、ビカルタミド、アパルタミド、ダロルタミド、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項13記載の薬学的組成物。
- 請求項2~11のいずれか一項記載の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩と、薬学的に許容される賦形剤とを含む、薬学的組成物。
- 抗アンドロゲン薬をさらに含む、請求項15記載の薬学的組成物。
- R20が-O(SO2)NR23R24-であり、かつR24がC1~6アルキレンまたはC1~6アルケニレンである、請求項17または請求項18記載の薬学的組成物。
- R20が、それが結合しているフェニル基の2つの炭素と組み合わされて、オキサチアジンジオキシドまたはジヒドロ-オキサチアジンジオキシドを形成する、請求項17~19のいずれか一項記載の薬学的組成物。
- R20が-O(SO2)-NR23R25である、請求項17または請求項18記載の薬学的組成物。
- R21が水素、メチル、エチル、プロピル、またはイソプロピルであり; かつ
R22が水素、プロピル、またはイソプロピルである、
請求項17~21のいずれか一項記載の薬学的組成物。 - 抗アンドロゲン薬が、エンザルタミド、アビラテロン、ビカルタミド、アパルタミド、ダロルタミド、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項16~23のいずれか一項記載の薬学的組成物。
- 障害を処置する方法であって、
それを必要とする対象に請求項1~11のいずれか一項記載の化合物の治療有効量、または請求項12~24のいずれか一項記載の薬学的組成物の治療有効量を投与する段階
を含む、方法。 - 障害ががんである、請求項25記載の方法。
- がんが、アンドロゲン非依存性がん、転移性がん、去勢抵抗性がん、去勢再発がん、ホルモン抵抗性がん、転移性去勢抵抗性がん、およびその組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項26記載の方法。
- がんが前立腺がんまたは乳がんである、請求項26または27記載の方法。
- がんが前立腺がんである、請求項26~28のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 式Iの化合物または式IIIの化合物が投与され、かつ
方法が、対象に抗アンドロゲン薬を投与する段階をさらに含む、
請求項25~29のいずれか一項記載の方法。 - 式IIの化合物と、抗アンドロゲン薬とを含む組成物が投与される、請求項25~29のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 抗アンドロゲン薬が、エンザルタミド、アビラテロン、ビカルタミド、アパルタミド、ダロルタミド、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択される、請求項25~31のいずれか一項記載の方法。
- 対象から得られた試験サンプルにおける1つまたは複数のバイオマーカーのレベルを決定する段階
をさらに含む、請求項25~32のいずれか一項記載の方法。 - 1つまたは複数のバイオマーカーが前立腺特異的抗原(PSA)を含む、請求項33記載の方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項記載の化合物、または請求項12~24のいずれか一項記載の薬学的組成物の投与が、投与の前に対象から得られた試験サンプルにおけるPSAのレベルと比較して、投与対象から得られた試験サンプルにおけるPSAのレベルの減少をもたらす、請求項34記載の方法。
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US6288050B1 (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 2001-09-11 | Duquesne University Of The Holy Ghost | Steroid sulfatase inhibitors and methods for making and using the same |
KR20110028554A (ko) * | 2002-06-06 | 2011-03-18 | 가부시키가이샤 이야쿠 분지 셋케이 겐쿠쇼 | O-치환 히드록시아릴 유도체 |
AU2003272964A1 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-05-04 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Remedy for hormone-dependent cancer |
US9464065B2 (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2016-10-11 | The Scripps Research Institute | Compounds and methods for inducing chondrogenesis |
CN110305045A (zh) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 成都海创药业有限公司 | 一种酰胺类化合物及其在治疗癌症中的用途 |
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- 2019-11-01 WO PCT/US2019/059491 patent/WO2020092972A1/en unknown
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- 2019-11-01 CN CN201980072934.7A patent/CN113382736A/zh not_active Withdrawn
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2021
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US20210253628A1 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
EP3873479A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
WO2020092972A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
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