JP3455342B2 - Agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stalk processing device which is provided in front of an agricultural product harvesting machine for harvesting root vegetables such as sweet potatoes and potatoes from a field and pulls up and removes the stalks remaining on field ridges. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crop harvester that collects root vegetables such as sweet potatoes and potatoes from the field, selects and stores them, it is a self-propelled machine that passes from the lower front of the machine to the upper center of the machine. It is known that a digging conveyor device for digging and transporting agricultural products in the field is provided to the rear part.

Further, a pair of left and right guides are provided which are located on the front side of the excavation conveyor device and are inclined so that the front end side is lower and the rear end side is gradually higher with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body. In addition, the endless chain that turns toward the inner side facing each other is wound, and a stalk processing device equipped with a ridge guide roller is provided in front of the guide and the endless chain, and vines and foliage are removed. The applicant of the present invention has proposed a method in which the swordflowers remaining on the field ridges are extracted and removed, and the potatoes are processed so as to fall apart.

[0004]

The above-mentioned strobili treatment device is fixed to the front side of the digging conveyor device, and the followability to the harvest ridges of the treatment process is not sufficient, and the individual There was also a problem to be improved in the component part. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides (1). A self-propelled aircraft is dug out of agricultural products in the field from the front of the lower portion of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the upper center of the fuselage. Providing a digging conveyor device that conveys the stalk, which is located in front of this digging conveyor device, removes the vines and foliage and removes the stalks that remain on the field ridges. In the agricultural product harvesting machine that is arranged, the above-mentioned straw-decker processing device is provided with a pair of left and right guides inclined so that the front end side is low with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body, and the rear end side is gradually higher, and the outer circumferences of both guides are The endless chain that turns toward the inside facing each other is wound, and the ridge guide rollers are arranged on the front side of the guide and the endless chain. In contrast, the parallel link mechanism Movable up and down the thing,

(2) At least one of the pair of left and right guides is supported so that it can be expanded and contracted in the left and right direction.

(3). The guide is curved so that its tip portion is along the upper surface of the field ridge,

(4). A space for removing soil is formed at the tip of the guide.

(5) The ridge guide roller is configured to be capable of horizontal rotation, vertical adjustment, horizontal width adjustment, and angle adjustment with respect to the field ridge. (6). Sprocket for driving the endless chain Each wheel features a groove for removing soil.

[0010]

With the above construction, the agricultural product harvester of the present invention is
It has the following effects. ． The straw treatment device is provided with a pair of left and right guides that are inclined so that the front end side is low and the rear end side is gradually higher with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft, and the guides are turned toward the inside on the outer circumference of both guides. By winding a moving endless chain and disposing a ridge guide roller on the front side of the guide and the endless chain, the left and right endless chains hold a stenosis, and the endless chain rotates and the body advances. The pressure force on the ridge surface by the ridge guide roller pulls up the bellows diagonally upwards and pulls it out, and separates the limbs that are connected to the bellows.
In addition, by supporting the bellows processing device so that it can move up and down by the parallel link mechanism with respect to the excavation conveyor device,
In addition to the harvesting machine, the bellows processing device moves up and down independently to improve the followability to the harvest ridges and perform highly accurate bellows processing work.

[0011]. At least one of the pair of left and right guides is supported so as to be able to expand and contract in the left and right directions, so that a left or right endless chain is bitten by something larger than a swordflower such as stones scattered in the field. If so, do not damage the chain and guide.

[0012]. By bending the guide so that the tip end portion follows the upper surface of the field ridge, the tip end portions of the chain and the guide do not plunge into the harvested field scene and the chain and guide are not damaged.

.. By forming a space for removing soil at the tip of the guide, the soil that is lifted up along with the strawberries that are pulled up by the left and right chains is returned to the field from the space of the guide, and the soil is placed at the front end of the guide. It does not collect and block the chain.

.. The ridge guide roller rotates horizontally,
By enabling vertical adjustment, left-right width adjustment, and angle adjustment to the field ridges respectively, the followability to the harvest ridges at the time of work is improved, and the accuracy of the processing of stalks is improved.

.. By providing a groove for removing soil on the sprocket wheel that drives the endless chain, soil in the field that is attached to the endless chain and moving is prevented from collecting on the sprocket wheel, improving workability and work accuracy. .

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, reference numeral 1 is a potato harvester, and this potato harvester 1 is equipped with crawlers 3 and 3 which form a pair of left and right bodies and enable spin (super-trust) turning. ing. An engine 4 is mounted on a slightly front side of the machine body 2, and a hydraulic device driven by the engine 4 is provided near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position near the rear of the machine body 2. Further, from the front lower part of the machine body 2 between the crawlers 3 and 3 to the rear part of the machine body through the upper part of the machine body, the field potatoes (agricultural products) are excavated and conveyed backward, and the tip side is inclined so as to descend. A take-up conveyor device 6 is provided. A first operating portion 7 and a second operating portion 7a are provided on both sides of the machine body 2 on the rear side of the engine 4.

The digging conveyor device 6 is supported by a pair of left and right side frames (frames) 8, is provided with a digging blade 9 at its tip, and is made of an endless link rod so as to be continuous with the digging blade 9. A series of slanted conveyance units 10 having slats at predetermined intervals and a selection conveyance unit 11 that conveys them so as to slightly descend toward the end are provided. Further, the digging conveyor device 6 has a rotary shaft (rotation fulcrum) 8 in the middle thereof.
The tip side is vertically rotatable about a,
The rotation is controlled by the expansion and contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) provided between the side frame 8 and the side frame 8. Behind this digging conveyor device 6, the first operating section 7 and the second operating section 7a are operated to operate the machine body and drive section, and the sorting and conveying section 11 performs the sorting operation. A worker seat 12 and a step 12a for a worker to ride are provided.

The transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 4 to change gears is equipped with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing gears. It is possible to change the speed of the crawler 3 and 3 by continuously connecting and disconnecting the power transmission via the side clutch and the differential device to make the crawlers 3 and 3 change speed continuously and steplessly, and also possible to make a spin turn (super-field turn). I have to. Further, the transmission power is transmitted from the transmission 5 to the excavation conveyor device 6, and the moving speed of the conveyor can be adjusted continuously and steplessly. By combining with stepped traveling, the mining work speed can be set freely.

Left and right side frames 8, 8 of the digging conveyor device 6
A ridge-following device 14 is provided on the bracket 13 protruding forward from the ridge-following device along with the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the ridge to be harvested. The ridge-following device 14 includes a pair of wheels 15 and 15 that roll on both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested.
Are provided opposite to each other, and both wheels 15 can be vertically adjusted with respect to the excavation conveyor device 6 by an up / down adjusting mechanism 16.
Moreover, it is supported by the slide mechanisms 17, 17 so that the left and right movements can be adjusted. Further, the pair of wheels 15 and 15 have a camber angle and rotate in contact with both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested so that the machine body can be steered and moved following the ridge to be harvested. .

Spare container mounting bases 18 are provided on both sides of the operating devices 7 and 7a, respectively. Each of the spare container mounting bases 18 mounts one container, and can be folded to the side of the machine body 2 and project outward from the machine body 2. Nothing is provided below the sorting / transporting unit 11 so that soil, contaminants, and the like can be directly dropped from the sorting / transporting unit 11 into the field. A pair of left and right handgrip protectors 19 are provided. Although not shown, the gripper / protector 19 is provided with a transport unit stop switch for stopping the driving of the inclined transport unit 10 and the sorting transport unit 11 when an operator has his / her hand caught in the sorting / transport unit 11. ing. Behind the sorting and conveying section 11, a container mounting table 20 is provided.
Is detachably provided, and a spare container placing table 21 is detachably provided on the container placing table 20.

On the side of the machine body 2 on the side opposite to the engine 4, vines, foliage, large soil blocks, stones, etc. other than potatoes are removed from the harvested food conveyed by the inclined conveyance section 10, and
An intermediate sorter step 22 is provided for a sorter who mainly performs a pretreatment work such as separating the stalk and the connected stem from the harvested products which are dug up by the digging blade 9 and conveyed in a collective manner. ing. A seat (not shown) is provided above the step 22 for intermediate sorters. Step two
Spare container mounting bases for mounting spare containers are provided in front of and behind 2, and in front of the engine 4 (not shown). In addition, the step 22 for the intermediate sorter,
The spare container mounting table and the like may be foldable or detachable.

Located on the front side of the digging conveyor device 6 and the ridge-following device 14, the vines and foliage are removed and the stalks remaining on the field ridges are sandwiched and pulled up while pulling out. There is provided a straw treatment device 23 shown in detail in FIGS. This bellflower processing device 23
Parallel link mechanisms 25, 2 attached to a pair of left and right support frames 24, 24 extending from the frame of the ridge following device 14.
The main body frame 26 is supported in a tilted manner and can be moved up and down via 5. A support plate 27 is provided on one side in the left-right direction of the main body frame 26, and an expansion / contraction link mechanism in which a tension spring 29 is stretched between a pair of expansion / contraction links 28, 28 is provided on the other side, and a pair of front and rear support rods 30 are provided from the support plate 27. , 30 are a pair of front and rear moving support rods 30a, 30a from the expansion / contraction link mechanism.
And a pair of left and right chain guides 31 and 31 at the lower ends thereof are lower on the front end side with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body,
The rear end side is fixed in an inclined state so that it gradually rises. The support plate 27 may be the expansion / contraction link mechanism.

Curved portions 31a and 31a are formed at the tips of the chain guides 31 and 31 so as to follow the upper surface of the field ridges, and a space 31 for removing soil is provided at the tips.
b and 31b are formed. An endless chain 32 is wound around the chain guides 31, 31 so as to face each other and rotate inward. A hydraulic motor 33 is provided at a rear end portion of the main body frame 26, and transmission cases 34, 34 having a pair of transmission shafts that rotate by receiving power from the hydraulic motor 33 are hung, and a lower end portion thereof is an endless chain. Three
It is connected to sprocket wheels 35, 35 that rotate 2 for rotation. A groove 35a for removing soil is formed in the sprocket wheel 35. On the front side of the chain guide 31 and the endless chain 32, a pair of left and right ridge pressing rollers 36 supported by a supporting arm projecting forward from the main body frame 26 are provided. The ridge pressing roller 36 can be vertically adjusted by an up / down adjusting handle 36a.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the ridge pressing roller 36 includes a vertical adjusting handle 36a, a horizontal adjusting mechanism 36b, and an angle adjusting mechanism 36 for the field ridge.
c, a horizontal rotation mechanism 36d and the like may be provided to enable horizontal rotation, vertical adjustment, horizontal width adjustment, and angle adjustment with respect to the field ridges.

Next, the operation of the potato harvester 1 of the embodiment constructed as described above will be described. Potato harvester 1
For example, when root vegetables such as sweet potatoes and potatoes are harvested from the field, the wheels 15 and 15 of the ridge-following device 14 are brought into contact with the inclined both shoulders of the ridge to be harvested, and the digging conveyor device 6 is provided.
The excavation blade 9 is vertically moved by a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the excavation depth, and the forward movement of the machine excavates the harvested product with the excavation blade 9. Lift up. During this transportation, soil falls between the link rods, and if necessary, the vines other than the potatoes from the harvested products transported on the inclined transportation unit 10 by the operator sitting on the seat of the step 22 for the intermediate sorter. Pretreatment work such as removal of foliage, large soil blocks, stones, etc. is carried out and brought to the sorting and conveying section 11.

According to the present invention, the stalk processing device 2 located on the front side of the excavation conveyor device 6 for biting and pulling up and pulling out the stalks and leaves which have been removed from the vines and foliage and remain on the field ridges.
Since 3 is provided so as to be movable up and down, it has good followability to the field ridges, and the bellows are pulled up from the ridges held by the ridge pressing roller 36 so as to be caught between the endless chains 32, 32. , It is pulled out and the potatoes in the soil are scattered. Therefore, the digging conveyor device 6 is carried on the conveyor in an undesired state, and the work of the intermediate sorter may be omitted.

Even when a large-stalked stalk like a stump such as stones scattered in the field is bitten between the endless chains 32, 32 during operation, one of the chain guide 31 and the endless chain 32 uses the expansion / contraction link mechanism. Since it can move in the left-right direction, the endless chains 32, 32 and the chain guides 31, 31 are not damaged. In addition, since the chain guides 31 and 31 have the curved portion 31a formed at the tip end, the tip end does not project into the harvest field scene, and the space 31b for removing soil is formed at the tip end. The soil that is lifted up along with the strawberries that are lifted by the left and right endless chains 32 is returned to the field from the space 31b of the guide.

The ridge guide roller 36 is provided with an up / down adjusting handle 36a, a left / right width adjusting mechanism 36b, an angle adjusting mechanism 36c for a field ridge, a horizontal rotating mechanism 36d, etc., so that the ridge guiding roller 36 can be horizontally rotated and vertically adjusted. By adjusting the left-right width and adjusting the angle to the field ridges, the ability to follow the harvest ridges at the time of work is improved, and the accuracy of the processing of stalks is improved. Further, since the sprocket wheel 35 that drives the endless chain 32 is provided with the groove 35a for removing soil, the soil of the field that is attached to the endless chain 32 and moving is prevented from accumulating on the sprocket wheel 35. .

Workers sitting on the operator seats 12 and 12 manually select the non-potatoes of the harvested products moving on the sorting / transporting unit 11, and those remaining on the sorting / transporting unit 11 are placed on the container. It is housed in a container placed on the table 20. When the potatoes in the container are full, replace it with a spare container. A worker's seat 1 during such sorting work
The workers sitting at 2, 12 have grips and protectors 19
Is provided, the operation can be performed safely and the sorting work can be performed, and when the sorting / transporting unit 11 has a hand caught, the transporting unit stop switch stops the driving of the inclined transporting unit 10 and the sorting / transporting unit 11. .

Here, the potato harvester 1 comprises a crawler 3,
Between the lower part of the fuselage, the upper part of the fuselage and the upper part of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage, a digging conveyor device 6 is provided, and operator seats 12 and 12 are provided behind the digging conveyor device 6. The person can also perform the machine operation by the control devices 7 and 7a and the sorting work in the sorting and conveying section 11, and the harvester can be miniaturized to the minimum. Further, since the digging conveyor device 6 is capable of continuously and stepwisely changing its speed and is movable up and down with respect to the machine body 2, the digging conveyor device 6 has an appropriate moving speed and digging according to field conditions and crop conditions. By selecting the harvesting depth, highly accurate and efficient harvesting work can be performed.

In addition, control devices 7, 7a are provided on both sides of the body 2.
On the left and right sides of the machine
8, a spare container placing table 21 on the container placing table 20
Since each of them is provided, one operator can perform the operation of the machine, the work of selecting the harvested products, and the work of accommodating the harvested products in a container. Therefore, even a small harvester can perform multi-functional work. Furthermore, the crawlers 3 and 3 are continuously and steplessly changed in speed and travel, and the spin turn (super-texture turn) is enabled, so that the machine body 2 spins stably on a headland or the like. It is possible to move to the next harvest ridge with one turn, and it is possible to turn with good balance in either the left or right direction. Therefore, the crawlers 3 and 3 do not greatly scrape the soil in the field.

In front of the digging conveyor device 6, there is provided a ridge tracking device 14 which follows the movement of the machine body along the lengthwise direction of the ridge to be harvested, and a pair of ridges to be rolled to the inclined both shoulders of the ridge to be harvested. Since the wheels 15 are provided so as to face each other so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable with respect to the digging conveyor device 6, both wheels 15 accurately follow the ridges to be harvested to automatically steer the machine body. , Digging conveyor device 6
Automatic digging and transportation is performed by. Therefore, the operator can devote most of the time to the sorting work, except for the machine steering operation at the ridge end of the ridge to be harvested. Further, when the headland is turned at the end of the field, the excavation conveyor device 6 is rotated by a hydraulic cylinder about a rotation shaft (rotation fulcrum) 8a to raise the front side, and the crawlers 3 and 3 spin together. You can turn with a small turning radius.

[0033]

As described above, the agricultural product harvesting machine of the present invention has the following effects. ． The straw treatment device is provided with a pair of left and right guides that are inclined so that the front end side is low and the rear end side is gradually higher with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft, and the guides are turned toward the inside on the outer circumference of both guides. Since the moving endless chain is wound and the ridge guide rollers are arranged on the front side of the guide and the endless chain, the left and right endless chains sandwich the sword, and the endless chain rotates and the body moves and the ridges move. The pressure force on the furrow surface by the guide roller can pull up the bellows diagonally upwards and pull it out, thereby making it possible to separate pieces that are connected to the bellows. In addition, since the straw processing device is supported by the parallel link mechanism with respect to the excavation conveyor device so that it can move up and down,
In addition to the harvester, the scarlet processing device can be independently moved up and down, the followability to the harvest ridges is good, and highly accurate bellow processing can be performed. Therefore, it is possible to favorably carry out the subsequent conveyance and selection of the garbage in the digging conveyor device.

.. At least one of the pair of left and right guides is supported so that it can be expanded and contracted in the left and right direction.
Even if a large diameter stone such as a stone scattered in the field is caught between the left and right endless chains, the guide does not spread laterally and damage the chain and the guide.

.. Since the tip of the guide is curved so that the tip of the guide extends along the upper surface of the field ridge, the tip of the chain and the guide do not plunge into the harvest field scene and the chain and the guide are not damaged.

.. Since the space for removing soil is formed at the tip of the guide, the soil that is lifted up along with the swordflower that is pulled up by the left and right chains is returned to the field from the space of the guide, and the soil is placed at the front of the guide and chain. It is possible to prevent accumulation and clogging of the chain.

.. The ridge guide roller rotates horizontally,
Since the vertical adjustment, the horizontal adjustment, and the angle adjustment for the field ridges are possible respectively, the followability to the harvest ridges during the harvesting work is improved, and the accuracy of the processing of the bellows can be improved.

.. Since the sprocket wheel that drives the endless chain is provided with a groove for removing soil, soil in the field that is attached to the endless chain and moving is prevented from collecting on the sprocket wheel, improving workability and work accuracy. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a straw treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the ridge guide roller.

FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of a straw processing device.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a sprocket wheel that drives an endless chain.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the entire agricultural product harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a side view of another embodiment of the ridge guide roller.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 potato harvester 2 machine body 3 crawler 4 engine 5 transmission 6 excavation conveyor device 7 first operating portion 7a second operating portion 8 side frame (frame) 8a rotating shaft (rotating fulcrum) 9 excavating blade 10 inclination Transporting unit 11 Sorting transporting unit 12 Worker's seat 12a Worker's step 13 Bracket 14 Ridge tracking device 15 Wheel 16 Up-down adjusting mechanism 17 Slide mechanism 18, 21 Spare container mounting table 19 Grip and protector 20 Container mounting table 22 Intermediate selection Step 23 for the person who handles the bellows 24 Support frame 25 Parallel link mechanism 26 Main body frame 27 Support plate 28 Expansion / contraction link 29 Extension spring 30 Support rod 30a Moving support rod 31 Chain guide 31a Curved portion 31b Earth removal space 32 Endless chain 33 Hydraulic motor 34 Transmission case with built-in transmission shaft 35 Sp Socket wheel 36 Seosae roller 36a vertically adjusting handle 36
b Left-right width adjustment mechanism 36c Angle adjustment mechanism for field ridges 36d Horizontal rotation mechanism

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hisayoshi Tokunaga 684 Nakamune, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-6-113636 (JP, A) JP-A-7-203737 (JP, A) JP-A-4-8212 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 55-81528 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33 / 14

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A self-propelled aircraft is provided with a digging conveyor device for digging and transporting agricultural products in a field from the lower part of the body to the upper part of the center of the body to the rear part of the body, and is located in front of the digging conveyor device. Then, in the agricultural product harvesting machine provided with a stalk processing device that removes the vine, the foliage part is removed by removing the stalks remaining on the field ridges, the stalk processing device is in the traveling direction of the machine body. On the other hand, a pair of left and right guides that are inclined so that the front end side is low and the rear end side is gradually raised is provided, and the endless chains that turn inward facing each other are wound around the outer peripheries of these guides. A ridge harvesting machine characterized in that a furrow guide roller is arranged on the front side of the guide and the endless chain, and the stalk processing device is supported by a parallel link mechanism with respect to the excavation conveyor device so as to be vertically movable. . 2. The agricultural product harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the pair of left and right guides is supported so as to be capable of expanding and contracting in the left and right direction. 3. The agricultural product harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide is curved so that a tip portion thereof is along the upper surface of the field ridge. 4. The agricultural product harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a space for removing soil is formed at the tip of said guide. 5. The ridge guide roller is configured to be capable of horizontal rotation, vertical adjustment, horizontal width adjustment, and angle adjustment with respect to a field ridge, respectively.
Agricultural product harvesting machine described. 6. The agricultural product harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a sprocket wheel for driving the endless chain is provided with a groove for removing soil.