JP2022135579A - Structure construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a structure construction method capable of producing a structure having high artistry using an additional production device.SOLUTION: A structure construction method comprises: a structure construction step in which a hydraulic mixture 31 is discharged from an additional production part 10 to construct a structure 3; and a finish processing step in which rugged processing is performed to the surface 3f of the structure 3 by a finish processing part 20 before condensation of the hydraulic mixture 31. A finish processing part 20 comprises: a first processing part 24 in which a first kind of rugged processing is performed to the surface 3f of the structure 3; and a second processing part 29 in which a second kind of rugged processing different from the first kind is performed to the surface 3f of the structure 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a structure.

Conventionally, it is known that the surface of a wall or pillar is finished with a highly artistic finish, in which three-dimensional unevenness is added to the surface.

On the other hand, in recent years, there has been proposed a method of constructing a structure by extruding concrete members made of a cement-based material to a predetermined location using an additive manufacturing device or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4527107

Although the conventional additive manufacturing apparatus can laminate concrete members, there is a problem that it is not possible to manufacture a highly artistic structure by processing the surface into a desired shape.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a method of constructing a structure capable of manufacturing a highly artistic structure using an additive manufacturing apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the structure construction method according to the present invention includes a structure construction step of discharging a hydraulic mixture from an additional manufacturing unit of an additional manufacturing apparatus to construct a structure, and a finishing unit in which the hydraulic mixture is condensed. and a finishing step of performing processing to form unevenness on the surface of the structure.

In the method of constructing a structure configured as described above, the structure is constructed by discharging the hydraulic mixture from the additive manufacturing unit of the additive manufacturing apparatus. Before the hydraulic mixture is solidified, the finishing section performs processing to form unevenness on the surface of the structure. Therefore, by forming unevenness on the surface of a structure to give it a three-dimensional decorative finish, it is possible to construct a complex, elaborate and highly artistic structure that cannot be achieved by simply laminating or spraying a hydraulic mixture. The term "hydraulic mixture" refers to materials including various cementitious materials (eg, cement paste, mortar, concrete, etc.), geopolymer compositions, and the like.

Further, in the method for constructing a structure according to the present invention, the finishing section includes a first processing section that performs processing to form a first type of unevenness on the surface of the structure; A second processing unit that performs processing to form a second type of unevenness that is different from the first type may be provided.

In the method for constructing a structure configured as described above, the first processing unit forms the first type of unevenness on the surface of the structure. A second type of unevenness different from the first type is formed on the surface of the structure by the second processing part. Therefore, since the surface of the structure is subjected to the first type of processing and the second type of processing, a more artistic structure can be constructed.

In the structure construction method according to the present invention, the finishing section may be connected to the additional manufacturing section.

In the construction method for a structure configured in this way, the finishing section is connected to the additional manufacturing section. Therefore, the finishing section and the additional manufacturing section can be operated in conjunction with each other.

In the structure construction method according to the present invention, the finishing section may be provided separately from the additional manufacturing section.

In the construction method for a structure configured as described above, the finishing section is provided separately from the additional manufacturing section. Therefore, by separating the device provided with the finishing section and the additional manufacturing device provided with the additional manufacturing section, each device can be miniaturized.

According to the method of constructing a structure according to the present invention, a highly artistic structure can be manufactured using an additive manufacturing apparatus.

It is a front view which shows the construction method of the structure which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. 1 is a perspective view showing a construction method of a structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a front view which shows the construction method of the structure which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the construction method of the structure which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is an example of surface finishing by the construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example using a part of construction method of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
A construction method for a structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case of processing to form unevenness on the surface of a concrete structure such as a wall or a pillar will be described. A structure construction method includes a structure construction process and a finishing process.

As shown in FIG. 1, an additive manufacturing apparatus 1 is used. The additional manufacturing apparatus 1 has an additional manufacturing section 10 and a finishing section 20 .

The additional manufacturing section 10 has a nozzle 11 , a lifter section 12 , a self-propelled section 13 and a hose 14 . The lifter part 12 supports the nozzle 11 and a hose 14 that supplies an unhardened (unset) concrete fluid (hydraulic mixture) 31 to the nozzle 11, and raises and lowers the nozzle 11 to a predetermined height. The self-propelled portion 13 is connected to the lifter portion 12 . The self-propelled portion 13 is self-propelled in a predetermined location and moves the nozzle 11 in conjunction with the lifter portion 12 . A concrete fluid 31 is discharged from the nozzle 11 . The concrete fluid 31 is discharged from the nozzle 11 so as to be extruded. The configuration of the additional manufacturing unit 10 is not particularly limited. The additive manufacturing unit 10 may be remotely operable.

Concrete fluid 31, which is an example of a hydraulic mixture, refers to materials including various cementitious materials (eg, cement paste, mortar, concrete, etc.), geopolymer compositions, and the like. The hydraulic mixture may also be stucco.

The finishing section 20 has first processing means 21 and second processing means 26 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the first processing means 21 has a first connecting portion 22 , a first arm portion 23 and a first processing portion 24 . The first connection portion 22 is connected to the lifter portion 12 . Note that the first connection portion 22 may be connected to a portion of the additional manufacturing portion 10 other than the lifter portion 12 . The first arm portion 23 extends from the first connecting portion 22 . In the first arm portion 23, a plurality of first arm members 23a are connected to each other through first joint portions 23b so as to be deformable. The first processed portion 24 is provided at the tip portion of the first arm portion 23 . The first processing unit 24 is a brush or a guide plate capable of leveling the surface 3f of the concrete fluid 31 (structure 3) (processing to form the first type of unevenness), and roughly processing the surface 3f. apply.

The second processing means 26 has a second connecting portion 27 , a second arm portion 28 and a second processing portion 29 . The second connection portion 27 is connected to the lifter portion 12 . The second connecting portion 27 may be connected to a portion of the additional manufacturing portion 10 other than the lifter portion 12 . The second arm portion 28 extends from the second connection portion 27 . A plurality of second arm members 28a of the second arm portion 28 are deformably connected to each other via second joint portions 28b. The second processed portion 29 is provided at the tip portion of the second arm portion 28 . The second processing unit 29 is a spatula capable of scraping or heaping the concrete fluid 31 from the surface 3f of the concrete fluid 31 (structure 3) (processing to form a second type of unevenness), Fine processing is applied to the surface 3f.

The first processing means 21 and the second processing means 26 are movable in conjunction with the lifter section 12 of the additional manufacturing section 10 . The finishing unit 20 may include a learning unit (not shown) capable of learning using AI (artificial intelligence) and capable of highly artistic three-dimensional decorative finishing.

In the structure construction process, the concrete fluid 31 is discharged from the nozzle 11 of the additional manufacturing unit 10 and laminated upward from the bottom to construct the structure 3 having a predetermined shape. In addition, the structure which discharges so that the concrete fluid 31 may be sprayed (jetted) from the nozzle 11, and construct|assembles the structure 3 of a predetermined shape may be sufficient. The object to be sprayed at this time may be a horizontal surface, a vertical surface, or a surface with a slope.

In the finishing process, the first processing section 24 and the second processing section 29 of the finishing section 20 perform processing to form irregularities on the surface 3f of the structure 3 before the concrete fluid 31 is solidified. First, the first processing means 21 accesses the surface 3f of the structure 3, and the first processing section 24 forms the intermediate finished surface 3a in which the surface 3f is roughened. The second processing means 26 accesses the intermediate finished surface 3a leveled by the first processing unit 24, and the second processing unit 29 scrapes or builds the concrete fluid 31 from the intermediate finished surface 3a. A finished surface 3b is formed. The surface 3f is partially smoothed by the first processing unit 24 to form an intermediate finished surface 3a, and the other portion of the surface 3f is ground by the second processing unit 29 to remove the concrete fluid 31 from the surface 3f. It may be configured such that the intermediate finished surface 3a and the final finished surface 3b coexist on the surface 3f of the structure 3 finally by forming the final finished surface 3b that is piled up. In addition, before the concrete fluid 31 sets, it means that the penetration resistance value measured by the penetration resistance tester in JISA1147:2019 Concrete Setting Time Test Method is 8 N/mm ² or less.

In the method of constructing a structure configured as described above, the structure 3 is constructed by discharging the concrete fluid 31 from the additional manufacturing unit 10 of the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 . Before the concrete fluid 31 solidifies, the surface 3f of the structure 3 is processed by the finishing section 20 to form irregularities. Therefore, by forming unevenness on the surface 3f of the structure 3 to give it a three-dimensional decorative finish, it is possible to construct a complex, precise and highly artistic structure 3 that cannot be achieved by simply laminating or spraying the concrete fluid 31. can be done.

Further, the surface 3f of the structure 3 is smoothed by the first processing portion 24 to form an intermediate finished surface 3a. The second processing unit 29 scrapes or builds up the concrete fluid 31 from the surface 3f of the structure 3 to form the final finished surface 3b. Therefore, the surface 3f of the structure 3 is smoothed and the concrete fluid 31 is scraped or piled up, so that the structure 3 can be constructed with a higher artistic quality.

Also, the finishing section 20 is connected to the additional manufacturing section 10 . Therefore, the finishing section 20 and the additional manufacturing section 10 can be operated in conjunction with each other.

In addition, since the three-dimensional decorative finish on the surface 3f of the structure 3 is constructed with a material integrated with the structure 3, there is no risk of peeling off unlike a relief panel installed on the surface 3f of the structure 3 afterward. , excellent in durability and weather resistance.

In addition, since even the large surface 3f of the structure 3 can be seamlessly finished, it is highly artistic.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a method for constructing a structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. In addition, in the embodiment shown below, the same reference numerals are given to the portions having substantially the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, an additive manufacturing system 1A is used. The additive manufacturing system 1A has an additive manufacturing device 10A and a finishing device 20A. In this embodiment, the additional manufacturing device 10A and the finishing device 20A are not connected and are provided separately (independently).

The additional manufacturing device 10A has an additional manufacturing section 10 . That is, the additional manufacturing apparatus 10A has a nozzle 11, a lifter section 12, a self-propelled section 13, and a hose .

The finishing device 20</b>A has a lifter section 41 , a self-propelled section 42 and a finishing section 20 . That is, the finishing device 20A has a lifter portion 41, a self-propelled portion 42, a first processing means 21, and a second processing means 26. As shown in FIG.

The self-propelled portion 42 is capable of self-propelled in a predetermined location. The lifter portion 41 is connected to the self-propelled portion 42 . As shown in FIG. 4, the first processing means 21 and the second processing means 26 are provided at the tip of the lifter section 41 of the additional manufacturing apparatus 10A. The lifter portion 41 moves the first processing portion 24 of the first processing means 21 and the second processing portion 29 of the second processing means 26 . The finishing device 20A may be remotely operable.

In the method for constructing a structure configured as described above, the structure 3 is constructed by discharging the concrete fluid 31 from the additional manufacturing unit 10 of the additional manufacturing apparatus 10A. Before the concrete fluid 31 solidifies, the surface 3f of the structure 3 is processed by the finishing section 20 to form irregularities. Therefore, by forming unevenness on the surface 3f of the structure 3 to give it a three-dimensional decorative finish, it is possible to construct a complex and elaborate structure 3 with high artistic quality that cannot be achieved by simply laminating or spraying the concrete fluid 31. can be done.

Further, the finishing section 20 is provided separately from the additional manufacturing section 10 . Therefore, by separating the finishing device 20A having the finishing section 20 and the additional manufacturing device 10A having the additional manufacturing section 10, the finishing device 20A and the additional manufacturing device 10A can be made smaller. . In particular, since the finishing device 20A does not supply the concrete fluid 31 and only has a lightweight tool such as a brush or a spatula, a compact and lightweight industrial robot can be employed.

The assembly procedures, shapes, combinations, etc. of each component shown in the above-described embodiment are merely examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements without departing from the gist of the present invention.

For example, the first processing unit 24 and the second processing unit 29 can be suitably used as long as they can process the surface 3f of the concrete fluid 31 to form irregularities other than brushes and spatulas. For example, after smoothing the surface 3f of the concrete fluid 31 with a trowel, it may be processed to form irregularities in the second processing unit.

Further, in the present embodiment shown above, the finishing section 20 includes two types of processing sections, the first processing section 24 and the second processing section 29, but may include three or more types of processing means. . If the number of processing parts is large, workability is good because many processing operations for forming unevenness can be performed in parallel. Moreover, it is also possible to process a plurality of surfaces such as the front surface 3f and the back surface (the surface opposite to the front surface 3f) of the structure 3. On the other hand, only one processing unit having a spatula may perform all the processing operations. Moreover, a hydraulic mixture may additionally be sprayed onto the surface 3f of the structure 3 formed by the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 to form more three-dimensional unevenness.

In addition, a coating may be applied to protect the surface 3f of the structure 3 and prevent deterioration. A coating that enhances durability, weather resistance, and antifouling properties such as a photocatalyst may be used in combination. Alternatively, the surface 3f of the structure 3 may be colored, or a colored concrete fluid mixed with pigment may be used.

It is also possible to embed a lighting fixture such as an LED lamp in a predetermined position with a small robot before the concrete fluid 31 solidifies. For example, it is possible to illuminate the eyes drawn with three-dimensional decorations by incorporating lighting fixtures.

In addition, in combination with stereolithography or a metal 3D printer, it is also possible to integrate different finishing materials by penetrating a modeled object into the concrete fluid 31 before the concrete fluid 31 solidifies. This also makes it possible to construct glossy parts.

In addition, when combined with a 3D scanner, it is possible to replicate and restore arbitrary shapes in three dimensions.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 33, a surface material installation process for installing the tiles 4 on the surface 3f of the structure 3 may be performed in parallel with the finishing process. That is, unevenness is formed on a part of the surface 3f of the structure 3, and the tiles 4 are installed on the other part of the surface 3f of the structure 3. As shown in FIG. In addition to the tiles 4, a solar panel, a lighting panel, or the like may be installed on the surface 3f of the structure 3.

In the surface material installation process, a mechanical device such as the robot arm 51 is used to cause the vacuum suction pad 52 provided at the tip of the robot arm 51 to suction the finished surface 4f of the tile 4 . A tile 4 is pressed against the surface 3 f of the structure 3 . An installation surface 4 b of the tile 4 that is installed on the surface 3 f of the structure 3 is formed with a recess 4 a recessed in the plate thickness direction of the tile 4 . The installation surface 4b of the tile 4 has an uneven shape by forming the concave portion 4a. The unhardened concrete fluid 31 enters the recesses 4a of the tiles 4, and the tiles 4 and the structure 3 are integrated. Thus, the tiles 4 can be placed on the surface 3f of the structure 3 made of the concrete fluid 31 discharged from the additional manufacturing apparatus 1 before the concrete fluid 31 solidifies. Therefore, materials such as adhesives for adhering the tiles 4 are not required, and since the tiles 4 are installed on the structure 3 before the concrete fluid 31 hardens, the construction can be completed quickly, resulting in good workability. Further, the integrity between the structure 3 and the tiles 4 is enhanced, and the peeling of the tiles 4 is suppressed.

Reference Signs List 1 Additional manufacturing device 1A Additional manufacturing system 3 Structure 3a Intermediate finished surface 3b Final finished surface 3f Surface 10 Additional manufacturing unit 10A Additional manufacturing unit 20 Finishing unit 20A Finishing unit 21 First Processing means 24 First processing unit 26 Second processing unit 29 Second processing unit 31 Hydraulic mixture

Claims (4)

A structure construction step of discharging a hydraulic mixture from an additive manufacturing unit of an additive manufacturing device to construct a structure;
and a finishing process for forming irregularities on the surface of the structure by a finishing unit before the hydraulic mixture is solidified. The finishing part is
a first processing unit that performs processing to form a first type of unevenness on the surface of the structure;
2. The method of constructing a structure according to claim 1, further comprising a second processing section that processes the surface of the structure to form a second type of unevenness different from the first type. 3. The method of constructing a structure according to claim 1, wherein the finishing section is connected to the additional manufacturing section. 3. The method of constructing a structure according to claim 1, wherein the finishing section is provided separately from the additional manufacturing section.

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