JP2727283B2 - Agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to, for example, sweet potatoes, potatoes,
The present invention relates to an agricultural product harvesting machine that harvests root vegetables such as onions, beets, taro, konjac potatoes, short root carrots, and raccoons from a field, and simultaneously selects and prepares them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an agricultural product harvester for harvesting and sorting root vegetables from a field, a bar-type sorting conveyor is provided continuously with a digging conveyor, and a front and rear pulley is used as a sorting conveyor. A number of ropes are wound at predetermined intervals in between, so that these ropes vibrate,
A rope conveyor type or the like has been proposed in which the sorted agricultural products are supplied and moved on the rope while being sorted and prepared.

[0003]

In the case where a bar type sorting conveyor is provided continuously to the above-mentioned excavating conveyor,
While the selected agricultural products move together with the soil on the excavating conveyor and the sorting conveyor, the soil naturally falls from the gap between the conveyors.In the case of a vibration type rope conveyor type sorting conveyor, Although the soil sorting performance was much better than that of the type sorting conveyor, the soil was naturally dropped. For this reason, for example, when harvesting konjac potatoes for three years,
After harvesting, the soil must be dropped from each agricultural product with a brush or the like and then packed in a bag, which requires a lot of time and labor after harvesting. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: From the front part to the rear part of the fuselage 2, a sorting conveyor 19 is provided continuously to the digging conveyor device 6 including the digging blade 9 and the digging conveyor 10, and the soil is mainly removed from the sorted agricultural products following the sorting conveyor 19. In the agricultural harvester provided with the preparation device including the rope type sorting conveyor 33, the preparation device rotates vertically and opposingly sandwiches the transport portion of the rope type sorting conveyor 33 and contacts the upper and lower parts of the sorted agricultural products. Brushes 46, 47
B. B. The rotating brushes 46 and 47 are rotated in the same direction. The upper brushes 46 of the rotating brushes 46 and 47 are swingable up and down.

[0005]

According to the above construction, the agricultural harvester of the present invention has
The following actions are performed. . Since the preparation device is provided with the rotating brushes 46 and 47 vertically opposed to each other with the transport portion of the rope type sorting conveyor 33 interposed therebetween, the sorted agricultural products transported by the rope type sorting conveyor 33 are above and below. Then, the rotating brushes 46 and 47 come into contact with each other to remove soil adhering to the surface of the sorted agricultural products without damaging the agricultural products.

[0006] Since the rotating brushes 46 and 47 are rotated in the same direction, the upper and lower rotating brushes 46 and 47 are moved in the same direction from the upper and lower parts of the sorted agricultural products with respect to the sorted agricultural products conveyed by the rope type sorting conveyor 33. Rotating and contacting, removing the whole soil efficiently and cleanly while giving resistance to the sorted agricultural products. . Since the upper brushes 46 of the rotating brushes 46 and 47 can be swung up and down, even if the sorted agricultural products conveyed by the rope type sorting conveyor 33 are large or small, the upper brushes 46 are adjusted vertically according to the size. By rocking, the soil of the whole selected agricultural products is efficiently and cleanly removed.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 2 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a potato harvester. The potato harvester 1 is provided with crawlers 3 and 3 which form a left-right pair on a body 2 and which enable super turning. An engine 4 is mounted on the body 2 in front of the crawlers 3, 3, and a generator, a hydraulic pump, etc. (not shown) driven by the engine 4 are mounted near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position on the front side of the body 2. Also, from the lower front of the fuselage 2 to the upper center of the fuselage through the transmission 5 and to the upper center of the fuselage, a digging conveyor device 6 that excavates the vegetation cultivated in the field and conveys it rearward is provided. The conveyor device 6 has a front end portion pivotally supporting a base end portion so as to be vertically movable. A control unit 7 is provided on the other side of the body 2 opposite to the engine 4.

The digging conveyor device 6 has digging blades 9 attached to the front ends of left and right side frames (frames) 8, 8 and link rods between the side frames 8, 8, and slats are provided at predetermined intervals. The excavating conveyor 10 is wound, and the lower end side of the slant is rotatable up and down around the turning part 10a at the upper end part of the excavator, and the hydraulic cylinder 11 provided between the body 2 and the side frames 8
The vertical movement adjustment, that is, the adjustment of the digging depth is performed by the expansion and contraction of the digging depth, and the digging conveyer 10 can be folded to the fuselage side from the middle of the side frames 8, 8. The folding and unfolding operations are performed by the hydraulic cylinder 12. The moving speed of the digging conveyor 10 can be adjusted steplessly or stepwise. The brackets 13, 13 projecting forward from the left and right side frames 8, 8 are provided with a ridge follower 14, which follows the machine body along the length of the ridge to be harvested.

This ridge follower 14 is provided with a pair of wheels 15, 15 which are in contact with the inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested, facing each other. It is supported so that it can be adjusted up and down and can be adjusted left and right by slide mechanisms 17 and 17. The pair of wheels 15, 15 have a camber angle. The side frame 8 of the excavating conveyor device 6 is provided with a power connecting / disconnecting mechanism (not shown) near its folded portion. On the side of the excavating conveyor device 6, an auxiliary worker boarding device 18 on which an auxiliary worker who performs pre-processing of the harvested excavated and conveyed products is arranged. The auxiliary worker boarding device 18 includes a step 18a, a vertically adjustable and rotatable seat 18b, and a handrail 18c, and can be detached when unnecessary.

A second conveyor 19, which is a rod (bar) conveyor type sorting conveyor, is disposed at the rear of the machine body behind the excavating conveyor device 6. At the transport end of the second conveyor 19, a rake-shaped transfer body 31 also serving as a preparation device for sorting agricultural products to be transported and removing soil, and a third conveyor 3 of a rope conveyor type are provided.
3 are connected in series. The transfer body 31 vibrates up and down,
The tip portion is disposed so as to be in contact with the third conveyor, and the ropes of the third conveyor 33 vibrate vertically by the vibration of the transfer body 31. The openings of the containers 32, 32 placed on the crop mounting device 25 face the lower part of the third conveyor 33 and the transport end.

On one side of the second conveyor 19 in the transfer direction, a worker boarding device 20 on which a worker performing a steering operation and a sorting operation of the steering unit 7 is mounted, and a worker performing a sorting operation on the other side is mounted. A sorting operator boarding device 21 is provided. A clutch lever 22 operable in conjunction with a traveling clutch lever provided on the control unit 7 and a clutch lever of the excavating conveyor 10 is provided near the sorting operator boarding device 21. The two boarding devices 20 and 21 are respectively provided with steps 20a and 21a and a vertically adjustable and rotatable seat 2 respectively.
0b and 21b. Further, handrails 23, 23 also serving as strength members of the body 2 are provided at front positions of the boarding devices 20, 21 facing the sorting conveyor 19.

The sorting / preparing conveyor 33, which is the third conveyor, can be replaced with another one having a different sorting form as required. The rope type conveyor 33 of this embodiment is, As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of front and rear pulleys 35, 35 are pivotally supported between the left and right side frames 34, 34, and a number of ropes 36 are wound at predetermined intervals between the pulleys 35, 35. A number of short horizontal bars 36a, 36a... Are fixed at predetermined intervals to every other one of these ropes 36, 36. The pulley 35, the horizontal bar 36a is not provided among the ropes 36,
35, the side frames 34, 3
The tension is applied by a tension roller 37 supported by 4, and the vertical distance between the ropes 36 is reduced.

A cam wheel 39 is fixed to the outer periphery of one end of the rotary shaft 38 of the rear pulley of the second conveyor 19 with its cam surface facing outward. Opposed to the cam surface of the cam wheel 39, a swing arm 42 of a vibration generating mechanism of the transfer body 31 is mounted on a side frame 40 of the
1, a tension spring 43 is supported between the lower end of the swing arm 42 and the side frame 40.
And a cam roll 44 pivotally supported by the swing arm 42 is brought into contact with the cam surface of the cam wheel 39. And
A transfer body vibrating arm 45 in which the transfer body 31 is connected to the swing arm 42 is connected to the transfer body 31 to vertically vibrate, and the ropes 36 of the third conveyor 33.
Vibrates up and down.

The crop loading device 25 provided behind the third conveyor 33 is a loading platform on which a large number of containers 32 accommodating crops can be loaded, and can be adjusted up and down by changing the front end of the body. It is also possible to rotate around a front end and to be displaced between a use state protruding rearward of the fuselage and a storage state standing upright on the fuselage side. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of containers 32 are arranged side by side to accommodate the harvest. Also, as shown in FIG.
5a, and a resilient mechanism 25b whose support attitude gradually changes depending on the weight of the harvested product stored in the container 32. Although not shown, the above-mentioned two boarding devices 2
An overhang may be provided at steps 20a and 21a of steps 0 and 21 so that a container for accommodating the harvest can be placed.

A straddling frame 26 extending above the second conveyor 19 and the digging conveyor 10 is provided so as to extend the handrails 23, 23.
6 is provided with lights 27 for illuminating both the front and rear directions of the fuselage. A parasol 30 is supported at the tip of a support arm 28 having a base end fixed to the straddling frame 26 and extending rearward, through a parasol mounting seat 29 so as to be tiltable and fixed in all directions in all directions. The umbrella 30 is used to shade a worker sitting on the worker boarding device 20 and the sorting worker boarding device 21, and a fan or a radio may be attached to the support of the parasol 30.

The transmission 5 which receives power from the engine 4 and shifts has a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing the speed. The transmission is connected through a side clutch and a differential device.
Then, the crawlers 3 and 3 are driven to change speed between stepless and stepped. Further, a brake device is provided in connection with the differential device. When the steering lever is largely operated, the side clutch, the differential mechanism, and the brake are actuated to turn the airframe in a super pivot.

Also, as described above, the excavating conveyor 10
The traveling speed can be adjusted between stepless and stepped, and the excavation work speed can be freely set by combining this with the stepless or stepped traveling of the crawlers 3. When the potato harvesting machine 1 is not in use, the excavating conveyor device 6 moves the entire excavating conveyor device 6 to the rotating portion 10a.
Or, as shown in Fig. 3, the front end part can be folded and turned to the fuselage side to put it in the stowed state, the length of the fuselage can be shortened, and it can be loaded on the light truck carrier and transported. In addition, it can be stored in a warehouse or the like, and the headland turning can be performed in a small area.

Next, the operation of the thigh harvester 1 configured as described above will be described. For example, when harvesting root vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, onions, beets, taro, konjac potatoes, short root carrots, and lucky roots from the field, the potato harvester 1 harvests the wheels 15 and 15 of the ridge following device 14. Excavation conveyor device 6
The excavating blade 9 is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 11 to adjust the excavating depth, and the harvest is dug by the excavating blade 9 by advancing the fuselage. Lift the aircraft diagonally upward. During this transportation, the soil falls from between the link rods, and a worker sitting on the auxiliary worker boarding device 18 performs a pretreatment for removing vines, foliage, large lumps, stones, and the like other than root vegetables.

Only the root vegetables of the harvest discharged from the end of the excavating conveyor 10 onto the second conveyor 19 are
A worker sitting on the operator boarding device 20 and the sorting operator boarding device 21 sorts through the handrails 23, 23, conveys it to one side in the moving direction of the second conveyor 19, and vibrates from the conveyance end. It is sent to the third conveyer 33 via 31. In the third conveyor 33, potatoes are rope 3
While being transported while being supported by the horizontal bars 36a, 36a, 36a, the transfer body 31 is vibrated, and the soil adhering to the surface of the potatoes is dropped, and small potatoes and the like are prepared. Is dropped into the lower container 32, and the remaining medium / large grain potatoes are moved from the transport end to the container 3 in front.
2 housed.

Here, the potato harvester 1 has an engine 4, a transmission 5, and an operation unit (operation system) 7 disposed in front of crawlers (traveling devices) 3, 3, and an operator boarding device in the rear. 20, by disposing the sorting operator boarding device 21 and the crop loading device 25, the front-back, left-right balance of the body 2 is improved, and workability and work accuracy are improved.
The traveling performance, turning performance, and stability of the body 2 are improved. In addition, the traveling device (crawlers 3 and 3) is configured to be able to make a super pivot turn, and the transmission 5 is disposed at the front center portion of the fuselage. You can turn in a well-balanced direction. Therefore, the crawlers 3 and 3 do not greatly scrape the soil of the field.

A ridge follower 14 is provided in front of the excavating conveyor device 6 to follow the ridge along the length of the ridge to be harvested along with the movement of the fuselage, and a pair of wheels which are in rolling contact with the inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested. 15 are opposed to each other and supported so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable with respect to the excavating conveyor device 6, so that both wheels 15 automatically follow the ridge to be harvested and automatically steer the fuselage. Automatic excavation / conveyance by the take-up conveyor device 6 is performed. Therefore, the worker sitting on the worker boarding device 20 can spend most of the time on the sorting work except for the operation of steering the machine at the ridge end of the ridge to be harvested. Further, when the headland turning is performed at the field end, the excavating conveyor device 6 can be folded with the hydraulic cylinder 12 to turn with a small turning radius together with the super turning of the crawlers 3 and 3.

5 to 7 showing another (second) embodiment of the present invention, most of them are shown in FIGS.
Since the configuration is the same as that of the embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In this alternative embodiment, the structure of the transfer body 31 as a preparation device and its vibrating mechanism is the same as that of the first embodiment, but in the third conveyor 33, each of the ropes 36, 36. The horizontal bar 36a is not provided, and a large-diameter earth brush 46 and a small-diameter earth brush 47 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the ropes 36, 36 so as to rotate in the same direction by a belt transmission system 48. ing. Also, the upper brush 4
Numeral 6 is capable of swinging up and down around a rotation center 46a of the support arm. Each of the ropes 36, 36,... Is tensioned downward by a tension pulley 49, and a soil drop brush 47 is provided in a gap above the ropes.

The third conveyor 33 is inclined such that the transport end side is slightly higher than the start end side, and a crop guide 50 is provided so as to descend sideways from the transport end.
At the end of the crop guide 50, a crop storage bag 52 supported by a storage bag support frame 51 is disposed in an open state. Further, the bottom of the crop storage bag 52 is the crop loading device 2.
5 is placed on a support 25c formed in the same manner. further,
A large number of harvest storage bags 52 are prepared,
The crop storage bag 52, which can be easily attached to and detached from the crop 5c, is filled with the crop, and is dropped onto the field, and a new storage bag 52 is attached.

In the potato harvester 1 of the second embodiment having such a configuration, for example, when konjac potatoes of three years are harvested from the field, the transfer body 31 vibrates from the transport end of the second conveyor 19. When the konjac potato is sent to the third conveyor 33, the soil attached to the konjac potato is naturally dropped. In the third conveyor 33, the konjac potato is vibrated by the delivery body 31 while being supported and transported by the ropes 36, 36.
36, the potatoes are dropped and stored in the lower container 32, and the remaining potatoes are naturally dropped, and the soil removal brush 4
6, 47, which are forcibly dropped from above and below, and discharged to the crop guide 50 in the prepared state.
2 housed.

[0025]

As described above, according to the agricultural product harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. . . The preparation device is provided with rotating brushes 46 and 47 that are vertically opposed to each other with the transporting portion of the rope type sorting conveyor 33 therebetween and come into contact with the sorted agricultural products from above and below.
The rotating brushes 46 and 47 come into contact with the sorted agricultural products conveyed by the rope type sorting conveyor 33 from above and below, and reliably remove the soil adhering to the surface of the sorted agricultural products without damaging the agricultural products. Can be removed.

[0026] Since the rotating brushes 46 and 47 are rotated in the same direction, the upper and lower rotating brushes 46 and 47 rotate in the same direction from the upper and lower parts with respect to the sorted agricultural products conveyed by the rope type sorting conveyor 33. As a result, the whole soil can be efficiently and cleanly removed while giving resistance to the movement of the selected agricultural products. . Since the upper brushes 46 of the rotating brushes 46 and 47 can be swung up and down, even if the sorted agricultural products conveyed by the rope type sorting conveyor 33 are large or small, the upper brushes 46 are adjusted vertically according to the size. By swinging, the soil of the whole selected agricultural products can be efficiently and neatly removed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a delivery device which is a preparation device according to the present invention and a third device.
It is a side view of a conveyor part.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the entire potato harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the same.

FIG. 5 is a side view of another embodiment of the preparation device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the entire potato harvester of another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Potato harvester 2 Body 3 Crawler 4 Engine 5 Transmission 6 Digging conveyor device 7 Operating part 8 Side frame (frame) 9 Digging blade 10 Digging conveyor 10a Rotating part 11 Hydraulic pressure for vertical movement adjustment of digging conveyor device Cylinder 12 Hydraulic cylinder for folding of excavating conveyor device 13 Bracket 14 Ridge following device 15 Wheel 16 Vertical adjustment mechanism 17 Slide mechanism 18 Auxiliary worker boarding device 18a Step 18b
Seat 19 Second conveyor (bar type sorting conveyor) 20 Operator boarding device 20a Step 20b Seat 21 Sorting operator boarding device 21a Step 21b
Seat 22 Clutch lever 23 Handrail serving also as a strength member of the body 24 Space 25 Harvester mounting device 25a Auxiliary stand 25b Resilient mechanism 26 Crossing frame 27 Light 28 Support arm 29 Parasol mounting seat 30 Parasol 31 Transfer plate 31a Sliding contact rod 31b Branch 32 Container 33 Third conveyor (rope type sorting conveyor)
33a Sorting conveyor 34 Side frame 35 Pulley 36 Rope 36a Horizontal bar 37 Tension roller 38 Rotation shaft of rear pulley of second conveyor 39 Cam wheel 40 Side frame 41 of second conveyor 41 Shaft 42 Swing arm 43 Tension spring 44 Cam roll 45 Transferr Vibration arm 46 Upper drop brush 46a Center of rotation of support arm 47 Lower drop brush 48 Belt transmission system 49 Tension pulley 50 Harvest guide 51 Storage bag support frame 52 Harvest bag

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Showa 57-94326 (JP, U) JP-B 62-22595 (JP, B2) JP-B 55-41728 (JP, B2)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A sorting conveyor (19) which is continuous from a front part to a rear part of a body (2) with a digging conveyor device (6) having a digging blade (9) and a digging conveyor (10).
In addition to the sorting conveyor (19), the agricultural product harvester provided with a preparation device including a rope type sorting conveyor (33) for mainly removing soil from the sorted agricultural products.
The above-mentioned preparation device is characterized in that rotating brushes (46, 47) are provided, which are vertically opposed to each other with the transporting part of the rope type sorting conveyor (33) therebetween and come into contact with the sorted agricultural products from above and below. Agriculture harvester. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as the rotating brush (46, 47), is rotated in the same direction
Agriculture harvester as described. Wherein said upper brush (46) of the rotating brush (46, 47), agricultural harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein it has a vertically swingably.