JP2022503889A - 熱的に安定な物体の三次元インクジェット印刷 - Google Patents
熱的に安定な物体の三次元インクジェット印刷 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022503889A JP2022503889A JP2021517579A JP2021517579A JP2022503889A JP 2022503889 A JP2022503889 A JP 2022503889A JP 2021517579 A JP2021517579 A JP 2021517579A JP 2021517579 A JP2021517579 A JP 2021517579A JP 2022503889 A JP2022503889 A JP 2022503889A
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- ASUOLLHGALPRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphonoylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ASUOLLHGALPRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- OKQKDCXVLPGWPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenephosphane Chemical compound S=P OKQKDCXVLPGWPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N tert-butyl-[(1r,3s,5z)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-5-(2-diphenylphosphorylethylidene)-4-methylidenecyclohexyl]oxy-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C[C@H](O[Si](C)(C)C(C)(C)C)C(=C)\C1=C/CP(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MDDUHVRJJAFRAU-YZNNVMRBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/101—Inks specially adapted for printing processes involving curing by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. with UV-curing following the printing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/36—Inkjet printing inks based on non-aqueous solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/38—Inkjet printing inks characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
Abstract
【選択図】 図15
Description
本願は、2018年9月28日出願の米国仮特許出願No.62/738084の優先権の利益を主張し、その内容は、参考としてその全体をここに組み入れる。
本発明は、その一部の実施形態では、三次元印刷に関し、特に限定されないが、熱硬化性シアネートエステルを使用する三次元インクジェット印刷の方法、及びこれらの方法によって得られる物体に関する。
前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物の前記吐出、及び前記第一硬化条件への前記層の各々の前記露出を繰り返すこと;及び前記第二硬化条件に前記複数の層をまとめて露出することを含む。
式I中、mは、1~6の整数であり、例えば1,2,3,4,5又は6、好ましくは2,3,4又は5、より好ましくは2又は3、例えば2であり、Rは、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、ヘテロ脂環式である。あるいは、Rは、任意選択的にSi,P,S,O,Nのような一つ以上のヘテロ原子によって中断及び/又は置換されてもよい炭化水素(飽和又は不飽和)である。
式中、Xは-O-及び-O-C(=O)-から選択され、
Dは、それぞれの実施形態のいずれかにおいて本明細書に規定されるような炭化水素であり、
Rx及びRyは、それぞれ独立して水素、アルキル、及びシクロアルキルから選択される。
第一配合物の全重量の90~99重量%の量の、それぞれの実施形態のいずれかにおいて本明細書に記載されたようなシアネートエステルである第一硬化性材料;及び
第一配合物の全重量の0.5~3、又は1~2.5重量%の量の、それぞれの実施形態のいずれかにおいて本明細書に記載されたような光開始剤。
第二配合物の全重量の86~95重量%の全量の、硬化されたとき、少なくとも150℃の平均Tgを具備する一種以上の多官能アクリル材料;及び
第二配合物の全重量の5~10重量%の全量の、芳香族アミン(第一、第二、又はそれらの混合物)。
第二配合物の全重量の40~60重量%の全量の、硬化されたとき、少なくとも150℃の平均Tgを具備する一種以上の多官能アクリル材料;
第二配合物の全重量の3~8重量%の全量の、芳香族アミン(第一、第二、又はそれらの混合物);及び
第二配合物の全重量の30~50重量%の量の、それぞれの実施形態のいずれかにおいて本明細書に記載されたようなエポキシ含有硬化性材料。
本明細書に記載された実施形態のいずれかの一部では、第一及び/又は第二及び/又は第三配合物は、一種以上の追加の材料を独立してさらに含み、それは、非反応性材料(非硬化性材料)としても本明細書において言及される。
本明細書中で使用されるアルケンおよびアルキンは、一つ以上の二重結合または三重結合をそれぞれ含む、本明細書中で定義されるアルキルである。
配合系-一般:
本発明の一部の実施形態による例示的な配合系は、二つの造形用材料配合物から構成され、一つの配合物(部分A、本明細書に記載されるような第二造形用材料配合物に相当)は、高Tgアクリル光硬化性材料(第二硬化性材料)を含み、かつシアネートエステルベースの熱硬化性材料の硬化を促進する薬剤を含み、別の配合物(部分B、本明細書に記載されるような第一造形用材料配合物に相当)は、シアネートエステルベースの熱硬化性材料(第一硬化性材料)、及び任意選択的に光硬化性材料の硬化を促進する光開始剤を含む。各配合物は、任意選択的に界面活性剤、抑制剤、及び追加の活性剤をさらに含む。
実験は、配合物の温度依存粘度プロファイルに依存して、約40℃~約100℃の範囲のインクジェット印刷ヘッド作用温度で操作される、E1印刷ヘッドを備えた、Connex(商品名)及びTriplex印刷システムを使用して行なわれた。典型的な実験では、印刷は、約68℃のインクジェット印刷ヘッド温度で実施された。
例示的な第一硬化条件は、広い波長スペクトル(250~380nm)及び約1.4W/cm2の光強度(合計)を有する標準中圧水銀ランプを使用する照射を含む。硬化層の上の印刷ヘッドの通過時間は、35~50℃の周囲温度で数ミリ秒である。
粘度は、ブルックフィールドのLVDV-II+粘度計を使用して測定された。
以下の表1は、例示的な部分A配合物の組成を与え、以下の表2は、例示的な部分B配合物の組成を与える。
以下の表4は、例示的な部分A配合物の組成を与え、以下の表5は、例示的な部分B配合物の組成を与える。
粘度測定
一般に、部分A及び部分B配合物の安定性の試験のために、配合物が、好ましくは室温で作られ、65℃で貯蔵され、各配合物の粘度が、68℃で毎日測定された。
部分Aがシアネートエステルの重合を促進する薬剤として金属触媒と芳香族第二アミンの組み合わせを含む配合系が使用された。
部分Aがシアネートエステルの重合を促進する薬剤として金属触媒と芳香族第二アミンの組み合わせを含み、さらにエポキシ樹脂を含む配合系が、使用された。
Claims (49)
- 三次元インクジェット印刷によって三次元物体を製作する方法であって、物体が、その少なくとも一部において、シアネートエステル含有ポリマーネットワークを含み、方法が、物体の形状に対応する構成パターンで複数の層を逐次形成し、それによって三次元物体を製作することを含み、
前記層の少なくとも一部の形成が、熱硬化性シアネートエステルである第一硬化性材料を含む第一造形用材料配合物、及び前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための活性剤を含みかつ前記第一硬化性材料を欠く第二造形用材料配合物を吐出することを含み、前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物が、前記第一硬化性材料とは異なる第二硬化性材料、及び任意選択的に前記第二硬化性材料の硬化を促進するための薬剤をさらに含む、方法。 - 前記第一造形用材料配合物及び第二造形用材料配合物の各々の粘度が、68℃で50cps又は40cps又は30cpsを越えない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第二硬化性材料の硬化を実施するための第一硬化条件に前記層の各々を露出することをさらに含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記第一硬化条件が、熱エネルギーの付与を含まない、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記第一硬化性材料及び前記第一硬化条件が、前記シアネートエステルの重合度が20%以下であるようなものである、請求項3又は4に記載の方法。
- 前記層を第二硬化条件に露出し、それによって前記熱硬化性シアネートエステルの重合を実施することをさらに含み、前記第二硬化条件が、熱エネルギーを含む、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記層の前記少なくとも一部の形成が、
前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物の前記吐出、及び前記第一硬化条件への前記層の各々の前記露出を繰り返すこと;及び
前記第二硬化条件に前記複数の層をまとめて露出すること
を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記第二硬化条件が、前記層を少なくとも80℃の温度で少なくとも一時間の時間期間、加熱することを含む、請求項6又は7に記載の方法。
- 前記第一造形用材料配合物が、前記第一硬化性材料、及び前記第二硬化性材料の重合を促進するための前記薬剤を含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第二造形用材料配合物が、前記第二硬化性材料、及び前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤を含む、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第二硬化性材料が、光硬化性材料、好ましくはUV硬化性材料である、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第一硬化条件が、放射線照射、好ましくはUV放射線照射を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記第二硬化性材料の硬化を促進するための前記薬剤が、光開始剤である、請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 前記光硬化性材料が、硬化したとき、少なくとも150℃のTgを具備する、請求項11~13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第二硬化性材料が、アクリル材料であるか、又はアクリル材料を含む、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アクリル材料が、二官能及び/又は多官能アクリル材料を含む、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記第二硬化性材料が、硬化したとき、100℃より高い又は150℃より高いTgを具備する、請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤が、前記第一硬化条件及び/又は前記第二硬化条件への前記露出により活性化可能である、請求項1~17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤が、前記第一硬化条件及び/又は前記第二硬化条件への前記露出の前に前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進することに対して不活性であるか、又は部分的に活性である、請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物が、前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤を活性化する薬剤をさらに含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤が、前記第一硬化条件及び/又は前記第二硬化条件への露出により前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤を活性化する、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤が、求核基を含む、請求項1~21のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記求核基が、チオールである、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記求核基が、アミンである、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記アミンが、第一アミン、第二アミン、及びそれらの組み合わせから選択される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤が、芳香族アミンである、請求項24又は25に記載の方法。
- 前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための前記薬剤が、芳香族第二アミンである、請求項1~25のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第二造形用材料配合物が、前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進する金属種をさらに含む、請求項1~27のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物が、前記シアネートエステルと相互作用し、それによってコポリマーネットワークを形成することができる追加の硬化性材料をさらに含む、請求項1~28のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記追加の硬化性材料が、前記第一硬化条件及び/又は前記第二硬化条件への露出により前記シアネートエステルと相互作用することができる、請求項29に記載の方法。
- 前記追加の硬化性材料が、エポキシ含有硬化性材料であるか、又はエポキシ含有硬化性材料を含む、請求項29又は30に記載の方法。
- 前記追加の硬化性材料が、室温で1000未満又は500未満のセンチポアズの粘度を具備する、請求項29~31のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記層の各々における前記第一造形用材料配合物と前記第二造形用材料配合物の重量比が、50:50~70:30の範囲である、請求項1~32のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第一造形用材料配合物及び前記第二造形用材料配合物の吐出が、ボクセル化された態様で行なわれ、前記第一造形用材料配合物のボクセルが、前記第二造形用材料配合物のボクセルでインターレースされている、請求項1~31のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第一造形用材料配合物の前記ボクセルと前記第二造形用材料配合物の前記ボクセルの重量比が、50:50~70:30の範囲である、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記第一造形用材料配合物が、前記第一硬化性材料及び光開始剤を含み、前記第二造形用材料配合物が、硬化したとき、少なくとも150℃のTgを具備する多官能アクリル材料、及び芳香族アミンを含む、請求項1~35のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記多官能アクリル材料の全量が、前記第一造形用材料配合物及び前記第二造形用材料配合物の全重量の20~40又は20~30又は25~30重量%の範囲である、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記芳香族アミンの量が、前記第一造形用材料配合物及び前記第二造形用材料配合物の全重量の2~4重量%の範囲である、請求項36又は37に記載の方法。
- 前記光開始剤の量が、前記第一造形用材料配合物及び前記第二造形用材料配合物の全重量の0.5~1.5重量%の範囲である、請求項36~38のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記芳香族アミンが、芳香族第二アミンである、請求項36~39のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物が、前記シアネートエステルと相互作用することができる追加の硬化性材料をさらに含む、請求項36~40のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第一造形用材料配合物が、前記追加の硬化性材料を欠いている、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 前記追加の硬化性材料が、第二造形用材料配合物中に含まれる、請求項41又は42に記載の方法。
- 前記第一硬化性材料及び前記追加の硬化性材料(もし存在するなら)の全量が、前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物の全重量の50~80又は60~80又は60~70重量%の範囲である、請求項36~43のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記複数の層を形成することが、第三造形用材料配合物を吐出することをさらに含み、前記吐出が、前記少なくとも二つの造形用材料配合物が内側領域を形成しかつ前記第三造形用材料配合物が前記内側領域の少なくとも一部を包囲する外側領域を形成するように構成される、請求項1~44のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記第三造形用材料配合物が、前記第一硬化条件への露出により硬化可能である第三硬化性材料を含む、請求項45に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~46のいずれかに記載の方法によって得られる三次元物体。
- 三次元物体の付加製造に使用可能な配合系であて、物体が、その少なくとも一部において、シアネートエステル含有ポリマーネットワークを含み、配合系が、熱硬化性シアネートエステルである第一硬化性材料を含む第一造形用材料配合物、及び前記シアネートエステルの重合を促進するための活性剤を含みかつ前記第一硬化性材料を欠く第二造形用材料配合物を含み、配合系が、前記第一硬化性材料とは異なる第二硬化性材料、及び任意選択的に前記第二硬化性材料の硬化を促進するための薬剤をさらに含む、配合系。
- 前記第一造形用材料配合物及び前記第二造形用材料配合物が、キット内で別個に包装されている、請求項48に記載の配合系を含むキット。
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