JP2021514455A - エンジンと最終トランスミッションシャフト間に、変速装置を使用せずにトルク及び動力を選択、供給及び伝達するシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
エンジンと最終トランスミッションシャフト間に、変速装置を使用せずにトルク及び動力を選択、供給及び伝達するシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/60—Electric Machines, e.g. motors or generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/70—Gearings
- B60Y2400/73—Planetary gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
- F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
Abstract
Description
c)前記エネルギー源のいくつかは同じ構成を有し、前記エネルギー源のいくつかは異なる特徴を有してもよい。
回転力を発生する電動源、モーター、機械又は機構(以降、「モーター」)は、好ましくは、サンギア(中央歯車)に接続されて、選択ブレーキ及び/又はクラッチ機構を、遊星歯車列(遊星歯車)に、直接接続によって、減速的乗算器の使用を通して、チェーンによって、ベルト手段によって、及び/又は、結合機能を満足する任意の代替の手段によって、のいずれかによって適用することができる。このモーターは、次に、任意の結合手段によって、他の駆動源にも接続されることができ、それは電気機械(以降、「EM1」とする)であることができ、選択的に結合及び結合解除するように作用するクラッチ機構を、その接続にも適用し、他の衛星歯車列に結合されることもできる。キャリア(サンギアをリングギアにリンクする走行ギア)は、シャフト又は最終トランスミッション機構に、適切な任意の手段によってリンクされることができ、変速装置を使用することなく、それを行うことを可能とする。リングギア(外歯車)は、選択作動ブレーキ及び/又はクラッチ機構にリンクされ、任意の適切な手段によって、第2電源にリンクされて、それは電気的であり(以降、EM2)、臨時的な又は連続した手法によって、それらの結合を解除して異なるrpmで回転させる、又は、それらを結合して同じrpmで回転させることが可能な任意なリンク機構を介して、EM1にもリンクされ、他の衛星歯車機構にもリンクされることが可能である。
車両を動かすために、サンギア及び/又はサンギアとEM1に接続されているモーターが駆動される。そのような状況において、あるrpmで回転するモーターは、選択されたリンク関係に応じて、それに連動するEM1を同じ又は異なるrpmで回転させる。EM1及び/又はEM2は、このとき、リングギアから離れたままであり、ブレーキがリングギアに加えられ、リングギアが与えられたブレーキによって停止したまま、キャリアをサンギアよりも低いrpmで回転させる。新しい機構を使用することで、変速装置付きの通常のトランスミッションの使用を略することができるので、キャリアのrpmは、例えば、直接、車両の差動装置に加えられる。
電気機械を使用しない実施形態が図3に示される。図3は、他の代表的な接続図を表し、ライン1 301上において、モーター302は、クラッチ303を介して、第1遊星歯車システム305のサンギア1に接続され、第2接続307によって、クラッチ309と歯車減速組立体311を介して、第2遊星歯車システム313のキャリア2に接続されている。ライン2 315は、クラッチC 317を介して通過する、第1遊星システム305のリングギア1と歯車減速組立体311の出力間の接続を示し、ライン3 319において、クラッチD 321を介しして通過する、第2遊星システム313のサンギア2と第1遊星システム305のリングギア1間の接続が確認され、リングギア1とブレーキ1 323の接続と、リングギア2とブレーキ2 325の接続も確認される。
この説明の理解を容易にするための目的のみに、一例として、実施形態において、リングギアの径が、サンギアの径の2倍とするが、異なる状況や異なる要求においては、同じ又は異なる衛星群の要素間の異なる関係が優先する場合がある。この作動モードは、モーターがサンギアに接続されると、モーターが回転して、最終トランスミッションシャフトにサンギアのrpmの1/3を受け入れさせる。サンギアにおけるrpmとキャリアの出力におけるrpm間の比を増加するために、好ましい構成においては、電気モーターをリングギアに結合することで、例えば電子指令ユニット(ECU)によって、そのrpmをサンギア及びキャリアと同じ方向に管理し、リングギアが停止された以前の状態から、電気モーターのrpmを徐々に増加させることが可能となり、電気モーターのrpmがモーター及びサンギアのそれらと等しくなる時点まで、キャリアのrpmを徐々に増加させ、そこで、それらキャリア及びリングギアのrpmが等しくなり、モーターのrpmと最終トランスミッションシャフトへのrpm間の比を1:1とすることができる。増速歯車を得ることが所望されると、サンギアに対してリングギアに関連する電気モーターにおけるrpmを越えることが十分である。バックギアを生成するためには、リングギアと結合する電気モーターを、サンギアとキャリアとは反対の方向に回転させることが必要である。
図2は、代表的な接続図を示し、ICE 202がクラッチ222を介して乗算器224に接続され、遊星歯車システム204、206、208の中央ギア204に接続され、ブレーキ220にも接続されている。乗算器224は、EM1 210に接続され、他のクラッチ226を介して、EM2 212に接続され、ブレーキ228と、遊星歯車システム204、206、208のリングギア208に接続されている。遊星歯車システム204、206、208のキャリア206は、最終トランスミッションシャフト214に直接接続されている。最終トランスミッションシャフト214は、車輪232、234を駆動する差動装置230を直接駆動する。乗算器224は、空調機、水/オイル/真空ポンプ236をEM1 210とICE 202に接続している。
図2に記載されるものと同様の構成において、サンブレーキ220が作動され、クラッチ222が、モーター202とEM1 210間の係合を解除し、クラッチ226が、EM1 210とEM2 212間を係合する。クラッチがエンジンとサンギア間に配置されると(図3、図4、図5のように)、エンジン202がオンのままとなり、そうでなければ、サンブレーキ220が作動された各時点でオフに切り替わり、トランスミッション214の最終シャフトを通過して、キャリア206を動かし、EM1 210及びEM2 212を動かし、蓄積されることが可能なエネルギーを発生する。逆に、EM1 210及びEM2 212が共に結合していない場合、制動によるエネルギーの回収は、EM2 212で実行されるのみである。
例えば、二つのEMモードにおいて、システムに、EM2 212とリングブレーキ228間のクラッチを提供することは、強い加速を発生することを可能とする。ブレーキR 228を適用して、リングギア208とEM2 212間のクラッチ(図4のクラッチ472と同様)を作動させ、EM1 210とEM2 212を結合することで、両電気モーターは、停止位置から開始された際にモーター202を補助する。
Claims (18)
- エネルギーの供給及び回収可能なハイブリッド又はマイルドハイブリッドモータリゼーションシステムにおける駆動機構であって、
一つ以上の遊星歯車システムを備え、前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムのそれぞれは、サンギア、リングギア、及び、走行ギアを含むキャリア、を含み、
各遊星歯車システムの前記サンギア、及び/又はリングギア、及び/又はキャリアは、一つ以上のエネルギー源と接続され、
前記一つ以上のエネルギー源の少なくとも一つは、遊星歯車システムの前記サンギア、及び/又は前記リングギア、及び/又はキャリアに、歯車装置、及び/又はクラッチ、及び/又はブレーキを介して接続され、
一つ以上の前記エネルギー源は、前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの一つ以上の出力回転のレギュレータとして動作するように構成され、前記エネルギー源の前記一つ以上によって調整された前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムは、出力パワー及びrpmに対する入力パワー及びrpmの、選択的な可変比を有するように構成され、最終トランスミッションシャフトに接続してパワーを投入し、回転を調整することを可能にする駆動機構。 - a)前記エネルギー源のそれぞれは同じ特徴を有し;又は
b)前記エネルギー源のそれぞれは異なる特徴を有し;又は
c)前記エネルギー源のいくつかは同じ構成を有し、前記エネルギー源のいくつかは異なる特徴を有している、請求項1の駆動機構。 - 前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの一つ以上は、一つ以上の追加のサンギア、リングギア及び/又はキャリアを備える、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記調整された遊星歯車システムの出力rpm及びパワーに対する、入力rpm及びパワーの前記選択的な可変比は、前記出力rpmを、変速装置の必要なく、停止から、前記駆動機構で達成可能な任意の高い回転速度へ徐々に調整することを可能にする、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記一つ以上のエネルギー源の前記少なくとも一つを、前記遊星歯車システムの前記サンギア、前記リングギア、及び/又は前記キャリアに接続するクラッチ及び/又はブレーキを制御し、出力パワー及びrpmに対する、入力パワー及びrpmの前記比を選択するように構成された制御ユニットを更に備える、請求項1の駆動機構
- 前記制御ユニットは、前記一つ以上のエネルギー源及び前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの前記回転速度を制御して、前記トランスミッションの前記最終シャフトで所望の回転速度を達成するように、更に構成されている、請求項5の駆動機構。
- 前記制御ユニットは、前記一つ以上のエネルギー源及び前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの前記回転速度を、複数のオプションから選択して、効率を最大とするように、更に構成されている、請求項5の駆動機構。
- 前記一つ以上のエネルギー源は、前記遊星歯車システムの少なくとも一つを介して、最終制御システムを介した前記最終トランスミッションシャフトに、トランスミッションなしに接続されている一つ以上のモーターを備える、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記一つ以上のエネルギー源は、発電機として及びエンジンとして二者択一的に機能するように構成された一つ以上の電気モーターを備える、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記遊星歯車システムは、前記エネルギー源のいくつか又は全てを前記最終トランスミッションシャフトに、最終減速歯車又は他の最終制御システムによって結合する、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記エネルギー源は、前記ハイブリッド又はマイルドハイブリッドモータリゼーションシステムを備える車両の減速及び制動中にエネルギーを回収するように構成された一つ以上の電気機械を備える、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記エネルギー源は、前記ハイブリッド又はマイルドハイブリッドモータリゼーションシステムを備える車両が停止、又は、その移動を継続するエネルギーが不要の場合、前記駆動機構の他の成分の回転運動からエネルギーを発生するように構成された一つ以上の電気機械を備える、請求項1の駆動機構。
- 前記エネルギー源は、内燃機関エンジン及び一つ以上の電気機械を備え、
前記内燃機関エンジンは、前記遊星歯車システムのうちの第1遊星歯車システムの前記サンギアに接続され、前記一つ以上の電気機械は、歯車装置及び/又は一つ以上のクラッチ及び/又は一つ以上のブレーキを介して、前記第1遊星歯車システムの前記リングギアに接続され、前記第1遊星歯車システムの前記キャリアは、車両の前記差動装置に接続され、
前記第1遊星歯車システムは、前記第1遊星歯車システムの前記キャリアの回転速度と前記第1遊星歯車システムの前記リングギア及びサンギアの回転速度との間の所定の関係を与えるように構成され、
さらに、前記電気機械を前記第1遊星歯車システムの前記リングギアに接続するクラッチ及び/又はブレーキを制御して、前記キャリアでの選択された出力rpmを得つつ、前記キャリアでの出力パワー及びrpmに対する、前記サンギアでの入力パワー及びrpmの前記比を選択するように構成された制御ユニットを更に備える、請求項1の駆動機構。 - 駆動機構の使用方法であって、
前記駆動機構は、一つ以上の遊星歯車システムを備え、
前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムのそれぞれは、一つ以上のサンギア、一つ以上のリングギア、及び、走行ギアを含む一つ以上のキャリアを備え、
それぞれの遊星歯車システムの少なくとも一つのサンギア、及び/又は一つのリングギア、及び/又は一つのキャリアは、一組以上の歯車装置、及び/又は一つ以上のクラッチ、及び/又は一つ以上のブレーキを介して、一つ以上のエネルギー源と接続され、前記エネルギー源の一つ以上は、前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの一つ以上の出力回転数のレギュレータとして動作するように構成され、前記エネルギー源の前記一つ以上によって調整された前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムは、出力パワー及びrpmに対する、入力パワー及びrpmの選択的な可変比を有するように構成され、前記最終トランスミッションシャフトに接続してパワーを投入し、回転数を調整することを可能とし、
前記駆動機構は、前記一つ以上のエネルギー源の前記少なくとも一つを、前記遊星歯車システムの前記サンギア、前記リングギア、及び/又は、前記キャリアに接続する前記クラッチ及び/又はブレーキを制御し、前記一つ以上のエネルギー源の前記回転数を制御するように構成された制御ユニットを更に備え、
前記一つ以上のエネルギー源の前記少なくとも一つを、前記遊星歯車システムの前記サンギア、前記リングギア、及び/又は前記キャリアに接続する前記クラッチ及び/又はブレーキを制御して、出力パワー及びrpmに対する、入力パワー及びrpmの前記比を選択し、
前記一つ以上のエネルギー源と前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの前記回転数を制御して、前記トランスミッションの前記最終シャフトでの所望の回転速度を達成し、
前記一つ以上のエネルギー源と前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムの前記回転数を、複数のオプションから選択して効率を最大化する、駆動機構の使用方法。 - 非ハイブリッドモータリゼーションシステムにおける駆動機構であって、
一つ以上のエネルギー源に接続される一つ以上の遊星歯車システムを備え、
前記遊星歯車システムのうちの第1遊星歯車システムは、前記エネルギー源のうちの特定の一つのエネルギー源が第1回転速度で作動している場合、前記特定のエネルギー源に接続されるように構成され、前記遊星歯車システムのうちの少なくとも一つの第2遊星歯車システムは、前記特定のエネルギー源が前記第1回転速度とは異なる第2回転速度で作動している場合、前記特定のエネルギー源に接続するように構成され、
前記第1遊星歯車システムのサンギア、及び/又はキャリア、及び/又はリングギアは、前記少なくとも一つの第2遊星歯車システムのサンギア、及び/又はキャリア、及び/又はリングギアにリンクされ、前記第1遊星歯車システムは、出力パワー及び回転速度に対する入力パワー及び回転速度の選択的な可変比を有し、最終トランスミッションシャフトに直接接続されるように構成されている、駆動機構。 - 前記第1遊星歯車システムは、歯車装置、及び/又はクラッチ、及び/又はブレーキを介して、前記少なくとも一つの第2遊星歯車システムにリンクされている、請求項15の駆動機構。
- 前記第1遊星歯車システムを、前記少なくとも一つの第2遊星歯車システムにリンクさせる前記クラッチ及び/又はブレーキを制御し、及び/又は、前記エネルギー源の前記回転速度を制御し、前記第1遊星歯車システムの出力パワー及び回転速度に対する入力パワー及び回転速度の前記比を選択し、前記最終トランスミッションシャフトの所望の回転速度を達成するように構成された制御ユニットを更に備える、請求項16の駆動機構。
- 前記エネルギー源のうちの前記特定のエネルギー源が前記第1回転速度で動作している場合、前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムのうちの前記第1遊星歯車システムを前記エネルギー源のうちの前記特定のエネルギー源に接続し、
前記エネルギー源のうちの前記特定のエネルギー源が前記第1回転速度とは異なる前記第2回転速度で動作している場合、前記遊星歯車システムのうちの前記第2遊星歯車システムを前記特定のエネルギー源に接続し、
前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムのうちの前記第1遊星歯車システムを、前記少なくとも一つの第2遊星歯車システムにリンクさせ、
前記一つ以上の遊星システムのうちの前記第1遊星歯車システムに対して、出力パワー及び回転速度に対する入力パワー及び回転速度の選的な可変比を与え、
前記一つ以上の遊星歯車システムのうちの前記第1遊星歯車システムを、前記最終トランスミッションシャフトに直接接続する、請求項15の駆動機構の使用方法。
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US62/632,444 | 2018-02-20 | ||
PCT/US2019/018801 WO2019194909A2 (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2019-02-20 | Systems and methods for selecting, dosing and transmitting torque and power between engines and final transmission shafts without the use of a gearbox |
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