JP2021073965A - Fishery feed using periphyton - Google Patents
Fishery feed using periphyton Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021073965A JP2021073965A JP2019211844A JP2019211844A JP2021073965A JP 2021073965 A JP2021073965 A JP 2021073965A JP 2019211844 A JP2019211844 A JP 2019211844A JP 2019211844 A JP2019211844 A JP 2019211844A JP 2021073965 A JP2021073965 A JP 2021073965A
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- algae
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- affixa
- periphyton
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000861914 Plecoglossus altivelis Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000861915 Plecoglossus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000381283 Atyidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195628 Chlorophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000442132 Lactarius lactarius Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000212850 Mugil cephalus Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276707 Tilapia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は固形物に付着する付着藻類を培養し、それを水産飼料として水産物の飼育に用いる方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method of culturing periphytons adhering to solid matter and using the periphyton as a marine feed for breeding marine products.
鮎等、一部の水棲生物は付着藻類を主たる餌としている。付着藻類とは藍藻・珪藻・緑藻などの藻類が河川の岩石等に付着して成長するものである。鮎に関しては藻類を餌とする天然の鮎は食味が良いことから珍重されている。しかし人工的な飼育を行う場合、付着藻類を直接飼料とすることは困難であり配合飼料が用いられている。 Some aquatic organisms, such as sweetfish, mainly feed on periphyton. Periphyton is algae such as blue-green algae, diatoms, and green algae that grow by adhering to rocks in rivers. As for sweetfish, natural sweetfish that feed on algae are prized because of their good taste. However, in the case of artificial breeding, it is difficult to directly feed the periphyton, and a compound feed is used.
魚類の飼料として付着藻類を用いる方法については、鮎の飼育を想定して培養池内に藻類が付着する固形物を沈めることによって鮎を飼育する方法は提案されているが実用には至っていない。本発明は、新たな手法によって付着藻類を用いた水産飼料を生産するものである。 As for the method of using periphyton as feed for fish, a method of breeding sweetfish by submerging a solid substance to which algae adheres in a culture pond assuming breeding of sweetfish has been proposed, but has not been put into practical use. The present invention produces aquatic feed using periphyton by a new method.
付着藻類を飼料として用いる為には安定して大量の藻類を培養すること。魚類等の飼育にあたり与えやすく、かつ摂食しやすい形で提供する方法が必要である。今までに提案されている方法では、魚類の生育に十分な藻類を培養するのは困難であると考えられ、事業化にも至っていない。本発明では、付着藻類を安定して大量に培養する方法と、それを簡便に飼料として用いる方法を提案する。 In order to use periphyton as feed, a large amount of algae should be cultivated in a stable manner. There is a need for a method of providing fish, etc. in a form that is easy to feed and eat. It is considered difficult to cultivate algae sufficient for the growth of fish by the methods proposed so far, and it has not been commercialized. The present invention proposes a method for stably culturing a large amount of periphyton and a method for simply using it as feed.
付着藻類を安定して培養するために、藻類が付着する付着板を作成する。流水溝を用いた培養装置にこの付着板を設置し、栄養塩を含んだ培養液を流下させ、光を照射することで付着藻類を培養する。 In order to stably culture the periphyton, a lamina affixa to which the periphyton adheres is created. This affixa is installed in a culture device using a running water groove, and a culture solution containing nutrients is allowed to flow down, and the attached algae are cultured by irradiating with light.
付着板に付着した藻類を飼料として利用するためには、培養された藻類が付着板に付着したままの状態で魚類等が飼育される水槽に設置する。設置された付着板に付着する藻類は、そのまま魚類等の飼料となる。 In order to use the algae attached to the affixa as feed, the cultured algae are installed in a water tank in which fish and the like are bred while the algae are still attached to the affixa. The algae adhering to the installed affixa can be used as feed for fish and the like.
付着藻類を付着させるために板状の固形物による付着板を作成する。付着板はコンクリート、セラミックス、その他の材質によって形成される。水槽内に自重で沈んで設置できるような重量があることが望ましい。付着板の表面は藻類が生育できるよう多孔質であることが望ましい。付着板を気泡コンクリートやセラミックスといった多孔質の素材で作成するか、もしくは付着板の表面に多孔質の素材を貼りつける加工を行う。付着板の表面には藻類が付着しやすいよう細かい凹凸をつける。 Create a lamina affixa with a plate-like solid to attach periphyton. The affixa is made of concrete, ceramics and other materials. It is desirable that the aquarium has a weight that allows it to sink under its own weight. The surface of the affixa should be porous so that algae can grow. The affixa is made of a porous material such as aerated concrete or ceramics, or the surface of the affixa is affixed with a porous material. The surface of the affixed plate is made finely uneven so that algae can easily adhere to it.
付着藻類の培養装置として流水溝を作成する。流水溝はゆるい傾斜角を持った浅い溝であり、溝の内幅は藻類を付着板より少しだけ広い幅とする。流水溝はプラスチックや金属によって作成され、地上に置いて設置できるものとする。培養液を流水溝に流下させるために散水パイプを用いる。プラスチックや金属によって作成され、細かい穴を開けて培養液が均等に流下されるようにする。 Create a running water groove as a culture device for periphyton. The running water groove is a shallow groove with a gentle inclination angle, and the inner width of the groove is slightly wider than the lamina affixa. The running water ditch shall be made of plastic or metal and shall be placed on the ground for installation. A watering pipe is used to allow the culture solution to flow down the water flow groove. It is made of plastic or metal and has fine holes to allow the culture to flow evenly.
流水溝を流下した培養液を貯める為の受水槽を用意し、下部にポンプと接続する排水口を設ける。受水槽貯まった培養液はポンプによって散水パイプに送られる。受水槽とポンプ。ポンプと散水パイプは導水管によって接続される。導水管は、ホースもしくはパイプによって作成される。 Prepare a water receiving tank for storing the culture solution that has flowed down the water flow groove, and provide a drainage port connected to the pump at the bottom. The culture solution stored in the water receiving tank is sent to the watering pipe by a pump. Water tank and pump. The pump and the watering pipe are connected by a water pipe. Water pipes are made by hoses or pipes.
培養液は、リン、カリウム、窒素、マグネシウム等の栄養塩を溶かした水溶液である。一部の藍藻を培養する場合は、窒素を含まない培養液を用いることで、安定して藍藻のみを培養することが出来る。培養液は受水槽に貯水される。 The culture solution is an aqueous solution in which nutrient salts such as phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen and magnesium are dissolved. When culturing some blue-green algae, it is possible to stably cultivate only blue-green algae by using a culture solution containing no nitrogen. The culture solution is stored in the water receiving tank.
培養を始めるにあたり、付着板に培養の素となる藻類を付着させる必要がある。培養の素となる藻類は、事前に培養、もしくは採取しておく。培養開始時の藻類の付着は、培養板に直接塗布する、もしくはあらかじめ培養液中で藻類を培養して、藻類を含んだ培養液を流しかける方法で行う。 At the beginning of culturing, it is necessary to attach algae, which is the source of culturing, to the affixa. The algae that are the basis of culture should be cultivated or collected in advance. Adhesion of algae at the start of culturing is carried out by directly applying to the culture plate or by culturing the algae in the culture broth in advance and pouring the culture broth containing the algae.
付着板を流水溝上に設置し、受水槽の培養液をポンプによって散水パイプに送り流水溝上の付着板の上を流下させる。流下した培養液は貯水槽に貯められ循環していく。この際、流水溝上の付着板に対して光を照射する。光の照射は自然光、もしくは電照によって行う。付着板に付着した藻類は、光合成を行って増殖していく。増殖した藻類は付着せずに培養液と共に流下していくこともあるが、ポンプによって再び付着板上を流れ、凹凸のある付着板によって付着する。 The affixa is installed on the water flow groove, and the culture solution in the water receiving tank is pumped to the watering pipe to flow down on the affixa on the water flow groove. The flowed culture solution is stored in a water tank and circulated. At this time, light is applied to the affixed plate on the running water groove. Light is irradiated by natural light or electric lighting. The algae attached to the affixa grow by photosynthesis. The grown algae may flow down together with the culture solution without adhering, but they flow again on the affixa by the pump and adhere by the uneven affixa.
藻類の付着した付着板は、そのまま魚類等を飼育する水槽に沈める。付着板はその自重によって底面に設置されるが、軽くて不安定な場合は金具等で固定する。自然環境において付着藻類を餌とする生物は、付着板に付着した藻類も同様に餌とすることができる。藻類が付着した付着板は水槽中に常置され、魚類等が自由に摂食できるようにする。 The affixa with algae attached is directly submerged in the aquarium for breeding fish. The affixed plate is installed on the bottom surface due to its own weight, but if it is light and unstable, fix it with metal fittings or the like. Organisms that feed on periphyton in the natural environment can also feed on the algae that adhere to the lamina affixa. The affixa with algae attached is permanently placed in the aquarium so that fish and the like can freely eat it.
一定期間を経て藻類が食べられた付着板は、水槽より引き上げる。水槽より引き上げた付着板は、再び培養装置に設置する。付着板の表面は多孔質であり、魚類等は付着板上の藻類を食べ尽くすことは無い。培養装置に再び設置された付着板は残った藻類をもとに再び藻類が培養される。 The affixa, which has been eaten by algae after a certain period of time, is pulled up from the aquarium. The affixa pulled up from the water tank is installed again in the incubator. The surface of the affixa is porous, and fish and the like do not eat up the algae on the affixa. The algae are cultivated again based on the remaining algae on the affixa plate re-installed in the incubator.
複数の付着板を交換しながら用いることによって、魚類等には常時飼料が提供される状態となる。また、培養装置も常に稼働して藻類の培養を行うことになる。藻類は水中に長時間放置しても成分変化が少なく、水質汚染の危険が少ない。
培養液は蒸発によって減るので、適宜水の補給を行う。また、藻類の培養によって栄養塩の濃度が薄くなるので、定期的に栄養塩の補給を行う。By using the affixed plates while exchanging them, the fish and the like are always provided with feed. In addition, the culture device is always in operation to cultivate algae. Algae have little change in composition even when left in water for a long time, and there is little risk of water pollution.
Since the culture solution is reduced by evaporation, water should be replenished as appropriate. In addition, since the concentration of nutrients is reduced by culturing algae, supplement the nutrients on a regular basis.
上記発明により藍藻を培養して鮎の飼育を行った。藍藻は付着板に付着して飼料として十分な量が培養された。藍藻の付着した付着板を鮎の飼育水槽に入れたところ、鮎は付着板に付着した藍藻のみを飼料として長期間飼育することができた。この方法により、付着藻類を飼料として用いた鮎の飼育が可能となる。鮎以外にも、サバヒー、ボラ、ティラピアのような魚類やヌマエビのような甲殻類、ワムシのような動物性プランクトンの飼料とすることも可能と考えられる。 According to the above invention, blue-green algae were cultivated to breed sweetfish. Blue-green algae adhered to the lamina affixa and were cultivated in a sufficient amount as feed. When the affixa attached to the affixa was placed in the ayu breeding aquarium, the ayu could be bred for a long period of time using only the affixa attached to the affixa as feed. This method enables the breeding of sweetfish using periphyton as feed. In addition to sweetfish, it may be used as feed for fish such as milkfish, flathead mullet, and tilapia, crustaceans such as Atyidae, and zooplankton such as rotifer.
１ 流水溝
２ 付着板
３ 散水パイプ
４ 受水槽
５ ポンプ
６ 導水管
７ 導水管1 Water flow groove 2 Adhesive plate 3 Watering pipe 4 Water receiving tank 5 Pump 6
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| JP2019211844A JP2021073965A (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Fishery feed using periphyton |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2019211844A JP2021073965A (en) | 2019-11-07 | 2019-11-07 | Fishery feed using periphyton |
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| JP2021073965A true JP2021073965A (en) | 2021-05-20 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05304853A (en) * | 1991-08-13 | 1993-11-19 | Masahiro Okamura | Method for culturing abalone or turbo |
| JP2012175964A (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-09-13 | Ihi Corp | Microalgae culture device and method |
| JP2018088916A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-14 | 日本曹達株式会社 | Algae growing method and algae culturing device |
| WO2019035455A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | 日本曹達株式会社 | Microorganism culture system |
-
2019
- 2019-11-07 JP JP2019211844A patent/JP2021073965A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05304853A (en) * | 1991-08-13 | 1993-11-19 | Masahiro Okamura | Method for culturing abalone or turbo |
| JP2012175964A (en) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-09-13 | Ihi Corp | Microalgae culture device and method |
| JP2018088916A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-14 | 日本曹達株式会社 | Algae growing method and algae culturing device |
| WO2019035455A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | 日本曹達株式会社 | Microorganism culture system |
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