JP2900208B2 - Agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an agricultural harvester for harvesting root vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, beets, taro, konjac potatoes, short root ginseng, and raccoon.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, agricultural harvesters for harvesting root crops include, for example, potato harvesters, beet harvesters, potato diggers, riding tractors or walking tractors equipped with a digging blade, and the aforementioned digging blade. There are known those equipped with a digging conveyor device having a link rod chain conveyor connected to the rear, and those configured to vibrate the link rod chain conveyor.

[0003]

The above-mentioned potato harvesters, beet harvesters, potato diggers and the like are large like imported products and suitable for use in large-scale fields such as Hokkaido, but small-scale. It was not suitable for use in a natural field, and was a dedicated machine with poor versatility.

[0004] A riding tractor or a walking type tractor equipped with a digging blade, a tractor equipped with the digging conveyor device, or a device configured to vibrate the link rod chain conveyor is used in a small-scale field. Although it was developed so that it can be used, only the root vegetables as described above are dug and released into the field, and the dug root vegetables are separately picked up and sorted. Work efficiency.
At present, there is no small-sized riding type harvester that excavates and sorts root vegetables before storing them. The present invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: Left and right crawler traveling devices 3 and 3 capable of turning on a super base
Excavating conveyor 10 for excavating and transporting agricultural products vegetated in a field from the front to the rear in the center of the body 2 between
And a sorting conveyor 1 that forms a space below and sorts
9, the engine 4 is provided on one side of the front part of the left and right crawler traveling devices 3 and 3, the transmission 5 is provided at the center,
An operation system 7 is provided on the other side, and a worker boarding device 20 on which an operator who performs a steering and sorting operation is mounted behind the operation system 7,
A sorting operator boarding device 21 is provided behind the engine 4 in opposition to the worker boarding device 20, and a crop mounting device 25 for mounting crops is provided at the rear of the machine behind the sorting conveyor 19. In the self-propelled agricultural product harvester, an auxiliary worker boarding device 18 on which an auxiliary worker who performs preprocessing of the harvested material that is dug and conveyed is arranged beside the excavating conveyor 10. , The sorting conveyor 19 can be exchanged for another type of different sorting form,

B. A handrail 23 serving also as a strength member of the machine is provided at a position facing the sorting conveyor 19 from the worker boarding device 20 and the sorting worker boarding device 21.

[0007]

According to the above arrangement, the present invention operates as follows. . The above A. , The front-rear, left-right balance of the body 2 is improved, workability and work accuracy are improved, the sorting operation is performed efficiently, and soil, contaminants, etc., falling from the sorting conveyor 19 are discharged to the field. it can. Airframe 2
Running performance, turning performance, and stability are improved. Furthermore, when the aircraft body 2 turns in the super-revolution, it can turn in a right or left direction with a good balance, and the traveling device does not greatly scrape the soil of the field. The pre-processing of the crops dug and conveyed by the dug conveyor 10 is performed, and the sorting performance is improved. Further, it is exchanged with a sorting conveyor of another type according to the type of crop to be harvested and the cultivation form.

[0008] B. above. With this configuration, the weight of the body can be reduced, and the operator can perform the sorting operation safely.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 7, reference numeral 1 denotes a potato harvester. The potato harvester 1 is equipped with crawlers 3 and 3 which form a pair of right and left sides of a body 2 and enable super turning. The engine 4 is mounted on the body 2 in front of the crawlers 3 and 3, and a generator, a hydraulic pump, etc. (not shown) driven by the engine are mounted near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position on the front side of the body 2. Also, from the lower front of the fuselage 2 to the upper center of the fuselage through the transmission 5 to the center of the fuselage, a digging conveyor device 6 that excavates the vegetation cultivated in the field and conveys it rearward is provided. The conveyor device 6 has a front end portion pivotally supporting a base end portion so as to be vertically movable. A control unit 7 is provided on the other side of the body 2 opposite to the engine 4.

The digging conveyor device 6 has digging blades 9 attached to the distal ends of left and right side frames (frames) 8, 8 and link rods between the side frames 8, 8, with slats provided at predetermined intervals. An excavating conveyor 10 is wound around, and a lower inclined side is rotatable up and down around a rotating portion 10a at an upper end of the excavating conveyor.
The vertical movement adjustment, that is, the adjustment of the digging depth is performed by the expansion and contraction operation of the digging depth, and the digging conveyer 10 can be folded together with the digging conveyor 10 from the middle of the side frames 8, 8. The folding and unfolding operations are performed by the hydraulic cylinder 12. The digging conveyor 10 can adjust its moving speed steplessly or stepwise. Further, the brackets 13, 13 projecting forward from the left and right side frames 8, 8 are provided with ridge followers 14, which follow the machine body along the length direction of the ridge to be harvested.
Is provided.

The ridge following device 14 is provided with a pair of wheels 15, 15 which are in contact with the inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested, facing each other. It is supported so that it can be adjusted up and down and can be adjusted left and right by slide mechanisms 17 and 17. The pair of wheels 15, 15 have a camber angle. The side frame 8 of the excavating conveyor device 6 includes:
Although not shown, a power connecting / disconnecting mechanism is provided near the folded portion. On the side of the excavating conveyor device 6, an auxiliary worker boarding device 18 on which an auxiliary worker who performs pre-processing of the harvested excavated and conveyed products is arranged. This auxiliary worker boarding device 18 includes a step 18a,
It is constituted by a rotatable seat 18b and a handrail 18c, and can be removed when unnecessary.

At the rear part of the fuselage behind the excavating conveyor device 6, a sorting conveyor device 19 for carrying out a sorting operation while placing and transferring the crops is arranged. On one side of the transfer direction of the sorting conveyor device 19, a worker boarding device 20 on which a worker performing a steering operation and a sorting operation of the control unit 7 is mounted, and a sorting worker on which a worker performing a sorting operation is mounted on the other side. A boarding device 21 is provided. A clutch lever 22 operable in conjunction with a traveling clutch lever provided on the control unit 7 and a clutch lever of the excavating conveyor 10 is provided near the sorting operator boarding device 21. The two boarding devices 20 and 21 respectively perform steps 20a and 21
a and up and down, rotatable seats 20b and 21b. Further, handrails 23, 23 also serving as strength members of the body 2 are provided at front positions of the boarding devices 20, 21 facing the sorting conveyor device 19.

The sorting conveyor device 19 can be easily exchanged with a plurality of other types having different sorting forms as required. That is, the one shown in FIG. 1 is a flat belt type 19a. Figure 2 shows the rod (bar)
It is a conveyor type 19b. FIG. 3 shows a rope conveyor type 19c, in which a number of short horizontal bars are fixed to every other rope at predetermined intervals. FIG. 4 shows a tapered roller type 19d in which a large number (seven in the drawing) of tapered rollers are arranged side by side in the width direction with the front side being thick, and each roller is rotated. In addition to these, it can be replaced with a sorting conveyor having a different sorting form. A space 24 is formed below the sorting conveyor 19. Although not shown, a sieve line is provided below the end of the sorting conveyor device 19.

At the rear end of the fuselage behind the sorting conveyor 19, a crop loading device 25 for loading crops is provided. The harvested product mounting device 25 is a loading platform capable of loading a large number of containers accommodating harvested products, and can be adjusted up and down by changing the front end of the body, and can rotate around the front end. It can be moved between a use state that protrudes rearward of the fuselage and a stored state that stands upright on the fuselage side. Although not shown, the two boarding devices 20,
An overhang is provided at steps 20a and 21a of 21,
A container for storing the harvested product may be placed.

A straddling frame 26 is provided to extend over the sorting conveyor device 19 and the excavating conveyor 10 so as to extend the handrails 23, 23. Lights 27 for illuminating the front and rear directions of the machine body are attached to the straddling frame 26. Have been. Further, a parasol 30 is tilted in all directions in the front, rear, right and left directions via a parasol mounting seat 29 at the tip of a support arm 28 having a base end fixed to the straddling frame 26 and extending rearward.
It is fixedly supported. The umbrella 30 is used to shade a worker sitting on the worker boarding device 20 and the sorting worker boarding device 21, and a fan or a radio may be attached to the support of the parasol 30.

The transmission 5 which receives power from the engine 4 and shifts has a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing the speed. The transmission is connected through a side clutch and a differential device.
Then, the crawlers 3 and 3 are driven to change speed between stepless and stepped. Further, a brake device is provided in connection with the differential device. When the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are actuated to turn the airframe in a super pivot.

As described above, the excavating conveyor 10
The speed of the movement can be adjusted steplessly and stepwise, and the excavation work speed can be freely set by combining this with the stepless or stepped running of the crawlers 3 and 3. When the potato harvester 1 is not in use, the excavating conveyor device 6 rotates the entire excavating conveyor device 6 around the rotating portion 10a, or folds the tip end portion as shown in FIG. Turn to the aircraft side to put it in the stowed state, shorten the front and rear length of the aircraft, load it on the light truck bed and carry it,
In addition, it can be stored in a warehouse or the like, and the headland turning can be performed in a small area.

Next, the operation of the thigh harvester 1 configured as described above will be described. For example, when harvesting root vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, beets, taro, konjac potatoes, short root carrots, and raccoons from a field, the potato harvester 1 harvests the wheels 15 and 15 of the ridge following device 14. Excavation conveyor device 6
The excavating blade 9 is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 11 to adjust the excavating depth, and the harvest is dug by the excavating blade 9 by advancing the fuselage. Lift the aircraft diagonally upward. During this transportation, the soil falls from between the link rods, and a worker sitting on the auxiliary worker boarding device 18 performs a pretreatment for removing vines, foliage, large lumps, stones, and the like other than root vegetables.

Only the root crops of the harvest discharged from the end of the excavating conveyor 10 onto the sorting conveyor 19 are transferred to the handrail 23 by the worker sitting on the worker boarding device 20 and the sorting worker boarding device 21. , 23 and accommodated in a container (container) placed on the crop mounting device 25. The soil and contaminants remaining on the sorting conveyor 19 fall from the transport end through the space 24 to the field. In the sorting conveyor device 19, the flat belt type 19a in FIG. 1 transports almost all of the harvested material discharged from the excavating conveyor 10, and the rod (bar) conveyor type 19b in FIG. Drop from between the rods,
In the rope conveyor type 19c in FIG. 3, soil, foliage, small potatoes and the like are dropped, and in the tapered roller type 19d in FIG. 4, soil, foliage, small potatoes and the like are positively dropped and sorted.

Here, the potato harvester 1 has an engine 4, a transmission 5, and an operation unit (operation system) 7 disposed in front of crawlers (traveling devices) 3, 3, and an operator boarding device in the rear. 20, by disposing the sorting operator boarding device 21 and the crop mounting device 25, the front-back, left-right balance of the body 2 is improved, and workability and work accuracy are improved.
The traveling performance, turning performance, and stability of the body 2 are improved.
Further, the traveling device (crawlers 3 and 3) is configured to be able to make a super pivot turn, and the transmission 5 is disposed in the front center portion of the fuselage. You can turn in a well-balanced direction. Therefore, the crawlers 3 and 3 do not greatly scrape the soil of the field.

A ridge follower 14 is provided in front of the excavating conveyor device 6 to follow the ridge along the length of the ridge to be harvested along with the movement of the fuselage, and a pair of wheels which are in rolling contact with the inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested. 15 are opposed to each other and supported so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable with respect to the excavating conveyor device 6, so that both wheels 15 automatically follow the ridge to be harvested and automatically steer the fuselage. Automatic excavation / conveyance by the take-up conveyor device 6 is performed. Therefore, the worker sitting on the worker boarding device 20 can spend most of the time on the sorting work except for the operation of steering the machine at the ridge end of the ridge to be harvested. Further, when the headland turning is performed at the field end, the excavating conveyor device 6 is folded by the hydraulic cylinder 12 so that the turning can be performed with a small turning radius together with the super turning of the crawlers 3 and 3.

The potato harvester 1 of each of the above-described embodiments uses only the potatoes, which have been discharged from the transporting end of the excavating conveyor 10 onto the sorting conveyor 19, into the worker's boarding device 2.
8 and FIG. 8, in which the worker sitting on the sorting machine boarding device 21 manually sorts and stores it in a container (container) placed on the crop mounting device 25. As in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9, a sorting apparatus of a type that performs almost automatic sorting may be used. The same portions as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, the same parts as those of the rod (bar) conveyor type 19b shown in FIG. A sorting conveyor 19e is provided, and a transfer plate 31 is provided at a transport end of the first sorting conveyor 19e, and a rope conveyor type 19c shown in FIG. 3 is provided.
Is connected to the second sorting conveyor 19f similar to the above.
At the transport end of the sorting conveyor 19f, the crop loading device 2
5 faces the opening of the container 32 placed thereon.

In the potato harvester 1 of the second embodiment having such a configuration, the crop discharged from the transporting end of the excavating conveyor 10 onto the first sorting conveyor 19e is separated by the worker boarding device 20 and the sorting machine. The worker sitting on the worker boarding device 21 manually selects and removes the crops other than the potatoes, and the remaining potatoes are sent to the second sorting conveyor 19f via the transfer plate 31, where The small potatoes are dropped downward and accommodated in the container, and the remaining middle or larger potatoes are accommodated in the container 32. As described above, in the case of this embodiment, although it is desired to be sorted, the container 3 is almost automatically
2, the operator of the sorting operator boarding device 21 may be omitted.

The potato harvester 1 of the present invention can be used not only for potato harvesting but also for collecting empty cans, empty bottles, wood chips, etc., for example, on the coast or in dunes. Can be done. In this case, the ridge following device 14 may be removed, or the ridge following device 14 may function as a digging depth adjusting device for the digging blade 9.

[0026]

As described above, according to the agricultural product harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . Left and right crawler traveling devices 3 and 3 capable of turning on a super base
Excavating conveyor 10 for excavating and transporting agricultural products vegetated in a field from the front to the rear in the center of the body 2 between
And a sorting conveyor 1 that forms a space below and sorts
9, the engine 4 is provided on one side of the front part of the left and right crawler traveling devices 3 and 3, the transmission 5 is provided at the center,
An operation system 7 is provided on the other side, and a worker boarding device 20 on which an operator who performs a steering and sorting operation is mounted behind the operation system 7,
A sorting operator boarding device 21 is provided behind the engine 4 in opposition to the worker boarding device 20, and a crop mounting device 25 for mounting crops is provided at the rear of the fuselage behind the sorting conveyor 19. In the self-propelled agricultural product harvester, an auxiliary worker boarding device 18 on which an auxiliary worker who performs pre-processing of harvested excavated and conveyed boards is arranged beside the excavating conveyor 10. , The sorting conveyor 19 can be exchanged for another type having a different sorting form, so that the front-rear and left-right balance of the machine body 2 is good, and the workability and work accuracy can be improved, and the running property of the machine body 2 can be improved. , Turning performance and stability can be improved. The airframe 2 can be turned in a well-balanced manner in either the left or right direction when making a super-spinning turn, and the crawler traveling devices 3 and 3 do not scrape the soil of the field greatly and do not roughen the field.

In addition, the sorting operation can be performed efficiently, and soil, contaminants, etc., falling from the sorting conveyor 19 can be discharged to the field, and a container or the like can be placed below the sorting conveyor 19 as necessary. Can be arranged. The pre-processing of the crops dug by the excavating conveyor 10 and conveyed on the conveyor can be performed, and the sorting performance of the sorting conveyor 19 can be improved. In addition, a sorting conveyor can be selected and mounted in accordance with the type of crop to be harvested and the cultivation form, and an appropriate sorting operation can be performed.

[0028] Since the handrail 23 serving also as a strength member of the body is provided at a position facing the sorting conveyor 19 from the worker boarding device 20 and the sorting worker boarding device 21, the weight of the machine body can be reduced to a necessary minimum, and the worker can be lightened. Sorting work can be performed safely. In addition, when the operator gets on and off the boarding devices 20 and 21, it is convenient because it can be gripped by the handrail 23.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an entire potato harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the entire potato harvester showing a second embodiment of the sorting conveyor.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a whole potato harvester showing a third embodiment of a sorting conveyor.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a whole potato harvester showing a fourth embodiment of a sorting conveyor.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the whole potato harvester.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the entire potato harvester according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Potato harvester 2 Body 3 Crawler 4 Engine 5 Transmission 6 Digging conveyor device 7 Operating part 8 Side frame (frame) 9 Digging blade 10 Digging conveyor 10a Rotating part 11 Hydraulic pressure for vertical movement adjustment of digging conveyor device Cylinder 12 Hydraulic cylinder for folding a digging conveyor device 13 Bracket 14 Ridge following device 15 Wheel 16 Vertical adjustment mechanism 17 Slide mechanism 18 Auxiliary worker boarding device 18a Step 18b
Seat 19 Sorting conveyor device 19a Flat belt type 1
9b Rod (bar) conveyor type 19c Rope conveyor type 19d Tapered roller type 19e
First sorting conveyor 19f Second sorting conveyor 20 Operator boarding device 20a Step 20b Seat 21 Sorting operator boarding device 21a Step 21b
Seat 22 Clutch lever 23 Handrail also serving as a strength member of body 24 Space 25 Harvester mounting device 26 Crossing frame 27 Light 28 Support arm 29 Parasol mounting seat 30 Parasol 31 Delivery plate 32 Container

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toyosuke Sato 684 Nakahashi, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Inside Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Akihiko Kakimi 684 Nakahashi, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Inside Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Koji Morikawa 684 Nakahone, Okayama City Okayama Prefecture, Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. −104784 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 2-55516 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-16327 (JP, B2)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An excavator for excavating and transporting agricultural products vegetated in a field from a front part to a rear part of a body of a body (2) between left and right crawler traveling devices (3, 3) capable of turning a super-spot. A picking conveyor (10) and a sorting conveyor (19) for forming a space below and performing sorting are provided continuously, and an engine is provided on one side of the front of the left and right crawler traveling devices (3, 3). (4) A transmission (5) is provided at the center, and an operation system (7) is arranged on the other side, and an operator boarding device (an operator boarding device) on which an operator who performs steering and sorting work is mounted behind the operation system (7). 2
0), an operator boarding device (2 ) behind the engine (4).
A self-propelled machine having a sorting operator boarding device (21) disposed opposite to the sorting conveyor (19) and a crop loading device (25) for loading crops at the rear of the fuselage behind the sorting conveyor (19). In the agricultural harvester of the type, it is dug and transported to the side of the excavating conveyor (10).
Assistance for auxiliary workers to pre-process incoming crops
An operator boarding device (18) is installed, and the sorting conveyor (1) is installed.
9) can be exchanged for other types with different sorting forms
Agricultural harvester, characterized in that the. 2. An operator boarding device (20) and a sorting operator.
Position facing the sorting conveyor (19) from the boarding device (21)
Handrails (23) that also serve as strength members of the aircraft
The agricultural product harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: