JP2021523181A - D−リボース及びビタミンb3により哺乳動物におけるnadレベルを上昇する方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
D−リボース及びビタミンb3により哺乳動物におけるnadレベルを上昇する方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
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- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/455—Nicotinic acids, e.g. niacin; Derivatives thereof, e.g. esters, amides
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- A61K31/7052—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
- A61K31/706—Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides containing six-membered rings with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
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Abstract
【選択図】図5
Description
ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド(NAD)は、細胞生命の中心であり;第一に、分解され且つ栄養分をアデノシン三リン酸(ATP)の形状のエネルギーへ変換することにより、酸化−還元(レドックス)反応及びエネルギー産生のための再利用可能な補酵素として;第二に、遺伝子発現、DNA修復、細胞死及び細胞周期、カルシウムシグナル伝達、グルコースホメオスタシス、及び概日リズムを含む、極めて重要な生物学的プロセスを制御する酵素反応において消費可能な基質としてである。
NAD合成に関して4種の経路が存在する:
経路#1:以下のように示される、ニコチンアミド(Nam)のサルベージ経路:
Nam + PRPP → NMN + ATP → NAD
経路#2:以下のように示される、ニコチン酸(Na)のサルベージ経路:
Na + PRPP →NaMN + ATP →NaAD →NAD
経路#3:以下のように示される、アミノ酸トリプトファンからのデノボ生合成経路:
トリプトファン(tryptophin) →NAD
経路#4:以下のように示される、ニコチンアミドリボシド(NR):
NR + ATP →NAD
ここで:
Nam=ニコチンアミド;
PRPP=ホスホリボシルピロリン酸(phosphor-ribose-pyrophosphate);
NMN=ニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチド;
NAD=ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド;
Na=ニコチン酸(ナイアシン);
PP=ピロリン酸。
18匹の雄のスプラーグダルウェイラットを、本試験の被験動物として選択し、6つの処置群の各々について3匹とした。雄のスプラーグダルウェイラットは、信頼できる結果を伴う類似の実験において広範に使用されているので、これを選択した。1群につき3匹のラットの使用は、データのグラフ表示について有用な平均及び標準偏差を計算するのに必要な最小数をもたらす。
参加基準:5日間の投薬期間中、18匹のラットは全て生存し、外見上は健康に見えた。
盲検:全ての試験は、盲検方式で行った。本試験に関与した研究スタッフは全員、自分達が試験するラットの群割付けを知らない。1名のスタッフメンバーが、投薬溶液(dose solution)を調製し、溶液のシリンジをコード化し(例えば、1−6)、及び盲検(処置キー)を作製した。
群割付け:ラットは、−1日目の体重を基に、その群の平均がほぼ同等となるように、処置群に割付けた。ラットは、体重、並びに本試験の処置群の総数に従い階層化された亜群内で無作為に割付けられた処置によりランク化した。
対照物質:ビヒクル(水中0.5%MC/0.1%Tween80);被覆されたニコチンアミド。
被験物質:投与容積10ml/kgで、投与量100、300、900及び2700mg/kgの強制的に経口により、5連続日1日2回投与される、12%ニコチンアミド+D−リボース。
投薬:注入される被験物質又は対照物質の容積は、10ml/kgであった。所定の動物セットにわたる処置の分布が推定されないように、ラットには、動物番号を基にした順番で投薬した。
1.RiaGev(ニコチンアミドと組合せたD−リボース)の薬力学
経時的な血中のNADレベルを、図5に表した。RiaGev摂取後、NADレベルは、投与量に依存した様式で、全ての用量で安定して増加した。NADレベルは、4日目の補給(8投与量)後に、それらのプラトーに達した。
5日目の補給の終了時に、組織を採取し、且つそれらのNAD代謝産物の含量について分析した。肝臓、筋肉及び脳内のNAD含量を、図8に表している。図8に示したように、RiaGev由来のNADの最高レベルが、肝臓において検出された。肝臓はまた、バックグラウンドNADの最高レベルも有する。脳は、NADプールに関する二番目の臓器であり、筋肉はそれよりやや少なかった。
本実験は、ニコチンアミドと組合せたD−リボース(RiaGev)は、体内において、NAD、MNN、及びNRを含む、NAD代謝産物のレベルを効果的に上昇することを明らかにしている。分析した全ての臓器及び組織に関して、正の投与量−反応関係が、RiaGevとNAD代謝産物の含量の間に存在する。5日間の時間経過実験は、RiaGev由来のNADレベルは、累積し、且つ経口補給の4日目(8投与量)以後、血液中でプラトーに達することを指摘している。投与量に対する血液中のNADのプラトー濃度は、図11にまとめている。
Claims (14)
- D−リボース又はビタミンB3を伴うD−リボースの有効量を哺乳動物へ投与することにより、哺乳動物におけるNADレベルを増加する方法であって、ここで前記ビタミンB3が、ナイアシン、ニコチンアミド、ニコチンアミドリボシド又はニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチドのいずれかを含む、方法。
- 前記有効量が、ビタミンB3のD−リボースに対する比が0.5:10〜10:0.5となる量である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記有効量が、ビタミンB3のD−リボースに対する比が1:5〜5:1となる量である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記有効量が、20mg〜5400mg/日である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記有効量が、100mg〜4000mg/日である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物が活動的又は活動寸前である時点で、前記有効量が前記哺乳動物へ投与される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物が昼行性である場合、前記有効量が日中に前記哺乳動物へ投与される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記有効量が午前中に投与される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物が夜行性である場合、前記有効量が夜間に前記哺乳動物へ投与される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- D−リボース又はビタミンB3を伴うD−リボースの有効量を含む、哺乳動物におけるNADレベルを増加するために投与される組成物であって、ここで前記ビタミンB3が、ナイアシン、ニコチンアミド、ニコチンアミドリボシド又はニコチンアミドモノヌクレオチドのいずれかを含む、組成物。
- 前記有効量が、ビタミンB3のD−リボースに対する比が0.5:10〜10:0.5となる量である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記有効量が、ビタミンB3のD−リボースに対する比が1:5〜5:1となる量である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記有効量が、20mg〜5400mg/日である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 前記有効量が、100mg〜4000mg/日である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
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