JP2021158922A - Vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vegetable harvester improved in workability and working efficiency in view of the fact that a conventional carrot harvester has poor workability and working efficiency due to the fact that the gauge wheels thereof are adjusted in a height by manual operation, and a height of a front end of a pulling transport device from a field is in a prescribed position, so that an operator needs to adjust a height of the gauge wheels as needed correspondingly with the high-low change of a field surface.SOLUTION: A vegetable harvester which is equipped with a lifting operation tool 14 for operating a work height of a harvesting part C in a travel part A for traveling a machine body and an operation part B is such that: a grounding body 29 is provided for vertically moving following a height change of a field surface; grounding body position detection sensors 40a-40f are provided for detecting vertical movement positions of the grounding body 29; a setting operation tool 42 is provided for setting a reference position of the vertical movement positions of the grounding body 29; and the harvesting part C is controlled in vertical movements so that the grounding body 29 is in a reference position set by the setting operation tool 42.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a vegetable harvester that harvests vegetables such as carrots and onions.

Conventionally, in a carrot harvester in which the foliage of carrots vegetated in a field while traveling is sandwiched by a pull-out transport device and transported upward to pull out and harvest the roots, the height of the front end of the pull-out transport device from the field is set to a predetermined position. Some have a gauge ring. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-27352

However, since the gauge wheel of the carrot harvester described in Patent Document 1 manually adjusts the height to set the height of the front end of the drawing and transporting device from the field to a predetermined position, the height of the field scene is high or low. The operator had to adjust the height of the gauge wheel at any time in response to the change, resulting in poor workability and work efficiency.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a vegetable harvester having improved workability and work efficiency.

The invention according to claim 1 follows a change in the height of a field scene in a vegetable harvester equipped with an elevating operation tool 14 for operating the working height of the harvesting unit C in the traveling unit A and the control unit B for traveling the aircraft. 24 This is a vegetable harvester that controls the vertical movement of the harvesting unit C so that the grounding body 29 is at the reference position set by the setting operation tool 42.

According to the invention of claim 1, the ground contact body 29 that moves up and down according to the height change of the field scene is provided, and the ground contact body position detection sensors 40a to 40f that detect the vertical movement position of the ground contact body 29 are provided. A setting operation tool 42 for setting the reference position of the vertical movement position of the ground contact body 29 is provided, and the harvesting unit C is controlled to move up and down so that the ground contact body 29 becomes the reference position set by the setting operation tool 42. If the worker adjusts the working height of the harvesting portion C to an appropriate height by operating the elevating operation tool 14 according to the height of the field scene during the harvesting work, even if the height of the field scene changes, After that, the working height of the harvesting unit C is automatically controlled to an appropriate height, the appropriate harvesting work can be performed with good workability, and the work efficiency is also improved.

The invention according to claim 2 is the vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein the setting operation tool 42 is provided on the elevating operation tool 14.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, since the setting operation tool 42 is provided on the elevating operation tool 14, the operation of the harvesting unit C is performed by the operation of the elevating operation tool 14. When the height is adjusted to an appropriate height, the setting operation tool 42 can be easily operated, and the workability is further improved.

The invention according to claim 3 comprises a proximity sensor in which the ground contact body position detection sensors 40a to 40f are arranged in parallel, and the ground contact body 29 is composed of a gauge ring provided on a rotating arm 36 that rotates up and down. The vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the detection protrusions 41 provided on the rotating arm 36 are detected by the sensors 40a to 40f to detect the vertical movement position of the gauge wheel 29.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the ground body 29 is composed of proximity sensors in which ground body position detection sensors 40a to 40f are arranged in parallel. It is composed of gauge wheels provided on the rotating arm 36 that rotates up and down, and the proximity sensors 40a to 40f detect the detection protrusion 41 provided on the rotating arm 36 to detect the vertical movement position of the gauge ring 29. The vertical movement position of the gauge wheel 29 can be detected with a simple configuration.

The invention according to claim 4 is provided with a pull-out transport device 24 in which the harvesting section C sandwiches the foliage portions of vegetables such as carrots in the field with the left and right pinch transport belts 18 and 18 and pulls them out from the field. The vegetable harvester according to any one of 3 to 3.

It is a side view of the carrot harvester of one Example of this invention. It is a top view of the carrot harvester of one Example of this invention. It is an enlarged side view of the main part of one Example of this invention. It is a front enlarged plan view of the root vegetable harvester of one Example of this invention.

A carrot harvester, which is a kind of vegetable harvester shown as an example of the embodiment of the present invention, will be described.

The carrot harvester includes a traveling unit A for traveling the aircraft, a control unit B on which the operator is boarded, a harvesting unit C for pulling carrots from the field on one side of the left and right sides of the aircraft and transporting the carrots to the rear upper side of the aircraft, and the harvesting unit C. The foliage cutting part D that cuts the foliage part while taking over the carrots from the carrot and transporting it to the rear of the machine, and the carrots that fall from the foliage cutting part D The takeover transport unit E to transport the carrots to, the sort transport unit F that takes over the carrots from the takeover transport unit E, transports the carrots to the rear side of the machine body, and the auxiliary worker selects the carrots being transported, and the sort transport unit E. It is composed of a storage unit G that stores carrots discharged from the carrot. The details of each part will be described in detail below.

<Running part A>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 on the front side of the fuselage, the left and right driven wheels 3 and 3 on the rear side of the fuselage, and the left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 and the left and right slaves below the fuselage frame 1. Left and right belts 5 and 5 are wound around a plurality of rolling wheels 4, 4 ... Attached between the driving wheels 3 and 3 to form left and right crawlers 6L and 6R. Then, the left and right drive sprockets 2 and 2 of the left and right crawlers 6L and 6R are attached to the left and right drive shafts 9 and 9 extending from the mission case 8 to which the power of the engine (not shown) is transmitted to the left and right sides, and are constant. The left and right crawlers 6L and 6R are attached to the machine frame 1 with a left-right spacing.

<Control B>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a control frame 10 is attached to the upper right side of the fuselage frame 1, a control seat 11 is attached to the control frame 10, and a control panel 12 is provided on the front side of the fuselage. Then, the speed change operation lever 13 for switching the forward / backward movement and the traveling speed of the machine body is attached to the control panel 12, and the lift operation lever 14 as a lift operation tool for operating the left / right turning operation of the machine body and the working height of the harvesting portion C is provided. Install.

With the above configuration, by providing a control member such as the speed change operation lever 13 and the elevating operation lever 14 that can perform a plurality of operations with one, the operation of the airframe can be facilitated and the work of the operator can be reduced. ..

<Harvesting Department C>
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the left and right driven pulleys 16 and 16 are rotatably mounted on the front side of the left and right drawing frames 15 and 15, and the left and right drive pulleys 17 and 17 are mounted on the rear side of the machine. The left and right pinching transport belts 18 and 18 that pull out the carrot and transport it to the rear part of the machine body are wound between the pulleys 16 and 16 and the left and right drive pulleys 17 and 17, and the left and right pinching transport belts 18 and 18 are wound by a plurality of tension rollers 19 ... 18 is tensioned, and the side surfaces of the left and right sandwiched transport belts 18 and 18 are pressed against each other to form a carrot pull-out transport path R. Then, a rotating frame 20 that can rotate in the vertical direction is attached above the machine frame 1 with the left and right horizontal axes 21 as rotation fulcrums, and the left and right drive pulleys 17 and 17 are attached to the rear ends of the rotating frame 20. The transmission case 22 that transmits the driving force is attached so as to be vertically rotatable around the rotation fulcrum X. Further, the machine frame 1 and the rotating frame 20 are connected by an elevating cylinder 23, and the elevating cylinder 23 is operably attached by an elevating operation lever 14 of the control unit B to form a pull-out transfer device 24.

Further, a vertical raising device 25 that raises the foliage portion of carrots in front of the pull-out transport device 24, a horizontal raising device 26 that scoops up the foliage portion caused by the vertical raising device 25, and the horizontal raising device 26. The left and right soil of the carrot attached to the vibration frame 31 that vibrates by the rotation of the weed basin 27, the gauge wheel 29 as the grounding body, and the shaft 30 that rotates by the driving force of the engine is solved by vibration. Left and right vibration soyers 32 and 32 are provided.

Then, a tail cutting device 33 that cuts the beard root of the carrot being transported by the pull-out transport device 24 is attached below the pull-out transport path R to form the harvesting portion C.

With the above configuration, by providing the horizontal raising device 26 equipped with the weeding rod 27 on the front side of the machine body and the vertical raising device 25, the harvesting work can be performed while scraping up the foliage of the carrot lying down in the field, and the carrot to be harvested. Since the visibility is improved, it is easy to adjust the pulling position, and the remaining crops are reduced, so that the work efficiency is improved.
Further, since it is possible to prevent the left and right vibration soyers 32, 32 and the like from coming into contact with the carrot and damaging it, the commercial value of the carrot is improved.

Then, the machine frame 1 and the rotating frame 20 that can rotate in the vertical direction with the left and right horizontal axes 21 as rotation fulcrums are connected by the elevating cylinder 23, and the elevating cylinder 23 operates the elevating operation lever 14 of the control unit B. As a result, the vertical height of the entire harvesting portion C can be adjusted by operating the elevating operation lever 14, so that the position of the pull-out transport starting end portion of the harvesting portion C can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The position of the pull-out transport start end can be adjusted according to the appropriate pull-out height of the carrots to be cultivated in the field, and the carrots are prevented from being left behind, which improves work efficiency.

Further, if the harvesting portion C is raised during turning, the lower end portion of the harvesting portion C is less likely to come into contact with the field, so that the turning operation is smoothly performed and the work efficiency is improved.

<Automatic vertical control of the pull-out transfer device 24>
In the gauge ring 29 as a grounding body, a support member 34 is welded and fixed to the front end portion of the rotating frame 20, and a rotating arm 36 is provided so as to be vertically rotatable by a rotating pin 35 provided at the lower end of the supporting member 34. A rotating shaft 37 is provided at the tip of the rotating arm 36 so as to be freely rotatable. A damper 38 is provided between the rotating frame 20 and the rotating shaft 37 of the gauge wheel 29 to urge the gauge wheel 29 to rotate downward. Therefore, the gauge wheel 29 freely rotates while moving up and down following a change in the height of the field scene.

Further, the upper part of the sensor mounting stay 39 is welded and fixed to the lower end of the support member 34, and the proximity sensor 40 as a ground contact body position detection sensor is fixed to the arc surface 39a below the sensor mounting stay 39 along the arc surface 39a. ~ 40f is arranged. On the other hand, the rotating arm 36 on which the gauge ring 29 is rotatably provided is provided with a detection projection 41 at a position facing the proximity sensors 40 to 40f, and the gauge ring 29 is at the height of the field scene. When the rotating arm 36 rotates up and down by following the change and moving up and down, any of the proximity sensors 40a to 40f detects the detection protrusion 41 and detects the vertical height position of the gauge wheel 29. It is configured to do.

On the other hand, when the elevating operation lever 14 provided on the control panel 12 is operated in the left-right direction, the drive of the left and right drive shafts 9 and 9 on the operated side is stopped, and the aircraft can be turned left and right, and when it is operated in the front-rear direction. The elevating valve is operated to expand and contract the elevating cylinder 23 to operate the working height of the harvesting portion C (the height of the front lower end position of the pull-out transfer device 24).

Then, the elevating operation lever 14 is provided with a finger switch 42 as a setting operation tool in the grip portion 14a, so that the operator can operate the elevating operation lever 14 back and forth according to the height of the field scene at the time of harvesting work. When the working height of the harvesting portion C is adjusted to an appropriate height and the finger switch 42 is pressed, which of the proximity sensors 40a to 40f at the time of the pressing operation detects the detection protrusion 41? (In other words, the height position of the gauge wheel 29 when the working height of the harvesting unit C is adjusted to an appropriate height is stored), and that position is used as the reference position for the vertical movement control of the harvesting unit C. .. After that, when the aircraft is advanced to perform the harvesting work, the height of the field scene changes and the height of the gauge wheel 29 changes, and the proximity sensor 40a different from any of the memorized proximity sensors 40a to 40f is used. When any of ~ to 40f detects the detection protrusion 41 (detects that it deviates from the reference position), the control device switches the elevating valve and expands / contracts the elevating cylinder 23 to adjust the working height of the harvesting portion C. It is changed so that it becomes any of the stored proximity sensors 40a to 40f (it becomes a reference position).

Specifically, for example, when the worker adjusts the working height of the harvesting portion C to an appropriate height by operating the elevating operation lever 14 back and forth according to the height of the field scene during the harvesting work, the said. When the finger switch 42 is pressed, the proximity sensor 40c at the time of the pressing operation memorizes the detection of the detection protrusion 41 (memorizes the reference position). After that, when the aircraft is advanced to perform the harvesting work, the height of the field scene changes and the height of the gauge wheel 29 changes, and the proximity sensor 40b different from the memorized proximity sensor 40c detects the detection protrusion 41. When it is detected (detects that it deviates from the reference position), the control device switches the elevating valve to operate the elevating cylinder 23 in height, and the memorized proximity sensor 40c detects the detection protrusion 41 (becomes the reference position). The front end of the harvesting section C is changed to a higher side so that the working height of the harvesting section C becomes an appropriate height initially set by the operator. On the contrary, the height of the field scene changes and the height of the gauge wheel 29 changes, and the proximity sensor 40d different from the memorized proximity sensor 40c detects the detection protrusion 41 (detects that it deviates from the reference position). Then, the control device switches the elevating valve to reduce the elevating cylinder 23, and the front end portion of the harvesting portion C is lowered until the memorized proximity sensor 40c detects the detection protrusion 41 (becomes a reference position). To make the working height of the harvesting section C an appropriate height initially set by the worker.

Therefore, if the worker adjusts the working height of the harvesting portion C to an appropriate height by operating the lifting / lowering operation lever 14 back and forth according to the height of the field scene during the harvesting work, the height of the field scene changes. However, since the working height of the harvesting unit C is automatically controlled to an appropriate height, the appropriate harvesting work can be performed with good workability and the work efficiency is improved.

Further, since the finger switch 42 is provided on the grip portion 14a of the elevating operation lever 14, the finger switch can be easily adjusted when the working height of the harvesting portion C is adjusted to an appropriate height by operating the elevating operation lever 14 back and forth. 42 can be operated, and workability is further improved.

Further, since the detection protrusions 41 provided on the rotating arm 36 are detected by the proximity sensors 40a to 40f arranged in parallel to detect the vertical movement position of the gauge wheel 29, the vertical movement position of the gauge wheel 29 can be determined with a simple configuration. Can be detected.

In the above embodiment, an example of a ginseng harvester that extracts and harvests ginseng from a field is shown, but it may be applied to any vegetable harvester other than ginseng, such as onions.

14 Lifting operation tool (lifting operation lever)
18 Left and right holding transport belt 24 Pull-out transport device 29 Grounding body (gauge wheel)
36 Rotating arm 40a-40f Grounding body position detection sensor (proximity sensor)
41 Detection protrusion 42 Setting operation tool (finger switch)
A Running part B Control part C Harvesting part

Claims (4)

In a vegetable harvester equipped with an elevating operation tool (14) that controls the working height of the harvesting section (C) on the traveling section (A) and the control section (B) that run the aircraft, it follows the height change of the field scene. A grounding body (29) that moves up and down is provided, and a grounding body position detection sensor (40a to 40f) that detects the vertical movement position of the grounding body (29) is provided, and a reference for the vertical movement position of the grounding body (29). A setting operation tool (42) for setting a position is provided, and the harvesting portion (C) is vertically and vertically controlled so that the ground contact body (29) becomes a reference position set by the setting operation tool (42). Vegetable harvester to do. The vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein the setting operation tool (42) is provided on the elevating operation tool (14). The grounding body position detection sensors (40a to 40f) are composed of proximity sensors arranged in parallel, and the grounding body (29) is composed of gauge wheels provided on a rotating arm (36) that rotates up and down. The first or second aspect of the present invention, wherein the detection protrusion (41) provided on the rotating arm (36) is detected by 40a to 40f) to detect the vertical movement position of the gauge wheel (29). Vegetable harvester. The harvesting section (C) is equipped with a pull-out transport device (24) that sandwiches the foliage of vegetables such as carrots in the field with the left and right pinch transport belts (18, 18) and pulls them out from the field. The vegetable harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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