JP2017148024A - Root crop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a root crop harvester with a raising device for raising a foliage part in a front part of a machine body in which the floating-up of the front part of the machine body is suppressed and the foliage part raising action of the raising device is reliably performed, and thereby the root crops of pull-out remainder are prevented from occurring in a ridge to enable effective harvesting work.SOLUTION: A root crop harvester 1 is provided for supporting a machine body frame 5 by a gauge wheel 6 provided in a front part of a machine body and a driving wheel 7 provided in a rear part of the machine body, raising the foliage part of the root crops by raising devices 2, 2, 3, 3 provided in the front part of the machine body, taking over and holding the foliage part with a pull-out conveying device 4, and pulling up a root part from the ridge while sending and lifting it up to the rear. The root crop harvester is characterized in that a movable balance weight 45 is provided in the front and rear of the gauge wheel 6, and the balance weight 45 disposed in the rear of the gauge wheel 6 is moved to the front side of the gauge wheel 6 when driving the raising devices 2, 2, 3, 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a root vegetable harvesting machine that extracts and harvests root vegetables such as radishes and carrots from a field.

  As described in Patent Document 1, the root vegetable harvesting machine is provided with a vertical and horizontal scratching device that causes the roots and leaves of the root vegetables to be located at the front of the machine body. While excavating and pinching the foliage with the conveying device, pulling the root part away from the heel while feeding it upwards, cutting the tip of the foliage at the end of the excavating and conveying device and then rooting it on the surface The roots are picked up by the worker and harvested.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-62371

  In the above-mentioned root crop harvesting machine, the left and right front wheels support the front part of the machine body, and the height from the surface of the vertical / horizontal picking device (raising device) is kept constant. If there is a lump or weed, the front part of the aircraft will jump up and the vertical and horizontal scraping device will not raise the foliage, but the excavation will not hold the foliage and the root will not be pulled out by the conveying device. As a result, what is left behind in the basket arises, and the worker must later pull out and harvest, which causes a problem of lowering work efficiency.

  The present invention is a root crop harvesting machine equipped with an elevating device that causes a foliage part at the front part of the machine body. It is an object of the present invention to enable efficient harvesting work without leaving unextracted root vegetables.

  The problems of the present invention are solved by the following technical means.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the body frame 5 is supported by the gauge wheel 6 provided at the front part of the machine body and the drive wheel 7 provided at the rear part of the machine body, and the root vegetables are provided by the pulling devices 2, 2, 3 and 3 provided at the front part of the machine body. In the root crop harvesting machine 1 that pulls out the root part from the cocoon while raising the foliage part, pulling the foliage part by the pulling and conveying device 4 and feeding it backward, a balance weight 45 is provided that can move forward and backward of the gauge wheel 6. The root weight harvesting machine is characterized in that the balance weight 45 disposed after the gauge wheel 6 is moved to the front side of the gauge wheel 6 when the pulling devices 2, 2, 3 and 3 are driven.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the root vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein when the balance weight 45 is retracted, the balance weight 45 approaches the outer periphery of the drive wheel 7.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, a weight arm 46 that pivots back and forth is provided on the support leg 47 of the gauge wheel 6, and after the balance weight 45 is engaged with the weight arm 46, the pin 48 is integrally connected and fixed. A root vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the transmission shaft 56 that transmits the rotation of the height adjustment handle 24 provided in the control unit 9 at the rear of the machine body is passed through the upper portion of the pulling and conveying device 4, and the front end thereof is the gauge wheel of the gauge wheel 6. It is connected to a bent gear case 28 provided at the upper end of the support cylinder 52 so that the support leg 47 of the gauge wheel 6 can be expanded and contracted, and interlocked with the operation of the work clutch lever 60 for turning on and off the drive of the pulling devices 2, 2, 3 and 3. Then, the weight arm 46 pivotally supported by the support leg 47 rotates forward, and the wire 49 that connects the balance weight 45 so as to move in front of the gauge wheel 6 is disposed along the transmission shaft 56. The root vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or claim 2.

  In the invention according to claim 1, the balance weight 45 moves to the front side of the gauge wheel 6 during the harvesting operation of driving the pulling devices 2, 2, 3, 3 to harvest the root vegetables, so that the gauge wheel 6 jumps up. , And the pulling device 2, 2, 3 and 3 will surely cause the roots and leaves of the root vegetables to fall down on the surface and take over to the pulling and transporting device 4 so that the remaining root vegetables will not remain in the soil of the straw , Harvesting work can be done efficiently. Further, when the balance weight 45 is moved to the rear of the gauge wheel 6, the front part of the airframe is lightened, and the turning movement performed by supporting the drive wheel 7 and floating the gauge wheel 6 is facilitated.

  In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect according to claim 1, when the balance weight 45 is housed rearward and the vehicle is traveling, the balance weight 45 approaches the drive wheel 7 and the drive wheel 7 The mud soil adhering to the outer periphery of the car is scraped off, and the subsequent running becomes light.

  In the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or claim 2, the balance weight 45 can be attached to and detached from the weight arm 46 by using only the pin 48 without the need for a tool, and maintenance is easy. is there.

  In the invention according to claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or claim 2, the wire 49 that connects and interlocks the work clutch lever 60 and the weight arm 46 passes through the upper part of the pulling and conveying device 4. Since it is provided along the shaft 56, there is no hindrance to the extraction and conveyance of root vegetables, and a good harvesting operation can be performed.

Right side view of root crop harvester Top view of root crop harvesting machine Front view of horizontal pulling device Side sectional view showing the internal structure of the horizontal pulling device Mechanism explanation side sectional view of switching part (a), mechanism explanation side sectional view of tensioner part (b) Plan view of the main part of the part that switches the circular trajectory of the horizontal pulling device The perspective view which shows the raising / lowering mechanism of a gauge ring (A) Plan view showing the state with the balance weight attached, (b) Plan view showing the state with the balance weight removed, (c) View A with the balance weight attached

  An embodiment specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, the front and rear and the left and right are referred to based on the forward direction of the aircraft.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the root vegetable harvesting machine 1 has left and right vertical pulling devices 2 and 2, left and right horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3, and a pulling / conveying device 4 in a body frame 5 in order from the front end of the body. The front and rear of the body frame 5 are supported by the right gauge wheel 6 and the left and right drive wheels 7 and 7 so as to be able to run on the farm field, and a driving unit 8 and a control unit 9 are provided at the rear of the body frame 5. It is configured to be able to harvest root crops such as radish.

  The vertical elevating devices 2 and 2 provided on the left and right of the front end can scrape the stems and leaves hanging on the ridge U on the left and right sides of the crop to be harvested by endless belts with lugs 2a that circulate in the traveling direction of the aircraft. Composed.

  The left and right horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 provided on the rear side of the vertical pulling devices 2 and 2 are constituted by endless bands with lugs 3a that respectively move in the center direction from the left and right side portions of the airframe. While receiving the foliage part from 2, the foliage part drooping to the side of the crop is scraped up to the center side. In particular, the horizontal pulling device 3 on the non-cutting side (left side in FIG. 3) is configured so that the scraping width can be changed as will be described later, so that reliable crop extraction can be performed corresponding to the width between adjacent strips. And

  The vertical pulling devices 2 and 2 and the horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 are driven by the power of the prime mover 8.

  The pulling / conveying device 4 sandwiches the foliage raised by the left and right vertical pulling devices 2 and 2 and the left and right horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 with a pinching belt that is inclined to rise rearward on the left and right, and lifts and conveys them upward and rearward. Pull out the roots of the root vegetables from the bowl.

  A shoulder aligner 20 is provided at the lower part of the pulling / conveying device 4 so as to abut on the shoulders of the roots and align the positions of the roots with the rear conveyance while holding the stems and leaves suspended by the pulling / conveying device 4. A cutter 31 that cuts the foliage is provided at the upper end of the apparatus 20 to cut off the tip of the foliage, and the root vegetables with the foliage are dropped onto the ridge U and are held by the pulling and conveying device 4. The part is discharged from the terminal end onto the heel surface U.

  The fuselage frame 5 is a right gauge wheel 6 that is capable of adjusting the support height by integrating working parts such as the vertical and horizontal pulling devices 2, 2, 3, 3 and the pulling and conveying device 4 and the driving unit 8 and the control unit 9 together. The left and right drive wheels 7 and 7 constitute a harvesting machine for extracting root vegetables.

  The gauge wheel 6 and the left and right drive wheels 7 and 7 are steered so as to travel in the groin and adjust the travel position.

(Pulling device)
The horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, a front view of the horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 includes an endless belt 13a having lugs 3a as protruding members protruding from the left and right sides, and a drive rotating body arranged vertically. It winds around a certain driving pulley 11 and a driven pulley 12 that is a driven rotating body, and the left and right sides are arranged so as to be capable of rotating around each other and arranged in a tilted posture.

(Circular route)
The horizontal pulling device 3 on the uncut side (left side in the illustrated example) of the left and right horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 is configured to be able to change the turning radius of the lower end position of the endless belt 13a. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 which is a side view of a cross-sectional display showing the internal structure, the lateral pulling device 3 transmits and supports the drive pulley 11 so as to be movable up and down along its rotation axis 11a. Is configured to be movable.

  The drive pulley 11 is slidably biased to one side by a spring 11b, and the drive pulley 11 is slid by a switching wire 15 described later against this biasing force, and a shifter as a scraper is provided, so that the endless belt 13a The circuit is configured so that the circuit route can be switched.

  In addition, the large-diameter portion 12b and the small-diameter portion 12c that can change the circulatory radius by the movement of the circulatory path of the endless belt 13a are formed on the driven pulley 12 in two upper and lower stages, A switching wire 15 for moving up and down the circulation path of the band 13a is provided.

  The pulling / conveying device 4 pulls and holds the stems and leaves that have been raised from the left and right by the left and right horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3 having the above-described configuration, and pulls out the crop. At this time, the circumferential lower end position of the endless belt 13a of one of the horizontal pulling devices 3 If the lap radius of the rug 13b is changed, the locus of the rug 13b is switched at the lower end position so that it can be adjusted so that the rug 3a does not come into contact with the root vegetables adjacent to the harvested strip. The product value is prevented from being lowered.

  In addition, when causing the roots and leaves of the root vegetables in the adjacent strips, it is possible to prevent the stems and leaves from being torn off and the root parts of the root vegetables from being extracted from the soil, so work on the root vegetables extracted halfway. It becomes unnecessary for the worker to take care, and the labor of the worker can be reduced.

  When the rotation path of the endless belt 13a is moved up and down by the operation of the switching wire 15, the drive pulley 11 moves up and down together with the endless belt 13a, and the endless belt 13a moves to the large diameter portion 12b or the small diameter portion 12c of the driven pulley 12. When the trajectory of the lower end position of the horizontal pulling device 3 is switched from wide to narrow, the lateral protrusion amount of the lug 3a is changed, and the driven circular trajectory becomes narrow, the lug 3a becomes a root vegetable or foliage of the adjacent strip. When the driven orbital trajectory is widened, the raising range of the foliage part can be expanded to one side and the foliage part in a wide range can be surely caused to be sandwiched between the drawing and conveying device 4, Prevents leftovers of root vegetables.

(Energizing rotating body)
Between the driving pulley 11 and the driven pulley 12, an urging pulley 14 that is an urging rotating body that applies tension to the endless belt 13a is provided, and the driving pulley 11 and the endless belt 13a are switched according to the switching operation of the switching wire 15. The urging pulley 14 is movably supported in correspondence with the circulation path. Further, in order to make the gap between the left and right endless belts 13a, 13a constant, the urging pulley 14 is disposed within the winding region of the endless belt 13a.

  Since the lateral pulling device 3 can apply tension to the endless belt 13a by the urging pulley 14 when the trajectory of the endless belt 13a is switched, the protruding amount of the lug 3a is kept constant, and the foliage portion is This prevents the root vegetables from being pulled out by the pulling / conveying device 4 by removing the adjacent root vegetables from the soil and eliminating the need for manually extracting the root vegetables.

  Moreover, since it can prevent damaging the adjacent root vegetables and the foliage part, it is prevented that the commercial value of root vegetables falls.

(Track switching)
After the switching operation unit 15a of the trajectory switching member 15 is provided in the control unit 9 at the rear of the drawing / conveying device 4, the drive pulley 11 is moved up and down as shown in FIG. The first vertical movement member 11c is pivotably supported, and the second vertical movement member 14d that moves the urging pulley 14 is pivotally supported. Moreover, the switching operation part 15a is attached to a notch stay, and fixes the position of a lever.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the belt urging mechanism moves the urging pulley 14 in the left-right direction of the body in conjunction with the rotation of the second vertical movement member 14d. The left and right rotating member 14a for changing the contact amount is pivotally supported so that the endless belt 13a is urged by a spring 14b connected to the left and right rotating member 14a, and a stopper 14c is provided at a loosening limit position so as to be too loose. It is configured to prevent the band from falling off.

  Further, the trajectory switching member 15 is connected to the first vertical movement member 11c, and the first vertical movement member 11c and the second vertical movement member 14d are connected to each other by the vertical interlocking member 15b so as to be able to operate integrally. The vertical movement member 14d and the left / right rotation member 14a are connected by a left / right interlocking member 14e. When the circulation path of the endless belt 13a is the large diameter portion 12b, the left / right rotation member 14a is loosened, and when the endless belt 13a is the small diameter portion 12c. The tension of the belt is made constant even if the loop path of the endless belt 13a changes.

  Since the switching operation portion 15a of the trajectory switching member 15 is provided in the maneuvering portion 9 at the rear part of the machine body, the turning trajectory of the lateral pulling device 3 can be changed from the maneuvering portion 9, thereby reducing the labor of the operator and working. Efficiency is improved.

  Further, the switching operation unit 15a, the first vertical movement member 11c, the second vertical movement member 14d, and the left / right rotation member 14a are connected by the trajectory switching member 15, the up / down interlocking member 15b, and the left / right interlocking member 15e. The circular trajectory can be switched only by the operation of 15a, so that a complicated operation is not required and the operability is improved.

(Operation amount adjustment member)
As shown in the plan view of the main part of the drawing / conveying device 4, as shown in FIG. 6, a pulling transmission case 8b is provided for transmission to the horizontal pulling devices 3 and 3, and the first vertical movement by the operation of the switching operation unit 15a is provided. An operation amount adjusting member 15c for adjusting and setting the operation amounts of the member 11c, the second vertically moving member 14d, and the left and right rotating member 14a with a wire stay is provided on the front side of the pulling transmission case 8b, and is suitable for the growth of the radish etc. Adjust to the orbital trajectory range (if it is unnecessarily narrow, the lug will only act near the bottom dead center of the orbital trajectory and may not be raised).

  By providing the operation amount adjusting member 15c on the front side of the pulling transmission case 8b, the front-rear distance between the operation amount adjusting member 15c and the pulling device 3a can be narrowed. The operation amount can be adjusted in the vicinity of the second vertically moving member 14d and the left and right rotating member 14a, and the vertical interlocking member 15b and the left and right interlocking member 14e can be easily prevented from interfering with surrounding members.

  Further, by adjusting the operation amount of the first vertical movement member 11c, the second vertical movement member 14d, and the left and right rotation member 14a, the trajectory switching member 15 is operated to the “narrow” side according to the growing state of root vegetables. It is possible to change the orbit around. As a result, it is prevented that the root vegetables are left unextracted without causing the roots and leaves of the root vegetables being pulled out as a result of excessively narrowing the orbit around the position of the adjacent root vegetables. This reduces the effort to harvest root vegetables.

(Gauge wheel lifting mechanism)
As shown in FIG. 1, a transmission shaft is connected to a bent gear case 28 provided at an upper end of an upper gauge wheel support cylinder 52 erected in a backward inclined posture from a shaft support portion 51 erected on the control unit 9 to a right front side portion of the body frame 5. A transmission cylinder 57 that houses 56 is provided, and the height adjustment handle 24 is fixed to the rear end of the transmission shaft 56.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the bent gear case 28, a first bevel gear 53 fixed to the shaft end of the transmission shaft 56 and a second bevel gear 54 fixed to the end of a screw shaft 55 provided in the upper gauge ring support cylinder 52 are provided. The rotation of the transmission shaft 56 is transmitted to the screw shaft 55.

  A lower gauge ring support leg 47 is fitted to the upper gauge ring support cylinder 52 so as to be vertically slidable through a hexagonal hole, and the lower gauge ring support leg 47 is moved relative to the upper gauge ring support cylinder 52 by the rotation of the screw shaft 55. The gauge ring 6 is pivotally supported on the wheel receiver 45 at the lower end of the lower gauge ring support leg 47 so as to expand and contract vertically.

  Accordingly, when the elevation handle 24 is rotated, the transmission shaft 56 and the screw shaft 55 are rotated, and the gauge wheel 6 is moved up and down to adjust the height of the vertical pulling device 2 and the horizontal pulling device 3 from the flange surface U. It becomes like this.

  Further, an attachment boss portion 46 a of the weight arm 46 is fixed to the lower gauge ring support leg 47. The weight arm 46 of the mounting boss portion 46a can be rotated back and forth, and as shown in FIG. 8, the balance weight 45 is engaged with the tip of the weight arm 46 from above and the pin 48 is inserted from the side to be stopped. When the pin 48 is removed, the balance weight 45 can be easily removed.

  Further, the weight arm 46 is pulled forward by a spring 51 and is connected by a wire 49 with a work clutch lever 60 for turning on and off the vertical pulling device 2 and the horizontal pulling device 3, and when the work clutch lever 60 is turned on. The weight arm 46 is pulled by the spring 51 and pivots forward so that the balance weight 45 moves to the front side of the gauge wheel 6. When the work clutch lever 60 is turned off, the weight arm 46 is pulled by the wire 49 and rotated rearward so that the balance weight 45 approaches the outer periphery of the drive wheel 7 and the drive wheel 7 rotates and adheres to the drive wheel 7. The muddy soil is scraped off with the balance weight 45. The outer wire of the wire 49 is fixed by the wire fixing clip 50 along the transmission cylinder 57.

2 Pulling device (vertical pulling device)
3 Pulling device (horizontal pulling device)
4 Pulling and Conveying Device 5 Machine Frame 6 Gauge Wheel 7 Drive Wheel 28 Bending Gear Case 45 Balance Weight 46 Weight Arm 47 Support Leg (Lower Gauge Wheel Support Leg)
48 pin 49 wire 52 gauge wheel support cylinder 56 transmission shaft 60 working clutch lever

Claims (4)

  The body frame (5) is supported by the gauge wheel (6) provided at the front of the machine body and the drive wheel (7) provided at the rear of the machine body, and the root vegetables are provided by the pulling device (2, 2, 3, 3) provided at the front part of the machine body. In the root crop harvesting machine (1) which pulls out the root part from the straw while lifting the stem and leaf part, pulling and pinching the stem and leaf part by the pulling and conveying device (4), and moving back and forth, it moves to the front and back of the gauge wheel (6) A possible balance weight (45) is provided, and the balance weight (45) disposed after the gauge wheel (6) is placed on the front side of the gauge wheel (6) when the pulling device (2, 2, 3, 3) is driven. Root crop harvesting machine, characterized by moving to.   The root vegetable harvester according to claim 1, wherein the balance weight (45) approaches the outer periphery of the drive wheel (7) when the balance weight (45) is retracted.   A weight arm (46) that pivots back and forth is provided on the support leg (47) of the gauge ring (6), and the balance weight (45) is engaged with the weight arm (46) and then integrated with a pin (48). The root vegetables harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the root vegetables harvester is connected and fixed.   The transmission shaft (56) that transmits the rotation of the elevation control handle (24) provided in the control section (9) at the rear of the machine body is passed through the upper portion of the pulling and conveying device (4), and the front end thereof is connected to the gauge wheel (6 ) Is connected to a bent gear case (28) provided at the upper end of the gauge ring support cylinder (52), so that the support leg (47) of the gauge ring (6) can be expanded and contracted, and the pulling device (2, 2, 3, 3). The weight arm (46) pivotally supported on the support leg (47) is rotated forward in conjunction with the operation of the operation clutch lever (60) for turning the drive on and off to move the balance weight (45) to the gauge. The root vegetable harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a wire (49) connected so as to move in front of the ring (6) is disposed along the transmission shaft (56). .

Images